of 


notable 


J^pisropfll  (^gnprgps 


3n  tl)c  Enitcb  States 


)S  tf)e 


Eeb.  (George  fillolfe  ^l^inn,  ®.2^, 

l^ECtor  of  ©rare  Ct)urd),  NeiDton,  Jflass. 


One  ^unbre^  v\\ 


3ffu0fraiion6 


)15o0ton,  Sr9asf0, 
!3r^o^cisf   liing  Corporation 

1889 


Copyright,  1889,  by  Moses  King  Cori'oration. 


Jillustratious 

UNDER   SUPERVISION   OF 

A.  LEIGHTON  DONNELL, 

CHIEKLV    BY 

BOSTON  PHOTOGRAVURE  CO.,  of  Boston; 

ALSO  BV 

LEWIS  ENGRAVING  CO.,  of  Boston, 
PHOTO-ENGRAVING  CO.,  of  New  York, 
BOSTON  ENGRAVING  CO.,  of  Boston, 

AND  OTHERS. 


BUFFALO.   N.  V. 
Matthews,  Northrip  &  Co.,  Art-Printing  Works 

Office  of  tkt  "Buffalo  Morning  Express  " 


pttiatt. 


THERE  are  four  classes  of  Churches  represented  in  this  book:  — 
First,  Old  Colonial  buildings  erected  before  the  American  Revolution. 

Second,  Buildings  illustrating  the  period  of  recuperation  and  growth,  in  the  early 
part  of  this  century. 

Third,  Parish  Churches  in  cities  and  towns,  in  many  cases  with  Chapels  and 
Parish  Buildings  attached,  designed  to  meet  the  new  conditions  of  American  life, 
and  to  bring  the  Church  into  more  direct  contact  with  the  people. 

Fourth,  The  Cathedrals,  illustrating  the  efforts  to  provide,  in  some  of  the  see 
cities,  Churches  presided  over  by  bishops,  with  congregations  ministered  to  by 
clergymen  under  the  immediate  direction  of  the  bishops  ;  and  to  adapt,  as  far  as 
possible,  to  the  .life  of  this  new  country,  that  mode  of  organized  Christian  labor 
usually  known  as  "  The  Cathedral  System." 

In  making  this  classification,  two  facts  are,  of  course,  obvious  :  — 

One  fact  is,  that  a  book  of  this  size  can  contain  only  a  small  number  of  illus- 
trations of  a  class. 

If,  for  example,  an  effort  had  been  made  to  bring  together  pictures  of  all  the 
interesting  Colonial  buildings,  there  would  have  been  but  little  space  for  any  thing 
else.  Not  many  of  those  old  structures  were  graceful  in  architecture  or  elaborate 
in  their  fittings  and  adornments ;  but  in  them  resounded  the  voice  of  prayer  and 
praise,  in  them  His  Gospel  was  preached,  and  in  them  the  Sacraments  of  Christ's 
appointment  were  duly  administered  The  illustrations  of  Colonial  buildings  which 
this  book  contains,  although  limited  in  number,  will  be  sufficient  to  bring  before 
the  mind  of  the  reader  visions  of  a  past  which  was  the  sowing-time  of  the  harvest 
now  growing 

The  other  fact  that  becomes  obvious,  as  one  looks  over  this  book,  is,  that  there 
are  buildings  left  out  of  each  class,  which  are  quite  as  worthy  to  be  brought  in  as 
those  which  are  represented.  It  is  no  disparagement  to  a  parish,  that  its  building 
is  not  given  here.  In  some  cases  it  was  impossible  for  the  editor  to  secure  the 
needed  materials,  and  in  others  a  choice  had  to  be  made  of  such  as  would  repre- 
sent a  different  style  of  architecture,  or  a  different  locality.  It  would  have  been 
easy,  for  instance,  to  fill  the  book  with  accounts  of  the  large  Churches  in  our  great 
cities,  but  it  was  thought  better  to  extend  the  view  so  as  to  take  in  representative 
buildings  from  many  sections. 


rKIU'ACE. 

Hesides  all  this,  \vc  have  entered  ujion  a  building  era  in  which  many  of  the 
l)rescnt  structures,  erected  twenty  or  forty  years  ago,  are  likely  to  be  superseded 
by  elaborate  buildings,  which  will  be  more  worthy  of  notice  than  those  now  stand- 
ing. In  many  cases.  Churches  which  were  built  to  meet  the  needs  of  congregations 
in  their  formative  periods  are  found  to  be  inadequate  for  present  purposes.  The 
growing  earnestness,  and  the  increasing  numbers  and  resources  in  these  congrega- 
tions, will  ere  long  make  it  possible  to  call  to  their  aid  the  greater  taste  and  skill  of 
the  architects  of  our  day,  and  thus  to  substitute  more  commodious  and  more 
beautiful  houses  of  worship.  It  is  not  an  uncommon  thing  to  find  a  very  large 
and  flourishing  congregation  occupying  a  building  far  inferior  to  that  which  has 
been  more  recently  secured  by  another  parish  that  is  by  no  means  so  strong  or  so 
influential. 

The  explanations  now  given  may  meet  some  of  the  criticisms  which  this  book 
will  call  forth.  Perhaps  one  more  statement  may  meet  other  objections.  It  is 
this  :  that  the  limit  put  upon  the  size  of  the  book  to  make  it  uniform  with  the 
series  of  "  King's  Handbooks,"  of  which  it  is  a  part,  has  led  necessarily  to  the 
omission,  in  this  first  volume,  of  what  may  constitute  a  second  volume  at  some 
future  day,  and  has  led  also  to  the  shortening  of  histories  and  descriptions  which 
were  worthy  of  larger  space. 

This  Handbook  will  be  useful  in  various  ways.  First,  to  illustrate  the  progress 
which  has  been  made  by  the  Episcopal  Church  in  this  country  during  the  past 
century.  No  one  can  look  through  these  pages,  and  examine  these  pictures,  without 
seeing  that  a  wonderful  advance  has  l)een  made.  It  is  a  history  of  the  Episcopal 
Church  in  a  new  form. 

Then  too  the  book  may  revive  pleasant  associations  for  people  who  have  been,  or 
are  now,  connected  with  parishes  here  mentioned.  The  children  baptized  in  the  old 
parish  Church,  in  one  of  our  Atlantic  cities,  may  to-day  be  actively  connected  with 
some  new  parish  in  the  West.  The  young  couple  married  before  the  altar  of  a 
Church  in  one  section,  may  have  found  a  home  in  some  far-distant  city.  And  so 
with  all  of  these  parishes  there  arc  hallowed  associations,  which  may  thus  be 
revived  and  cherished. 

Another  use  of  the  book  is  for  tourists,  who,  in  going  from  city  to  city  in  the 
United  States,  wish  to  see  the  Church  buildings.  It  will  be  a  convenience  to 
know  which  possess  features  of  interest,  and  to  have  in  hand  a  guide  that  will 
set  forth  such  features. 

And,  finally,  this  Handbook  may  furnish  many  a  suggestion  to  the  parishes  and 
individuals  who  contemplate  building  houses  of  worship  for  the  glory  of  God.  It 
is  often  a  help  to  those  who  are  about  to  build  a  Church  or  Chapel  or  Parish  House, 
to  know  what  other  people  have  done.  It  is  no  unusual  thing  for  committees  to 
make  long  journeys  to  view  buildings  which  they  have  heard  would  answer  needs 
similar  to  their  own,  or  which  have  features  they  wish  their  architects  to  introduce. 

It  will  be  very  gratifying  to  all  who  have  had  any  thing  to  do  with  the  prepara- 
tion of  this  book,  if,  in  any  or  in  all  of  these  ways,  it  shall  prove  to  be  useful. 


CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

The  Colonial  Churches 9-40 

From  the  First  Church  of  the  Jamestown  Settlers  to  the   Revolution. 

The  Second  Period 41-56 

Some  of  the  Churches  built  more  than  half  a  Century  ago. 

The  Third  Period S7--3S 

Parish  Churches  and  Parish  Buildings. 

The  Cathedrals  and  Pro-Cathedrals 239-27S 

The  Bishop's  Church  in  the  See  City.     The  Development  of  the  Cathedral  System. 

Index 279-2SS 

A  minute  index   to  the  whole  volume. 


CHURCHES    REPRESENTED. 


STATE. 

California  . 
Colorado    . 
Connecticut 
Delaware   . 


CITY. 

San  Francisco 
Denxer . 
Hartford     . 
Wilmincrton 


District  of  Coknnbia  Washiniiton 


Florida Jacksonville 

Georgia Atlanta  . 

Illinois Chicasjo 


'' Springfield 

Iowa Davenport 

Kansas Topeka  .     . 

Kentucky  ....   Louisville  . 
Louisiana  ....  New  Orleans 

Maine Bar  Harbor 

"  Kennebunk 

"  Portland     . 

Maryland    ....  Annapolis. 
"  ....   Baltimore  . 


church.  PAGE 

.  St.  Luke's ii3 

.   St.  John's  Cathedral ....  254 

.   Good  Shepherd i23 

.    Old  Swedes'  (Trinity)    ...  i^ 

.   St.  John's 123 

.   Ascension 15? 

.   Epiphany 64 

.   St.  John's 4^ 

.   St.  Luke's 178 

.   St.  Andrew's 22^ 

.   St.  Luke's  Cathedral      .     .     .  26S 

.   Cath.  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul  .  24O 

.   St.  James' 153 

.   Trinity 151 

.   St.  Paul's  Pro-Cathedral      .     .  252 

.  Davenport  Cathedral      .     .     .  241 

.  Grace  Ch.  Cath.  and  Guild  Hall  265 

.   Christ 52 

•   Trinity 74 

.   St.  Saviour's 176 

.   St.  Ann's 21S 

.   St.  Luke's  Cathedral      .     .     .  249 

.    St.  Anne's 90 

.   St.  Paul's 8=^ 

.   St.  Peter's loS 


cm  NC//E.S   inil'liESENTED. 


.STATK. 

Massachusetts 


Michigan 


Minnesota 

Missouri 
Nebraska 
New  llainp 


New  Jersey 


New  Vo 


rk 


tiTY.  CHURCH. 

IJrooklinc  .      .      .      .St.  Paul's 

Boston Advent 

Christ 

St.  Andrew's      .... 

St.   Paul's 

•'        Trinity 

Cambridge      .      .     .  Christ 

Lynn St.  Stephen's     .... 

Marblehead     .     .      .   St.  Michael's      .... 

Mattapan    ....   Holy  Spirit 

Newton       ....  Grace 

Worcester  ....   All  Saints' 

Ann  Arbor      .     .     .   Ilobart  Hall 

" St.  Andrew's     .... 

Detroit St.  John's 

Minneapolis   .      .     .  Gethsemane 

St.  Paul      ....   St.  Paul's 

St.  Louis    ....   Christ  Church  Cathedral 

Omaha Trinity  Cathedral 

Conconi  .     .St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul    . 

Hanover     .     .      .     .St.  Thomas' 

Portsnioutli      .      .     .    Christ 

liurliui^ton      .     .     .St.  Mary's 

Elizabeth    ....   Christ  ." 

Morristown     .      .      .St.  Peter's 

Albany All  Saint's  Cathedral 

"    ■ St.  Peter's 

Astoria Redeemer 

]?rooklyn    .      .      .      .St.  ;\nn's 

Burtaio" Good  Shepherd      .      .      . 

St.  Paul's  Cathednil  .      . 

Cohoes St.  John's 

Garden  Cit\  .   Cath.  of  the  Incarnation 

Herkimer   ....   Christ 

Newburgb .  .     .   St.  George's       .... 

New  York  ....   Cahary 

" Grace 

" Holy  Spirit 

" Holy  Trinity     .... 

St.  .Augustine's 

'■ St.  George's      .... 

St.  James" 

St.  Thomas'       .... 

Transfiguration 

Trinity 

Ogdensburg   .      .      .St.  John's 

Olean     .     .     .      .     .St.  Stephen's     .... 

Oswego       ....   Christ 

Portchester     .      .      .St.  Peter's 

Poughkeepsie  .   Christ 

Rochester  ....   Christ 

'• St.  Luke's 

Saratoga  Springs     .   Hethesda 

Schenectady   .     .     .St.  (ieorge's       .... 
Troy St.  Joiin's 


•.\GE 
IV 

i7.i 

■?7 

170 

Y> 
190 

16 
212 
146 
164 
1^3 

97 
-o.S 

88 

-59 
-43 

1 68 

194 

77 

80 

--9 

-'73 

91 

1 10 
-19 

->1 

^.36 

45 

'3- 

6 1 

•93 
106 

179 

13S 

JOJ 

»-9 
63 

■  57 
\\\ 


^1 
-'7 
-•3 
-34 

54 

JIG 
31 

S6 


CHURCHES   REPRESENTED. 


STATE. 

New  York .     . 
North  Carolina 
Ohio      . 


Oregon  . 
Pennsylvania 


Rhode  Isla 


Texas  . 
Utah  .  . 
Verniont 
Virginia 


Wisconsin 


nd 


CITY. 

Utica      .     . 
Raleigh 
Cincinnati 
Cleveland  . 
Toledo  .     .     . 
Portland     . 
South  Bethlehem 
Brjn  Mawr 
Bustleton    . 
Danville 
Frankibrd  . 
Germantown  . 
Gettysburg 
Lebanon     . 
Mauch  Chunk 
Philadelphia  . 


(Frankibrd) 
("Germ 'town) 

'  (West) 


Pittsburg  . 
Rad  nor  .  . 
Towanda  . 
Wilkes  Ban 
Newport  . 
Providence 


Wick  ford    . 
San  Antonio 
Salt  Lake  Cit 
Bellows  Fall 
Alexandria 
Jamestown 


Norfolk       . 
Sniithfield . 
White  House 
Fond  du  Lr.c 
Milwaukee 


Grace 94 

Christ 82 

St.  Paul's 71 

St.  Paul's 162 

Trinity 103 

Trinity 225 

Packer  Memorial 216 

Redeemer 1S6 

St.  Luke's 96 

Christ 188 

St.  Mark's 65 

St.  Luke's 160 

Prince  of  Peace 227 

St.  Luke's 182 

St.  Mark's 118 

Advocate 2t,t^ 

Christ 25 

Gloria  Dei 13 

Incarnation 127 

St.  Clement's 88 

James' 137 

Mark's 65 

Luke's 160 

Mary's 141 

Peter's 33 

Stephen's 49 

Trinity 143 

St.  David's 19 

Christ 237 

St.  Stephen's 195 

'Jrinity 23 

All  Saints' 1 16 

St.  Stephen's 99 

St.  Paul's Is 

St.  Mark's 148 

St.  Mark's  Cathedral  .      ...  247 

Immanuel 107 

Christ  Church 37 

F^irst  Church  in  \'a 10 

Ruins 10 

St.  Paul's 28 

St.  Luke's II 

St.  Peter's 14 

St.  Paul's  Cathedral  ....  263 

St.  Paul's 207 


St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 
St. 


ARCHITECTS    MENTIONED. 

Hkown,  a.  I* I'ortclustci,  \.  ^'.,  .S7.  I'tt.i's 21; 

Hkown,  a.  I* Saralona  Sprinjj.s,  \.  \ .,  Uethesdu 310 

lU  HNS,  t  iiAUl.iis  M.,  Ir Jirvn  Mawr,  1^1.,  The  lifJeemer 1S6 

lU'KNs,  tiiAiu.KS  M.,lr I'li'iladclphia,  I'a.,  Thf  Advocate 233 

lU'KNs,  tiiAKLES  M.,  Jr Wilkcs-Harrc,  I'a.,  .S7.  .S'/f/'/KV/'.? li;5 

Carson  (Dixon  &  Carson) \Vasliinj;toii,  O.  C.,  The  Ascension 157 

Cl.AKK,  II.  I' Kcnncbiink,  Mc,  .S7.  Ann's 21S 

CoNDiT,  C.  II Annaj)olis,  Mil.,  SI.  Ann's 90 

CoNCDoN,  IIknky  M Danville,  Pa.,  Christ 18S 

CoNGDON,  IIknkv  M Geruiantown,  I'a.,  St.  Luke's 160 

CoNr.iioN,  IIknkv  M Portsmouth,  N.  II.,  Christ 194 

CoNGijoN,  Henkv  M Topeka,  Kan.,  Grace  Church  Cathedral      .     .     .  265 

CoNGDoN,  IIenkv  M Lebanon,  Pa.,  .SV.  Luke's 182 

Ckam,  a.  H Detroit,  Mich.,  St.  John's 97 

Dixon  &  Cakson Washington,  D.  C,  The  Ascension 157 

Dkkssek,  Henry Springfield,  111,,  St.  Paul's  Pro-Cathedral      .     .  252 

Karle  A:  I-'i'r.LER Worcester,  Mass.,  yill  Sainl.<:' 164 

E1DI.ITZ,  Leopold New  York.  N.  Y.,  St.  George's  Memorial  House  140 

KiDl.iTZ,  I,fc.oi'Oi.D St.  Louis.  Mo.,  Christ  Church  Cathedral   ...  259 

EsTV,  A.  K Newton,  Mass.,  Grace 146 

(iEitqyiKK,  T.  Buckler Baltimore,  Md.,  .SV. /'.ftt/V 85 

GlnsoN,  U.  W Albany,  N.  Y.,  All  Saints'  Cathedral     ....  273 

Gibson,  H.  W Vi\xVi:\\c,,fi.\ .,  St.  Pauls  Cathedral 271 

Gibson,  K.  W Herkimer,  X.  Y.,  Christ 236 

C.insoN,  K.  W Olean,  .N.  Y.,  Si.  Stephen's 230 

Gibson,  U.  W Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Christ 234 

Haight,  C.  C New  York,  X.  Y.,  .SV.  Thomas' 129 

Haigiit,  C.  C Vox\.\MvS,'^\\i.,  .St.  Luke's  Cathedral 249 

Hai:kison,  II.  G Omaha,  Neb.,  Trinity  Cathedral 243 

Harrison,  Peter Boston,  Mass.,  King's  Chapel 35 

Harrison,  Peter Cambridge,  Mass.,  Christ 35 

Harrison,  Peter Newport,  K.  I.,  Trinity 23 

HliTON,  Addison South  Bethlehem,  Pa., "/V/rX-c/- J/./ho^vw/     .     .     .  21(5 

loRDAN  i\r  Anderson Detroit,  Midi..  .S7.  yo//«'.« 97 

I.atrobe,  B.  H Washington,  D.  C,  St.  John's 42 

Littell,  KmlenT Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.,  St.  fohn's 133 

Llovd  &  Pearce Cleveland,  Ohio,  .SV.  Paul's 162 

Li.ovdA:  Pearce Denver,  Col.,  .SV.  John's  Cathedral 254 

Mc  Kim,  Mead  &  White Morristown,  N.  J.,  .SV.  P(7«/"5 229 

Miller,  C.C Toledo,  Ohio,  Trinity 103 

Mix,  E.J. ,&  Co Milwaukee,  Wis.,  .SV.  7'<;«/V- 207 

Notman,  Mr Wilmington,  Del.,  .SV.  John's 123 

Pierce  &  Dockstader Towanda,  Pa.,  Christ 237 

Potter,  Kdward  T D:\vcn\ton,  low.i,  Davenport  Cathedral      ...  241 

Potter,  Edward  T Providence,  R.  I.,  , I// .SV?/;;/.*' 117 

Potter,  William  A.   .......  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  Christ 213 

Richards,  Prof.  T.  W West  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  .SV.  y»/ar>'V 141 

Richardson,  Henry  II Boston,  Mass,  Trinity 170 

Robinson,  R.  H New  York,  N.  Y.,  The  Holy  Spirit    ....".  193 

RoTCii  &  TiLDEN . Mattapan,  Mass.,  The  Holy  Spirit 212 

Sciii'VLKR,  R.  L Jacksonville,  Kla.,  .SV.  Andrew's 221 

Strickland,  William Philadelphia,  Pa.,  .SV.  Stephen's 4C1 

Stl'r<;is,  yoHN  H.     .     . Boston,  Mass.,  Advent ly'i 

Cl-joHN,  i{.  M.,  &  Co Albany,  N.  Y.,  St.  Peter's 91 

I'pjoiiN,  R.,  &  Son Bellows  Falls,  V^t.,  Immanuel 107 

I'l'jOHN,  R.,  &  Son Bustleton,  Pa.,  Memorial  St.  Luke 90 

I'PJOIIN,  Richard Elizabeth,  N.  j..  Christ So 

I'pjoHN,  Richard Maucli  Chunk",  Pa.,  .SV.  J/arX-V 118 

I'pjoHN,  Richard Brookline,  Mass.,  .SV.  /"(jw/'i 76 

rpjoiiN,  Richard New  York,  N.  Y.,  St.  Thomas' 129 

L/pjoHN,  Richard Providence,  R.  I.,  .SV.  .SV<///<-«',5 99 

I'pjoiiN,  Richard Raleigh,  N.  C,  (7/r/.v/ S3 

Upjohn,  Ru  HARD San  Antonio,  Tex.,  .SV.  J/<j/-/'.« 14S 

Upjohn,  R.  M Uiica,  N.  Y.,  Grace 94 

I'pjOHN,  R.  M Cohoes,  N.  Y.,  .SV.  John's 136 

\\are  &  Van  Brunt Lynn,  Mass.,  St.  Stephen's 190 

\'aic;h  AN,  Henry Concord,  >i.  II.,  St.  Peter's  J- St.  Paul's  Chapel.  222 

WhNTWORTH,  William  P Newton,  Mass.,  Grace  Parish  Jfouse      ....  146 

\\'itmeks.   Frederick  C Hanover,  N.  IL,  .SV.  Thomas' itvS 

Wrin,  James .Mex.iiulria,  \'a.,  Christ 3: 


'"r^HE  organization  known  now  as  "The  Prot- 
J-  estant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United 
States  "  owes  its  origin  to  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land. Church  and  State  went  hand  in  hand  in 
efforts  at  discovery  and  settlement  in  this  new 
continent.  John  Cabot,  an  English  explorer,  was 
accompanied  in  his  ship  "Matthew"  by  a  chap- 
lain of  the  English  Church.  Later  exploring 
expeditions,  led  by  others,  included  among  their 
numbers  the  ministers  of  religion.  One  pro- 
vision in  the  earliest  charters  and  grants  was 
that  efforts  should  be  made  for  the  conversion 
of  the  Indians,  and  for  the  establishment  of  the 
Christian  Faith  in  the  New  World,  after  the  manner 
of  the  English  Church.  The  earliest  buildings  for  the  religious  uses 
}  of  English  Churchmen,  of  which  we  have  any  record,  were  the  one 
\  erected  on  Roanoke  Island  in  Virginia,  and  the  other  at  Sagadahoc  at 
the  mouth  of  the  Kennebec  River  in  Maine.  The  date  of  Raleigh's 
settlement  on  Roanoke  Island  was  1585.  The  colonists  erected  a  fort  and 
a  tillage;  but  these  crumbled  to  decay  many  vears  ago,  and  nothing  remains 
now  but  the  traces  of  the  old  intrenchments. 

9 


lO 


A/A(J'S   J/AXDMOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CJILRCl/ES. 


The  Popham  coli)iiists  on  the  coast  of  Maine  in  1607,  we  are  told, 
"erected  five  houses,  a  Church,  and  a  storehouse;"'  but  the  colony  did  not 
become  permanent. 

The  first  permanent  settlement  made  by  English  colonists  on  these  shores 
was  at  Jamestown,  fifty  miles  above  the  mouth  of  the  James  River,  Virginia, 
in  1607.  The  settlers  brought  out  with  them  the  Rev.  Robert  Hunt,  who 
had  been  the  rector  of  Reculver  in  the  county  of  Kent,  England.  He  was 
spoken  of  by  Capt.  John  Smith  as  "an  honest,  religious,  and  courageous 
divine,  during  whose  life  our  factions  were  oft  qualified,  our  wants  and 
greatest  extremities  so  comforted,  that  they  seemed  easy  in  comparison  of 
what  we  endured  after  his  memorable  death."' 


THE  FIRST  CHURCH  STRUCTURE  of  the  Jamestown  Colonists 
is  thus  descril)ed  by  an  old  document  of  the  time  :  "  When   I   first  went  to 

Virginia,"'  says  the  chronicler,  *'  I 
well  remember  we  did  hang  an 
awning,  an  old  sail,  to  three  or 
four  trees  to  shadow  us  from  the 
sun  ;  our  walls  were  rails  of  wood, 
our  seats  unhewed  planks  until  we 
cut  planks,  our  pulpit  a  bar  of  wood 
nailed  to  two  neighboring,  trees. 
This  was  our  Church  till  we  built 
a  homely  thing  like  a  barn,  set  upon 
crotchets,  covered  with  rafts,  sedges 
and  earth,  so  were  also  the  walls. 
Yet  we  had  daily  Common  Prayer 
morning  and  evening,  every  Sun- 
day two  sermons,  and  every  three 
montiis  tiie  Moly  Communion,  till 
our  .Minister  (lied.  Ikit  our  Prayers 
daily,  with  an  Homily  on  Sundays, 
we  continued  two  or  three  years 
after  till  more  Preachers  came."  The  view  above  given  is  of  the  ruins  of  a 
later  brick  structure,  which  was  built  on  or  near  the  site  of  the  first  Church. 
The  picture  is.  taken  from  a  recent  photograpli,  and  shows  the  condition  of 
the  ruins  at  this  time. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Philip  Slaughter,  the  historiographer  of  the  Diocese  of 
Virginia,  remarks,  "The  picturesque  ruin  at  Jamestown  marks  the  site 
of  the  first  fort,  the  first  town,  the  first  Church,  and  the  scene  of  the  first 
Legislature,  the  first  baptism,  the  first  Holy  Communion,  and  the  first  mar- 
riage in  the  first  colony  permanently  planted  by  the  Englishmen  on  the 
continent  of  .America." 


Rum   at  Jamestown,  Va. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


II 


This  brick  Church,  on  or  near  the  site  of  the  one  in  which  Robert  Hunt 
officiated,  was  begun  in  1640,  and  was  the  first  brick  Church  in  Virginia. 
"  To-day,"  as  one  sa3S,  "the  river  is  nearing  the  ruin,  and  soon  the  metrop- 
ohs  of  the  ancient  Colony  and  Dominion  of  Virginia  will  live  only  in  story 
and  song." 


ST.  LUKE'S    CHURCH,  Smithfield,  Va.,  is,  with  one  exception,  the 
oldest  religious  edifice  on  this   continent.     There  is  an  old  adobe  Roman- 
Catholic   Cathedral  at  Santa  Fe  which  is  older,  but 
here  is  the    oldest    Protestant    Church  m    North 
America.      It  dates  back  to  1632,  and  is  con 
structed  chiefly  of  brick.     In  a  description 
given  in  "  The  American  Magazine  '  foi 
February,  1888,  Mary 
Gay  Humphreys  says, 
'■  The   Church  stands 
in  the  centre  of  a  ro- 
mantic grove  of  oaks, 
walnuts,    and     syca- 
mores, like  a  faithful 
guardian  over  the  si- 
lent population  sleep- 
ing at  its  feet.     The 
tower    is     dispropor- 
tioned  to  the  nave  in 
its    massiveness    and 
strength,     except     in 
the    rear,    where    the 
peaked    roof     climbs 
up    half     its     height, 
taking  off   somewhat 
from  the  size  of   the 
tower.  Its  dimensions 
are  fifty  feet  high  and 

nineteen  feet  square,  the  walls  being  two  and  one-half  feet  thick  at  the 
base,  losing  as  they  ascend.  It  is  entered  by  a  round-arched  opening. 
Two  round  port-holes  on  either  side  add  to  its  fortified  aspect.  Above  was 
the  old  vestry-room  lighted  by  double  lancet  windows.  Still  above  were 
lookouts  of  similar  form  and  crowned  by  a  weather-vane. 

"The  nave  is  buttressed  between  the  double  windows,  and  the  buttresses 
retire  in  two  divisions  marked  bv  steps.  The  glory  of  the  Church  is  its 
great  east  window,  twelve  by  eighteen  feet,  crowned  by  a  semicircular  arch 


St.  Luke's  Church,  Smithfield,  Va. 


12 


A'/ AC'S   llAXDBOOK   OF  EJ'ISCOrAI.    C//C'A'C//ES. 


and  subdivided  by  l)rick  moulding  into  two  sections.  Tlie  window  was 
originally  filled  with  stained  glass  representing  scriptural  subjects,  but  at  a 
later  period  was  all  bricked  with  the  exception  of  two  lights.  But  this 
cannot  hide  its  beauty  of  proportion,  nor  prevent  us  from  imagining  what  it 
must  have  been  to  the  Church." 

"  Notwithstanding  the  assaults  of  man  and  of  time,  the  old  Church  still 
stands  with  its  sturdy  tower  an  enduring  monument  of  the  stout-hearted 
men  who  reared  it." 

A  movement  lias 
been  started  by  the 
Rev.  David  Harr,the 
rector  of  the  parish, 
for  its  restoration; 
and  ere  long  old  St. 
Luke's  will  be  re- 
trieved from  the 
desolation     into 


Old  Swedes',  Wilmington,  Del 


which  it  has  fallen.  Its  windows 
will  receive  memorials  of  the  de- 
parted worthies  ul  the  faith,  and  tablets  will  recite  the  chapters  of  its 
long  history.  Order  and  beauty  will  be  brought  liack  out  of  long  neglect; 
and  not  only  to  Episcopalians,  but  to  all  I'rotestant  Christians,  this  the 
oldest  monument  of  tlieir  religion  will  become  an  object  of  interest. 


OLD  SWEDES'  (TRINITY)  CHURCH,  Wilmington.  Del.  — Two 
old  Churches  erected  originally  by  .Swedish  congregations  became,  after  the 
Swedish  language  was  disused  in  later  years,  identified  with  the  Episcopal 
Church,  and  are  now  used  by  congregations  in  communion  with  this 
faith. 

The  first  of  these  is  in  Wilmington,  Del.  Its  corner-stone  was  laid 
on  the  28th  of  May,  1698.  and  it  was  formally  set  apart  for  its  sacred  uses 
on  Trinity  Sunday.  1699. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 3 

However  prominent  the  Swedes  were  in  Wilmington  at  one  time,  nothing 
of  the  Swedish  life  remains  now  but  this  old  Church.  The  building  which 
cost  ^91  to  build,  and  one  year  to  complete,  has  lasted  for  nearly  two  hun- 
dred years  in  almost  as  perfect  condition  as  when  first  erected.  Some  of 
the  Swedes  who  were  too  poor  to  contribute  ready  money  assisted  in  the 
erection  of  the  Church,  and  tradition  speaks  of  the  women  carrying  mortar 
in  their  aprons  to  help  the  men.  Some  additions  were  made  to  the  build- 
ing in  1762,  but  it  stands  now  essentially  the  original  Church. 

In  old  times  the  Church  stood  outside  the  borders  of  the  town  of  Wil- 
mington, in  an  open  meadow  that  sloped  gently  to  the  Christiana  River. 
Now  it  is  on  a  little  rise  of  ground,  the  surrounding  territory  having  been 
lowered,  and  looks  down  upon  the  railroad  that  runs  around  the  foot  of  the 
graveyard.  It  seems,  as  it  were,  to  draw  itself  together  from  contact  with 
the  surrounding  houses  that  crowd  up  to  the  very  edge  of  the  churchyard. 
Around  it  are  many  ancient  graves,  some  of  them  antedating  the  building 
of  the  Church.  It  is  here,  too,  that  Peter  Minuit,  the  Swedish  governor, 
lies  buried. 

GLORIA  DEI,  Philadelphia.  —  Another  old  Swedish  Church,  now  an 
Episcopal  Church,  was  originally  known  as  the  "  Church  at  Wicaco.''  Before 
the  construction  of  this  brick  building,  services  had  been  held  for  fourteen 
years  by  the  Rev.  John  Fabritius,  a  Swedish  minister,  in  a  log  building. 
For  nine  of  these  years  the  minister  was  totally  blind.  After  his  return 
home,  three  other  Swedish  ministers  to  the  Swedish  colonists  on  the  Dela- 
ware were  sent  out ;  and  on  the  first  Sunday  after  Trinity,  1700,  this  new 
Church  was  dedicated  to  the  service  of  God. 

"  The  old  Church  stood  upon  a  green  bank  of  the  quiet  river,"  says 
R.  H.  Davis ;  "  and  on  Sunday  mornings  the  men  came  tramping  on  foot 
beside  the  women's  horses  from  Kingsessing,  Passajungh,  and  even  far- 
away Matzough,  hanging  their  muddied  outer  leggings  or  skirts  of  wolf- 
skin on  the  branches  of  the  trees  before  they  went  in." 

"  Now  and  then  a  pirogue  brought  a  chance  worshipper  up  the  lonely  river, 
or  a  solitary  Indian  stood  in  the  doorway,  half  believing  and  wholly  afraid. 

"  Now  the  little  Church  is  crowded  out  of  sight  on  the  wharves  of  one  of 
the  world's  great  harbors,  and  its  feeble  Te  Deum  is  often  silenced  by  the 
cannon  of  incoming  steamers. 

"  The  Church  itself  was  built  in  a  fervor  of  pious  zeal ;  carpenters  and 
masons  giving  their  work,  and  the  good  pastor  selling  or  pawning  the  best 
articles  out  of  his  house  when  money  did  not  come  in  fast  enough,  and 
carrying  the  hod  every  day  himself." 

The  main  body  of  the  building  is  unaltered  to  the  present  day.  The 
tablets    in    the    chancel    record    the  sacrifices  and  sufferings  of  the  early 


14 


A'/A'G'.S   IfAXnnOOK   OF  EP/SCOPAl.    Cin'RCHES. 


missionaries  who  sleep  below,  and  the  gilt  cherubs  in  the  choir  sent  out  from 
Sweden  still  sustain  the  open  Bible,  with  the  significant  inscription:  "The 
people  who  sat  in  darkness  have  seen  a  great  light." 

Wilson,  the  ornithologist,  worshipped  here,  and    is    buried    in    its    little 
cemetery.     He  begged  to  be  buried  here  because  it  was  a  silent,  shady  place, 
where  the  birds  would  be  apt  to  come  and  sing  over  his  grave.     Here  also  lie 
.-^     buried   the   remains   of    Hannah,   wife    of    the    Rev.    Nicholas 
Collin,   the  last  of    the    Swedish    mission- 
aries,   whose   epitaph    written    by   her 
husband,  runs  :  "In  memory  of  her 
piety,  neatness,  and  economy,  and 
of   the  gentleness  of   the  affec- 
tion with  which  she  sustained 
him    througii    many    trying 
years,    and    of    his    grief 
for  her  which  shall  not 
cease    until    he    shall 
meet    her    i  n    the 
,li  land    of    the  liv- 

ing."   The    great 
bcech-wodd     trees 
which    once     sur- 
rounded the  Churcii 
have      disappeared, 
and   the   Church   is 
surrounded     now 
with    the  graves  of 
those  who   worshipped    within    its    walls.     The    parish    is    actively    useful 
among  the  descendants  of  the  Swedes  and  the  neighborhood  people,  under 
the  leadership  of  its  present  rector,  the  Rev.  Snyder  B.  Simes. 


Gloria  Dei,  or  Old  Swedes',  Philadelphia. 


ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH,  White  House,  Va.,  is  spoken  of  in  American 
history  as  the  Ciiurch  in  which  Washington  was  married.  About  fortv 
miles  from  Richmond,  on  the  Pamunky  River,  is  an  estate  of  many  acres  still 
known  as  "  the  Wasliington  estate,"  from  the  facts  that  Washington  came  into 
possession  of  it  by  his  marriage  with  Mrs.  Martha  Custis,  and  that  he  lived 
there  at  the  "  Wliite  House  "  for  a  short  time  after  his  marriage,  before  he 
removed  to  Mount  Vernon. 

The  name,  the  "White  House,"  was  given  to  the  region  around,  the 
building  being  a  landmark.  During  the  civil  war  of  1S61-65,  the  "White 
House"  district  was  the  scene  of  important  military  movements. 

St.    Peter's  Church    is  three  miles  distant  from  the  old  White   House. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


>5 


Before  the  altar  of  this  Church,  Washington  plighted  his  troth  to  the  young 
widow  Custis.     Says  Mr.  F.  S.  Daniel,  — 

"The  Church  was  built  in  1703,  at  a  cost  of  146,000  weight  of  tobacco, 
then  the  currency  of  the  locality.  Its  steeple  was  put  up  twelve  years 
afterward. 

"  Both  on  account  of  its  record,  and  its  simple,  pleasing  Old  English 
architecture,  it  is  the  most  attractive  colonial  church  still  standing  in  \'ir- 
ginia.  It  is  built  in  the  form  of  a  parallelogram,  with  tower  and  surmount- 
ing steeple  connecting  at  one  end 
with  the  body  of  the  edifice,  all  ^ 
the  proportions,  fineh  haimonizm. 
The  walls  of  red 
bricks  are  three 
feet  thick;  the 
windows  are  small 
with  rounded  tops  ; 
the  tower  is  quite 
large  with  four 
rising  proj  e  c- 
tions,  capped  with 
spheres,  and  is  sur- 
mounted with  a 
low  steeple,  hold- 
ing on  its  extremity 
the  cross-keys  of 
St.  Peter  as  a 
weather-vane." 

Following  is  the  traditional  account  of  Washington's  wedding  :  Wash- 
ington and  Mrs.  Custis  rode  to  the  Church  in  a  gorgeous  chariot,  and  the 
invited  persons  followed  them  in  vehicles  of  various  shapes.  When  they 
stood  up  before  the  minister  to  be  married,  Washington  towered  beside  his 
betrothed,  who  looked  unusually  small  and  low  in  stature  ;  and  the  difference 
was  remarked  by  all  who  were  present.  Washington  was  in  uniform,  and 
Mrs.  Custis  was  arrayed  in  a  fine  white-silk  dress.  As  they  came  out  of 
the  Church,  the  newly  united  couple  had  a  joyful  appearance,  Washington 
himself  smiling  upon  and  chatting  with  several  of  the  attendants. 

All  the  servants  on  the  White  House  estate  were  given  a  holiday,  and  all 
in  holiday  attire  joined  in  the  general  merry-making  that  followed. 


St.  Peter's  Church,  White  House,  Va. 


ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  near  Wickford,  R.I.,  also  known  as  "  The  Old 
Narragansett  Church,"  is  an  old  building  still  standing,  although  not  in  regular 
use.     Occasional  services  are  held  in  it.  and  it  is  carefully  kept  from  decay. 


1 6 


A/.\(,.\    //.I.\/)A'(>(JA     (>/■    Er/SCO]\ll.    CHURCHES. 


It  was  erected  on  a  site  five  miles  from  where  it  now  stands,  and  was  moved 
to  the  present  spot  in  1800.  The  date  of  its  erection  was  1707.  The  chan- 
cel, which  was  originally  eastward,  was  removed  at  a  later  time  to  the  north 
side,  where  the  pulpit  and  reading-desk  stood.  There  was  originally  a  gallery 
around  three  sides  of  the  interior,  and  the  seats  were  clumsy  and  uncom- 
fortable. 

Says  the  Rev.  D.  Goodwin:  "On  a  bright  .Sunday  150  years  ago  this 
quaint  Church  must  have  been  the  centre  of  a  scene  most  pleasant  to  behold, 
and  of  a  character  of  which  the  memory  has  almost  van- 
ished. There  were  then  no  carriages  of  any  consequence 
owned  in  Narragansett,  the  narrow  roads  being  little  fitted 
to  their  use ;  and  almost  every  one  depended  upon  the 
saddle  as  a  means  of  conveyance.  Gay  cavaliers  in  scarlet 
coats  escort  richly  dressed  dames,  and  in  the  gallery  are 
groups  of  ebony-skinned  servants.  .  .  .  The  old  Church 
has  now  become  a  shrine,  whither  the  eager  feet  of  manv 
a  pious  pilgrim  are  wont  to  hasten.  It  bids  fair  to  stand 
for  half  a  century,  or  even  a  cen- 
tury, longer,  as  a  witness  of  the 
zeal  of  the  fathers  for  the  worship 
of  the  living  (lod.''  Bishop  Clarke 
says,"  Several  distinguished 
clergymen  officiated  there  from 
time  to  time.  Among  them  may 
be  m  e  n  t  ioned  Dr.  McSparren, 
author  of  a  book  on  the  Colonies 
entitled  '  America  Dissected  ;  '  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Fayerweather,  who  died 
in  17S1  :  and  the  Rev.  William 
Smith,  from  whose  pen  we  have 
the  Office  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  for  the  Institution  of  Ministers 
into  Parishes  and  Churches,  and  who  perhaps  did  more  than  any  one  else 
to  introduce  cliantin<r  into  the  services." 


Sx.   Paul  s  Cnurcn,  Wickford,  R.I. 


ST.  MICHAEL'S  CHURCH,  Marblehead,  Mass. —  "  The  sacred  memo- 
ries of  one  hundred  and  seventy-four  years  cluster  around  this  ancient  house 
of  prayer." 

All  the  materials  used  in  the  original  fabric  came  from  England.  The 
records  contain  no  information  as  to  the  organization  of  the  parish  ;  but 
occasional,  if  not  regular,  services  were  held  in  Marblehead  several  years 
before  the  erection  of  this  building.  On  the  2d  of  September,  1714,  the 
framework  of  this  structure  was  put  in  place:  and  from  the  20th  of  July, 


A'/AG'S   HANDIWOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


17 


171 5,  onward  to  the  present,  with  tlie  exception  of  periods  of  public  excite- 
ment attending  the  Revolution,  the  doors  of  the  old  Church  have  been 
opened  for  religious  services  on  every  Lord's  Day. 

"  The  bell  in  the  steeple  has  called  the  loyal  sons  of  old  ?kJarblehead  to 
prayer  in  each  decade  in  the  tide  of  years,  and  the  building  has  become 
endeared  to  them  all  as  the  revered  sanctuary  of  their  fathers." 

The  original  architecture  of  the  Church  was  simple  and  pleasing,  but 
some  of  the  later  attempts  at  improving  it  were  not  very  successful.     The 


St.  Michael's  Church,   Marblehead,  Mass. 


last  effort,  just  completed,  has  made  the  interior  so  attractive  that  there  are 
few  old  Churches  in  the  land  that  are  so  beautiful  within,  while  being  so 
quaint  without. 

On  the  afternoon  of  April  18,  1SS8,  a  very  large  gathering,  including 
representatives  of  old  families  and  members  of  the  Legislature  of  the  State, 
assembled  to  take  part  in  "  the  exercises  commemorating  its  restoration." 
The  rector,  the  Rev.  John  L.  Egbert,  presided,  and  made  an  address  in 
which   he  said,  "  Thousands  have  visited  this  old  fane  from  time  to  time, 


IS  A/XG's  iiA.\niu)OK-  or  i:r/scoi'Ai.  churches. 

curious  to  luarn  somelhiiig  t>f  its  liistory,  or  simply  to  stand  witliin  tliest: 
time-honored  walls,  where  prayer  and  praise  have  ascended  from  earnest  and 
loving  hearts  to  the  Father  of  all  for  nearly  a  century  and  three-quarters. 
To-day  we  make  another  most  interesting  epoch  in  its  history  by  assembling 
here  to  commemorate  its  handsome  restoration  and  preservation.  In  this 
great  work  more  than  three  hundred  persons,  living  here  in  Marblehead  and 
in  various  parts  of  the  country,  have  given  liberally  and  cheerfully  towards 
its  accomplishment.  It  will  add  greatly  to  its  history  in  years  to  come,  that 
the  members  of  the  Senate  of  Massachusetts  of  tSS.S  came  to-day  to  present 
a  stained-glass  window  to  the  parish,  thus  honoring  this  parish  as  no  other 
was  ever  honored  before  in  this  country."  After  the  rector's  address,  the 
Hon.  H.  J.  Boardman,  President  of  the  Massachusetts  Senate,  made  an  ad- 
dress, formally  presenting  the  beautiful  window  called  "  The  Senate  Win- 
dow," representing  Moses  giving  the  Law  on  Sinai.  In  his  address  he  said, 
"  It  is  remarkable  that  to-day  Massachusetts  senators,  largely  descendants 
of  the  Puritans,  have  assembled  to  pay  their  homage  and  tribute  to  the  iden- 
tical temple  their  forefathers  denounced  and  opi^osed.  We  can  do  little  more 
than  repeat  that  the  times  have  changed,  and  we  have  changed  with  them. 
The  spirit  of  toleration  has  kept  pace  with  the  development  of  civilization 
and  progress."" 

The  historical  address  was  delivered  by  tiie  Hon.  Samuel  Roads,  jun., 
in  which  the  origin  and  progress  of  the  parish  were  minutely  recounted  in  a 
most  interesting  manner.  The  petition  for  a  minister  sent  in  1714  recited 
that  "the  town  of  Marblehead,  next  to  Boston,  is  the  greatest  place  of  trade 
and  commerce  within  this  province,  daily  adding  to  its  numbers  persons 
chiefly  of  the  Church  of  England  ;  and  by  the  blessing  of  God  we  have  a 
certain  i)rospect  that  the  Church  here  will  be  every  day  increased,  and  flour- 
ish more  and  more.""  In  response  to  this  petition,  the  Rev.  William  Shaw 
was  sent  here  as  the  first  rector,  and  began  his  duties  July  20,  1715.  At  the 
time  of  the  Revolution  the  rector  was  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks,  who,  being  a 
decided  loyalist,  advised  his  people  to  have  nothing  to  do  with  the  "  rebel- 
lion."' Despite  the  remonstrances  of  manv  of  his  congregation,  he  continued 
to  declare  his  sentiments  publicly  ;  and  as  a  »result  the  hostility  to  the 
Church  grew  strong  and  bitter,  for  the  people  of  Marblehead  were  patriotic, 
and  were  willing  to  sacrifice  life  and  property  in  the  great  struggle  for  inde- 
pendence. Finally  the  Church  was  closed.  When  the  news  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence  was  received,  a  body  of  men  entered  St.  Michael's,  tore 
down  the  royal  coat-of-arms  from  the  walls,  and  rang  the  bell  until  it  cracked. 
The  rector,  after  holding  services  in  private  houses  for  a  time,  went  to  N'ova 
Scotia.  During  this  trying  period,  manv  of  the  parishioners  became  noted 
for  their  devotion  to  the  Church.  One  of  them,  fearing  that  eventually  all 
the  Praver  Books  would  be  destroyed,  copied  the  entire  volume  with  his  own 


A'/iVG'S   HAA'DBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


19 


hand.  The  Churcli  was  not  re-opened  until  1780,  when  Mr.  Woodward 
Abraham  read  service  and  prayers.  Tliis  he  continued  for  six  years. 
Among  the  rectors  were  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  Harris  and  his  grandson  the 
Rev.  William  R.  Harris.  The  former  served  for  eleven  years  from  1791, 
and  then  became  president  of  Columbia  College,  New  York.  His  grandson 
was  rector  from  1878  to  1886.  Bishop  Smith  was  rector  for  a  vear,  and 
Bishop  Henshaw  for  four  years.  The  Rev.  Julius  H.  Ward,  well  known  as 
a  writer  and  editor,  served  the  parish  for  three  years. 

The  interior  of  the  new,  handsomely  decorated  and  refitted  Church  has  a 
number  of  objects  of  interest.  Among  them  is  the  chandelier,  about  two 
hundred  years  old.  and  some  memorial  and  gift  windows.  One  window  of 
Venetian  and  an- 
tique glass  is  in 
memory  of  Mrs. 
Thomas  Apple- 
ton.  It  represents 
Dorcas  giving 
garments  to  the 
poor.  Another, 
the  Ascension 
window,  is  in 
memory  of  Wil- 
liam Haskell  and 
wife.  The  Sen- 
ate window  has 
been  before  de- 
scribed.      The 

Parish  window  represents  St.  Michael  casting  out  Satan.  It  is  a  memorial 
of  Thomas  Evans,  a  former  warden.  The  Good-Shepherd  window  is  the 
gift  of  the  Sunday  school.  The  recent  changes  and  renewals  cost  about 
S5,ooo,  and  the  building  to-day  has  not  only  its  antiquitv  but  its  comeliness 
to  make  it  attractive  to  its  own  people  and  to  strangers. 


St.   David's,   Radnor,   Penn. 


ST.  DAVID'S  CHURCH,  Radnor,  Penn.,  has  been  made  known  far 
beyond  its  own  neighborhood  by  the  poet  Longfellow  in  his  poem  "  Old  St. 
David's  at  Radnor."  Relating  the  story  of  the  poem,  he  says,  "  One  day  i 
drove  over  to  Radnor.  Old  St.  David's  Church,  with  its  charming  and  pictur- 
esque surroundings,  attracted  my  attention.  Its  diminutive  size,  peculiar 
architecture,  the  little  rectory  in  the  grove,  the  quaint  churchyard  where  Mad 
Anthony  Wayne  is  buried,  the  great  tree  which  stands  at  the  gateway,  and 
the  pile  of  gray  stones  which  makes  the  old  church,  and  is  almost  hidden  by 
the  climbing  ivy,  all  combine  to  make  it  a  gem  for  a  fancy  picture." 


20  A-/.\G\S   JIAXDIWOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIILRCHES. 


OLD    ST.    DAVIDS    A 1     RADNOR. 

What  an  image  of  peace  and  rest 

Is  this  little  church  among  its  graves  ! 
All  is  so  quiet :  the  troubled  breast, 
The  wounded  spirit,  the  heart  oppressed, 
Here  may  find  the  repose  it  craves. 

See  how  the  ivy  climbs  and  expands 

Over  this  humble  hermitage, 
.And  seems  to  caress  with  its  little  hands 
The  rough  gray  stones,  as  a  child  that  stands 

Caressing  the  wrinkled  cheeks  of  age. 

You  cross  the  threshold,  and  dim  and  small 
Is  the  space  that  serves  for  the  Shepherd's  fold 

The  narrow  aisle,  the  bare  white  wall. 

The  i)ews,  and  the  puljjit  quaint  and  tall. 
Whisper  and  say,  "  .Mas  !  we  are  old." 


It  is  not  the  wall  of  stone  without 

That  makes  the  building  small  or  great. 
But  the  souTs  light  shining  round  about, 
.And  the  faith  that  overcometh  doubt. 
And  tlie  love  tliat  is  stronger  than  hate. 

Here  would  I  stay,  and  let  the  world 

With  its  distant  thunder  roar  and  rcjll  ! 
Storms  do  not  rend  the  sail  that  is  furled. 
Nor  like  a  dead  leaf,  tossed  and  whirled 
In  an  eddy  of  wind,  is  the  anchored  soul. 


St.  David's  Cluircli,  commonlv  called  ••  Old  Radnor,'"  is  situated  fourteen 
miles  from  Philadelphia,  about  two  miles  south  of  Wayne. 

The  Ciuirch,  built  of  native  stone,  and,  where  not  concealed  by  ivy,  look- 
ing as  if  h\\\\\.  but  yesterday,  stands  facing  the  south,  on  a  long,  gently  sloj)- 
ing  hillside,  in  its  quiet  graveyard,  surrounded  and  embowered  by  trees. 
Although  there  are  in  the  graveyard  interments  of  an  older  date,  the  oldest 
monument  is  a  slab  of  soap-stone  brought  from  Wales,  and  bearing  date  of 
1 716.  Scattered  here  and  there  are  stones  bearing  quaint  and  curious  epi- 
taphs. Here  also  is  the  monument  erected  by  the  Society  of  the  Cincinnati 
to  the  memory  of  Cien.  Anthonv  Wayne,  sometime  commander-in-chief  of 
the  army  of  the  United  Stites,  whose  body  was  brought  from  Krie.  and 
placed  beneath  the  stone  in   1S09.     The  exact  date  when  the  Church  was 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


21 


organized  is  not  known  :  hut  it  is  certain  that  a  congregation  was  established 
here  as  early,  at  least,  as  1 700. 

A  local  historian  tells  us  that  the  corner-stone  of  the  present  Church  was 
laid  on  the  9th  of  Ma)',  1715,  and,  describing  the  ceremon)-,  sa'ys,  "First,  a 
service  with  preaching  was  held  in  a  private  house ;  then  they  went  to  the 
place  where  the  Church  was  to  be  built.  There  a  prayer  was  made,  after 
which  each  one  of  the  clergymen  present  laid  a  stone  according  to  the 
direction  of  the  master-mason."' 

The  rector  of  the  parish  in  1888  is  the  Rev.  George  A.  Keller. 


CHRIST    CHURCH,   Boston,    Mass.,  is   the  oldest  existing   place  of 
worship  of  any  kind  in  IJoston.     It  is  situated  on  Salem  Street,  at  the  North 


was  laid  April  15, 
the  29th  of  De- 
2:i- feet  thick.   Its 


End,  in  the  vicinity  of  Copp's  Hill.  The  first  stone 
1723;  and  the  building  was  opened  for  services  on 
cember,  1723.  The  structure  is  of  brick,  with  walls 
dimensions    are,   70   feet 

long,  50  feet  wide,  35  feet  ---=-    ^  ^   ^. 

high,  with  a  tower  24 
feet  square,  and  terminat- 
ing in  a  steeple  whose 
top  is  175  feet  from  the 
ground.  The  architect  is 
not  known,  but  the  plan 
was  after  the  well-known 
Churches  erected  by  Sir 
Christopher  Wren  in 
England.  The  present 
pulpit,  desk,  and  pews 
are  of  more  recent  date, 
but  the  general  appear- 
ance of  the  Church  inside 
and  out  is  about  as  it 
was  originally.  The  tower 
contains  a  chime  of  eight 
bells.  "The  first  ring 
cast  for  the  British  em- 
pire in  North  America. 
1744,"  is  the  inscription  upon  one  of  them.  The  chime  is  still  remarkable 
for  its  purity  of  tone,  sweetness,  and  harmony.  The  first  organ  was  brought 
from  Newport  in  1736,  and  the  second  was  built  in  1759.  The  one  now  in 
use  is  believed  to  contain  portions  of  these  old  ones. 

The  parish  possesses  some  extremely  old  gifts,  such  as  silverware  fo»" 


Christ  Church,   Boston,   Mass. 


22  A/\U'S  IIAXn/HlOK   OF  Er/SCOl'AL    CIU'RCIIES. 

the  altar,  Bibles  and  J^rayer  Books,  contributed  by  (".corj^e  II.  ol  England, 
and  by  others.  The  ti<^ures  of  the  cherubim  in  front  of  tlic  or<i;an,  and  the 
chandeliers,  were  taken  from  a  French  vessel  by  an  English  privateer,  and 
given  to  this  Church  in  1746;  all  being  considered  then  fair  in  war- 
time. 

The  first  rector  of  the  parish  was  the  Rev.  Dr.  Timothy  Cutler,  who  as 
a  Congregationalist  had  been  the  rector  of  Yale  College.  Dr.  Cutler  and 
others  had  become  converts  to  the  Episcopal  Church;  and  the  builders  of 
Christ  Church,  hearing  of  it,  wrote  to  him  offering  to  provide  for  the  expenses 
of  the  voyage  of  himself  and  his  two  friends.  Johnson  and  Brown,  to  Eng- 
land, where  they  were  to  seek  orders.  They  also  petitioned  the  Bishop  of 
London  to  appoint  Dr.  Cutler  to  the  charge  of  the  new  Christ  Church. 

His  ordination  took  place  in  London,  March,  1723  ;  and  he  began  his 
work  here  in  the  parish  with  the  opening  of  the  new  Church.  Dec.  29.  and 
continued  in  faithful  charge  for  forty-two  years.  Rev.  Dr.  Mather  Bvles 
succeeded  him,  and  stayed  until  1775,  when,  his  sympathies  being  with  the 
mother  country  in  the  strife  then  begun,  he  resigned.  Among  the  rectors 
since  then  have  been  Dr.  Eaton,  Dr.  Croswell,  and  Dr.  Burroughs. 

This  church  building  is  curiously  identified  with  the  outbreak  of  the 
Revolution.     Dr.  Henry  Burroughs  tells  the  story  thus  :  — 

"  The  signal  lanterns  of  Paul  Revere  from  the  church-steeple  announced 
the  beginning  of  those  hostilities  which  ended  in  the  establishment  of  the 
independence  of  the  United  States.  It  was  suspected  that  (ien.  (iage  was 
preparing  an  expedition  to  Concord  to  capture  the  stores  and  ammunition 
collected  there  by  the  Americans;  and  Dr.  Joseph  Warren  remained  in 
Boston,  while  the  Provincial  Congress  was  in  session  at  Concord,  to  watch 
the  movements  of  the  British,  and  communicate  them  to  Hancock  and 
Adams,  who  were  attending  the  Congress,  and  were  staying  at  the  house  of 
the  Rev.  Jonas  Clark  in  Lexington.  On  the  i5tK  of  April,  there  were  dis- 
covered signs  of  an  early  movement  of  the  troops :  and  Paul  Revere  by 
Dr.  Warren's  request  rode  to  Lexington,  and  gave  notice  to  the  patriots.  On 
his  return  it  occurred  to  him  that  when  it  should  become  necessary  to  send 
word  that  the  British  were  actually  on  the  march,  it  might  be  impossible  t'or 
a  messenger  to  leave  Boston  ;  and  so  he  agreed  with  Col.  Conant  and  other 
friends  whom  he  saw  in  Charlestown,  that.  —  in  his  own  words.  —  "if  the 
British  went  out  by  water  we  would  show  two  lanterns  in  the  North  Church 
steeple,  and  if  by  land  one,  as  a  signal.'  When  it  was  found  on  the  evening 
of  the  18th  that  the  troops  were  preparing  to  cross  from  Boston  in  boats. 
Revere  went  to  the  North  End,  made  his  preparations,  and  was  rowed  with 
mulirted  oars  under  the  guns  of  a  British  vessel  to  the  Charlestown  shore."' 
They  had  seen  his  signals,  for  the  spire  was  loftv.  Then  began  Paul 
Revere"s  Ride,  wliicli  tlie  i)net  has  sung  in  well-known  lines:  — 


A'/.VG\S   JIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  23 

"  Meanvvliile,  impatient  to  mount  and  ride, 
Booted  and  spurred,  with  a  heavy  stride 
On  the  opposite  shore  walked  Paul  Revere. 
Now  he  patted  his  horse's  side, 
Now  gazed  at  the  landscape  far  and  near, 
Then,  impetuous,  stamped  the  earth, 
And  turned  and  tightened  his  saddle-girth  : 
But  mostly  he  watched  with  eager  search 
The  belfry  tower  of  the  Old  North  Church, 
As  it  rose  above  the  graves  on  the  hill, 
Lonely  and  spectral,  and  sombre  and  still. 
And  lo  !  as  he  looks,  on  the  belfry's  height 
A  glimmer,  and  tlien  a  gleam  of  light  ! 
He  springs  to  the  saddle,  the  bridle  lie  turns, 
But  lingers  and  gazes,  till  full  on  his  sight 
A  second  lamp  in  the  belfry  burns  ! 
A  hurry  of  hoofs  in  a  village  street, 
A  shape  in  the  moonlight,  a  bulk  in  the  dark. 
And  beneath,  from  the  pebbles,  in  passing,  a  spark 
Struck  out  by  a  steed  flying  fearless  and  fleet : 
That  was  all !     And  yet  through  the  gloom  and  the  light, 
The  fate  of  a  nation  was  riding  that  night ; 
And  the  spark  struck  out  by  that  steed,  in  his  flight, 
Kindled  the  land  into  flame  with  its  heat."' 

This  incident  was  commemorated  on  the  evening  of  April  18,  1S75,  b}- 
services  and  addresses  in  the  cliurch,  and  by  the  display  of  lanterns  from 
the  old  steeple  by  S.  H.  Newman,  a  grandson  of  the  old  sexton,  Paulding, 
whom  Revere  engaged  to  make  the  signals  a  century  before. 

A  tablet  was  put  on  the  front  of  the  church  in  187S,  bearing  this 
inscription  ;  — 


THE     SIGNAL     LANTERNS     OF 

PAUL    REVERE 

DISPLAYED    IN    THE    STEEPLE    OF   THIS   CHURCH 

APRIL    18    1775 

WARNED  THE  COUNTRY  OF  THE  MARCH 

OF  THE  BRITISH  TROOPS  TO 

LEXINGTON    AND   CONCORD. 


The  present  rector  of  the  parish  is  the  Rev.  William  H.  Monroe. 


TRINITY  CHURCH,  Newport,  R.I.  — The  first  settlement  of  New- 
port was  made  in  1639.  ^"  ^^^er  years  it  became  a  highly  prosperous  com- 
mercial centre  and  port  of  entry.  It  had  eleven  thousand  people  when  the 
Revolution  began  :  over  two  hundred  sliips  were  employed  in  its  foreign  trade, 


24 


A'/XG'S   IlAXDIWOk-   or  KPISCOPAr.    CUL'RCIIES. 


and  its  domestic  trade  called  for  four  Inindred  coasters.  At  many  times 
goods  could  not  be  stored  in  the  warehouses,  so  great  was  the  prosperity  of 
old  Newport.  To-day  all  is  changed.  It  is  no  longer  the  busy  commercial 
centre,  but  the  most  poj^ular  summer-resort  upon  the  Western  Continent. 
Its  beautiful  residences,  large  hotels,  tine  views  of  the  sea  and  of  the  bay, 
and  its  delightful  climate  make  it  a  popular  resort  for  many  hundreds  during 
the  summer.  There  is  a  great  contrast  between  the  quaint  old  houses 
and  narrow  streets  of  old  Newport,  and  the  magnificence  of  houses,  walks, 


drives,  and  grounds  of 
almost  distinct  New- 
and  the  new  city  of  the 
residents  are  Church 
wiiich  has  been  most 
It  is  a  vigorous  parish 
congregations  are 
back    to    1698,   when 


the  newer  part.  There  are  in  fact  two 
ports,  —  the  old  city  of  all  the  year  around, 
summer  time.  Many  of  the  temporary 
folk,  and  for  many  years  past  the  Church 
po]>iilar  among  tlu-m  has  been  old  Trinity, 
at  all  times,  but  in  summer  its  Sunday 
greatly  increased.  This  old  parish  dates 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Lockyear,  a  clergyman  of  the 
English  Church,  gathered  a  con- 
gregation. A  building  was  erected 
before  1 702,  but  growing  too  small 
wAs  removAl  and  given  to  the 
people  of  Warwick.  A  new  build- 
ing was  erected  on  the  site  of  the 
old  one,  under  the  rectorship  of 
the  Rev.  Mr.  Honeyman.  It  cost 
about  ^2,000.  lis  dimensions  are, 
70  feet  long  by  46  feet  wide.  It 
has  two  tiers  of  windows,  and  has 
galleries  on  three  sides.  This  building,  still  standing,  was  completed  in 
1726.  The  architect  was  I'eter  Harrison  of  Newport.  He  was  the  recog- 
nized head  of  his  profession  in  that  time ;  and,  as  a  writer  said  of  him,  "  he 
did  what  he  could  to  drag  architecture  out  of  the  mire  of  Puritan  ugliness 
and  neglect." 

Notwithstanding  the  frequent  changes  that  have  been  made  in  the  old 
Church  since  the  day  the  first  service  was  held  within  its  walls,  it  still  retains 
many  of  the  features  with  which  those  who  built  it  were  familiar.  Upon 
its  spire  is  fi.xed  the  crown  which  typified  the  sovereignty  of  (ireat  Britain. 
Below  the  crown  tlie  clock  which  Jaiileil  Brcnton  gave  holds  an  honored 
place. 

Within  the  Church  the  organ  Bishop  Berkeley  pre.sented,  and  the  pulpit 
from  which  the  famous  philosopher  preached,  still  greet  the  eye. 

The  old  organ  has  of  course  been  repaired  and  added  to.  but  it  is  still 
the  Berkeley  organ.     A  crown  surmounts  it.  sui)ported  by  a  mitre  on  either 


Trinity  Church,   Newport,   R.I. 


KING'S   HAA'DHOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  2$ 

side.  A  huge  old-fashioned  sounding-board  over  tlie  pulpit,  and  square 
high-backed  pews  with  their  seats  facing  in  four  directions,  quickly  remind 
the  visitor  that  this  is  not  a  Church  of  modern  construction. 

In  the  time  of  the  Revolution  all  the  other  places  of  worship  were 
converted  into  riding-schools  or  hospitals  when  the  English  troops  held 
possession  of  the  town.  They  did  not  desecrate  this  old  Church,  and  its 
congregation  continued  to  occupy  it  during  all  the  Sundays  the  British  stayed 
in  Newport.  The  greater  portion  of  the  Church-of-England  people,  being 
royalists,  followed  the  troops  to  New  York  ;  and  then  the  hot-headed  young 
patriots  hastened  to  despoil  the  edifice  that  had  been  cherished  by  their 
hated  foes.  They  were  unable  to  reach  the  emblems  of  royalty  upon  the 
spire  and  over  the  organ ;  l)ut  the  carved  coat-of-arms  back  of  the  altar  was 
easily  reached,  and  that  they  tore  from  its  place,  and  trampled  under  their 
feet.  It  consisted  of  a  representation  of  the  lion  and  the  unicorn.  The 
building  was  then  closed,  and  not  re-opened  for  services  for  sev^eral  years. 

One  of  the  most  prominent  persons  connected  with  Trinity  was  Mr. 
Nathaniel  Kay,  who  was  collector  of  customs.  He  was  a  liberal  contributor 
to  the  funds  of  the  parish,  and  left  money  by  will  to  construct  a  schoolhouse, 
and  to  support  a  school  for  ten  jjoor  boys.  The  school  was  kept  up  except 
at  intervals  for  many  years,  and  finally,  upon  the  opening  of  the  public 
schools,  was  abandoned. 

The  remains  of  the  fund  were  used  at  length  in  constructing  tlie  brick 
chapel,  called  "  The  Kay  Chapel,"  in  a  street  near  the  Church.  It  is  used 
for  Sunday  school  and  other  purposes,  and  in  effect,  although  not  in  precise 
form,  under  changed  conditions,  carries  out  the  purposes  of  the  Kay 
bequest. 

Among  the  persons  who  have  served  as  rectors  of  Trinitv  are  the 
following  :  — 

The  Rev.  James  Honeyman  served  fifty  years,  and  died  in  1750,  at  an 
advanced  age,  having  lived  to  see  the  parish  large  and  flourishing.  The  Rev. 
Theodore  Dehon,  afterwards  Bishop  of  South  Carolina,  served  from  1797  to 
iSro;  the  Rev.  Salmon  Wheaton,  from  iSio  to  1840:  the  Rev.  Dr.  Francis 
\'inton.  from  1840  to  1844;  the  Rev.  R.  B.  Hall,  from  1844  to  1846:  the  Rev. 
D.  R.  Brewer,  from  1846  to  1855;  the  Rev.  Dr.  A.  G.  Alercer,  from  1855  to 
i860;  the  Rev.  O.  H.  Prescott,  from  1861  to  1863  :  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Black,  from 
1863  to  1866:  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  P.  White,  from  1866  to  1875. 

Canon  White  died  in  office.  —  a  man  greatly  beloved. 

The  present  rector,  the  Rev.  G.  J.  Magill,  began  his  duties  in  1876. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Philadelphia,  Penn. —  "  Among  all  the  buildings 
in  this  countr}-,"  says  Dr.  Foggo.  "around  which  sacred  and  national  asso- 
ciations cluster,  and  connected  witli  events  on  which  the  mind  of  the  thought- 


26 


A/.\(,'S   /l.\XJ>nOOk'   OF  JiriSCOPAL    ClfUKCHES. 


fill  American  desires  to  (lucil,  tlurt-  is  iiom.',  periiajis.  more  interesting  than 
old  Christ  Church." 

The  Kev.  .Mr.  Diichc,  its  rector,  made  tiie  tirst  jirayer  in  Congress; 
Bishop  White  was  the  tirst  chaplain:  Washington  and  many  of  his  generals 
and   statesmen  worshipped  within   these  walls:    Benjamin    Franklin  was  a 


member  of  the  vestry ;  Francis 
organist.  On  the  day  Indepen- 
this  Church  were  rung,  and  the 
from  the  wall.  The  rector, 
bishop  of  English  consecration 
building  was  held  the  first  gen- 
Church.      Here    the    American 


Hopkinson    was    the    volunteer 
dence  was  declared,  the  bells  of 
bust  of   King  George  was  taken 
William     White,    was    the    first 
in    the    L'nited    States.     In    this 
eral  convention  of  the  .\merican 
Prayer-Bogk    was   adopted.      Its 
bells  have  pealed 
for   many  hun- 
dreds   of  wed- 
dings, and  tolled 
for    many    more 
funerals.     ••  The 
babe    who   was 
baptized     in     its 
font    has    been 
carried    back    in 
old  age  and  laid 
before    its    altar, 
and    then    taken 
to    rest     in    its 
c  h  u  r  c  h  y  a  r  d. 
There    are     feu- 
old    families    in 
the  city  who  have 
not    some    link 
with     this    o  1  (1 
parish;   and   families   not   so  old.  and   many  living  elsewhere,  have  felt  the 
benefit  of  this  pious  foundation." 

The  first  building  was  erected  in  1695  of  bricks  and  wood:  imt  it  became 
too  small  for  the  needs  of  the  congregation,  many  of  whom  were  converts 
from  Quakerism.  The  i)rogress  of  the  parish  under  the  Rev.  .Mr.  Clayton 
and  Dr.  Evan  Evans  was  so  considerable,  that  the  older  members  ot  the 
Society  of  Friends  grew  alarmed,  and  forbade  their  young  peojile  to  enter 
the  building.  The  young  i)eople  obeyed  the  letter  of  the  law,  but  not  its 
spirit;  for  they  stood  around  the  windows,  and  heard  the  service  and  the 
preacher.     "The  country   Friends  coming   into    the    market,"  says    Louise 


Christ  Church,  Philadelphia,   Penn. 


A'/NG'S  JIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  2J 

Stockton,  '•  had  their  own  curiosity  about  this  new  vanity,  and  were  moved 
to  go  and  see  what  it  was  like;  and  behold!  it  was  nothing  new.  What 
they  heard  was  simply  the  old  service  familiar  to  so  many  of  them,  and  tliey 
liked  it.  It  brought  back  memories  of  their  childhood,  of  England,  and 
of  the  fathers  who  had  died  content  in  the  old  faith  ;  and  as  they  listened  to 
the  prayers  and  chants  they  knew  so  well,  but  in  which  they  now  dared  not 
join,  old  affections  fought  with  new  doctrines,  and  many  went  home  dis- 
turbed and  discontented,  to  return  again  and  again  to  the  little  brick  church, 
and  at  last  to  come  for  baptism.  This  went  on  until  new  members  were 
numbered  by  the  hundreds,  and  Dr.  Evans's  zeal  grew  stronger  and 
stronger."' 

In  1727  the  present  edifice  was  built ;  and  during  the  nine  years  that  the 
work  was  in  progress,  the  congregation  worshipped  in  the  old  structure 
around  which  the  new  one  rose.  Copied  after  the  old  English  type  of  church 
architecture,  built  of  bricks  from  the  Old  Country,  it  rose  a  monument  to 
the  skill  which  designed  it,  and  an  ornament  to  the  city  in  which  it  then 
stood  as  a  centre  of  attraction.  As  we  look  now  upon  its  graceful  outline 
and  beautiful  proportions,  we  cannot  fail  to  see,  that,  for  the  time  in  which 
it  was  built,  it  is  remarkable.  In  1754  the  tower  and  steeple  were  built, 
and  a  chime  of  eight  bells  was  ordered  in  London.  A  portion  of  the  money 
to  defray  the  expenses  was  secured  by  a  lottery  of  which  Benjamin  Franklin 
was  one  of  the  managers.  Lotteries  were  not  then  considered  inconsistent 
with  religious  work.  The  chime  of  bells  was  brought  from  England  by  Capt. 
Buddon  in  the  ship  "  Myrtilla."  He  would  accept  no  payment  for  bring- 
ing them,  and  so  the  bells  were  rung  ever  after  when  the  •'  Myrtilla ''  was 
sighted  down  the  river.  The  bells  soon  became  a  source  of  great  pleasure 
to  the  people.  "  Every  one  wanted  to  hear  the  chimes,  and  it  was  ordered 
that  they  should  be  rung  on  market-days  as  well  as  Sundays.  The  people 
would  walk  over  the  meadows  and  through  the  woods  from  Germantown 
and  other  villages,  until  they  could  hear  the  sweet  music  of  the  bells. 

'•  Their  rich  tones  have  extended  into  the  rapidly  growing  city,  and 
reminded  men  in  the  midst  of  their  daily  avocations,  and  in  the  quiet  of  their 
homes,  of  the  service  of  Him  who  made  them  and  will  judge  them." 

The  visitor  who  enters  the  Church  to-day  finds  it,  in  all  essential  par- 
ticulars, as  it  was  a  century  and  more  ago.  There  seems  to  be  no  limit  to 
the  many  interesting  objects  which  attract  the  attention.  Monuments, 
tablets,  inscriptions,  books,  manuscripts,  pictures,  furniture,  silver  vessels, 
stained  glass,  — all  have  their  story  to  tell.  The  liberality  of  past  memliers 
has  provided  for  the  needy,  and  that  of  recent  members  has  made  pro- 
vision by  endowment  funds  for  the  continuance  of  religious  ministrations. 
Dr.  John  Kearslev  is  the  'founder,  by  will,  of  Christ-Church  Hospital.  He 
left  his  property  to  the  Church  for  the  benelit  of  ten  poor  and  distressed 


28  A'nVG'S  J/AXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAl.    CHURCHES. 

women  of  tlie  comnuinion  of  tlie  Church  of  Enj^land.  In  1789  Joseph 
Dobbins  gave  somcthinjf  to  the  same  charit\  ;  and  so  great  has  been  the 
increase  in  the  value  of  these  l:)equests,  that  the  managers  were  able  to  buy 
a  large  plat  of  ground,  and  build  Ijuildings  to  shelter  fifty  aged  members  of 
the  K|)iscopal  Church.  The  Rev.  William  White  was  the  rector  from  1779 
to  1S36.  The  Rev.  Dr.  IJenjamin  Dorr  served  from  1837  to  1S69.  The 
present  rector,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Edward  A.  Foggo,  has  been  in  charge  since  1869. 

ST.    PAUL'S    CHURCH,  Elizabeth    River     Parish,    Norfolk,    Va.— 

Among  the  old  Churcli  homes  wiiicii  have  known  many  vicissitudes,  but 
which  still  live  on  to  do  Christ's  work,  is  the  venerable  Church  which  is 
pictured  here. 

"  On  it.  Time  his  mark  lias  hung ; 

On  it,  liostile  balls  have  rung ; 

On  it,  green  old  moss  has  clung ; 

On  it.  winds  their  dirge  have  sung  ; 

Let  us  still  adore  thy  walls, 

Sacred  temple,  old  .St.  Paul's  !  " 

The  borough  of  Norfolk  was  incorporated  in  1736,  but  as  early  as  1680 
the  town  was  established  by  .\ct  of  Assembly  on  fifty  acres  of  land  pur- 
chased for  the  purpose.  No  trace  of  the  original  Church  remains,  save  in 
the  record  of  the  vestry  granting  the  bricks  and  timbers  of  the  old  Church 
to  James  Pasteur  to  build  a  house. 

The  present  Church  was  erected,  as  the  date  in  raised  bricks  on  the 
south  wall  testifies,  in  1739.  ' '^^  building,  which  has  many  facsimiles  in 
Virginia,  is  cruciform  in  shape,  with  arched  windows  and  doors.  The  walls 
are  of  unusual  thickness,  and  ornamented  with  glazed  bricks  placed  at 
regular  intervals.  They  are  almost  entirely  concealed  by  the  lu.xuriant  ivy 
which  also  covers  the  walls  surrounding  the  chinchyard. 

In  the  year  [761  the  parish  of  Elizabeth  River  was  divided  into  three, — 
Portsmouth,  St.  Bride's,  and  Elizabeth  River. 

In  1766  the  Rev.  Thomas  Davis  was  rector.  He  was  an  ardent  i)atriot, 
and  chairman  of  the  town-meeting  which  in  .March.  1 7W),  denounced  the 
Stamp  Act. 

The  Church,  as  well  as  the  Ixirough.  had  now  to  encounter  the  brunt 
of  war.  On  New  Year's  Day,  1776,  Lord  Dunmore.  enraged  at  the  signal 
defeat  of  his  forces  at  Great  Bridge,  opened  a  heavy  cannonade  upon  the 
town.  The  town  was  entirely  destroyed  by  the  fire,  the  walls  of  St.  Paul's 
alone  remaining  standing,  though  all  the  interior  was  destroyed  in  the 
flames.  The  cannon-ball,  which  has  been  cemented  in  the  place  where  it 
struck  the  southern  wall,  still  remains  to  tell  the  story  of  the  bombardment. 
The  cummunion-plate  was  carried  by  the  enem}"  to  Scotland. 


A'/NG'S   IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


29 


Passing  over  much  interesting  history,  we  reach   the  year   1855,  when  the 
yellow-fever  devastated  the  city. 

The  rectorship  was  filled  then  by  the  Rev.  William  Jackson,  for  whom 
God  had  reserved  a  work  which  only  a  faithful  servant  of  Christ  could  do. 
In  this  year  the  yellow-fever  raged  in  Norfolk;  and  Mr.  Jackson,  with  other 
Christian  ministers,  stood  by   his  people.      Men  and  women  still  speak  of 


St.  Paul's  Church,   Norfolk 

his  gentle  and  untiring  devotion  to  the  sick  and 

the  atHicted  ;  but  the  parish  register  tells  the 

story  even  more  pathetically,  with   its  list   of 

seventy-nine  burials,  five  and  seven  a  day.    The 

last   burials    at   which    Mr.   Jackson  officiated 

were   three   on   Sept.  4;    and  he  himself  was    laid  to    rest   by  his    faithful 

brethren,  the  Rev.  Aristides  Smith  and  the  Rev.  Lewis  Walke.     His  is  the 

last  interment  from  yellow-fever.     It  would  seem  that  the  Master  spared  him 

until  his  work  was  ended,  and  then  said,  '•  Well  done,  good  and  faithful 

servant:  enter  thou  into  the  joy  of  thy  Lord."' 

It  was  no  easy  task  to  take  charge  of  the  decimated  and  impoverished 
congregation,  and  to  make  the  Church  once  more  a  power  for  good  in  the 
community.  But  a  man  of  God  was  sent,  whose  consecrated  faith  was  only 
equalled  by  the  unflinching  courage  which  he  brought  to  the  task,  and  with 


30  A/XG\S   I/AXDIWOK  Ol-    E/'/SCOJ'.l /.    C/ICRCHES. 

which  lie  met  tlie  still  greater  trials  which  tiic  near  tutiire  had  in  change  for 
old  St.  Pauls, —  Nicholas  Albertson  Okeson,  a  man  ol  stronj^  individuality, 
unsjiarinfi  in  his  judgment  of  sin,  but  full  of  womanly  sympathy  and  ten- 
derness for  the  poor  and  sinful.  As  a  preacher,  he  was  strong,  original, 
incisive,  blunt  at  times,  like  I.atimer.  He  took  such  hold  of  the  people,  not 
only  of  his  own  congregation,  but  of  the  community,  that  it  will  not  soon 
lose  the  impress  of  his  character.  Blessed  with  such  a  minister,  the  Church 
was  beginning  to  revive  and  flourish,  when  war  once  more  thundered  in 
Norfolk  liariwr,  and  the  flock  was  again  scattered. 

When  the  war  was  over,  the  minister  and  congregation  lient  their  ener- 
gies to  the  work  of  restoration  and  repair.  Money  had  to  be  raised  to 
make  the  church  habitable,  and  money  in  such  a  community  was  scarce: 
but  love  for  tiie  old  Church,  and  devotion  to  the  Lord,  accomplished  much, 
and  a  few  years  saw  the  parish  prosperous  as  it  had  never  been  before.  Dr. 
Okeson  resolved  to  make  the  churchyard,  which  comprises  nearly  two  acres, 
equal  to  the  fairest  he  had  seen  in  the  mother  country.  The  grand  old 
elms  and  willows  were  there  already ;  but  it  is  to  his  skill  and  labor  that 
we  owe  the  wealth  of  evergreen,  the  preservation  of  the  monuments,  whose 
scars  he  taught  the  kindly  ivy  to  hide,  and  the  flowers  and  shrubbery  which 
make  St.  PauTs  Churchyard  so  fair  and  restful  a  place.  There,  when  his 
work  was  finished,  he  was  laid  to  rest,  by  special  consent  of  the  city 
authorities,  among  the  dead  whose  graves  he  had  saved  from  desecration, 
and  under  the  sliadow  of  the  wall  which  echoed  to  his  faithful  preaching  of 
the  gospel  of  Christ. 

This  old  parish  has  been  safely  brought  through  all  the  changes  and 
chances  of  time.  War  and  division,  fire  and  pestilence,  have  failed  to  close 
her  gates.  To-day,  under  the  rectorship  of  the  Rev.  Beverly  Tucker,  she 
numbers  nearly  four  hundred  communicants,  and  ministers  to  as  many  as 
her  time-honored  walls  will  contain.  Siie  sees  ten  daughter  Churches  carry- 
ing on  the  work  and  spreading  the  i)iessecl  gospel.  But  she  is  not  only 
the  Church  of  her  own  loyal  congregation  :  she  is  the  old  parish  Church,  the 
borough  Church,  witnessing  to  the  time  when  there  were  no  divisions  among 
Christ's  flock  in  the  old  Colony,  dear  to  all  who  dwell  in  Norfolk  town,  to 
all  whose  fathers  sleep  in  her  quiet  shade. 

As  the  crowd  hurries  along  the  busy  street  where  the  old  Church,  built 
before  there  was  a  street,  stands  surrounded  by  her  sentinel  elms,  many 
an  eye  rests  for  a  moment  upon  the  sacred  spot,  and  many  a  heart  is  re- 
freshed by  the  glim])se  of  peace  and  quiet  which  the  open  gates  afford. 
It  is  a  restful  contrast  to  the  hurrying  world  without,  —  the  green  grass,  the 
wide-arching  trees,  the  water  sjjlashing  in  the  fountain,  the  fragrance  of 
magnolia  and  hawthorn,  the  scarlet  masses  of  the  crape  myrtle,  the  many- 
hued   flowers,  tlu'  ciuaint  old    toml)s.  the  ivv-covered  house  of  Gcxl.  where 


A'/A'G'S   HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHCRCIIKS. 


I 


so  many  generations  have  worshipptd  and  heard  the  benediction  of  peace, 
where  so  many  weary  souls  have  found  the  blessed  Lord  and  laid  their 
burdens  at  His  feet.  Many  a  passer-by  has  stopped  to  look,  and  breathe  a 
silent  "  God  bless  old  St.  Paul's  ! '" 


ST.  GEORGE'S  CHURCH,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.,  is  not  the  oldest 
parish  in  Northern  New  York,  but  it  lias  the  oldest  Church  building.  The 
building  so  well  known  to  so  man)  students 
from  all  parts  of  the  country  who 
tended  Union  College,  and  to  many 
was  begun  in  1759,  ^^^  ^^^^  gone 
manv  changes,  additions,  and  subti 
since.  The  stone  walls  of  the  nave 
roof  are  preserved  in  their  oiigmal 
The  last  alterations,  except  some 
decorations,  were  completed  in  i8cS2. 
withstanding  the  changes  and  mipro\ 
rendered  necessary  by  the  progress 
it  is  the  same  old  Chuich  still, 
though  it  does,  much  of  the  piopoitior 
and  elegant  fur- 
nishings of  an 
expensively  built 
modern  s  t  r  u  c- 
ture,  it  yet  is 
rich  in  the  time- 
woin  gifts  of  af- 
fection, beautiful 
with  the  moss  of 
age,  and  ivied  all 
over  w  i  t  h  the 
holiest  memories 
and  associations. 
...  In  tracing  out 
the  history  of  the 
building,  we  must 

go  back  nearly  to  the  beginning  of  the  preceding  century.  The  memories  of 
the  Old  French  War,  in  which  the  inhabitants  of  this  town  suffered  severely, 
had  hardly  begun  to  fade  away,  and  there  was  not  the  first  thought  of  that 
Revolution  which,  seventy  years  afterwards,  resulted  in  our  independence  of 
the  mother  country.  The  smoke  of  the  Indian  wigwam  still  arose  all  along 
this   Mohawk  \'alley,  and  the  cry  of  the  wolf  and    the    panther   could    be 


St    George  s  Church,  Schenectady,  N  Y 


32  A/\GS   UA\J)BOOK'   OJ-    EPISCOPAL    C/ICRCHES. 

lieard  on  its  hillsides  and  in  tiie  forests.  Tlioiigh  fears  of  anotlier  savage 
invasion  had  mostly  subsided,  yet  the  old  fort,  near  by  the  spot  where  we 
are  now  assembled,  was  still  staniling  stocked  with  arms,  and  surrounded 
by  the  pickets  or  palisades  within  which  the  earlier  settlers  had  been  accus- 
tomed to  find  refuge  in  case  of  alarm.  At  this  early  period,  the  Rev,  Thomas 
Barclay,  missionary  of  the  English  Church  at  .Alljany,  visited  Schenectady, 
and  was  the  first  Episcopal  minister  who  held  services  in  the  place." 

In  1748  there  came  to  Schenectady  a  layman,  Jolin  W.  Brown,  whose 
memorv  is  now  preserved  on  a  tablet  on  the  wall.  He  was  only  twenty-one 
years  old  when  he  reached  here,  and  for  sixty-six  years  he  was  the  friend 
and  unwavering  supporter  of  this  parish.  It  is  probable  that  the  name  St. 
George  was  given  the  Church  through  him.  Another  of  its  early  friends 
was  Sir  William  Johnson,  a  major-general  in  the  British  service,  and  super- 
intendent of  Indian  affairs  in  North  America.  He  contributed  generously 
to  the  erection  of  this  building,  and  induced  his  friends  to  do  so.  The 
building  was  begun  in  1759.  The  first  resident  minister  was  the  Rev. 
William  Andrews,  who  stayed  three  years. 

The  Rev.  John  Doty  was  in  charge  when  the  sounds  of  war  echoed 
throughout  the  land.  Mr.  Doty,  being  a  Loyalist,  was  arrested,  and  im- 
prisoned for  a  while,  but  upon  being  released  went  to  Canada.  The  services 
were  then  suspended  in  the  Churcli  for  the  rest  of  the  period  of  the  war. 
When  the  independence  of  the  States  was  acknowledged,  and  peace  had 
been  declared  in  1782,  the  Church  edifice  was  found  to  be  in  a  dilapidated 
condition:  the  windows  were  broken,  and  desolation  reigned  without  and 
within. 

.As  soon  as  the  little  remnant  of  the  Church  people  came  together,  and 
had  received  some  courage  and  strength,  they  restored  the  building  to  its 
former  condition,  and  re-established  services.  For  a  while  they  could  not 
have  a  settled  minister,  but  de])ended  upon  the  clergy  of  Albany  and  sur- 
rounding towns.  In  179S  the  Rev.  Robert  Whetmore  took  charge,  and 
from  that  day  onward  its  affairs  moved  on  in  uninterrupted  order  and  with 
increasing  success.  The  building  then  was  al)out  half  its  present  length, 
measuring  fifty-six  bv  thirtv-six  feet,  with  three  windows  on  each  side,  and 
in  front  a  small  wooden  steeple  surmounted  by  a  cross.  The  pulpit  with  a 
long  flight  of  stairs  was  against  the  east  wall  in  the  centre,  with  a  reading- 
desk  in  front,  and  a  clerk's  pew  in  front  of  that.  The  altar  with  railing 
before  it  was  on  the  north  side. 

For  a  year  or  two  about  1825,  in  the  absence  of  a  rector,  the  services 
were  kept  up,  with  much  acceptance  to  the  congregation,  by  .Alonzo  Potter, 
tlien  tutor  in  L'uion  College,  and  in  later  years  the  great-hearted  Bishop 
of  Pennsylvania,  A  tablet  in  his  memory  has  been  placed  by  the  trustees  of 
the  College  on  the  wall  of  the  Church.     During  the  ministrv  of  Rev.  Albert 


A'/iVG'S   HAA'DBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  33 

Smecles,  the  question  was  debated  whether  to  pull  down  the  old  building  or 
to  enlarge  it.  Happily  the  latter  course  was  adopted,  and  so  in  1838  two 
transepts  were  added  to  the  old  nave.  "But  alas!"  says  Dr.  Payne,  "the 
former  chancel  arrangement  was  discarded,  and  in  lieu  of  it  arose  a  huge 
three-decker,  —  a  pulpit  large  enough  for  several,  and  a  desk  of  correspond- 
ing size,  with  a  communion-table  in  front.  Under  the  pulpit  was  a  hole  where 
the  clergyman  could  go  and  change  his  surplice  for  a  black  gown  between 
the  service  and  the  sermon."  Since  those  days  a  proper  chancel  has 
been  added  to  the  east  end,  and  various  other  improvements  have  been 
made. 

St.  George's  Parish  was  the  first  cure  of  John  Williams,  who  is  now  the 
presiding  bishop;  and  here  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  Payne  has  served  for  forty 
years  with  singular  fidelity,  commencing  his  rectorship  in  1848.  The 
present  rector  is  the  Rev.  J.  P.  B.  Pendleton,  Dr.  Payne  retaining  his 
connection  with  the  parish  as  rector  emeritus. 

ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH,  Philadelphia.  —  The  needs  of  the  Church 
folk  in  Philadelphia  were  met  by  Christ  Church  until  about  1754,  when  the 
project  of  building  a  second  Church  was  rigorously  pressed  by  those  living 
in  what  was  then  known  as  "  the  southern  part  of  the  city."  The  vestry  of 
Christ  Church  were  warmly  interested  in  the  scheme :  and  the  proprietors 
of  the  Colony,  the  sons  of  William  Penn,  gave  a  lot  of  ground  between 
Third  and  Fourth  Streets,  and  extending  from  Lombard  to  Pine  Street. 

Although  William  Penn  was  so  active  a  Quaker,  he  and  his  two  wives 
were  the  only  Quakers  in  the  family:  his  sons  had  become  Churchmen. 
On  the  land  thus  given,  the  building  known  as  St.  Peter's  Church  was  begun 
in  1758,  and  completed  in  1761. 

"On  the  4th  of  September,  1761,"  says  Louise  Stockton,  in  a  chapter  in 
"A  Sylvan  City,"  "the  people  met  at  Christ  Church,  and  went  in  procession 
down  to  St.  Peter's ;  clerk  and  sexton  at  the  head,  then  the  quest-men,  and 
then  the  vestry  two  by  two :  the  governor  and  the  wardens,  the  officiating 
clergymen,  the  governor's  council  and  attendants,  and,  finally,  the  attend- 
ing clergymen.  The  youngest  minister,  the  Rev.  Jacob  Duche,  a  deacon, 
read  all  the  service  except  the  absolution  ;  there  was  a  baptism  at  the  font ; 
and  Dr.  Smith,  provost  of  what  is  now  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
preached  the  sermon.  It  is  not  difficult  even  now  to  picture  this  service. 
The  old  dignitaries  with  queues  and  ruffles  all  are  gone ;  but  the  high  pews, 
the  stone  aisles,  the  pulpit  with  its  sounding-board,  the  green  and  grassy 
churchyard,  still  remain,  and  St.  Peter's  is,  in  effect,  to-day,  what  it  was  over 
a  hundred  years  ago,  when  Gov.  Penn  had  his  pew  in  the  south  gallery, 
and  Benjamin  Franklin  came  with  other  worshippers  from  the  North 
Church." 


34 


A/.vG's  riAxn/iOOK  or  F.r/scorAr.  criURCi/Es. 


For  a  long  time  Clirist  Cliurcli  and  St.  Peter's  and  then  St.  James  were 
united  under  one  vestry,  and  were  served  by  the  same  clergy.  At  first  when 
there  were  but  two  parishes,  Dr.  Peters  and  Mr.  Duchd  served  the  two,  but 
in  1772  Messrs.  White  and  Coombe  liecame  assistants. 

"  When  1776  came,  the  political  excitement  was  general,  and  the  Churches 
were  full  of  it.  Dr.  Peters  had  grown  old  and  weak.  Mr.  Duchd  had  suc- 
ceeded him.  with  Messrs.  Connihe  and  White  as  assistants.    When  Congress 

set  aside  May  17  as  a  day  of 
fasting  and  prayer,  there  was  ser- 
vice in  both  Churches,  and  fer- 
vent sermons  were  preached. 
Then  came  the  4th  of  July,  and 
it  was  then   that   the  vestry  met. 


St.   Peter's  Church,  Philadelphia,  Penn. 

(EAST    ANO   WEST   INTEKIORS.) 


and  struck  tiic  name  of  tin-  King 

from  the  liturgy,  and  took  down 

his  portrait  from   the  wail.      Mr. 

Duchd  had  acted  as  chaplain  to 

Congress,  and  his  people  were  full 

of  patriotism.  But  as  the  war  went 

on,    and    reverses   came,  he    lost 

heart,  and  wrote  a  famous  letter 

to  Washington  advising  him  to  come  to  terms  with  the  English  Government 

while  yet  there  was  time.     He  possibly  had  more  influence  over  .Mr.  Coomljc 

than  over  Wasiiington,  for  the  former  soon  followed  him  to  England.     Thus 

Mr.  White  was  left  the  only  patriot  of  the  three  Philadelphians.     That  he 

still  loved  his  old  associates,  is  proved  by  his  making  the  condition  when 

electetl  rector  in  1779,  that,  if  Mr.  Duchd  returned,  he  should  be  allowed  to 

resign.     But  although   .Mr.  Duchd  came  back  after  the  war  was    over,  he 

never  had  any  official  connection  with   the  ])arish  again,  but  lived    in   the 

house  his  father  had  built  for  him;  and  in   1798  he  died,  and  was  buried  at 

the  east  end  of   St.  i'eter's." 


A'/A^G'S  HANDBOOK    OF  EPISCOPAL    C//CPC//ES.  35 

Dr.  White  lived  in  a  house  on  Front  and  Lombard  Streets,  where  St. 
Peter's  House  now  stands  ;  arrd  here  all  the  preliminary  steps  towards 
organizing  the  American  Church  and  preparing  the  Prayer  Book  were 
taken. 

"Christ  Church  and  St.  Peter's  clung  together  until  1832,  when  there 
was  a  formal  and  legal  separation  and  division  of  propert)-,  and  all  in  a 
spirit  of  harmony  and  perfect  good-will,  and  with  the  express  condition  that 
Bishop  White  should  remain  rector  of  the  three  parishes  as  long  as  he 
lived."  He  departed  this  life  in  1836.  St.  Peter's  has  had  its  long  period 
of  steady  prosperity.  It  has  been  under  the  care  of  men  eminent  in  their 
profession.  Bishop  De  Lancey  was  rector  until  1839.  Then  came  the 
ministry  of  Bishop  Odenheimer  from  1839  to  1859.  After  this  Dr.  Leeds 
served  for  eight  years  ;  and  then  came  Dr.  Thomas  F.  Davis,  Feb.  22,  1868, 
whose  rectorship  still  continues.  During  Dr.  Odenheimer's  period,  the 
daily  service  of  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer,  and  the  celebration  of  the 
Communion  every  Sunday  and  holy  day,  were  established. 

The  only  architectural  changes  in  the  building  have  been  the  erection 
of  the  tower  and  spire,  and  placing  an  organ-gallery  over  the  chancel. 
"St.  Peter's  is  the  only  building  of  the  last  century  in  Philadelphia  that 
retains  its  original  features.  The  square  j^ews  with  their  high  straight 
backs,  the  aisles  paved  with  stone  and  marble,  the  lofty  pulpit  with  the 
sounding-board  above,  and  the  reading-desk  beneath,  —  all  endeared  to  the 
congregation  by  unnumbered  and  most  hallowed  memories,  remain  as  they 
were  in  the  beginning.  The  prosperity  of  the  parish  has  suffered  little 
abatement  from  the  lapse  of  time ;  and  its  future  maintenance  is  secured  by 
an  endowment  fund,  the  plan  of  which  was  prepared  by  the  Hon.  Horace 
Binney,  in  April,  1872." 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Cambridge,  Mass.  —  The  original  subscription- 
list  is  dated  April  25,  1759.  The  architect  was  Peter  Harrison,  then  re- 
siding in  Newport.  He  was  also  the  architect  of  King's  Chapel,  Boston. 
Christ  Church  cost,  not  including  the  land,  ^1,300,  and  was  long  regarded 
as  an  edifice  of  superior  elegance.  The  building  was  opened  for  public 
services  Oct.  15,  1761.  A  traveller  who  wrote  an  account  of  it  about  that 
date  said,  "  A  Church  has  lately  been  erected  at  Cambridge  within  sight  of 
the  college.  The  building  is  elegant,  and  the  minister  of  it,  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Apthorpe,  is  a  very  amiable  young  man  of  shining  parts,  great  learning, 
and  pure  and  engaging  manners."  The  minister  himself,  addressing  the 
congregation  on  the  opening  day,  said,  "  Much  has  been  done  already  by 
your  munificence  towards  completing  a  structure,  the  least  merit  of  which 
is  the  honor  it  does  our  country  by  adding  to  the  few  specimens  we  have 
of  excellence  in  the  fine  arts." 


A /AG'S   1/ A  \  J)  HOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


However  it  may  Iiave  Ijeen  outdone  l)y  the  beautiful  stone  edifices  wliich 
have  grown  up  around  it,  it  must  have  been  a  vast  improvement  upon  the 
ordinary  meeting-houses  of  tiiat  day.  Later  enlargements  and  changes  in 
tiie  interior  have  not  destroyed  its  quaint  simplicity  and  attractiveness. 
Under  the  wise  direction  of  the  rector,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Spaulding,  and  the 
assistance  of  the  architect  and  decorators,  there  are  few  old  Churches  whose 
interior  arrangements,  coloring,  and  appointments  are  so  harmonious  and 
pleasing.  Being  near  Harvard  University,  it  becomes  one  of  the  familiar 
feature^  of  the  neighborliood  to  the  tiiousand  or  more  of  students  who  throng 

that  great  insti- 
tutiorv  The  mis- 
sion was  estab- 
lished and  the 
Church  built,  as 
expressly  stated, 
to  provide  for 
the  spiritual 
I  e  e  (1  s  of  the 
members  of  the 
Church  of  Eng- 
land resident  in 
Cambridge,  as 
also  for  such 
students  of 
Harvard  College 
as  are  of  that 
Church.  Special 
provision,  there- 
fore, has  always  been  made  for  the  Harvard  students.  The  ministrations  of 
its  rectors  have  been  freely  offered,  and  the  doors  of  the  Church  have  always 
been  opened  to  the  young  men  of  the  university. 

"The  history  of  Christ  Church  is  an  interesting  and  eventful  one.  Prior 
to  the  Revolutionary  war  it  was  the  spiritual  home  of  many  of^he  leading 
families  then  resident  in  Cambridge;  but  when  the  war  broke  out,  rector 
and  congregation  being  loyal  to  England  were  scattered  before  the  popular 
fury  of  the  times.  A  large  body  of  the  tumultuous  and  unorganized  Provin- 
cial forces  which  crowded  into  the  environs  of  Boston  took  possession  of 
the  Church,  the  colleges,  and  private  houses  in  Cambridge.  At  the  time 
of  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  a  Connecticut  company  of  militia  was  quartered 
in  the  building." 

When  Gen.  Washington  took  command  of  the  army  in  Cambridge,  he 
removed   the   troops  from   the  Ciuucii,  and  had  it  cleansed.     On  Sunday, 


y«^';.t!i?.y;;^^--.vv.-'w  ::f?a^ 


^\J5s?.^^^ 


Christ  Church,  Cambridge,  Mass. 


A'/NG'S  HANDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  3/ 

Dec.  31,  1775,  it  was  re-opened  for  services,  Col.  Palfrey  of  the  general's 
staff  reading  portions  of  the  Morning  Prayer.  Mrs.  Washington,  Mrs. 
Gates,  Mrs.  Curtis,  and  a  number  of  the  officers  and  others  were  present. 
There  is  a  tradition  that  Washington  on  other  occasions  worshipped  in 
this  building,  and  a  pew  used  to  be  indicated  as  the  one  occupied  by 
him. 

For  fifteen  years  after  this  the  Church  was  neglected  and  disgraced. 
The  doors  were  shattered,  the  windows  were  broken,  and  it  was  almost 
a  ruin.  No  effort  seems  to  have  been  made  for  repairing  it,  and  for  renew- 
ing services,  until  1790,  when  clergymen  from  Boston  and  elsewhere  began 
to  officiate  in  it.  It  was  fifty  years,  however,  before  the  parish  had  a  settled 
rector  of  its  own.  Twice  it  was  closed,  and  the  services  suspended;  and 
for  part  of  the  time  its  small  congregations  were  content  with  lay-reading  by 
students  from  the  college.  It  was  supervised,  when  it  had  any  clerical 
oversight,  by  some  one  of  the  Boston  clergy. 

In  1825  the  building,  which  had  fallen  into  decay,  was  put  in  good  order, 
and  regular  services  were  resumed  under  the  charge  of  the  Rev.  George 
Otis,  then  a  tutor  in  the  college.  His  successors  in  the  rectorship  have  been 
many,  and  some  have  achieved  great  distinction.  Among  them  are  named 
Bishop  Southgate,  Bishop  Vail,  and  Bishop  Williams,  Drs.  Coit,  Leeds, 
Hoppin,  and  Langdon,  and  others.  The  ministry  of  Dr.  Hoppin  extended 
from  1839  to  1874,  thirty-five  years.  The  present  rector,  the  Rev.  Dr.  James 
F.  Spaulding,  entered  upon  his  duties  in  1880.  Among  the  important  events 
in  his  ministry  have  been  the  improvements  to  the  interior  of  the  Church, 
and  the  formation  of  the  vested  choir  of  men  and  boys. 

The  chime  of  bells,  thirteen  in  number,  was  the  gift  of  alumni  of  the 
college  upon  the  completion  of  the  first  hundred  years  of  the  Church,  1861. 
Some  of  the  silver  altar-vessels  were  given  by  William  and  Mary  to  King's 
Chapel,  Boston,  but  were  afterwards  transferred  to  Christ  Church  by  Gov. 
Hutchinson. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Alexandria,  Va.,  celebrated  its  centennial  anni- 
versary on  the  20th  of  November,  1873.  The  parish  itself  was  organized  out 
of  the  parish  of  Truro,  Feb.  r,  1765,  and  was  called  Fairfax.  March  28,  1765, 
a  vestry  was  chosen,  consisting  of  twelve  gentlemen,  one  of  whom  was  Col. 
George  Washington.  There  were  two  Churches  then  in  the  parish,  one  at 
the  Falls  of  the  Potomac,  and  the  other  in  Alexandria.  The  plans  for  the 
new  Church  in  Alexandria  were  prepared  in  1767  by  James  Wren,  but  the 
building  was  not  completed  until  Feb.  27,  1773.  On  that  day,  ten  of  the  pews 
being  offered  for  sale,  Washington  bought  pew  No.  5.  The  first  minister  of 
the  Church  was  the  Rev.  Townsend  Dade  ;  his  salary  was  17,280  pounds  of  to- 
bacco.   After  the  Revolution,  the  Episco]3al  Church  in  this  country  was  greatly 


3^ 


A'/AO'S   HAXDBOOh'   OI-    EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


depressed.  One  ot  the  first  persons  to  set  an  example  of  liberality  for  the 
support  of  this  i)arisli  was  George  Washington.  A  formal  document  appears 
upon  the  vestr3-book  in  which  he  and  seven  other  gentlemen  agree  that  the 
l)e\vs  owned  by  them  shall  be  charged  with  an  annual  rental  of  five  pounds 


sterling.  In  i8i  i  the 
parish.  Among 
to  the  episcopate 
Rev.    (jcorofe     (iris- 


-"'•'- 


Rev.  William  Meade  became  rector  of  the 
those  who  followed  him  after  his  consecration 
were  the  Rev.  Oliver  Morris,  Dr.  Reul  Keith, 
wold.  Rev.  John  .McGuire,  Rev.  Charles  .Mann, 
Rev.  Dr.  Dana,  Rev.  Dr. 
Walker,  Rev.  Dr.  Ran 
dolph,  Rev.  Dr.  .McKim, 
Rev.  William  M.  Dame, 
and  the  present  rector.  Rev. 
Henderson  Suter.  Mr. 
Suter  has  been  in  charge 
since  Sept.  15,  1878.  The 
building  is  one  of  a  pattern 
(juite  common  in  Colonial 
times.  It  is  built  of  bricks, 
the  walls  being  very  thick.  It  has  galleries  in  the  interior;  but  these,  how- 
ever, are  of  later  construction.  The  steeple  was  finished  in  1818.  Various 
additions  and  alterations  have  been  made;  but  even  as  it  is  to-day,  we  get 
some  idea  of  how  it  appeared  to  the  eyes  of  George  Washington  when  he 
worshipped  within  these  walls.  In  1S70  twin  tablets  were  erected  in  the 
eastern  wall  of  the  Church  to  the  memory  of  George  Washington  and 
Robert  Edward  Lee.  Besides  the  Churcli  building,  the  parish  owns  a  ])rick 
lecture-room  and  a  rectory. 


Christ  Church,  Alexandria,  Va. 


THESE    AND    OTHER    OLD-TIME    CHURCHES.  —  "Very    few 

communities  built  substantial  Churches  at  the  outset;  but  as  soon  as  the 
pioneer  struggle  was  over,  better  places  for  worship  were  provided,"  says 
Edward  Eggleston  in  his  article  on  "Church  and  Meeting-House  before  the 
Revolution,"  published  in  "The  Century  Magazine,"  April,  1887.  "In 
Virginia  the  first  Churches  were  rudely  built;  but  when  the  primitive  build- 
ing of  mud-daubed  logs  and  sedge-thatched  roof  fell  into  disuse,  they 
surrounded  it  with  a  ditch  to  protect  the  ruins  from  profanation  by  the 
beasts  of  the  field.  This  was  an  act  of  pure  sentiment,  for  no  Colonial 
i)uil(lings  ever  received  consecration  from  a  bishop. 

"The  Anglican  body  in  America  had  its  roots  in  England;  and  wherever 
there  was  wealth  enough,  efforts  were  made  [later  on]  to  follow  the  prevail- 
ing fashion  in  English  ecclesiastical  architecture.  Some  of  the  early  Churches 
succeeded  in  attaining  considerable  beauty  of  an  imitative  sort."     Usually, 


A'/.VG'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  39 

however,  the  buiklin;;  was  very  simple,  —  a  rectangle  with  gabled  or  hipped 
roof. 

Gothic  architecture  was  not  in  vogue,  nor  was  it  in  favor,  in  Colonial  days, 
nor  for  many  years  after  in  this  country.  The  Colonial  architects  were  often 
the  civil  engineer,  the  retired  military  and  naval  officer,  who,  having  seen 
more  of  the  world  than  their  neighbors,  were  thought  to  be  better  able  to 
say  how  the  new  Church  should  be  built. 

Mr.  Eggleston  says  of  the  interior  of  these  old  buildings,  ''  Within,  the 
Churches  of  the  Establishment  often  had  upon  the  walls  tablets  containing 
the  Creed,  the  Lord's  Prayer,  and  the  Ten  Commandments,  usually  in  gilt 
letters  on  a  sky-blue  ground.  There  was  also  erected,  according  to  law,  a 
table  of  [forbidden  degrees  of]  marriage  to  keep  the  [unmarried]  parishioners 
in  continual  remembrance  of  whom  they  might  not  marry.  Stone  bap- 
tismal fonts  were  erected  in  some  of  the  Virginia  parishes.  Church-bells 
were  few  in  the  early  days  of  the  Colonies,  and  the  custom  was  in  vogue  of 
calling  the  congregations  to  service  by  beat  of  drum." 

The  Southern  parish  Churches  were  probably  not  warmed  at  all,  and  but 
scanty  provision  was  made  for  heating  the  buildings  in  the  North.  Foot- 
stoves  were  used  in  the  pews,  and  a  large  stove  in  the  vestry-room ;  but  in 
very  many  buildings  the  temperature  in  winter-time  was  low  enough  to  dis- 
courage and  scatter  any  modern  congregation  accustomed  to  steam-heat  and 
the  other  luxurious  appliances  of  the  buildings  of  to-day. 

Tlie  musical  abilities  of  the  Colonists  do  not  appear  to  have  been  equal 
to  much  ornamentation  of  the  services.  In  many  parishes,  nothing  was 
attempted  beyond  a  few  hymn-tunes.  In  some  there  was  chanting,  and 
a  few  had  some  instrumental  accompaniments.  In  1700  there  were  probably 
not  more  than  si.x  organs  in  Maryland  and  Virginia,  and  there  were  Churches 
in  which  there  was  no  singing  at  all. 

The  use  of  the  black  Genevan  gown  and  bands  was  common  to  all  the 
Episcopal  ministers  while  preaching,  and  some  went  thus  attired  through 
the  streets  on  official  occasions.  The  white  surplice  and  black  stole,  how- 
ever, were  not  then  worn  by  all  in  conducting  services,  there  being  curious 
prejudices  against  such  a  usage,  especially  in  Virginia. 

In  some  of  the  Colonial  Churches,  there  was  a  great  deal  of  stately  cere- 
mony. Speaking  of  King's  Chapel  in  Boston,  the  Rev.  Henry  W.  Foote 
says,  "  A  fragment  of  the  Old  World  in  the  New,  and  taking  their  tone  from 
the  echoes  of  English  society  iiT  the  numerous  body  of  king's  officials  who 
worshipped  there,  they  constituted  a  unique  feature  of  life  in  the  Province 
of  Massachusetts  Bay,  gathering,  as  it  were,  into  a  focus  all  the  influences 
from  the  English  Church  and  Crown." 

On  an  occasion  of  public  worship,  one  could  see  in  that  Church  the  rich 
costumes  and  striking  groupings  of  that  picturesque  age. 


^ 


40  A/XG'S   IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    C/fURCf/ES. 

"  Chariots  witli  liveried  black  footmen  brought  thither  titled  gentlemen 
and  tine  ladies,  and  the  square  pews  were  gay  with  modes  of  dress  which 
must  have  brightened  the  sober  New-England  life,  as  the  ruffled  sleeves 
and  powdered  wigs  and  swords,  the  judges  whose  robes  were  thought  to 
give  dignity  and  reverence  to  their  high  office  as  they  sat  upon  the  bench, 
the  scarlet  uniforms  of  British  officers  in  army  and  navy,  —  all  mingling 
with  the  beauty  and  fashion  which  still  look  down  from  old  family  portraits, 
the  special  flavor  of  an  age  very  different  from  our  own." 

NOTES. 

1.  King's  Chapel  here  spoken  of  was  erected  in  1749  to  take  the  place 
of  a  building  which  iiad  been  long  used  and  often  enlarged  and  repaired. 

The   organization    dates    back    to    1689.     It    continued 
in  communion  with  the  Church  of  England  until   17S5, 
when  the  proprietors,  at  the  suggestion  of  their  minis- 
ter, Mr.  Freeman,  voted  to  alter  the  Prayer   Book   by 
^^  striking  out    such    portions    as    involved    the    doctrine 
Kne's  Chanel        °^  '"^^  Trinity.     Ordination  being  refused    to  Mr.  Free- 
man,  King's   Chapel    became  a    Unitarian    society,    and 
ceased  to  be  an  Episcopal  Church,  although  using  parts  of  the  old  Liturgy. 

2.  The  number  of  the  Colonial  Episcopal  Churches  is  a  surprise  to  any 
one  who  has  not  paid  especial  attention  to  the  subject.  Some  of  them,  too, 
were  of  great  size.  One  in  Virginia,  which  has  somehow  gone  into  the 
possession  of  a  different  religious  body,  seated  over  twelve  hundred  people. 
There  are  others  which  were  ornamented  with  artistic  carvings  and  statuary, 
erected  in  memory  of  departed  ones  by  families  of  means  and  culture. 
Many  of  these  old  churches  have  crumbled  into  ruins,  some  have  been 
modernized,  and  a  few  have  been  renewed  in  the  exact  style  in  which  they 
were  built. 

3.  Persons  who  desire  further  information  respecting  the  Colonial  Cluirch 
can  consult  such  volumes  as  the  \'en.  Dr.  Hill's  '■  History  of  St.  Mary's, 
Burlington,  N.J.:"  Bishop  .Meade's  '-Old  Churches  and  Old  Families  in 
\'irginia:"  Batchelor's  "History  of  the  Eastern  Diocese:"  Perry's  "  His- 
tory of  the  American  Church  :  "  and  the  local  histories  of  tlie  counties  in 
the  different  States,  found  in  most  public  lii)raries. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


41 


€l)c  J)Cconti  J^cnoti» 


SOME   OF  THE   CHURCHES   BUILT  MORE    THA.V  HALF  A    CENTURY  AGO. 


Burd  Monument,  St.  Stephen's, 
Philadelphia. 


HE  War  of  the  Revolution  was  almost  a 
death-blow  to  many  parishes  and  missions 
of  the  Church  of  England  in  this  country. 
Only  a  few  of  them  came  through  that 
long  period  of  trial  as  prosperous  as  they 
were  at  the  beginning.  The  great  ma- 
jority suffered  loss  of  property,  member- 
ship, and  reputation,  and  some  of  them 
were  well-nigh  swept  out  of  existence.  So 
great  was  the  disaster  to  the  Church  in 
one  of  the  Colonies,  that  when  a  question 
was  asked  of  a  leading  government  official 
at  the  end  of  the  war,  he  replied,  "  I  do 
not  know  if  any  remnant  of  Episcopacy 
is  still  alive  in  this  Colony.  My  opinion 
is  that  it  was  all  destroyed  by  the  fires 
of  the  Revolution." 
The  missionaries  of  the  English  Society  for  the  Propagation  of  the 
Gospel  were  in  nearly  every  case  loyal  to  the  Crown.  Many  of  the  lay 
people  were  opposed  to  war  because  they  hoped  the  oppressive  measures  of 
the  home  government  would  be  relieved  by  a  change  of  policy  on  the  part 
of  the  King  and  his  ministers,  and  because  they  dreaded  the  principles  of 
many  of  those  who  were  most  vehement  in  their  advocacy  of  strife.  Not 
all,  however,  of  the  clerical  and  lay  elements  in  the  Church  here  sided  with 
the  King.  In  fact,  the  success  of  the  Revolution  is  largely  due  to  the  patriot- 
ism of  American  Churchmen.  Of  the  Virginia  clergy,  Madison,  afterwards 
bishop,  and  some  others,  were  decided  partisans  of  the  American  cause. 
The  majority  of  the  South-Carolina  clergymen,  fifteen  out  of  twenty,  clung 
to  their  parishes.  Dr.  William  White,  the  first  chaplain  of  the  American 
Congress,  and  afterwards  Bishop  of  Pennsylvania,  was  faithful  from  begin- 
ning to  the  end.  Dr.  Croes,  afterwards  Bishop  of  New  Jersey,  was  an 
officer  in  the  war.  Parker,  Provoost,  and  Bass,  three  of  the  later  bishops, 
were  on  the  side  of  the  Colonies. 


42  A'/iVG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    C//CKCIIES. 

Other  cler'fymcn  and  many  laymen  of  the  Church,  who  at  the  first  took 
no  active  part  with  the  Colonists,  afterwards  finding  that  every  means  of 
conciliation  had  failed,  and  every  hope  of  redress  had  been  disappointed, 
threw  themselves  in  with  the  fortunes  of  the  patriots.  But  the  general 
results  of  the  struggle  were  at  first  disastrous  to  the  Church  ;  and,  as  has 
been  before  remarked,  only  a  few  parishes  held  their  own  during  the  war. 
IJut,  as  Bishop  Perry  remarks,  "The  issue  of  the  war  brought  independence  to 
the  Church.  The  Episcopate,  so  stoutly  opposed  before,  so  bitterly  assailed, 
and  so  persistently  denied,  was  among  tiic  first-fruits  of  the  happv  peace." 

In  1784  the  first  American  bishop,  Dr.  Samuel  Seabury  of  Connecticut, 
was  consecrated  at  Aberdeen  in  Scotland,  by  the  non-juring  bishops.  In 
1787  Dr.  William  White  and  Dr.  Samuel  Provoost  were  consecrated  at 
Lambeth  by  the  English  bishops,  the  former  for  Pennsylvania  and  the  latter 
for  New  York.  In  1789  the  '■'■Constitution  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Clntrch  in  the  United  States  of  America'"  was  adopted  by  representatives 
of  the  different  portions  of  the  Church  :  and  in  1790  "  The  Book  of  Common 
Prayer,'"  substantially  as  we  now  have  it,  and  taken  almost  entirely  from  the 
English  Prayer  Book,  came  into  use.  Thus  "  when  in  the  course  of  Divine 
Providence  these  American  States  became  independent  with  respect  to  civil 
government,  their  ecclesiastical  independence  was  necessarily  included ; 
but,"  continues  the  Preface  to  the  Prayer  Book,  "  this  Church  is  far  from 
intending  to  depart  from  the  Church  of  England  in  any  essential  point  of 
doctrine,  discipline,  or  worship,  or  further  than  local  circumstances  require." 

Thus  newly  organized,  and  adapted  to  the  changed  political  conditions 
of  the  country,  the  Episcopal  Church  licre  took  up  its  work.  It  made  but 
slow  progress  for  many  years  ;  it  was  weak  in  numbers  and  in  resources  ;  it 
was  confronted  by  obstacles  of  every  kind  ;  it  had  to  overcome  prejudices 
of  the  most  bitter  character.  For  a  long  while  all  it  could  hope  for  was 
simply  to  live.  We  must  not  look  for  much  Church-building  or  for  much 
missionary  work  from  the  end  of  the  Revolution  to  1832,  fc- that  interval 
was  the  period  of  recuperation.  By  degrees,  however,  new  strength  came  : 
and  we  see  efforts  made  to  re-open  some  of  the  abandoned  Churches,  and  to 
build  new  ones,  to  take  hold  of  new  opportunities,  and  to  use  old  ones. 
As  population  increased,  as  emigrants  arrived,  and  as  new  settlements 
were  opened,  the  Church  slowly  grew  in  vigor,  and  sought  to  adapt  itself 
more  and  more  to  the  needs  of  the  day. 

The  following  are  a  few  of  the  Churches  built  in  the  early  part  of  this 
centurv,  and  may  serve  as  illustrations  of  styles  of  architecture  once  in  favor. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH,  Washington,  D.C.  —  Said  a  gentleman  well 
known  as  an  miiuLnt  lawyer,  and  an  anient  member  of  the  Unitarian  liody, 
"  I    am   surjirised   as   I    notice   the   large   numi)er  of  men,  distinguished  in 


KING'S   HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CIliTKCIIES. 


43 


public  life,  who  are  in  some  way  identified  with  the  Episcopal  Church.'* 
It  would  certainly  excite  still  more  surprise  in  one  not  acquainted  with  the 
facts,  were  he  to  study  for  the  first  time  the  history  of  old  St.  John's  Church, 
Washington.  It  may  well  be  said  "  that  most  of  the  noted  men  occupying 
place   and   power  in  civic  life,  during  the  past  half-century,  have  usually 

worshipped    w  i  t  h  i  n    its 
-alls.       It    was    an    es- 
tablished   usage    from 
the    days    of     Madi- 
son to   the    Presi- 
dency of  Lincoln, 
that   the   execu- 
tive magistrate 
should  stated- 
ly attend  ser- 
vice   there. 
Befor?  the 
war  it  was 


St    John  b  Church,  Washington,  D  C 


then,  strictly 
speaking,  the 

President's  Church."'  Tin  w  w 
dens  of  the  parish  have  usuall} 
been  the  superior  officers  of  the 
army  and  navy,  and  the  stanied- 
glass  windows  perpetuate  the 
memory  of  many  an  officer  distinguisiied  in  the  service  of  the  Government. 
Other  persons  prominent  in  the  management  of  the  parish  have  occupied 
high  social  and  civic  positions;  so  that  old  St.  John's  has  been  quite  inti- 
mately associated  with  the  best  portions  of  the  life  of  the  capital,  and  so 
has  had  an  influence  radiating  to  all  parts  of  the  country. 

The  parish  dates  back  to  1815.  The  corner-stone  of  the  Church  was 
laid  February,  18 16.  The  architect  was  Mr.  B.  H.  Latrobe.  Subsequently 
the  building  was  somewhat  altered,  and  the  tower  and  porch  erected.  The 
most  important  changes  were  made  in  1S83,  when  a  sanctuary  was  added^ 


44  A'/.\'6'.V   HAXDIiOOK   Ol-    EP/SCOI'AL    C//L'RCHES. 

the  interior  remodelled,  and  many  fine  additions  put  in  place.  The  eye 
cannot  glance  in  any  direction  without  seeing  some  memorial.  Over  the 
altar  is  a  brass  cross  commemorating  President  Arthur.  The  chancel 
window  is  in  memory  of  Mrs.  Arthur.  The  altar  and  reredos  commem- 
orate Mr.  and  Mrs.  James  S.  Thayer.  In  the  west  wall  is  a  window  in 
memory  of  Presidents  Madison,  Monroe,  and  Van  Buren.  In  the  east 
wall  another  commemorates  Tyler,  Harrison,  and  Taylor.  Over  the  south 
gallery  is  one  to  Gen.  Winfield  Scott,  and  in  the  north  transept  is  another 
to  Hishop  Pinkney.  A  number  of  other  windows  commemorate  persons 
whose  names  are  well  known  to  large  circles. 

The  Year  Book  gives  some  idea  of  the  great  activity  of  the  parish.  The 
buildings  included  in  the  parish  are  St.  John's  Church,  St.  John's  Chapel, 
St.  Mary's  Chapel,  the  Cliurch  Orphanage,  Workingmen's  Club,  and  the 
Parish  Hall.  In  1887  there  were  over  nine  hundred  communicants,  and  the 
offerings  for  all  purposes  came  to  550,416.  The  rector,  the  Rev.  W.  A. 
Leonard,  D.D.,  is  assisted  by  the  Rev.  J.  M.  E.  McKee,  the  Rev.  C.  M. 
Pyne,  and  the  Rev.  William  Holden.  The  following  is  taken  from  the 
report  for  1S87  :  "  Fidelity  in  every  department  of  our  busy  parish  is  grate- 
fully noted,  and  affectionate  lay  co-operation  during  the  year  has  encouraged 
and  sustained  the  clergy  in  their  endeavors.  V^ery  liberal  gifts  have  been 
made  by  individuals  to  several  branches  of  the  work,  and  valuable  real 
estate  has  been  accumulated.  The  Parish  Hall  was  completed  last  Lent,  and 
its  cost  of  $10,500  paid  from  the  offerings  of  the  congregation  and  Sunday 
school.  In  it  we  hold  our  various  meetings  of  guild,  au.xiliary,  Sunday  school, 
choir  rehearsals,  and  Bible  lectures.  Here,  too,  entertainments  of  a  suitable 
character  are  permitted.  It  is,  in  a  word,  our  parish  workshop.  St.  ."Marv's 
Church  and  schoolhouse,  for  our  colored  i)eople,  were  finished,  and  dedicated 
to  God  by  the  Bishop  last  winter.  They  are  monuments  of  liberalitv  and 
zeal.  Most  munificent  gifts  have  been  made  to  this  effort  by  nameless  friends, 
and  the  vestry  and  congregation  of  tlie  parish  have  supplemented  the  same 
very  willingly.  A  beautiful  Church,  with  full  appointments,  now  stands  to  do 
the  work  of  grace  as  Christ  hath  appointed ;  and  we  are  humbly  thankful  for 
this  noble  and  attractive  house  of  worship.  Through  the  subscriptions  of  the 
brotherhood,  we  have  enlarged  our  Workingmen's  Club,  and  have,  at  pres- 
ent, attractive  rooms  where  much  good  is  being  accomplished.  X'aluable 
land  adjoining  the  Church  Orphanage  was  presented  to  us,  as  a  gift  memo- 
rial of  Capt.  Gustavus  V.  Fox,  U.S.N.,  by  his  widow;  and  on  it  a  commodi- 
ous building  has  been  erected  at  a  cost  of  $S,ooo,  of  which  sum  $6,000  was 
donated  by  the  Government.  For  the  maintenance  of  the  orphans,  $1,500 
is  also  granted  annually  by  Congress.  A  thoughtful  and  loving  presentation 
of  a  country  home  for  the  orphans,  situated  in  \'irginia,  near  Arlington,  was 
made  to  the  institution   last  spring.      Here  is  a  good  house,  with  ten  acres 


A'LVG'S  HANDBOOK   OF   EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  45 

of  land,  and  in  a  healthy  location;  and  here  the  children  enjoy  a  summer 
freedom  from  the  city  heats.  Thus  have  we  been  blessed ;  and  for  it  all, 
with  the  sum  of  statistics  hereafter  appended,  we  render  hearty  thanks  to 
our  adorable  God." 

St.  John's  Church  is  open  all  day  for  private  devotions.  Daily  public 
prayers  are  said  at  4  p.m.  The  Holy  Communion  is  celebrated  every 
Sunday,  and  on  festival  days  in  the  week.  On  Sunday  afternoons  the  Even- 
ing Prayer  is  chorally  rendered,  the  music  being  led  by  the  vested  choir  of 
the  parish. 

ST.  GEORGE'S  CHURCH,  Newburgh,  N.Y.,  is  one  of  the  oldest 
church  organizations  in  the  Diocese  of  New  York.  The  earliest  notice  of 
it  is  an  application  made  to  the  Propagation  Society  in  England  for  help 
towards  the  support  of  a  missionary  in  1728.  In  1753  there  is  the  record  of 
the  grant  of  five  hundred  acres  of  land  for  a  glebe ;  and  at  various  other 
dates  reports  were  made  by  the  missionaries  sent  here,  of  their  services 
and  successes.  The  Revolution  was  a  period  of  great  adversity  for  the 
Church  throughout  the  country,  and  this  parish  suffered  severely.  In  1805 
the  parish  was  re-incorporated. 

In  the  year  1S15  the  Rev.  John  Brown,  then  but  in  deacon's  orders, 
commenced  his  ministerial  labors  at  Fishkill.  For  many  successive  Sundays 
he  held  a  third  service  in  Newburgh,  and  later  removed  there  at  the  solici- 
tation of  Bishop  Hobart,  as  affording  him  a  larger  field  of  usefulness. 
Deeply  imbued  with  the  true  missionary  spirit,  possessed  of  untiring  energy 
and  an  enduring  constitution,  he  then  entered  upon  "a  vigorous,  successful, 
and  almost  unprecedented  ministry  of  sixty-two  years." 

Speaking  of  the  time  when  he  began  his  work  in  this  parish,  he  said, 
"  I  stood  alone,  the  only  clergyman  of  the  Church  between  Yonkers  and 
Poughkeepsie  upon  the  eastern  side  of  the  Hudson,  and  between  the  city 
of  New  York  and  the  town  of  Catskill  on  the  western." 

The  labors  of  Dr.  Brown  were  not  confined  to  St.  George's  Parish.  He 
was  most  helpful  in  organizing  new  parishes  in  the  neighborhood,  and  in 
keeping  weak  parishes  alive. 

The  services  of  St.  George's  Church  were  first  held  in  the  edifice  known 
as  "  The  Old  Glebe  Schoolhouse."  It  is  not  known  when  it  ceased  to  be 
used  for  this  purpose,  but  probably  at  the  time  of  the  Revolutionary  War. 

When  the  Rev.  Dr.  Brown  came  to  the  parish,  a  building  was  temporarily 
fitted  up  as  a  chapel.  In  the  following  year  the  increase  of  the  congrega- 
tion made  it  expedient  to  provide  for  their  accommodation  by  the  erection 
of  a  Church  edifice.  This  work  proceeded  slowly,  but  steadily,  until  it  was 
finally  completed,  and  solemnly  consecrated  by  the  bishop  of  the  diocese, 
Nov.   10,   1819.      In   1826  its  capacity  was  increased  by  the   addition  of   a 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  47 

gallery,  and  an  organ  was  procured.  In  1834  it  was  again  enlarged,  and  the 
tower  was  erected,  in  which  a  bell  was  hung.  Again,  in  1853,  it  was  further 
enlarged  and  beautified,  and  a  commodious  Sunday-school  building  and 
vestry-room  were  added.  The  Church,  as  originally  built,  was  a  substantial 
stone  structure,  rectangular  in  form,  according  to  the  usage  of  that  early 
period  ;  but  at  this  time  a  recessed  chancel  was  added,  giving  it  a  more 
ch-urchly  appearance,  and  in  this  year,  also,  the  old  organ  was  replaced  by  a 
new  one.  The' Rev.  Dr.  Brown  resigned  Feb.  16.  1878,  but  was  made  rector 
emeritus  for  life.  He  died  Aug.  15,  1884,  after  a  residence  of  sixty-nine 
years  in^the  parish. 

Feb.  26,  187S,  the  Rev.  Octavius  Applegate,  who  since  Nov.  8,  1868,  had 
been  assistant  minister,  with  full  pastoral  charge,  became  rector  of  the 
parish. 

In  1874  the  ladies  of  St.  George's  Church  projected  a  home  and  hospital, 
which  was  incorporated  by  the  ladies  of  Newburgh  and  New  Windsor. 
The  former  being  a  manufacturing  town  and  a  railroad  centre,  it  was  a  much- 
needed  institution,  there  being  no  provision  on  the  part  of  the  city  for  the 
sick  and  injured.  In  18S0  the  old-fashioned,  narrow  pews  in  the  Church 
were  replaced  by  more  modern  and  comfortable  ones,  the  chancel  was  dec- 
orated in  a  chaste  and  suitable  manner,  and  a  beautiful  chancel  window 
was  erected.  In  1884  a  convenient  rectory,  in  a  good  location,  was  pur- 
chased, and  a  new  organ  for  the  Church,  of  fine  tone  and  quality,  replaced 
the  one  hitherto  in  use.  In  1886  the  Sunday-school  building  was  again 
enlarged,  and  other  rooms  were  added,  supplying  long-felt  needs.  Dr. 
Applegate,  after  nearly  two  decades  of  untiring  and  zealous  service,  still 
continues  as  the  rector  of  this  parish.  Part  of  his  successful  work  has  been 
the  planting  of  a  mission  in  the  manufacturing  part  of  the  town,  and  the 
construction  of  a  chapel. 

ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  Boston,  was  built  in  1820  at  a  cost  of  $83,000. 
One  of  the  building  committee  was  Daniel  Webster.  It  stands  in  one  of  the 
most  busy  parts  of  the  city,  opposite  the  Common. 

It  is  in  the  Grecian  style  of  architecture,  a  style  quite  popular  in  this 
country  fifty  years  or  so  ago,  and  was  thought  to  be  a  stately  edifice  in  its 
early  days.  The  walls  are  of  gray  granite,  and  the  portico  and  columns  are 
of  Potomac  sandstone.  The  interior  is  furnished  with  high-backed  pews, 
not  so  high  as  in  some  of  the  older  Churches,  but  short  people  when  seated 
almost  vanish  out  of  sight  in  them.  The  ceiling  is  a  cylindrical  vault  with 
panels  which  span  the  width.  It  is  a  great  flattened  arch,  peculiarly  well 
fitted  for  fine  acoustic  effects.  Across  the  entrance  end  of  the  Church  is  a 
gallery,  in  which  is  placed  a  large  organ  and  the  choir. 

The  chancel  is  partly  a  semi-circular  extension  for  the  altar,  and  a  plat- 


48 


A'/A-G\S   HAXDIWOK   OF  EP/SCOPA/.    C//('A'C/fES. 


form  j)r(»liiicling  into  the  nave.  Tlie  cluincel  window  is  of  rich  stained  glass, 
representing  St.  I'aul  preaching  at  Athens.  To  the  right  and  left  are  paint- 
ings representing  the  Four  Evangelists.  The  pulpit  and  lectern  are  of  brass. 
In  the  rear  of  the  building  is  the  chapel,  containing  two  stories;  the  lower 
rooms  being  used  for  meetings  of  the  parish  societies,  and  the  upper  room 
being  the  assembly-room  for  the  .Sunday  school,  etc. 

The  situation  of  St.  Paul's  makes  it  a  convenient  jjlace  for  special 
services,  so  that  it  is  often  open  for  missionary  and  diocesan  gatherings. 
Under  the  rectorship  of  I3r.  Courtney,  its  doors  were  thrown  open  daily  for 
private  prayer  and  meditation,  and  many  services  were  held  on  week-days 
as  well  as  on  Sundays.  Great  interest  has  always  been  associated  with  the 
Bible  classes  held  here  by  Dr.  Nicholson,  Dr.  Courtney,  and  others.  They 
were  week-day  gatherings,  one  each   week,  in  the  Church,  open  to  all  for 

the  study  of  the  Scrip- 
tures, and  were  largely- 
attended,  not  only  by  the 
people  of  the  parish,  but 
by  strangers. 

Another  feature  of  Dr. 
Courtney's  ministry  was 
the  daily  Lent  and  Advent 
lectures  delivered  by 
different  clergymen  in 
turn  at  noon.  The  time 
occupied  by  each  service 
and  lecture  was  about 
half  an  hour,  so  that  busi- 
ness men  and  others  could 
easily  come.  Very  often 
the  building,  especially  on  the  week-davs  in  Lent,  would  be  crowded. 

Dr.  Courtney's  ministry  was  singularly  successful,  and  ended  here  to  the 
great  regret  of  his  friends.  He  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Nova  Scotia. 
April  24,  1S88.  His  predecessors  were  the  Rev.  W.  W.  Newton,  the  Rev. 
Treadwell  Walden,  Drs.  Nicholson,  Vinton,  and  Stone,  Potter  and  Jarvis. 
Few  names  are  so  well  known  in  the  Church  at  large  as  the  rectors  of 
St.  Paul's.  Dr.  Jarvis  was  the  Church's  great  scholar  and  historian  ;  Dr. 
Potter  became  the  grand  Bishop  of  Pennsvlvania :  Dr.  Stone  was  at  the 
head  of  the  Episcopal  Tiieological  Seminary  in  Cambridge  ;  Dr.  Vinton  was 
a  man  of  mighty  intellect,  and  a  superior  preacher;  and  Mr.  Newton  has 
become  widely  known  as  a  writer,  and  as  an  enthusiastic  advocate  of  Church 
unity. 

Writing   of  Dr.   \'inton's   ministrv   at    .St.    Paul's,   the   Rev.  Dr.  Phillips 


St.  Paul's  Church,  Boston. 


A'/iVG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  49 

Brooks  says:  "Dr.  Vinton's  work  may  be  considered  as  having  done 
more  than  that  of  any  other  man  who  ever  preached  in  Boston,  to  bring  the 
Episcopal  Church  into  the  understanding,  the  sympathy,  and  the  respect  of 
the  people.  His  vigorous  mind,  great  acquirements,  commanding  character, 
and  earnest  eloquence  made  him  an  influential  power  in  the  city  and  in  the 
Church." 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  CHURCH,  Philadelphia.  —  In  a  letter  to  the  Vestry, 
dated  Jan.  17,  1825,  the  Rev.  James  Montgomery  recites  the  origin  of  St. 
Stephen's  in  the  following  words  :  — 

"  In  the  fall  of  1821,  having  been  providentially  visited  with  a  lingering 
indisposition,  I  found  considerable  satisfaction  in  employing  my  thoughts  in 
the  consideration  of  the  best  manner  of  turning  my  feeble  talents  to  advan- 
tage in  the  promotion  of  the  interests  of  the  Redeemer's  kingdom.  Aftei 
some  time  the  idea  occurred,  that  the  meeting-house  formerly  occupied  by 
the  Methodist  congregation,  and  standing  on  the  site  of  St.  Stephen's,  and 
then  vacant,  might  be  procured  ;  in  which  case  I  was  resolved,  as  soon  as 
my  health  would  enable  me,  to  occupy  it  on  the  evening  of  the  Lord's  Day. 

"  By  the  kind  instrumentality  of  my  friend  Mr.  Bancker,  the  house  was 
obtained  from  the  worthy  owners,  the  Messrs.  Kelly,  who  generously  offered 
me  the  exclusive  use  of  it.  My  first  service  in  it  was  celebrated  on  the 
evening  of  Jan.  20,  1822.  A  considerable  interest  seemed  to  be  excited  on 
the  subject,  which  was  unequivocally  evinced  by  the  numerous  and  respect- 
able attendance  with  which  I  was  favored.  I  did  not  calculate  confidently 
upon  the  results  which  have  been  realized ;  but  I  could  not  but  flatter  and 
encourage  myself  with  the  belief,  that  there  was  a  possibilit}',  at  least,  that 
the  establishment  of  another  Episcopal  Church  might  be  the  consequence." 

The  movement  thus  begun  resulted  in  the  purchase  of  the  meeting- 
house and  the  land.  William  Strickland  was  engaged  as  the  architect  of 
the  improvements  needed.  A  corner-stone  was  laid  by  Bishop  White  on 
the  30th  of  May,  1822;  and  what  was  substantially  a  new  building  then 
arose,  only  a  portion  of  the  old  building  in  the  rear  having  been  retained 
The  consecration  by  Bishop  White  took  place  Feb.  27,  1823.  The  cost  of 
the  building  was  considerably  more  than  was  at  first  contemplated,  but  part 
of  the  debt  was  removed  by  selling  off  lots  in  the  surrounding  grounds  for 
burial  purposes. 

The  parish  immediately  became  a  prominent  one  in  the  city.  Its  growth 
was  steady  all  through  Dr.  Montgomery's  rectorship  of  eleven  years.  It 
was  regarded  from  the  very  first  as  a  Church  in  the  city  where  things  were 
done  in  admirable  order.  The  debt  was  gradually  reduced.  A  new  organ 
was  built.  The  walls  and  windows  were  decorated.  The  congregation 
was  steady  and  devout :  and   Dr.   Montgomery  lived    to  see  the  mission, 


A-/XG\S   1/ A:\DlWOh-  OF  E/'/SCO/'AL    CHURCHES. 


to  which  he  first  ministered  in  the  Metiiodist  meeting-house,  one  of  the 
foremost  parishes  in  that  city. 

During  Dr.  Montgomery's  rectorsliip,  there  were  baptized  450  persons. 
He  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  }lenry  W.  Ducachet  of  Norfolk,  \'a., 
whose  work  began  in  October,  1S34. 

For  some  years  the  prosperity  of  the  parish  continued ;  but  the  removals 
to  other  parishes,  and  many  other  drawbacks,  made  it  hard  to  meet  the 
expenses.  After  a  little  while,  however,  the  generosity  of  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Edward  Shippen  Hurd,  especially  of  the  latter,  lifted  the  parish  out  of  its 
financial  difficulties,  and  helped  it  forward  to  its  later  career  of  usefulness 


St.  Stephen's  Church,  Philadelphia,   Penn. 

and  success.  In  1848,  upon  the  death  of  Mr.  Burd,  the  provision  of  his 
will  for  the  erection  of  a  monument  in  St.  Stephen's,  to  his  children,  was 
carried  out.  A  small  memorial  chapel  was  built  off  the  north  wall  of  the 
Church,  between  the  first  and  second  windows,  upon  ground  presented  by 
Dr.  Ducachet.  In  this  chapel  was  placed  Steinhauser's  group,  "  The  Angel 
of  the  Resurrection,''  probably  the  most  exquisite  piece  of  memorial  art 
which  has  yet  appeared  in  America.     (See  the  initial  letter  on  p.  41.) 

From  this  time  forward  for  some  years  the  history  of  the  parish  includes 
a  number  of  munificent  deeds  and  gifts  by  Mrs.  Eliza  Howard  Burd.  In 
1849  she  placed  in  tlie  Church  a  mural  monument  in  the  shape  of  a  recum- 


KING'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  $1 

bent  effigy  of  her  late  husband.  In  the  same  year  shfe  gave  some  silver 
altar-vessels.  In  1850  she  paid  in  full  all  the  debts  then  resting  upon  the 
Church.  In  1853  she  gave  the  full  chime  of  bells,  and  the  bells  were  rung 
for  the  first  time  on  Christmas  Day.  In  1859  she  gave  the  font,  sculptured 
in  Italy  by  Steinhauser,  representing  three  angels  bearing  the  emblem  of  our 
Lord's  Passion,  and  supporting  by  their  wings  a  large  marble  bowl.  The 
cover  is  of  bronze,  surmounted  by  a  statuette  of  St.  John  the  Baptist. 

When  Mrs.  Burd  died  in  i860,  it  was  found  in  her  will  that  the  orphan- 
age she  had  started  in  her  lifetime  was  to  be  enlarged  and  carried  forward 
by  the  parish,  with  resources  amounting  to  about  $700,000.  In  1862  the 
noble  buildings  of  the  Burd  Asylum  in  West  Philadelphia  were  opened, 
and  the  institution  began  then  its  noble  work  of  sheltering  orphan  girls.  Up 
to  1888  it  had  received  one  hundred  and  seventy-one,  and  has  now  sixty  in 
its  care.  Her  interest  in  orphan  children  was  no  doubt  intensified  by  the 
loss  of  her  own  children  ;  and  as  God  had  called  her  own  to  Himself,  she 
would  be  a  mother  now  to  those  who  had  no  one  on  earth  to  protect  and  care 
for  them  with  a  mother's  care. 

The  Burd  Asylum  with  its  beautiful  grounds,  noble  buildings,  charming 
Chapel,  under  the  management  of  the  warden,  the  Rev.  G.  J.  Burton,  who 
has  been  in  charge  since  1872,  is  an  object  of  special  interest  among  the 
many  noble  institutions  that  are  found  in  Philadelphia. 

The  work  done  by  Mrs.  Burd  for  St.  Stephen's  Parish  was  unique ;  for 
not  only  did  she  rescue  it  from  great  financial  embarrassment,  but  she 
placed  it  upon  a  firm  foundation,  and  intrusted  it  with  the  means  of  incal- 
culable usefulness  in  the  future. 

But  the  success  of  the  parish  was  also  due  to  the  ability  of  the  clergy 
and  the  devotion  of  the  lay  people.  During  Dr.  Ducachet's  ministry  of 
twenty-one  years  he  baptized  twelve  hundred  people,  married  four  hundred 
couples,  and  buried  seven  hundred  persons.  His  assistant  for  a  time,  and 
then  his  successor,  was  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  Rudder  of  Albany.  Dr. 
Rudder  was  rector  from  1865  to  1880.  With  the  administration  of  Dr.  Rudder, 
the  parish  entered  upon  a  period  of  prosperity  of  a  different  kind.  His 
marked  ability  as  a  preacher  soon  attracted  an  attendance  at  the  services 
such  as  had  not  been  seen  before,  so  that  the  question  of  enlarging  the 
Church  building  in  some  way  became  very  pressing.  In  1878  the  much- 
needed  enlargement  of  the  Church  was  effected  by  breaking  through  the 
north  wall,  and  building  the  transept  and  gallery  as  it  now  stands.  At  the 
same  time  the  whole  Church  was  decorated  by  Mr.  Frank  Furness,  architect, 
of  Philadelphia.  In  this  transept  was  placed  the, beautiful  memorial  window 
to  Mr.  James  Magee,  for  many  years  a  vestryman  and  warden,  by  his  family. 
The  prosperity  of  the  parish  continued  uninterrupted  under  Dr.  Rudder's 
rectorship,  until  the  tinie  when    on   Sunday,  the  27th  of  January,  1880,  he 


52  AV.VG'S  HANDBOOK-  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIICRCHES. 

officiated  for  the  last  time,  and  on  Tuesday  tiie  29th  he  died.  During  his 
rectorship  there  were  baptized  five  hundred  persons  ;  confirmed,  four  hun- 
dred and  fifty;  marriages,  two  hundred  and  twenty-five;  burials,  two  iiundred 
and  twenty.  After  tlie  death  of  Dr.  Rudder,  the  Parish  remained  for  two 
years  without  a  rector. 

In  May,  1881,  the  Rev.  Dr.  S.  D.  McConnell  of  Middletown,  Conn., 
began  his  work  here,  and  at  this  date  not  only  maintains  the  reputation  of 
the  parish,  but  makes  St.  Stephen's  even  more  efficient  in  many  ways. 

The  parochial  report  to  the  Pennsylvania  Convention  of  1888  contains 
the  following  items:  Money  received  from  all  sources,  $51,052;  present 
number  of  communicants,  nine  hundred  ;  baptized  during  the  year,  sixty- 
four;  confirmed,  fifty-five. 

The  energies  of  the  Parish  now  are  being  directed  towards  the  construc- 
tion of  a  new  Parish  House,  which  will  cost  about  fifteen  thousand  dollars 
when  finished. 

One  of  the  notable  features  of  the  Parish  of  late  years  has  been  the  elal)o- 
rate  music  rendered  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Wood,  the  blind  organist, 
whose  superb  playing  and  fine  taste  have  made  the  music  very  attractive 
and  pleasing  to  all  who  enjoy  an  ornate  rendering  of  the  Church  services. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Louisville,  Ky.  — The  side  walls  of  this  build- 
ing, as  they  stand,  were  constructed  in  1824,  but  the  front  and  rear 
walls  have  several  times  been  removed  to  enlarge  the  seating  capacity  and  to 
beautify  the  architectural  features. 

The  building  accommodates  about  nine  hundred  persons,  and,  although 
no  longer  in  the  residence  portion  of  the  city,  continues  to  be  crowded  with 
one  of  the  most  devoted  and  active  of  the  congregations  in  the  diocese. 

The  parish  dates  back  to  1823,  when  some  leading  laymen  united  to 
form  an  organization  and  to  build  a  Church.  They  carried  their  work  on 
without  the  presence  of  a  clergyman,  and  without  public  services,  until  the 
building  was  ready  for  use.  After  some  years  of  struggling  the  parish 
gained  great  prosperity,  especially  under  the  ministry  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  David 
C.  Page,  and  the  Rev.  William  Jackson.  During  the  rectorship  of  the  latter 
a  new  parish,  St.  Paul's,  was  organized  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  Church 
folk  in  Louisville ;  but  the  new  movement  depleted  the  old  parish  so  consid- 
erably that  for  some  years  Christ  Church  was  again  quite  feeble.  In  1S40 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  C.  Pitkin  became  the  rector,  and  the  tide  of  pros- 
perity again  returned.  In  1844  there  began  the  remarkable  ministry  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  James  Craik,  which  continued  for  tJiirty-eight  years,  ending  with 
his  entering  into  rest  June  9,  1S82.  The  progress  and  influence  of  the 
parish  under  the  leadership  of  this  saintly  man  have  been  almost  unpre 
cedentcd  in  this  country. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


53 


His  great  ability,  his  laborious  life,  and  his  personal  example   brought 
■about  results  of  the  most  gratifying  character. 

He  taught  his  congregation  to  do  good  to  others  in  the  name  of  the 
Lord ;  and  the  visible  results  to-day  are  new  parishes  in  other  places, 
the  Orphanage  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  the  Home  of  the  Innocents,  and  the 
Church  Home  and  In- 
firmary. He  grew  to 
be  a  man  of  command- 
ing influence  in  the  dio- 
cese, and  five  times  held 
the  office  of  president 
of  the  House  of  Clerical 
and  Lay  Deputies  of  the 
General  Convention, 
the  highest  ofKce  that 
can  be  held  by  a  priest 
in  the  American  Church. 
His  influence  was  still 
further  spread  by  his 
published  works,  which 
have  not  only  edified  the 
Christian  world,  but 
have  very  materially 
moulded  Christian  opin- 
ion. In  1870  the  Rev. 
Dr.  John  N.  Norton 
became  the  associate 
of  Dr.  Craik  in  the  work 
of  Christ  Church,  and 
proved  himself  to  be  a 
most  noble  helper.  He 
was  an  interesting  preacher,  an  indefatigable  worker,  and  a  friend  of  the 
poor.  As  an  author  his  name  is  known  everywhere.  He  served  for  eleven 
years,  passing  into  life  eternal  on  the  i8th  of  January,  1881.  Dr.  Craik 
survived  his  fellow-worker  only  eighteen  months.  His  last  assistant  was 
his  own  son,  the  Rev.  Charles  Ewell  Craik,  who  succeeded  to  the  rectorship 
in  1882,  and  now  continues  most  creditably  the  good  work  of  the  men  who 
preceded  him.  In  grateful  memory  of  Dr.  Craik  a  member  of  the  parish 
has  given  a  splendid  four-story  fire-proof  building,  costing  one  hundred 
thousand  dollars,  as  a  Church  Home  and  Infirmary.  Dr.  Norton's  memory 
is  kept  alive  by  a  building  which  he  erected  at  his  own  expense  for  the  use 
of  the  colored  people.     It  is  known  as  the  Church  of  Our  Merciful  Saviour. 


Christ  Church,   LouisviUe,  Ky. 


54  A'/.\'6'.S-  HANDBOOK  OJ-    EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CHURCH,  Rochester,  N.Y.,  is  the  mother  parish  of 
Rochester.  There  are  now  nine  other  Churches,  all  but  two  of  which  are 
largely  indebted  to  St.  Luke's  for  their  inception  and  establishment.  This 
parish  was  organized  by  the  Rev.  Henry  U.  Onderdonk,  "  rector  of  .St. 
John's  Ciuirch,  Canandaigua,  and  missionary  in  parts  adjacent,"  on  the  four- 
teenth day  of  July,  1S17.  Stated  services  were  held  by  the  Rev.  George  H. 
Norton  and  the  Rev.  A.  W.  Welton.  Bishop  Hobart  confirmed  four  persons 
on  his  first  visitation  to  the  infant  parish  in  September,  1818.  In  1820  the 
first  Church  edifice  was  erected,  being  a  wooden  building,  38  by  46  feet,  with 
a  bell-tower ;  and  the  Rev.  Francis  H.  Cuming  became  the  first  rector.  The 
little  Church  was  first  occupied  on  Christmas  Day,  and  was  consecrated 
by  Bishop  Hobart  on  the  20th  of  February  ensuing.  The  prosperity  of  the 
parish,  however,  soon  induced  the  vestry  to  resolve  upon  building  a  new 
Church  ;  and,  accordingly,  the  corner-stone  of  another  structure  was  laid 
May  II,  1824,  and  the  old  frame  Church  was  moved  to  the  rear  of  the  lot, 
and  devoted  to  Sunday-school  uses.  The  new  building,  whose  general  exte- 
rior features  have  in  the  main  been  preserved  through  every  enlargement 
and  improvement,  cost  $10,400,  and  contained  an  organ  built  by  Hall  & 
Erben  of  New  York  at  an  additional  e.xpense  of  $1,300;  the  instrumental 
music  in  the  old  Church  having  been  furnished  by  a  violin,  flute,  clarionet, 
and  bass-viol.  The  edifice  was  opened  for  public  worship  Sept.  4,  1825. 
The  following  contemporary  description  is  taken  from  the  first  Rochester 
Directory,  published  in  1827  :  — 

"The  style  of  the  building  is  Gothic,  which  has  been  rigidly  observed  in 
every  particular.  The  main  part  of  the  front  is  of  hewn  gray  stone  from 
Auburn.  The  two  corners  of  the  tower  and  the  corners  of  the  body  of  the 
house  are  of  red  freestone,  as  are  also  the  water-table,  the  caps,  sills  and 
jambs  of  the  windows  and  doors.  The  two  windows  in  the  tower  are  strik- 
ingly beautiful,  containing  a  proper  number  of  spandrels  and  branching  mul- 
lions,  and  ornamented  with  rich  and  delicate  tracery.  The  tower  is  sixteen 
feet  square,  projecting  five  feet  beyond  the  body  of  the  Church,  and  rising  to 
the  height  of  ninety  feet.  In  the  arrangement  of  the  interior  will  be  seen 
convenience,  elegance,  and  a  strict  economy  of  room.  The  ceiling  is  fin- 
ished with  intersecting  vaulted  or  groined  arches,  ornamented  with  stucco- 
work.     In  the  Church  is  placed  a  large  and  remarkably  fine-toned  organ." 

The  Church  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Hobart,  Sept.  30,  1826,  the  cere- 
mony having  been  thus  long  delayed  owing  to  the  bishop's  absence  in 
Europe.  In  1828  an  enlargement  of  the  building  by  an  addition  of  two 
arches  at  the  chancel  end  was  deemed  expedient,  which  improvement 
increased  its  length  by  thirty  feet.  In  1832  a  Sunday-school  building  was 
erected  in  the  rear  of  the  Church,  displacing  the  old  wooden  structure  which 
up  to  this  date  had  served  for  .Sundav-school  purposes.     In  1S50  a  new  organ 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


55 


was  procured  of  Appleton  &  Warren,  and  a  chime   of  bells   placed  in   the 
tower  at  a  cost  of  $3,600,     In  1855  handsome  stained  glass  was   inserted  in 


St.  Luke's  Church,  Rochester,  N.Y. 


the  windows,  the  interior  frescoed,  and  the  tower  remodelled  as  it  is  shown 
in  the  cut.  The  expense  of  these  improvements  amounted  to  over  $5,000. 
In  1866  a  new  and  commodious  Sunday-school  building  was  completed 
at  a  cost  of  $6,000,  which  has  afforded  ample  facilities  for  the  numerous 
parochial  organizations  which  have  since  developed  the  Christian  activity  of 


56  A'/XCrS   IIAXDBOOK  OF  RriSCOPAL    Crn'RCHES. 

the  parish.  In  this  same  year  the  present  rector,  having  just  entered  upon 
his  duties,  urged  the  advisability  of  thorouglily  remodelling  and  refitting  the 
interior  of  the  Church,  and  placing  the  whole  edifice  in  the  best  possible 
condition.  The  congregation  promptly  responded  with  $26,000,  part  of 
which,  however,  was  applied  in  liquidation  of  an  e.xisting  indebtedness. 
Before  this  remodelling  of  the  edifice,  there  was  no  middle  alley  and  no 
entrance  through  the  tower ,  the  pews  had  doors  as  high  as  the  backs  of  the 
seats  ;  there  were  square  pews  in  the  gallery,  and  the  building  was  heated 
with  stoves.  Steam-heating  apparatus  was  now  introduced  throughout  the 
Church  and  Sunday-school  building;  and  the  organ  was  renovated,  and  its 
power  increased  by  several  stops.  Since  that  time  various  permanent 
improvements  have  been  effected  (including  lighting  by  electricity)  at  an 
aggregate  cost  of  $14,800. 

The  Christian  activities  of  St.  Luke's  Parish,  which  had  been  gradually 
developing,  were  consolidated  into  one  organization  at  Easter,  1882,  under 
the  title  of  St.  Luke's  Guild.  This  general  organization  embraces  twelve 
chapters,  including  the  brotherhood,  eacli  actively  at  work  in  its  special 
department,  under  the  personal  supervision  of  the  rector,  and  governed  by 
the  Guild  Council,  which  is  constituted  of  tlie  general  officers  and  the 
chapter  representatives. 

St.  Luke's  has  had  but  seven  rectors  in  the  seventy-one  jears  of  its 
existence :  The  Rev.  F.  H.  Cuming ;  the  Right  Rev.  Henry  J.  Whitehouse, 
D.D.,  late  Bishop  of  Illinois;  the  Rev.  Dr.  T.  C.  Pitkin;  the  Right  Rev. 
Henry  W.  Lee,  D.D.,  late  Bishop  of  Iowa;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Benjamin  Watson  ; 
the  Rev.  Dr.  R.  Bethell  Claxton  ;  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Anstice,  who  is 
still  rector  after  an  incumbency  of  twenty-two  and  a  half  years. 

There  are  at  present  in  the  parish  320  families  and  650  communicants. 
The  working  force  consists  of  the  rector,  an  assistant  minister,  a  deaconess, 
and  about  two  hundred  active  members  of  the  Guild.  The  harmony  and 
prosperity  whicli  characterize  the  parish  leave  nothing  in  these  respects  to  be 
desired. 


KING'S  I/ANDBOOA'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


57 


€{)e  Cljird  J^crioli. 


PARISH   CHURCHES   AND  PARISH  BUILDINGS. 


Font  in  St.  Luke's,   Lebanon. 


|N  the  past  fifty  years,  especially  in  the  latter 
half  of  that  period,  there  has  been  great 
activity  in  the  construction  of  Church 
buildings.  The  advance  made  in  archi- 
tectural skill,  and  the  growth  of  financial 
ability  on  the  part  of  many  parishes,  have 
made  it  possible  to  construct  better  build- 
ings than  were  those  of  an  earlier  period. 
Of  late  years  the  enlarged  opportunities 
for  usefulness  which  have  opened  out  in 
many  directions  have  called  for  some- 
thing beside  places  for  Sunday  worship; 
and  so  there  have  come  into  existence 
Guild  Houses,  Parish  Buildings,  Halls, 
and  a  variety  of  like  structures.  A  parish  to-day,  in  an  active  community,  finds 
itself  in  need  of  a  place  of  meeting  for  its  Sunday-school  and  Bible  classes, 
for  its  sewing  societies  and  young  men's  clubs,  and  for  other  branches  of  its 
parochial  organization.  In  the  effort  to  meet  the  demand  for  such  accom- 
modations, considerable  ingenuity  has  been  exhibited  by  the  architects,  and 
large  sums  of  money  have  been  spent  by  vestries  and  individuals. 

Most  of  the  Churches  included  in  this  chapter  have  their  Guild  Houses 
or  Halls  or  Parish  Buildings,  although  in  some  instances  it  has  not  been 
possible  to  represent  them  in  the  pictures. 

TRINITY  CHURCH,  Nev^^-York  City.  —  Whatever  may  be  the  promi- 
nence of  other  parishes,  a  leading  place  must  be  accorded  "  Old  Trinity." 
Its  beginning  was  coincident  with  the  English  control  of  New  York:  its 
great  revenues  have  been  wisely  expended  for  the  strengthening  of  the 
Church  at  large,  and  its  earnestness  has  made  it  a  power  for  good  in  the  life 
of  the  greatest  city  in  the  New  World. 

The  first  services  of  the  English  Church  in  New  York  date  back  to  1674, 
W'hen  the  province  of  New  Amsterdam  was  ceded  by  the  Dutch  to  the 
English.    These  services  were  held  for  twentv-three  years  in  the  little  chapel 


58 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


near  the  Battery ;  but  on  Sunday,  March  13,  1697,  a  new  building  was  opened. 
It  was  small,  nearly  square  in  shape,  very  i)lain,  and  had  a  gallery  for  the 
use  of  the  Governor  and  his  family.  In  that  same  year  a  royal  charter  was 
secured,  establishing  "The  Parish  of  Trinity  Church."  Among  its  pro- 
visions were  the  following :  That  the  Church 
already  erected,  with  the  grounds  adjoining, 
enclosed  and  used  as  a  cemetery,  should  be  the 
parish  Church  and  Churchyard  of  TrinityChurch 
within  the  city  of  New  York,  and  that  the  Bishop 
of  London  should  be  the  rector,  with  one  as- 
sistant in  priest's  orders  and  a  clerk.  Nomi- 
nally the  rectorship  was  held  by  the  Bishop 
of  London ;  but  the  first  rector  was  the  Rev. 
William  Vesey,  who  served  for  nearly  fifty  years. 
"  During  his  term  of  office  the  charter  of  the 
parish  was  amended,  improved,  and  cleared  of 


Trinity  Church,  New-York  City. 

all  defects.  Valuable  endowments  were  secured,  the  benefits  of  which  are 
still  enjoyed  after  the  lapse  of  nearly  200  years.  The  Church  was  enlarged 
and  beautified,  and  great  numbers  of  people  in  the  city  and  vicinity  were 
brought  from  dissent  into  the  communion  of  the  Church." 

The  amended  (.hartcr  of  1704  perfected  the  title  of  the  building  and  the 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  59 

cemetery,  and  in  1705  the  Crown  made  a  grant  of  what  was  known  first  as 
the  "  Dominie's  Bowery,"  then  as  the  "  Duke's  Farm,"  the  "  King's  Farm," 
and  the  "  Queen's  Farm,"  to  have  and  to  hold  forever.  This  tract  of  land 
extended  from  Vesey  Street  to  Christopher,  along  the  North  River.  Mr. 
William  H.  Rideing,  in  an  article  in  "Scribner's  Magazine  "  in  1879,  says, 
"  One  has  only  to  look  at  the  map  to  see  the  enormous  value  this  gift  has 
acquired  in  the  development  of  the  city ;  perhaps  no  other  real  estate  of  the 
same  extent  in  the  world  is  worth  the  same  price ;  but  the  rents  that  could 
be  collected  from  it  174  years  ago  were  not  great,  and  Trinity  Parish  at 
that  time  stood  in  need  of  money.  The  revenues  of  the  parish  are  now 
grossly  exaggerated  in  thb  popular  imagination.  If  the  parish  had  held  to 
itself  all  the  land  included  in  Queen  Anne's  grant,  its  financial  receipts 
to-day  would  be  immense  ;  but  for  nearly  a  century  Trinity  continued  to  give 
away  portions  of  its  land  to  most  of  the  institutions  and  Churches  that  asked 
for  it,  not  limiting  its  beneficence  to  the  city  or  to  religious  purposes,  and, 
in  the  case  of  St.  George's  alone,  contributing  over  a  quarter  of  a  million 
of  dollars  in  money  and  lands. 

"  As  a  matter  of  fact,  very  little  of  the  original  grant  remains  in  possession 
of  the  Church ;  so  that  some  twenty-five  years  ago,  when  the  parish  had 
become  involved  in  financial  embarrassment  through  its  generosity,  a  change 
was  necessary  in  the  policy  hitherto  pursued,  — a  change  which  took  effect 
in  restricting  gifts  to  the  limits  of  the  parish,  excepting  cases  in  which  poor 
Churches  had  become  dependent  on  the  corporation,  and  could  not  exist 
without  continued  assistance. 

"A  large  part  of  the  present  income  of  the  parish  is  expended  in  keeping 
up  the  estate.  About  one-tenth  is  given  to  poor  Churches  outside  of  the 
parish,  and  not  one  dollar  is  hoarded  up.  A  very  large  sum  is  paid  to 
the  city  each  year  in  taxes  and  assessments.  The  balance  is  used  in 
supporting  the  parish  Church  and  its  chapels  and  schools  and  numerous 
institutions  of  charity  and  benevolence." 

At  frequent  intervals,  suits  at  law  have  been  instituted  by  alleged  heirs 
for  the  purpose  of  taking  the  property  out  of  the  possession  of  the  parish. 
The  claims  of  these  persons  to  the  property  have  been,  however,  examined 
by  the  highest  legal  authority  in  the  land  ;  and  the  titles  of  the  parish  have 
been  declared  again  and  again  to  be  valid  and  entirely  incontestable. 

As  the  influence  and  wealth  of  the  parish  were  improving,  during  the 
ministry  of  Dr.  Auchmutjf,  the  Revolution  was  brewing  ;  and  soon  it  became 
an  offence  to  pray  for  the  King  and  the  royal  family.  The  troubles  increased, 
so  that  the  Church  had  to  be  closed  until  the  return  of  the  British  army, 
when  it  was  again  opened;  but  within  a  few  days  it  was  burned  down, 
together  with  the  rector's  house  and  charity  school.  Dr.  Auchmuty  died  in 
1777,  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  Inglis,  who,  however,  was 


6o  A'/A'G'S  HANDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    Cl/L'KCHES. 

banished  by  the  Colonial  Government,  and  his  estates  were  confiscated. 
The  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  Provoost  was  his  successor  ;  and  during  his  incum- 
bency the  ritual  was  revised  by  omitting  the  prayers  for  the  King,  and  the 
Church  was  rebuilt  in  1778  on  the  former  site.  This  edifice  continued  in 
use  until  in  1839  it  was  found  to  be  unsafe.  The  present  structure  is  the 
third  on  the  same  site.  It  was  completed  in  1846  from  designs  of  Richard 
L'pjohn,  the  architect. 

Says  Mr.  Rideing,  '•  There  are  few  persons,  believers  or  infidels,  who  do 
not  possess  an  affectionate  interest  in  '  Old  Trinity.'  It  e.\ists  for  one  pur- 
pose ;  and  that  is  expressed,  when,  above  the  noise  of  the  traffic  that  plies 
around  it,  its  chimes  ring  out  their  melodious  proclamations.  In  this  vicinity 
Broadway  is  crowded  to  e.xcess.  From  early  morning  until  late  at  night, 
busy  or  careworn  business  men  hasten  past  the  Church,  or  pause  to  talk  in 
its  shadow ;  and  the  fine  Gothic  pile  of  brown  sandstone  commemorating 
the  geherations  associated  with  it  can  hardly  fail  to  awaken  thoughts  of 
more  enduring  things  than  the  commerce  which  impels  these  eager  mer- 
chants, brokers,  and  bankers.  The  doors  are  ever  open  in  the  daytime; 
and  from  the  feverish  traffic  of  the  street,  one  may  transfer  himself  to  the 
calm  of  the  interior,  where  the  light  is  softened  here,  or  enriched  there,  by 
filtration  through  the  stained-glass  windows.  The  oaken  pews  have  flowers 
and  scrolls  carved  upon  them  ;  and  the  groined  roof  is  supported  by  colon- 
nades of  sandstone,  which  in  the  mellow  atmosphere  lose  all  the  obduracy 
of  their  material.  The  altar  and  reredos  are  wrought  out  of  wliite  and  red 
marble,  which,  combined  with  Caen-stone,  mosaics,  and  cameos,  gives  the 
effect  of  folds  over  folds  of  lace." 

It  is  one  of  the  most  satisfactory  interiors  lor  all  those  who  feel  that  a 
Church  edifice  should  itself  suggest  and  teach  religious  truths,  and  no  one 
can  enter  its  portals  witiiout  realizing  that  this  indeed  is  a  house  of  God. 

But,  however  beautiful  the  building  and  its  appointments,  nothing  in  this 
country  can  exceed  the  grandeur  of  the  services  lield  within  these  walls, 
especially  on  the  great  Church  festivals. 

Very  simple  are  the  daily  services,  often  without  music ;  but  on  Sundays 
and  great  festal  days,  they  are  enriched  lyitil  they  surpass  description.  The 
fame  of  these  services,  espcciallv  those  of  Ascension  Day.  brings  together 
great  crowds  of  people,  so  that  the  late  comer  finds  not  even  standing-room. 

The  parish  has  done  much  for  the  improvement  of  Church  music  in  this 
country,  especially  through  the  development  of  her  vested  choirs  of  men  and 
boys.  It  was  the  cradle  of  choral  culture  in  New  York,  although  it  had  no 
surpliced  choir  until  i860,  and  it  was  not  the  first  to  introduce  one  in  this 
country  ;  but  boys  had  been  used  in  its  choir  a  full  century  before  they  wore 
cottas,  and  sat  in  the  chancel. 

In   1859,  when   Dr.  Henry  S.  Cutler  i)ccame  tiie  organist  of  Trinitv,  he 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  6 1 

moved  his  choir  from  the  gallery  of  the  Church  to  the  seats  at  the  head  of 
the  nave,  all  the  members  of  the  choir  being  then  boys  and  men.  As  this 
space  was  soon  needed,  the  singers,  not  yet  vested,  were  next  seated  in 
the  chancel;  and  finally,  in  i860,  they  were  vested.  The  experiment,  begun 
twenty-nine  years  ago,  seems  to  have  become  a  permanent  feature  of  the 
Church  and  its  chapels.  Of  these  chapels,  St.  George's  has  become  inde- 
pendent. The  others  founded  by  Trinity  are  St.  Paul's,  1766;  St.  John's, 
1807;  Trinity  Chapel,  1855;  St.  Cornelius,  1868;  St.  Chrysostom's,  1869; 
St.  Augustine's,  1877. 

"  Trinity  Churchyard,  lying  like  a  closed  volume  alongside  the  noisiest 
and  busiest  thoroughfare  in  America,  is  in  itself  an  impressive  and  endearing 
history."  It  is  little  noticed  by  the  hurrying  multitudes  who  pass  it  daily  in 
the  rush  of  business ;  but  it  is  an  interesting  spot,  whether  we  consider  it 
simply  as  a  resting-place  for  the  dead  in  the  shadow  of  an  old  Church  in  the 
heart  of  a  great  city,  or  whether  we  regard  it  as  connecting  the  prosperous 
present  of  this  great  city  with  her  precarious  beginnings.  "  To  spend  a  few 
minutes  in  this  sacred  enclosure  is  like  paying  a  visit  to  a  former  city. 
Genius,  beauty,  worth,  and  patriotism,  —  behold!  their  reminders  are  on 
every  side.  Distinguished  scions  of  Europe's  nobility,  names  known  to 
fame,  leaders  in  thought  and  action,  our  own  brave  ones,  and  the  ancestors 
of  the  leaders  of  to-day  have  found  a  resting-place  here.  The  governor,  the 
poet,  and  the  soldier  share  equally  in  this  consecrated  spot.  You  may  find 
traces  of  almost  every  great  period  in  the  history  of  our  country,  as  you 
study  the  names  carved  on  these  stones." 

There  have  been  nine  rectors  of  Trinity  Parish.  The  present  rector  is 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  Dix.  The  average  period  of  services  of  his  predeces- 
sors was  twenty-five  years.  He  succeeded  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  Berrian  in 
1862,  and  thus  has  been  over  a  quarter  of  a  century  in  this  important  position. 

Dr.  Dix  is  a  scholar,  a  vigorous  speaker,  a  man  of  upright  life,  and  has 
the  qualities  that  make  a  great  leader.  He  is  aided  by  a  corps  of  efficient 
assistants,  both  clerical  and  lay;  and  the  extensive  and  complicated  affairs 
of  this  great  parish,  with  its  chapels,  schools,  and  institutions,  are  admirably 
managed. 

GRACE  CHURCH,  New -York  City. —  Two  of  the  landmarks  on 
Broadway  are  "Old  Trinity,"  at  the  lower  end,  and  Grace  Church,  near 
Union  Square.  When  the  latter  parish  was  organized  in  1808,  its  edifice 
was  at  the  corner  of  Broadway  and  Rector  Street,  quite  near  Trinity.  That 
neighborhood  was  then  the  residence  portion  of  the  city.  In  1844  the  pres- 
ent location,  at  the  corner  of  Tenth  Street,  was  selected.  It  was  thought 
to  be  very  far  up  town,  and  but  few  persons  ever  expected  to  see  the  city- 
spreading  out  as  it  now  does  miles  beyond. 


62 


A'/XG'S  I/AXOnOOK  OF  E/'/SCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


The  graceful  building  which  has  become  the  centre  of  so  much  religious 
interest  was  first  used  for  services  March  7,  1846.  It  belongs  to  the  "  Deco- 
rated "  or  "  Middle  Pointed"  style  of  architecture,  and,  with  its  rectory  and 
other  buildings,  makes  a  very  conspicuous  group  on  one  of  the  most  travelled 
of  all  thoroughfares.  Until  lately  its  spire 
was  of  wood,  but  it  has  now  been  rebuilt  of 
stone.  The  group  consists  of  the  Church 
with  the  rectory  and  Grace  House  on  the 
north,  and  a  chantry  on  the  south.  The 
grounds  on  the  north  are  very  attractively 
laid  out,  and  are  always  well  kept.  The 
great  east  window  of  the  Church  is  filled 
with  rich  stained  glass,  and  represents  the 
Church  triumphant.  It  is  thirty-four  feet 
high  and  si.xteen  feet  wide.  The  window, 
the  reredos,  and  the  marble  tiling  are  the  gift 
of  Miss  Catharine  L.  Wolfe,  whose  bene- 
factions to  the  parish  have  been  most  munifi- 
cent. She  continued  the  noble  generosity 
of   her  father,  and    enriched    the    parish    in 


•i'.:t';niiiiiiiii><i^"'!' 


Grace  Church,   New-Yoik  City. 


various  ways.  In  addition  to  the  gift  of  Grace  House  (a  building  having 
quarters  for  the  assistant,  and  containing  guild-rooms,  etc)  and  other  gifts, 
she  bequeathed  a  fund  of  $350,000,  the  income  of  which  is  to  be  devoted  to 
the  support  of  public  services,  and  for  repairs  to  the  buildings. 

The  parish  has  had  many  generous  helpers  in  time  past.      One  of  the 
most  interesting  of  the  recent  benefactions  has  been  the  deaconess  fund  of 


K[NG'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  6^ 

f  10,000,  set  apart  in  May,  1877,  by  two  sisters,  in  memory  of  their  deceased 
brother,  to  be  known  as  "The  Henry  P.  Campbell  Deaconess  Fund."  Its 
income  is  for  the  support  of  a  form  of  woman's  work  of  which  there  is  great 
need  in  a  large  city,  and  provides  ministrations  for  the  poor  and  suffering, 
and  careful  personal  oversight. 

The  parish  is  in  earnest  in  carrying  forward  plans  of  usefulness.  First 
of  all,  it  has  an  open  Church.  Every  day  its  doors  are  open  for  all  who 
wish  to  come  in,  and  rest  awhile  or  pray.  A  record  kept  by  the  custodian 
shows  that  for  a  period  of  six  months  there  were  27,000  week-day  visitors, 
or  an  average  of  over  150  every  day.  Then  there  is  a  daily  service.  In 
addition  to  the  services  held  on  holy  days  in  the  Church,  there  is  a  Litany 
service  on  Wednesdays,  and  daily  evening  prayers  in  the  chantry.  This 
chantry,  on  the  south  of  the  main  building,  is  a  complete  little  Church  in 
itself;  and  the  number  of  those  who  find  their  way  there  to  unite  in  the  ser- 
vices is  steadily  increasing.  The  Eucharist  is  celebrated  every  Lord's  Day, 
and  on  all  the  holy  days  throughout  the  year. 

The  organizations  in  the  parish  are  numerous.  There  are  the  Sunday, 
school,  the  Benevolent  Society,  St.  Luke's  Association  for  the  care  of  the 
sick,  and  the  Women's  Missionary  Society.  Grace  House,  the  privileges  of 
which  are  open  to  all  persons  connected  with  Grace  Church  and  Chapel, 
has  its  library  and  reading-room.  An  Industrial  School  and  a  day  nursery 
and  clothing  depositories  are  maintained.  The  most  important  adjunct  to 
Grace  Church  is  its  Chapel  on  Fourteenth  Street,  a  fine  large  building, 
with  a  pastor,  a  vested  choir,  a  Sunday-school,  a  guild,  and  a  company 
of  the  Knights  of  Temperance.  At  Advent,  1887,  the  parish,  including  the 
chapel,  numbered  1,200  communicants,  1,200  members  of  its  Sunday-schools, 
and  500  members  of  the  Industrial  School.  The  contributions,  exclusive  of 
the  expense  account,  for  a  year  reached  the  sum  of  $45,300,  of  which  $2,900 
went  to  domestic  missions,  $2,291  to  city  missions,  and  $1,500  to  hospitals. 

The  parish  is  now  under  the  charge  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  R.  Hunt- 
ington, who  entered  upon  his  duties  in  September,  1884.  The  rector  is  well 
known  throughout  the  country,  because  of  his  active  membership  in  the 
Church  Congress  and  in  the  Church  Temperance  Society,  and  his  promi- 
nence in  the  work  of  the  General  Convention.  He  is  an  author  of  some 
widely  read  books,  and  a  preacher  of  distinguished  ability. 

The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Dr.  Nathaniel  Bowen,  who  served  from 
1808  to  1818.  The  Rev.  James  Montgomery,  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  M.  Wain- 
wright,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  H.  Taylor  were  successively  rectors.  The 
latter  continued  in  charge  from  1834  to  1868,  when  he  was  followed  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Henry  C.  Potter.  Dr.  Potter's  rectorship  ended  with  his  conse- 
cration as  assistant  bishop  of  New  York  in  1883. 


64  A'/A'G'S  JIAA'DBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

THE  CHURCH  OF  THE  EPIPHANY,  Washington,  D.C.  —  The 
engraving  gives  but  a  partial  view  of  the  Churcii  of  the  Epiphany;  the  tran- 
septs, the  large  recessed  chancel,  and  the  guild  and  Sunday-school  building 
being  hidden  from  view.  The  structure  is  of  brick,  with  stone  trimmings, 
and  its  history  is  summed  up  in  the  brown-stone  tablet  set  in  the  wall  over 
the  main  entrance. 

CHURCH    OF  THE   EPIPHANY. 
ERECTED   AD.    1844;    ENLARGED,    A.D.    1857;    REMODELLED,    A.D.    1874. 

Whilst  the  exterior  of  the  Church  is  not  i)rei)OSsessing,  the  interior  is 
pleasing  and  harmonious.  The  auditorium,  including  the  transejits  and 
their  galleries,  will  hold  fifteen  hundred  people,  whilst  the  communicants  of 
the  parish  numbered,  in  i888,  over  fifteen  hundred  souls.  The  chancel  is 
deep  and  broad,  and  contains  a  memorial  window  which  treats  in  a  very 
interesting  manner  the  Scripture  event  whence  the  Church  takes  its  name. 
Beneath  this  window  stands  a  beautiful  marble  altar.  The  walls  of  the 
Church  are  tinted  a  buff  color,  the  woodwork  is  of  walnut  finish,  plain  but 
handsome,  and  the  windows  of  stained  glass.  The  choir  gallery  extends 
across  the  front  of  the  Church  ;  and,  in  the  midst  of  it,  set  partly  into  the 
tower-recess,  stands  a  large  organ  of  conventional  form.  A  very  large  sum 
of  money  has  been  spent  in  the  building  and  improving  the  Church.  The 
same  amount  in  hand  would  now  build  a  spacious  and  far  more  beautiful 
structure;  but  there  is  a  "home-likeness"  about  Epiphany  that  is  very 
attractive,  and  the  vast  congregation  that  has  grown  up  in  it  are  deeply 
attached  to  the  old  Church. 

The  parish  began  as  a  missionary  enterprise,  under  the  care  of  the  Rev. 
Jonathan  W.  French.  The  generosity  of  some  of  the  first  parishioners 
nourished  the  enterprise:  ground  was  given  for  the  Church  at  its  present 
location,  and  the  first  building  was  erected  in  1844,  and  became  the  nucleus 
of  the  structure  as  it  now  stands.  During  the  rectorship  of  the  Rev.  Charles 
H.  Hall,  D.D.,  the  Church  was  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  the  transepts, 
and  could  scarcely  then  contain  the  throngs  that  attended  his  preaching  and 
his  able  ministrations.  Many  interesting  episodes  could  be  told  of  the  war 
times,  of  Epiphany's  being  used  as  a  hospital,  of  the  occupation  by  Edwin 
M.  Stanton  of  the  pen*  vacated  by  Jefferson  Davis.  Under  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Starkey  (now  bishop)  and  the  Rev.  \V.  F.  Watkins,  D.D.,  the  parish  con- 
tinued to  flourish.  When  the  Rev.  William  Paret,  D.D.,  came  to  this 
parish,  he  saw  that  there  were  grand  possibilities  in  Epiphany;  and  these, 
he,  by  his  energy,  perseverance,  and  executive  ability  during  the  course  of 
his  rectorship,  made  a  fact.  When  he  was  raised  to  the  Episcopate  as 
bishop  of  Maryland,  it  was  a  fitting  recognition  of  his  work  at  Epiphany. 
Under  the    rectorship    of   the    Rev.  Samuel    H.  Giesy,  D.D..  the    Church 


A'/A'G'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHUKCJIF.S. 


65 


maintained  her  pre-eminence  among  the  Churches  of  Maryland,  and  her 
high  position  among  those  of  the  whole  country.  Struck  down  in  December, 
18S7,  by  a  fatal  but  linger- 
ing illness,  Dr.  Giesy  en- 
tered into  rest  in  May,  1888, 
after  a  brief  rectorship  of 
about  four  years,  beloved 
and  mourned  by  all.  The 
Church  was  more  prosper- 
ous under  his  ministrations 
than  at  any  previous  pe- 
riod. During  the  last  few 
years  of  her  existence,  the 
Church  of  the  Epiphany 
has  vastly  increased  in 
numbers,  influence,  and 
power.  Though  not  a  rich 
parish,  there  is,  perhaps, 
none  stronger  in  ways  and 
works  to  do  good.  All 
branches  of  Church  life  and 
enterprise  are  represented : 
chapel,  men's  meeting,  and 
^mothers'  meeting,  guilds, 
sewing-schools.  Aid  S  o- 
ciety,  and  the  like.  Epiph- 
any Old  Ladies'  Home  is 
a  beautiful  charity,  excel- 
lently conducted  and  main- 
tained. The  Lenthall  Home 
for  Widows  is  also  a  most 
excellent  enterprise  con- 
nected with  the  parish. 
The  vestrymen  are  men 
"  known  and  approved,"  faithful  and  sincere.  The  parish  is  united.  There 
is,  perhaps,  no  Church  in  the  country  where  the  personal  power,  spiritual  and 
intellectual,  of  a  rector,  is  capable  of  producing  wider  and  greater  results. 

ST.  MARK'S  CHURCH,  Frankford,  Philadelphia.  —Very  few  parishes 
have  become  so  well  known  throughout  the  country  as  St.  Mark's.  The 
interest  which  has  in  late  years  been  awakened  in  parochial  organizations  and 
in  other  measures  for  reaching  the  people  has  directed  especial  attention 


The  Church  of  the  Epiphany,  Washington,    D.C. 


66 


A'/XG'S   llAMJIWOK   OF  FP/SCO/'A/.    CUCRCIIES. 


to  llie  noble  work  done  in  tliis  parisli  among  the  laboring  classes.  The 
])arish  is  in  the  midst  of  mills  and  factories,  and  has  proven,  not  only 
that  the  Episcopal  Church  can  reach  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  men.  but 
that  it  is  emphatically  the  workingman's  Church. 


St.  Mark's  Church,  Frankford,  Philadelphia,  Penn. 

Services  were  held  in  Frankford  as  far  back  as  1754  by  the  rectors  of 
the  neighboring  Oxford  parish,  but  no  attempt  was  made  to  establish  a  per- 
manent mission.  Meanwhile  the  village  increased  in  numbers,  and  many 
Englisli  families  settled  there,  seeking  employment  in  the  manufactories 
wliich  had  l)een  established. 


A-/A'G'S  1/ AND  BOO  A-  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  6y 

In  1832  the  cholera,  then  raging  in  Philadelpiiia,  sent  many  families  to 
reside  in  the  rural  districts,  a  number  going  to  Frankford.  Among  these 
was  a  zealous  member  of  the  Church,  Mrs.  Mary  Glen,  a  communicant  of 
St.  Peter's,  Philadelphia,  who,  guided  by  the  Holy  Spirit,  determined  in 
conjunction  with  others  resident  in  the  town  to  establish  a  Sunday  school. 
They  hired  a  room  ;  and  in  the  autumn  of  that  year,  1S32,  calling  in  as  many 
of  the  children  as  they  could  reach,  with  some  of  the  parents  also,  they  held 
their  tirst  service  with  Prayer-Book  in  hand,  and  laid  the  foundation  of  the 
present  St.  Mark's.  The  regular  service  was  soon  introduced  ;  and  the  little 
gathering  was  ministered  to  by  the  Rev.  George  Sheets  of  Trinity  Church, 
Oxford,  who,  as  rector  of  the  parish,  gave  the  most  faithful  attendance  upon 
this  growing  mission.  At  the  end  of  three  years  the  congregation  had  so 
increased,  that  it  became  necessary  to  find  a  larger  place  for  services ;  and 
a  building  which  had  been  used  as  an  academy  was  secured.  In  1835  a  lot 
of  ground  was  purchased,  and  a  small  chapel  erected  thereon.  This  was 
enlarged  two  years  later,  in  1837. 

In  1837  a  piece  of  land  on  the  main  street  of  the  town,  the  "  King's 
Highway"  of  the  previous  century,  was  deeded  in  trust  to  Trinity  Church, 
Oxford,  "for  the  purpose,  only  and  forever,  of  an  Episcopal  Church  in 
Frankford,  to  be  erected  there."  This  is  the  lot  upon  which  the  present 
St.  Mark's  Church  stands.  It  is  upon  the  main  street  in  an  important  part 
of  the  town. 

The  parish  was  organized  under  the  name  of  St.  Mark's,  July,  1845. 
The  present  building  was  consecrated  in  1846.  The  first  rector  was  the 
Rev.  Henry  S.  Spackman.  He  was  succeeded  April  10,  1853,  by  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Daniel  S.  Miller,  who  remained  rector  until  May,  1881. 

During  his  eventful  ministry  many  successful  experiments  were  made 
for  improving  the  condition  of  the  poor,  for  interesting  working-people  in 
the  Church,  and  for  utilizing  the  activities  of  lay-people.  From  the  first. 
Dr.  Miller  had  the  co-operation  and  help  of  William  Welsh,  who  became 
the  head  of  the  Sunday  school,  and  a  leader  in  other  directions.  He  was 
predominant  in  every  activity  possible  to  a  layman.  His  family  was  as 
enthusiastic  as  he;  and  their  enthusiasm  spread  to  others,  so  that  St.  Mark's 
became  a  model  parish  in  the  number,  variety,  and  success  of  its  parochial 
activities.  The  growth  of  the  congregation  has  made  it  necessary  to  enlarge 
the  Church  again  and  again,  and  the  parish  has  planted  missions  in  different 
neighborhoods  to  reach  those  outside. 

The  mothers'  meeting,  now  so  well  known  in  many  parishes,  was  started 
here  in  i860  by  Mrs.  William  Welsh.  The  clothing-clubs,  saving-clubs, 
sewing-clubs,  and  the  like,  and  the  many  visits  made  to  the  homes  of  the 
people,  resulted  in  the  wonderful  success  of  the  mothers'  meeting.  The 
Bible-class  for  men,  also  established  by  Mrs.  Welsh,  became  very  efficient 


68  A'/.\'G'S  II A  XD  BOOK  OF  E  PISCO  PA  I.    CHURCHES. 

and  popular.  The  plans  for  reaching  and  benefiting  the  condition  of  the 
operatives  in  the  mills,  the  efforts  for  bringing  together  the  congregation  in 
friendly  relationship,  the  schemes  for  promoting  a  genuine  brotherhood,  have 
resulted  in  developing  such  strength  and  numbers  as  are  rarely  seen  in  a 
parish  of  the  KpiscoiJal  Church.  The  present  number  of  communicants  is 
1,266;  the  Sunday  school  numbers  many  hundreds,  and  the  paroeliial  clubs 
and  societies  have  a  very  large  membership. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Miller,  upon  his  resignation  in  1881,  was  succeeded  by  the 
Rev.  Robert  C.  Booth,  under  whose  ministry  the  prosperity  of  the  parish  has 
continued.  The  Church  building  has  been  of  late  entirely  repaired  and 
decorated,  and  a  choir  of  men  and  boys  has  been  formed. 

THE  CHURCH  OF  THE  TRANSFIGURATION,  New-York  City 

("The  Little  Church  around  the  Corner").  —  Sumc  years  ago  a  request 
was  m.-ide  of  the  minister  of  a  certain  congregation  in  New-York  City,  to 
perform  the  funeral  services  over  the  remains  of  an  actor.  The  request  was 
refused.  The  minister  was  unwilling  to  have  his  place  of  worship  used, 
because  the  deceased  person  was  an  actor.  "  But,"  said  he  to  the  persons 
making  the  application,  "there  is  a  little  church  around  the  corner.  The 
clergy  there  may  be  willing  to  conduct  the  service."  They  were  willing; 
and  this  little  incident  in  the  history  of  the  Church  of  the  Transfiguration  — 
the  bringing  the  body  of  the  actor  there  for  burial  after  the  last  rites  of 
the  Christian  Church  had  been  refused  elsewhere  —  drew  out  towards  the 
Church  of  the  Transfiguration  the  most  kindly  and  tender  feelings,  and 
caused  it  to  become  known  far  and  wide,  at  home  and  abroad,  as  "  The 
Little  Church  around  the  Corner."  It  was  a  very  simple  thing  to  give 
Christian  burial  to  a  baptized  man  who  had  not  laid  violent  hands  on  him- 
self, and  who  had  not  died  excommunicate.  The  same  thing  had  been  done 
again  and  again  in  the  case  of  actors,  and  of  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  men. 
The  clergy  of  the  Transfiguration  felt  themselves  bound  to  administer  the 
consolations  of  religion  to  the  families  and  friends  of  the  members  of 
the  dramatic  calling,  as  well  as  to  members  of  other  callings,  and  knew  no 
reason  for  refusing  to  do  it  in  this  instance.  But  the  circumstances  of  this 
particular  case  became  known,  and  awakened  great  interest  as  the  matter 
was  discussed.  The  churlish  act  of  the  minister  whose  views  were  so  narrow 
formed  the  dark  background  against  which  the  kindlv  but  unjiretentious  act 
of  the  rector  of  the  Transfiguration  stood  out  brightlv.  The  members  of  the 
dramatic  and  musical  circles  were  particularly  interested :  and  kindly  hearts 
among  them  stretched  forth  their  open  hands  with  generous  gifts,  which  as 
speedily  as  received  were  applied  by  the  rector  of  the  Church  for  the  relief 
of  the  needy,  and  in  works  of  beneficence.  "The  Little  Church  around  the 
Corner'"  became  popular  among  tlic  members  of-this  calling,  many  of  wlioni 


KING'S  HANDBOOK-  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


69 


began  to  attend  its  services,  and  to  ask  in  various  ways  for  the  ministrations 
of  its  clergy. 

But  its  popularity  was  not  confined  to  any  one  class.  Previously  well 
known  for  its  activity  as  a  parish,  it  now  only  became  still  better  known. 
Entirely  apart  from  this  incident  of  the  actor's  funeral,  and  the  subse- 
quent increase  thereby  of  friendly  feelings  and  deeds  on  the  part  of  so  many 
towards  this  parish,  it  is  really  a  noteworthy  parish,  and  has  an  interesting 
history. 


The  Church  of  the  Transfiguration,   New-York  City. 


It  has  had  but  one  rector  from  the  time  the  first  service  was  held  down 
to  the  present  day.  The  Rev.  George  H.  Houghton  served  for  si.x  months 
as  the  assistant  at  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Communion,  New  York,  and  then 
began  his  work  of  establishing  and  conducting  a  parish.  He  is  still  its 
earnest  head.  Rooms  for  services  were  fitted  up  in  a  house  on  24th  Street, 
and  Mr.  Houghton  officiated  for  the  first  time  for  the  new  congregation  on 
the  first  Sunday  in  October,  184S.  For  forty  years  he  has  gone  on  with 
this  work  thus  begun.  After  sixteen  months  spent  in  these  rooms  on  24th 
Street,  land  for  a  new  building  was  bought  on  the  north  side  of  29th  Street, 
between  Fifth  and  Madison  Avenues  ;  and  a  small  building  was  built.  The 
new  Church  was  opened  March  10,  1850.  The  peculiarity  of  this  structure 
is,  that  it  represents  stages  of  the  growth  of  the  parish ;  part  being  added 


•JO  A'/.VG'S   //A. YD  BOO  A'   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

to  part  as  it  was  needed,  and  could  l)e  paid  for.  The  portion  first  built  was 
only  one-fifth  the  size  of  the  structure  as  it  stands  to-day. 

There  is  a  j^reat  contrast  between  the  humble  rooms  in  which  the  first 
services  were  held,  and  the  present  condition  of  things:  for  now  through  the 
gateway  of  the  iron  fence  enclosing  a  well-kept  yard  planted  with  trees  and 
flowers,  and  having  its  fountain,  the  worshipper  passes  into  a  long,  low 
building,  that  is  unlike  any  other  he  has  ever  visited,  but  which  invites  him 
to  devotion.  The  walls  are  covered  with  paintings,  the  windows  blaze  with 
color,  the  altar  is  of  marble  ;  and  everywhere  the  eye  turns,  it  sees  a 
reminder  that  this  is  a  house  of  God.  The  Church,  the  little  Chapel,  and 
the  Rectorv  are  embowered  with  vines.  The  aim  has  been  to  make  it  a 
place  "  where  all  should  be  reverence  :  a  place  where  there  should  be  nothing 
to  offend  proper  taste  and  religious  sensibility,  but  much  to  foster  them, 
and  much  through  them  to  lift  the  soul  heavenward."' 

The  doors  of  this  building  are  open  every  day  in  the  year  from  early 
morning  until  the  evening  shadows  fall.  ''  The  rich  in  his  goodly  apj^arel, 
and  the  beggar  in  his  rags,  may  pass  without  let  or  hinderance,  from  morning 
until  evening,  all  the  year  long,  here  to  kneel  for  private  prayer."  "  In  the 
Chapel  at  the  west  end  of  the  Church,  at  9  a.m.  and  4  p.m.,  the  daily  prayers 
of  the  Church  are  said,  be  it  winter  or  summer,  be  there  sunshine  or  storm." 
"  On  the  altar  of  the  Church  there  is  never  a  day,  alike  in  July  as  in  January, 
when,  at  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning,  the  one  great  Sacrifice  of  Calvary  is 
not  commemorated.  To  these  services  and  sacraments  all  are  welcome. 
No  day  or  night  —  there  is  a  night-bell  and  speaking-tube  at  the  rectory  door 
—  throughout  the  year  but  a  priest  is  present  to  heed  the  call  to  the  sick 
and  dying,  and  of  the  sorrowful  and  the  penitent.''  An  open  Church,  daily 
Eucharists,  daily  ])rayers,  and  clergymen  ever  ready  to  minister  to  the  needs 
of  others,  —  these  are  some  of  the  features  of  the  parish.  But  beside  these, 
there  are  societies  and  committees  for  various  purposes  of  charity  and  benev- 
olence, so  that  this  Cliurch  is  not  only  a  house  of  worship,  but  a  house  of 
mercy.  A  well-trained  vested  choir  renders  the  music  of  the  Sunday  ser- 
vices, and  Dr.  Houghton  is  usually  assisted  b\-  one  or  more  clergymen.  To 
perpetuate  the  work  of  the  parish,  an  endowment  has  been  started.  It 
reaches  now  over  thirty  thousand  dollars.  In  addition  to  the  work  of  the 
parish  Church,  there  is  a  mission  Chapel  on  Ninth  .Avenue  under  the  charge 
of  the  Rev.  E.  C.  Houghton,  the  rector's  nephew. 

The  aims  the  rector  of  the  Transfiguration  has  had  before  him  lor  these 
forty  years  past  were  well  expressed  by  him  in  an  anniversary  sermon  a  few 
years  ago.  Said  he,  "  I  would  see  a  congregation  of  high-minded,  unselfish, 
honorable,  honest,  faithful  men  and  women,  so  observant  of  their  every 
duty  to  God  and  to  their  fellows  and  to  themselves  that  the  very  fact  of 
their  membership  here  were  everywhere  a  guaranty  that  tiiey  were  worthy 


A'liVG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


71 


of  confidence.  I  would  thai  theirs  would  be  ever  the  helping  hand,  the 
kindly  word,  the  tender,  sympathizing  heart,  —  never  the  falsehood,  the  trick, 
the  thing  mean  or  cruel  or  contemptible ;  that,  when  it  is  said  that  he  or 
she  was  trained  at  the  Transfiguration,  it  were  the  same  as  to  say  he  or  she 
is  high-minded,  tender-hearted,  and  open-handed." 

ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  Cincinnati,  O.  — The  situation  and  local  sur- 
roundings of  the  city  have  had  a  peculiar  effect  upon  the  three  old  parishes 


Old  St.  Paul's  Church,  Cincinnati,  O. 


which  were  established  in  its  centre.  The  area  of  the  older  part  of  the 
city  has  been  occupied,  or  is  being  occupied,  for  commercial,  railroad,  and 
manufacturing  purposes. 

The  hills  to  which  so  many  of  the  people  have  removed  for  residence, 
enclose  the  old  city  in  a  semicircle,  and  are  separated  from  it  by  their  steep 
faces  three  hundred  feet  high.  On  these  hills  and  in  some  distant  suburbs, 
new  parishes  spring  up  and  grow  strong.  The  material  for  tliem  has  been 
largely  drawn  from  the  three  old  down-town  parishes  in  the  past  thirty 
vears. 


/- 


AJALi'S   IfAXDBOOK   OI-    /-./'/SCO/'A/.    CUCKCIIES. 


For  some  years  it  was  seen  tluit  it  was  only  a  question  of  time,  wiien  one 
of  the  three  old  parishes  in  the  centre  must  decline  and  cease  to  exist, 
unless  endowed,  or  some  special  means  were  used  to  keep  it  alive. 

A  i)lan  which  has  been  attended  with  great  success  has  been  the  union 
of  two  of  these  old  parishes,  St.  John's  and  St.  Paul's.  This  was  accom- 
plished in   1883.     Tile  old  parish  Church  of  St.  Paul's  and  its  valuable  lot, 


New  St.  Paul's  Church,   Cincinnati,  O. 


occupied  for  fifty  years,  were  sold;  and  the  congregation  removed  to  St. 
Jolin's,  corner  Seventh  and  Plum  Streets. 

The  proceeds  of  the  sale  of  the  St.  Paul's  property  permitted  the  refitting 
of  the  St.  John's  building,  and  the  putting  aside  of  a  partial  endowment 
wiiich  secures  the  continuance  of  services  in  a  good  localitv  for  manv  years 
to  come. 

In  a  sermon  delivered  on  Sunday  morning,  Dec.  31,  1S82,  the  last  of  the 
existence  of  St.  John's  Parish,  Bishop  Jaggar  said,  — 


KING'S   HAXDHOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  "J 7, 

"The  merging  of  this  parish  into  St.  Paul's  is  a  marriage,  not  a  burial. 
It  simply  changes  its  name  ;  and  the  two,  weak  apart,  become  one  strong 
endowed  Church.  I  have  long  felt  that  such  a  consummation  was  the  only 
solution  of  the  perplexing  problem  which  the  peculiar  conditions  of  our 
Church  life  in  this  city  pressed  upon  my  mind.  The  movement  towards  the 
hill  suburbs,  of  families  upon  whom  our  down-town  Churches  depend  for 
support,  has  rendered  it  inevitable  that  we  must  either  lose  those  Churches 
altogether,  or  they  must  provide  for  their  consolidation  and  endowment.  It 
may  be  said  that  we  lose  St.  John's.  It  is  true  that  its  corporate  existence 
terminates,  but  the  Church  in  this  city  is  not  really  the  weaker.  It  must  also 
be  remembered  that  the  apparent  loss  of  St.  John's  is  the  saving  and 
establishing  of  St.  Paul's  as  a  permanent  and  important  mission  centre  for 
the  future.  The  history  of  St.  John's  closes  with  the  conveyance  of  its 
property  to  St.  Paul's,  and  the  dissolution  of  its  parish  organization.  This 
action  does  honor  to  the  hearts  of  the  rector  and  vestry  of  St.  John's,  and 
should  be  appreciated  in  its  full  meaning  by  the  recipients  of  the  benefit 
and  the  whole  diocese." 

St.  Paul's  parish  was  organized  Aug.  15,  182S,  when  Cincinnati  had  only 
twenty-five  thousand  inhabitants.  Its  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Samuel 
Johnson.  Among  his  successors  have  been  the  Rev.  Benjamin  I.  Haight; 
the  Rev.  H.  V.  D.  Johns ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  N.  H.  Cobb,  afterwards  Bishop  of 
Alabama:  the  Rev.  Dr.  G.  H.  Gillespie,  Bishop  of  Western  Michigan  ;  Rev. 
J.  \V.  Clark,  Rev.  Samuel  Cox,  Rev.  William  A.  Fiske,  and  the  Rev.  Orlando 
Witherspoon.  Dec.  16,  1877,  the  Rev,  Dr.  Samuel  Benedict  was  instituted 
rector  of  St.  Paul's.  The  Office  of  Institution  was  then  used,  and  this  was 
said  to  be  only  the  second  occasion  of  its  use  in  Ohio  up  to  that  date. 

The  old  building  was  erected  in  1835.  "  It  is  much  admired  for  its  sim- 
plicity, symmetry,  chasteness,  and  beauty,"  said  the  parochial  report  of  the 
next  year,  "and  is. justly  esteemed  one  of  the  chief  ornaments  of  our  city." 
The  edifice  so  esteemed  in  its  day  was  a  rectangle,  with  square  windows, 
white  walls,  and  white  flat  ceiling.  Its  front  then  was  a  Grecian  portico 
with  no  windows.  The  seating  capacity  was  for  500,  and  the  cost  was 
$35,000.  In  i860  it  was  enlarged  and  much  improved,  as  will  be  seen  by 
the  picture. 

St.  John's  Church,  now  in  its  improved  condition  known  as  St.  Paul's, 
was  built  in  1852,  the  parish  of  St.  John's  having  been  organized  in  1849. 
Even  at  that  early  day  there  were  remonstrances  against  the  location  of  a 
new  Church  so  near  one  already  existing. 

The  building  was  two  years  or  more  in  process  of'  erection,  and  the  cost 
exceeded  the  estimates.  It  was  first  occupied  in  1852,  and  was  consecrated 
in  1854.  The  rectors  of  St.  John's  have  been  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  R. 
Nicholson,   Rev.    George  A.   Heatlier,   Rev.    James   A.   Romans,   Rev.    Dr. 


74  A'/\G\S  HANDBOOK  01'    EPISCOr.ll.    CIICRCIIES. 

John  H.  Elliott,  Rev.  C.  H.  Davidson,  Rev.  I'.  V>.  Mori^'an;  Rev.  Dr.  Tliomas 
A.  Jaggar,  afterward  Bi.shopof  Southern  Ohio;  Rev.  (i.  H.  Kin.solving,  and 
the  Rev.  Joseph  S.  Jenckes.  Dr.  Jenckcs  was  the  rector  at  the  time  of  the 
consolidation  with  St.  Paul's. 

After  the  consolidation  of  the  parishes,  the  building  underwent  many 
clianges  and  improvements,  until  its  interior  became  one  of  the  most  beauti 
ful  in  tiie  country.  The  exterior  is  not  much  changed,  and  its  towers  still 
remain  untinislied.     Twenty-tive  thousand  dollars  were  spent  upon  it. 

The  I)asement  was  used  for  services  during  the  year  until  Christmas  Eve. 
1883,  when  the  splendid  auditorium  was  opened  by  the  Bishop.  The  music 
on  that  memorable  occasion  was  rendered  by  the  vested  choir,  then  first 
introduced,  and  now  an  important  feature  in  the  parish. 

With  its  attractive  worship,  its  faithful  rector,  Rev.  Dr.  Benedict,  and  its 
energetic  vestry,  St.  Paul's  has  started  forth  on  a  new  career  of  usefulness 
that  cannot  be  measured. 

TRINITY  CHURCH,  New  Orleans,  La.,  was  the  first  Episcopal 
Church  erected  in  the  then  city  of  Lafayette,  a  suburb  of  New  Orleans, 
subsequently  incorporated  with  said  city,  and  now  called  the  "  Garden 
District,"'  because  it  is  the  most  desirable  residence  section,  and  because 
most  of  the  residences  have  large  flower-gardens  or  lawns  around  them. 

Trinitv  is  located  in  the  central  portion  of  the  district,  upon  Jackson 
Avenue.  The  commodious  rectory  is  situated  upon  Chestnut  Street ;  and 
its  large  lawn  connects  with  that  of  the  Church,  forming  an  L. 

The  Church  grounds  and  those  of  the  rectory  cover  an  acre.  The  Church 
edifice  is  of  brick.  Its  extreme  length  from  the  tower-window  to  the  east 
window  is  a  hundred  and  forty-nine  feet.  The  Gothic  chancel  is  twenty-five 
feet  deep. 

The  nave  measures  100  feet  by  60  feet.  The  recently  erected  choir- 
chamber  on  the  north  side  of  the  chancel  measures  30  feet  by  25  feet,  with 
a  high  ceiling  ;  and  is  seen  from  the  chancel  and  the  nave  through  high 
arches. 

The  large  organ,  recently  built  by  the  Messrs.  J.  H.  &  C.  S.  Odell  of 
New  York  City,  is  a  superb  instrument.  The  '•  key-box  "  is  well  advanced, 
and  is  so  arranged  that  the  organist  faces  the  singers,  who  stand  between 
him  and  the  front  of  the  organ. 

The  baptistery,  on  the  south  of  the  chancel,  is  entered  from  the  nave 
through  a  high  arch  ;  it  is  also  entered  through  the  south  entrance  of  the 
Church,  and  from  the  chancel  and  the  vestry. 

The  ceiling  of  the  Church  is  of  walnut  and  Louisiana  cypress,  dressed, 
polished,  and  oil-finished,  and  terminates  in  Gothic  coves  over  the  side 
windows. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


75 


There  are  no  pillars  in  the  nave  to  intercept  sound,  and  no  gallery  except 
at  the  west  end. 

The  acoustic  properties  are  perfect.  A  person  reading  in  an  ordinary 
tone  of  voice,  either  at  the  altar  or  at  the  lectern,  is  distinctly  heard  through- 
out the  Church,  and  the  same  is  true  regarding  even  the  softest  notes  of  the 
organ. 

The  east  window,  a  memorial  of  Bishop  Leonidas  Polk,  is  considered 
one  of  the  finest  specimens  of  stained-glass  work  in  the  United  States.  It 
contains  forty-one  figures,  all  of  which  appear  to  be  of  "life-size"  when 
viewed  from  the  nave. 

It  represents  the  Last  Supper,  the  Crucifixion,  and  the  Ascension. 


Trinity  Church,   New  Orleans,  La. 

It  was  made  in  London,  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  lale 
Bishop  Samuel  S.  Harris,  then  rector  of  the  parish. 

The  committee-rooms  and  the  Sunday-school  chapel,  infant-room,  and 
class-rooms  are  located  in  the  commodious  basement. 

The  Church  lawn,  on  the  south  and  east  sides,  is  from  seventy  to  a 
hundred  and  thirty-five  feet  wide,  and  two  lumdred  feet  deep. 

The  edifice  was  built  in  1852  and  1853,  during  the  administration  of  the 
first  rector,  the  Rev.  Alexander  F.  Dobb,  and  was  enlarged  and  altered  in 
1S67,  1873,  and  1887.     Trinity  Parish  was  chartered  July  8,  1847. 

Among  its  former  rectors  may  be  mentioned :  the  Right  Rev.  Leonidas 
Polk,  S.T.D.,  first  Bishop  of  Louisiana;  the  Right  Rev.  Joseph  P.  B. 
Wilmer,  D.D.,    second   Bishop   of    Louisiana;    tlie    Right    Rev.    Jojm    N- 


76 


K/XG\S  IfAXDBOOK   OF  E/VSCO/'A /.    C/l rh'C//KS. 


Gallelier,  S.T.D.,  present  Bisliop  of  Louisiana:  the  Riiilit  Rev.  Heni^  N. 
Pierce,  l;.D.,  LL.D.,  Bisliop  of  Arkansas;  tiie  Rigiit  Rev.  Jolin  W. 
Beckwith,  D.D.,  Bishop  of  Georgia;  the  Right  Rev.  Samuel  S.  Harris, 
D.D.,  L.L.D.,  late  Bishop  of  Michigan;  and  the  Right  Rev.  Hugh  Miller 
Thompson,  S.T.D.,  LL.D.,  Bishop  of  .Mississippi. 

Its  Sunday  sciiool  has  given  to  the  Church  several  ministers,  and  its 
present   superintendent  was    formerly  a  pupil    in    it.     Trinity  Chapel  was 

erected  by  this  parish,  and 
placed  at  the  disposal  of 
the  Bishop  as  a  mission 
Church.  The  parish  main- 
tains a  flourishing  mis- 
sion Sunday  school  for  col- 
ored children  in  a  distant 
section  of  the  city.  The 
Temperance  Guild  of  the 
parish  is  doing  active  work, 
especially  among  the  sail- 
(^rs  who  visit  the  port. 
The  interior 
a^'wft  of    the  Church 

has  been  much 
beautified  dur 
ing  the  admin- 
istration of  the 
pre  sent  rec- 
tor, the  Rev. 
Randolph      H. 

.McKim,  1).  D.  ;  and  further  improvements  are  contemplated  in  the  near 
future. 

ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  Brookline,  Mass.  —  Brookline  is  a  town 
adjoining  Boston.  It  is  a  beautiful  place,  with  finely  shaded  highways,  well- 
kept  lawns,  and  many  superl)  residences. 

The  Church  was  built  in  1852,  and  consecrated  by  the  Right  Rev.  M. 
Eastburn,  D.D.,  then  l)ish()p  ot"  tiie  diocese.  Dec.  23  of  the  same  year. 
Services  had  been  held  in  the  town-iiall  for  a  year  or  two  previous,  having 
been  begun  by  the  i)resent  Bishop  of  Rhode  Island,  Right  Rev.  T.  M.  Clark, 
D.D.,  then  assistant  minister  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  on  the  Greene 
Foundation.  The  architect  of  the  building  was  the  late  Mr.  Richard  Upjohn 
of  New  York.  He  was  given  caric  blanche  to  build  as  he  pleased  ;  and  it  is 
said  that  so  satisfied  was  he  with  his  success,  that  he  would  come  to  Brook- 
line in  after-)-ears,  and  look  long  at  it  witii  aihniration. 


J^-r. 


lj»=Jll^ 


St.  Paul's  Church,  Brookline,  Mass. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  "JJ 

It  is  a  pure  Gothic  building,  and  built  at  a  time  when  there  were  com- 
paratively few  buildings  of  that  nature  in  the  country.  It  was  justly 
admired.  As  it  always  has  been,  it  is  still  considered  one  of  the  finest  and 
prettiest  Churches  in  the  country.  It  is  built  of  the  Roxbury  pudding-stone, 
trimmed  with  Nova  Scotia  sandstone,  and  was  the  first  instance  in  which 
the  Roxbury  pudding-stone  was  used  to  any  great  extent.  Its  lines  outside 
and  in  are  perfect,  and  its  situation  at  the  junction  of  two  streets  shows 
it  off  to  the  best  possible  advantage.  Its  spire,  most  graceful  in  its  propor- 
tions, is  considered  to  be  one  of  the  finest  extant. 

Its  interior  in  the  chancel  is  finished  with  a  black-walnut  wainscoting 
seven  feet  in  height,  panelled  with  Gothic  arches  corresponding  to  the 
arches  in  the  nave  of  the  building.  Several  memorial  tablets  are  on  the 
walls  ;  and  there  are,  as  well,  some  beautiful  memorial  windows. 

In  the  year  1886  a  beautiful  rectory  was  built  east  of  the  Church,  a 
memorial  by  his  children  to  their  father,  Mr.  Henry  S.  Chase.  It,  too,  is 
built  of  Roxbury  pudding-stone  and  sandstone,  and  corresponds  in  its 
general  effect  to  the  architecture  of  the  Church.  The  Rev.  Leonard  K. 
Storrs  is  the  present  rector  of  the  parish. 

ST.  MARY'S  CHURCH,  Burlington,  N.J.'  — The  first  English  settle- 
ment of  Burlington  was  made  in  1677,  by  Quakers.  When  the  Governor's 
business  called  him  to  Burlington,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Edward  Portlock  of  Perth 
Amboy  accompanied  him,  and  held  the  service  of  the  Church  of  England, 
and  preached  in  the  public  town-house.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Clayton  and  the 
Rev.  Evan  Evans  of  Christ  Church,  Philadelphia,  frequently  came  over  and 
preached  and  baptized. 

On  the  13th  of  July,  1695,  "several  persons  in  and  about  Burlington, 
together  with  John  Tatham,  Edward  Hunloke,  and  Nathaniel  Westland." 
bought  a  piece  of  land  on  Wood  Street,  near  Broad,  opposite  the  Friends' 
ground,  for  a  "Christian  burying-ground."  On  the  i6th  of  September, 
1702,  this  ground  was  enlarged,  and  the  whole  fenced  in.  On  the  29th  of 
October  the  missionaries,  Keith  and  Talbot,  sent  by  the  newly-organized 
-Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel,  reached  Burlington. 

On  the  6th  of  March  the  land  adjoining  the  "  Christian  burying-ground  " 
on  the  south,  being  the  lot  on  the  corner  of  Wood  and  Broad  Streets,  was 
bought  by  Nathaniel  Wesdand,  Robert  Wheeler,  and  Hugh  Huddy,  as 
"ffeoffees  in  trust,  for  the  erecting  of  a  Church  and  other  buildings,"  for 
the  sum  of  twenty  pounds.     Mr.  Talbot  writes  May  3  :  — 

"I  was  at  Burlington  last  Lady-day  [March  25],  and  after  prayers  we 
went  to  the  Ground  where  they  were  going  to  build  a  Church,  and  I  laid  the 

'  Extracts  from  the  historical  sketch,  by  the  Ven.  George  Morgan  Hills,  D.D.,  rector  of  the  parish, 
and  archdeacon  of  Burlington. 


78  A'/XG\S  //AXDBOOA'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CffURCHES. 

tirst  stone,  wliicli  1  liope  will  be  none  other  tlian  the  House  of  God  and 
Gate  of  Heaven  to  tlic  I'eople.  God  bless  this  Church  and  let  them  prosper 
that  love  it.     \Vc  called  this  Church  St.  Mary's,  it  being  upon  her  day." 

Keith  says,  — 

"August  22,  Sunday,  1703.  I  preached  at  the  New  Church  at  Ikirling- 
ton,  on  II.  Samuel  23,  3-4.  It  was  the  first  Sermon  that  was  I'reached  in 
that  Church." 


St.  Mary's  Church,   Burlington,  N.J. 


On  April  2,  1704,  Natlianiel  Wcstland,  Hugh  Huddy,  Robert  Wheeler, 
William  Budd,  and  thirteen  other  men,  sent  a  petition  to  England,  in  which 
they  say,  — 

"The  Rev.  Mr.  John  Talbot,  whom  ne.xt  to  Mr.  Keith  we  have  a  very 
great  esteem  for,  we  beseech  your  Lordship  may  receive  orders  to  settle 
with  us." 

On  Nov.  2,  1705,  fifteen  of  the  clergy,  including  several  of  the  Church 
of  Sweden,  met  in  Burlington,  when  an  address  was  drawn  up,  signed,  and 
sent,  under  cover  to  the  Bishop  of  London,  to  the  S.  P.  G.,  in  which  occur 
these  words  :  —  » 


A'/iVG'S  HA XD BOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


79 


•'Tlie  presence  and  assistance  of  a  Suffragan  Bishop  is  most  needful  to 
ordain  such  persons  as  are  fit  to  be  called  to  serve  in  the  sacred  Ministry  of 
the  Church.  We  have  been  deprived  of  the  advantages  that  might  have 
been  received  of  some  Presbyterian  &  Independent  Ministers  that  formerly 
were,  and  of  others  that  are  still  willing  to  conform  &  receive  the  Holy 
Character  for  want  of  a  Bishop  to  give.    The  Baptized  want  to  be  confirmed." 

This  address,  with  a  letter  commendatory  of  Mr.  Talbot,  was  sent  by 
his  hand  to  England.  He  returned  to  America  in  1707-8,  and  "acquainted 
us  that  he  had  presented  our  humble  Address  to  Her  Majesty,  and  the  other 
Letters  that  we  sent ;  and  that  Her  Majesty  had  been  graciously  pleased  to 
give  us  Lead,  and  Glass,  and  Pulpit  Cloth,  and  Altar  Cloth,  and  a  Silver 
Chalice,  and  Salver  for  the  Communion  Table  and  a  Brocade  Altar  Cloth, 
which  we  received  by  the  hands  of  the  Hon.  Col.  Robert  Quarry.  He  also 
brought  us  an  Embossed  Silver  Chalice  and  Patten,  the  gift  of  Madam 
Catharine  Bovey,  of  Flaxley." 

Jan.  25,  1709,  a  charter  was  granted  to  "the  Minister,  Church  Wardens, 
and  Vestrymen  of  the  Church  of  S/.  Mary  in  Burlington.'' 

Oct.  29,  1 712,  Gov.  Hunter,  in  behalf  of  the  S.  P.  G.,  "consummated  the 
purchase  for  ;^6oo  sterling  money  of  England,"  of  "the  mansion  house  and 
lands,"  for  a  bishop's  seat.  A  bill  was  ordered  to  be  draughted  to  be  offered 
in  Parliament  for  establishing  bishoprics  in  America ;  but,  before  its  intro- 
duction, its  great  patroness,  Queen  Anne,  died.  Mr.  Talbot,  who  for 
twenty  years  had  been  incessant  in  toils,  and  importunate  in  appeals,  for  what 
he  deemed  the  chief  need  of  the  provinces,  sailed  for  England  in  1720, 
leaving  the  parish  with  ex-Gov.  Bass  as  lay  reader.  Mr.  Talbot  was 
absent  two  years  and  a  half;  and  at  some  time  previous  to  the  month  of 
October,  1722,  he  was  clandestinely  consecrated  to  the  office  of  a  bishop  by 
Dr.  Ralph  Taylor,  a  non-juring  bishop,  who  had  been  chaplain  to  the  Prot- 
estants of  the  Court  of  James  II.,  in  P>ance.  Returning  to  America  the 
same  year,  Talbot,  on  the  13th  of  July,  1724,  made  over  for  the  use  of  his 
successors,  the  rectors  of  St.  Mary's  Church  forever,  more  than  two  hundred 
acres  of  land,  which  he  had  purchased  with  a  legacy  of  a  hundred  pounds, 
left  by  Dr.  Frampton,  the  deprived  non-juring  Bishop  of  Gloucester. 

Sept.  7,  1724,  Talbot  writes  :  — 

"  I  preach  once  on  Sunday  morn  and  Catechise  or  Homilize  in  the  after- 
noon. I  read  the  prayers  of  the  Church,  in  the  Church,  decently,  according 
to  the  order  of  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer,  daily  through  the  year,  and 
that  is  more  than  is  done  in  any  Church  that  I  know,  aptid  Americanos. ''' 

In  1725  Talbot,  for  refusing  to  take  the  oaths  recently  required,  was 
discharged  from  the  service  of  the  S.  P.  G.,  and  ordered  by  the  governor  of 
the  Province  to  "  surcease  ofliciating."  He  died  in  Burlington,  Nov.  29, 
1727,  universally  beloved  and  lamented. 


8o  A'/AG\S   UA.XDIWOK   OF  E/'/SCO/'AL    CI/CRCHES. 

I'assinj^  over  mucli  intL-resting  history  wliicli  will  be  found  fully  detailed 
in  Dr.  Hill's  valuable  histories,  we  reach  the  rectorship  of  IJishop  Doane. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Wharton  died  in  1833,  in  the  eighty-sixth  year  of  his  age 
and  the  thirty-sixth  of  his  rectorship  ;  being  at  the  time  the  senior  presbyter 
in  America. 

He  was  succeeded  in  the  rectorship  by  the  Right  Rev.  George  \V.  Doane, 
the  newly  consecrated  Bishop  of  New  Jersey,  who  had  already  taken  up  his 
residence  in  Burlington  (tradition  says  because  Talbot,  the  first  bishop  in 
America,  had  resided  here). 

In  1837  St.  iMary's  Hall,  for  girls  —  the  first  institution  of  its  kind  in  tliis 
country,  probably  in  the  world  —  was  founded. 

In  1S46  Burlington  College  was  incorporated,  and  in  the  same  year  the 
corner-stone  of  the  new  Church  fabric  of  stone  was  laid. 

On  the  loth  of  August,  1854,  eight  years  after  its  corner-stone  was  laid, 
the  new  stone  Church,  with  a  spire  a  hundred  and  seventy-two  feet  high, 
was  finished  and  consecrated,  and  the  daily  .Morning  and  Evening  Praver 
and  weekly  and  Holy-Day  Eucharist  established.  These  have  never  been 
interrupted  to  this  day,  a  period  of  thirty-four  years. 

In  August,  1870,  the  Rev.  George  Morgan  Hills  was  elected  rector,  and 
instituted  by  Bishop  Odenheimer,  Dec.  4. 

The  parisli  now  numbers  about  372  families  (not  including  the  pupils  of 
the  college  and  hall),  of  whom  425  individuals  are  communicants.  The 
Sunday  school  has  319  pupils,  under  28  teachers.  The  Parish  school  has 
49  pupils;  the  Choral  Society,  38  members,  including  the  admirable  vested 
choir  ;  the  guild,  129  members. 

It  is  difficult  to  find  a  more  beautiful  spot  than  St.  .Mary's,  with  its 
quiet  churchyard.  It  suggests  thoughts  of  peace  and  rest;  and  the  beauti- 
ful services  held  in  the  graceful  building  inspire  devotion,  and  teach  of 
heavenly  things. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Elizabeth,  N.J.  —  The  edifice  of  St.  John's 
Church  being  found  too  small  for  the  congregation,  though  already  twice 
enlarged,  several  members  met  in  the  Sunday-school  room  on  the  evening  of 
Easter  Day  (27th  of  March;,  1853,  in  pursuance  of  notice  given  by  the 
rector,  the  Rev.  Richard  Channing  .Moore,  and  organized  under  the  name 
of  Christ  Church. 

\  few  days  after,  the  Rev.  Eugene  Augustus  Hoffman  was  elected 
rector,  and  on  the  23d  of  April  the  parish  was  incorporated.  The  corner- 
stone of  the  Church  was  laid  on  the  23d  of  August,  in  the  same  year,  by 
the  Bishop  of  New  Jersey,  Right  Rev.  George  W.  Doane,  D.D.  A  parish 
school  was  opened  on  the  first  day  of  the  following  September. 

Ritliard   l^pjohn  was  engaged  as  architect,  anil  liis  plans  were  adopted 


A'/.VG'S  II A. YD  BOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


8 1 


for  a  Church,  Chapel,  and  Rector)-.  The  proposed  Church  lias  never  been 
built.  At  the  consecration  of  the  chapel,  July  13,  1854,  the  daily  service 
was  instituted;  and  since  that  date  no  day  has  passed  without  the  public 
recitation  of  the  offices.  In  1857  the  weekly  celebration  of  the  Holy 
Eucharist  was  made  the  rule  of  the  parish,  — a  rule  which  has  never  been 
broken. 

The   Church   is  notable  as   a  successful  exponent  of  the  free  system. 
From   the  date  of   the  foundation    of   the   parish,    it   has    been    supported 

entirely  by  the  weekly  offerinir. 
No  money  has  been  raised  by  fair, 
bazaar,  concert,  or  any  other  world- 
ly means.  During  the  thirty-five 
years  of  the  parish's  existence, 
over  $250,000  have  been  laid  upon 
the  altar  as  offerings  to  Almighty 
God.  The  parish  holds  valuable 
property,  entirely  free  from  debt, 
and    has    several    thousands    of 


Christ  Church,   Elizabeth,  N.J. 


dollars  invested.  The  Church  is  open  from  morning  till  night  every  day, 
and  the  seats  are  free  to  all. 

The  parish  has  had  but  three  rectors.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Hoffman  (now 
Dean  of  the  General  Theological  Seminary)  resigned  June  i,  1863.  The 
Rev.  Stevens  Parker  became  rector  in  October,  1863,  and  resigned  May  i, 
1879.  The  Rev.  Henry  H.  Oberly,  M.A.,  succeeded  Dr.  Parker  on  the 
first  day  of  the  following  June. 

The  Chapel  and  Rectory  were  built  in  1853-54.  In  1870,  the  congregation 
having  outgrown  the  chapel,  the  building  was  enlarged  by  the  addition  of 


82  AVA'G'S  If  AND  BOOK'  OF  EP/SCOPAL    C//CA'C//ES. 

central  tower,  transepts,  and  choir,  and  made  the  permanent  Church.  It 
was  opened  on  Easter  Day,  1871,  and  was  consecrated  in  Easter  Week, 
1S78. 

The  Church  and  Rectory  are  built  of  brown-stone,  Gotliic,  of  tlie  transi- 
tional period  between  Early  Englisii  and  Decorated.  The  s])ire  and  part  of 
the  south  transept  are  still  wanting.  The  extreme  length  of  the  Church  is 
a  hundred  and  twenty-five  feet,  and  the  width  across  the  transepts  is  eighty 
feet.  Its  seating  capacity  is  seven  hundred  and  fifty,  exclusive  of  the  choir, 
which  contains  stalls  for  clergy  and  seats  for  twenty  boys  and  ten  men. 
The  interior  is  decorated  in  polychrome  ;  the  woodwork  is  oak ;  the  choir 
and  sanctuary  arc  paved  with  Minton  tiles;  the  gas-fixtures  are  brass:  the 
corona  in  the  choir,  the  standard  lights  on  the  altar-steps,  and  the  hooded 
corona  over  the  pulpit,  are  of  artistic  design  and  excellent  workmanship. 

The  altar,  with  its  retable  and  wings,  is  of  Caen-stone,  is  ten  feet  long, 
and  stands  upon  three  steps.  The  mensa  rests  upon  a  massive  block  of 
stone,  surrounded  by  a  carved  arcading.  The  retable  bears  on  the  front  the 
iamb  and  a  passion-vine  in  al/o  relievo,  and  is  furnished  with  brass  cross, 
candlesticks,  and  vases.  The  credence  is  of  carved  Caen-stone ;  the  font 
of  Nova-Scotia  stone,  with  oak  canopied  cover.  Some  of  the  stained-glass 
windows  are  of  fine  foreign  work.  The  Church  is  provided  with  hangings 
and  vestments  of  the  ecclesiastical  colors,  all  richly  embroidered,  and  many 
of  them  jewelled.     It  has  eucharistic  vessels  of  gold  and  silver. 

To  meet  the  growing  needs  of  the  parish,  a  mission  was  established  in 
March,  1S81,  and  a  chapel,  named  in  honor  of  St.  Paul,  the  patron  of  the 
guild  of  men  who  worked  the  mission,  was  built  in  1885. 

The  parish  contains  about  400  families,  and  619  communicants.  It  has 
two  Sunday  schools,  and  several  guilds  and  societies.  The  baptisms  average 
100  a  year;  celebrations  of  the  Eucharist,  four  per  week. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Raleigh,  N.  C.  —  The  friends  and  members  of 
the  Protestant  K])iscopal  Church  organized  themselves  into  a  congregation 
by  the  name  of  "Christ  Church,  Raleigh,"'  Aug.  i,  1821.  The  parish  was 
formally  admitted  into  union  with  the  Convention  of  the  Diocese  in  1S22. 
At  this  time  the  parish  had  no  rector  and  only  occasional  services,  being 
dependent  upon  the  ministrations  of  such  clergymen  as  could  be  secured 
from  time  to  time. 

In  1823  the  Rev.  William  Mercer  Green,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Missis- 
sippi, officiated  monthly. 

After  the  election  of  the  Rev.  John  Stark  Ravenscroft,  D.  D.,  to  the 
Episcopate  of  North  Carolina,  he  took  charge  of  Christ  Church  as  its  rector 
on  the  20th  of  December,  1823.  The  parisli  remained  in  his  charge  until 
1828.  when  he  removed  from  Raleigh  to  Williamsborough. 


AVNG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


83 


When  the  Bishop  first  entered  upon  the  charge  of  the  parish,  the  ser- 
vices were  held  in  the  room  of  a  house  formerly  used  as  a  museum,  which 
the  people  had  secured  and  fitted  up. 

The  first  Church  edifice  was  completed  in  1829,  when  it  was  consecrated 
by  the  Bishop.  It  was  a  wooden  structure,  and  stood  a  short  distance  north 
of  the  present  stone  Church.  It  was  used,  with  occasional  additions  and 
repairs,  until  1853,  when  it  was  given  to  the  colored  Methodists  and  removed 
to  another  site. 

The  erection  of  this  building  was  aided  by  a  legacy  from  the  estate  of 
Mrs.  Mary  S.  Blount,  who  died  in  1822.     The  parish  is  greatly  indebted  to  the 
legacy  of  its  benefactress  for  its  first 
material  foundation  and  structure  in 
Raleigh. 

The  present  building  was  con- 
structed from  designs  of  Upjohn, 
the  famous  architect.  It  is  of 
granite,  and  cost,  with  the.  excep- 
tion of  the  tower,  about  eighteen 
thousand  dollars.  The  tower  was 
not  completed  until  1861.  The 
total  expense  of  the  structure,  in- 
cluding improvements  to  the  interi- 
or, has  been  about  thirty  thousand 
dollars.  It  is  one  of  the  most  hand- 
some and  thoroughly  satisfactory 
buildings  in  the  Diocese  of  North 
Carolina.  Only  to  know  that  it  is 
one  of  Upjohn's  churches  is  to  be 
assured  of  its  being  graceful  and 
convenient.  In  addition  to  the 
stone  Church,  the  parish  now  owns 
a  Rectory  worth  $10,000,  and  a  Chapel  worth  $2,500,  making  a  property 
valuation  of  $42,500.  The  Chapel  was  built  in  1867,  but  in  1875  was 
removed  and  enlarged.  It  serves  for  the  use  of  the  Sunday  school, 
for  Lenten  and  other  services,  and  for  the  week-day  charity  school  of 
the  parish. 

The  rectors  of  the  parish  have  been  the  Rev.  C.  P.  Elliott;  the  Rev.  G. 
W.  Freeman,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Arkansas  ;  the  Rev.  Dr.  R.  S.  Mason, 
who  served  for  thirty-three  years;  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  M.  M.  Marshall,  the 
present  rector,  who  began  his  ministry  in  1874.  The  parish  has  one  hun- 
dred and  five  families  and  about  two  hundred  communicants,  and  is  in  a 
most  flourishinof  condition. 


Christ  Church,   Raleigh,  N.C. 


84  AV.VG'S  //. I. \7)/y 00 A'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Oswego,  N.  Y.,  is  one  of  the  most  impressive 
etlitices  in  the  State  of  New  York.  It  is  beautifully  situated  on  a  park  in  a 
city  which  commands  the  admiration  of  all  who  have  ever  seen  it,  the  city 
standinjj  as  it  does  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Ontario,  and  beini^  divided  by  the 
river  of  the  same  name. 

The  parish  was  organized  Feb.  26,  1822.  The  Rev.  Amos  Pardee,  a  mis- 
sionarv  of  the  Church,  presided  at  the  meeting,  and  two  wardens  and  eight 
vestrvmen  were  elected. 


Christ  Church,  Oswego,   N.Y. 

Occasional  services  were  held  in  the  schoolhousc,  where  the  Church  was 
(organized  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Pardee,  in  connection  with  his  work  at  other 
missionary  stations  in  the  neighborhood. 

At  the  end  of  a  year  Mr.  Pardee  was  transferred  to  another  field  of 
labor,  and  he  was  not  succeeded  by  any  regular  missionary  for  the  station 
until  1826.     Meanwhile  services  were  sometimes  maintained  l\v  lay-reading. 

In  November,  1826,  the  Rev.  John  McCarty  entered  upon  his  duties  as 
rector.  There  were  at  this  time  eleven  communicants  of  the  Church  in 
Oswego,  and  services  were  regularly  held  in  the  court-house  up  to  January, 
1S29.  In  the  mean  time  a  stone  Church  was  being  erected  on  the  west 
]niblic  square,  the  corner-stone  of  which  was  laid  on  the  ninth  day  of  May, 
1S2S. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  85 

In  August,  1S54,  ground  was  broken,  and  the  foundation  of  the  present 
(the  second)  edifice  laid.  Its  corner-stone  was  put  in  place  with  appropriate 
ceremonies  on  the  12th  of  October,  1854.  The  Church  was  opened  for 
divine  service  on  Sunday,  the  4th  of  January,  1857.  The  lot  and  buildings 
cost  the  congregation  $31,000,  about  one-third  of  which  remained  unpaid 
and  in  mortgages  on  the  property. 

Under  the  rectorship  of  the  Rev.  Amos  B.  Beach,  D.D.,  an  effort  was 
made  to  raise  the  indebtedness  and  secure  the  consecration  of  the  Church ; 
and  so  successful  was  it,  that  the  consecration  took  place  on  the  twenty- 
ninth  day  of  April,  1865,  the  Right  Rev.  A.  C.  Coxe,  D.D.,  bishop  of  the 
diocese,  officiating. 

The  present  rector,  the  Rev.  W.  L.  Parker,  assumed  charge  of  the 
parish  on  the  twenty-fourth  day  of  June,  1877;  and  under  his  administration 
some  improvements  have  been  made  in  the  Church  interior,  while  a  beautiful 
Chapel,  adapted  for  Sunday-school  and  other  parochial  purposes,  as  well  as 
for  worship,  has  been  built  at  a  cost  (including  a  strip  of  land)  of  $12,500. 


'ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  Baltimore,  Md.,  is  the  oldest  of  the  numerous 
parishes  now  in  Baltimore.  It  traces  its  history  as  an  organization  back  to 
1692,  and  as  a  congregation  still  farther  back  to  1682.  when  the  Rev.  John 
Yeo  officiated  for  the  Church  folk  in  Baltimore  County. 

The  first  rector  after  the  parish  was 
organized  was  the  Rev.  William  Tibbs. 
His  successors  have  been  Rev.  Jos.  Hooper, 
Rev.  Benedict  Bourdillon,  Rev.  Thomas 
Chase,  Rev.  Dr.  William  West,  Rev.  Dr.  J. 
G.  J.  Bend,  the  Right  Rev.  Dr.  James  Kemp, 
Rev.  Dr.  William  E.  Wyatt,  Rev.  Dr.  Milo 
Mahan,  and  since  December,  1870,  the  Rev. 
Dr.  J.  S.  B.  Hodges.  Dr.  West  was  the  first 
rector  elected  by  the  Vestry,  his  predeces- 
sors having  been  appointed  by  the  governor  »s^-' 
of  the  Maryland  Province.  Mr.  Hooper  st.  Paul's  House,  Baltimore,  Md. 
and    Mr.    Bourdillon   were   buried    in    the 

Church.     EveiT  subsequent  deceased  rector  has  been  buried  in  the  present 
Parish  Cemetery. 

The  parish  has  had  five  buildings.  The  first  was  built  on  Patapsco  Neck 
in  1693,  si.x  miles  from  the  present  limits  of  the  city.  The  second  was  in 
the  city's  limits,  and  was  erected  in  1739.  It  was  pulled  down  during  the 
Revolution,  or  just  at  its  close,  except  the  belfry,  which  stood  until  181 7. 
The  third  was  opened  in  1784.  The  fourth,  erected  in  1817,  was  destroyed 
by  fire  April  29,  1854.     The  fifth,  the  present  building,  was  consecrated  by 


86 


A'/XG'S  IfANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOTAL    CHURCHES. 


Bishop  Whittingham,  Jan.  lo,  1S56.  The  present  building  is  situated  almost 
in  the  heart  of  the  busiest  portion  of  the  city.  It  is  one  of  the  largest 
Churches  in  the  city,  and  the  interior  is  one  of  the  most  attractive.  A  very 
fine  vested  choir  renders  the  music  of  the  services 
in  an  exceptionally  excellent  manner.  The  Holy 
Communion  is  celebrated  every  Sunday,  every  day 
in  Lent  and  Advent,  and  on  frequent  other  occa- 
sions. The  doors  of  the  Church  are  open  every 
dav  for  those  who  would    spend  a  few  minutes  in 

prayer  or  quiet 
meditation.  St. 
Paul's  also  has 
a  Rectory  and  a 
St.  Paul's  House. 
In  the  former  the 
House  of  Bish- 
ops met  in  1S08. 
The  latter  was 
built  from  plans 
by  Mr.  T.  Buck- 
ler G  h  e  q  u  i  e  r, 
architect,  in  18S6. 
It  is  a  four-story 
building  of  red 
bricks  laid  in  black  mortar,  and  ornamented  with  terra-cotta  moulding. 
Upon  its  different  floors  are  rooms  for  accommodating  the  many  branches 
of  the  parish  organizations. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH,  Troy,  N.Y.,  is  one  of  seven  parishes  in 
Troy.  The  mother  parish  is  old  St.  Paul's.  The  parish  most  widely  known 
is  probably  Holy  Cross,  partly  because  its  rector,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Tucker,  is 
the  editor  of  a  musical  edition  of  the  Hymnal,  known  all  over  the  country 
as  Tucker's  Hymnal.  The  Episcopal  Church  in  Troy  has  been  singularly 
prosperous;  and  St.  John's,  one  of  its  most  successful  parishes,  was 
organized  May  20,  1831.  The  present  Church  building  was  consecrated  May 
31,  1S55.  It  stands  at  the  corner  of  First  and  Liberty  Streets,  in  a  pleasant 
part  of  the  city,  upon  a  lot  100  x  130  feet,  the  chapel  being  in  the  rear.  A 
recent  purchase  of  another  lot  for  Rectory  and  Parish  House  has  been  made. 
This  new  land  adds  130  x  125  feet.  The  Church  building  is  a  brown-stone 
(iothic  structure.  The  tower  terminates  in  a  stone  spire,  and  receives  a 
chime  of  very  sweet-toned  bells.  The  interior  of  the  building  has  always 
been    attractive,  Ijut  successive  adornments   liave  made  it  exquisite.     The 


St.   Paul's  Church,  Baltimore,  Md. 


KING'S   HAA^DBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


87 


strength  of  the  parish  may  be  judged  by  the  facts  that  there  are  four  hundred 
and^fifty  communicants,  a  flourishing  Sunday  school,  many  parish  agencies, 
and  that  contributions  of  about  three  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars 


St.  John's  Church,  Troy,  N.Y. 


have  been  made  in  the  past  twenty-eight  years.  The  present  rector,  the 
Rev.  Thaddeus  A.  Snively,  has  been  in  charge  since  May  i,  1881.  Among 
his  predecessors  were  the  Rev.  Dr.  F.  L.  Norton,  Rev.  Ur.  George  H. 
Walsh,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  C.  Potter,  the  present  bishop  of  New  York. 


88 


K/AG\S   IIAXDBOOK  OF  EP/SCO/'Af.    CflUKCIIES. 


The  first  rector  was  the   Rev.  Jolin  A.   Hicks,  who  was  succeeded  by  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Herman  Hooker.  ^ 

In  addition  to  supporting  the  work  of  tlieir  own  parish,  many  of  the 
members  have  been  very  active  and  liberal  in  various  Christian  and  philan- 
thropic enterprises  in  the  city  of  Troy  and  elsewhere. 


ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  St.  Paul,  Minn. —  The  corner-stone  of  this 
Church  was  laid  July  14,  1857,  by  the  Right  Rev.  Jackson  Kemper,  then  known 
as  the  Missionary  Bishop  of  the  North-West.  The  building  was  first  occu- 
pied on  Christmas  Day,  1857.  The  structure  is  of  stone,  and  Gothic  in 
architecture.  It  is  cruciform  in  shape,  and  is  grcatlv  admired  for  its 
symmetry  and  completeness.  Five  years  ago  it  was  enlarged,  and  has  now 
a  seating  capacity  for  five  hundred  persons.     The  interior  is  Churchly  and 

impressive.  Six  of  the 
windows  are  memorials 
to  departed  friends. 
The  massive  altar  cross 
of  brass  is  in  memory 
of  the  first  rector.  The 
reredos,  the  credence 
table,  and  the  lectern 
are  of  carved  oak.  and 
are  all  memorials.  The 
first  rector  of  St.  Paul's 
Church  was  the  Rev. 
Andrew  B.  Paterson, 
D.D.,  who  was  elected 
in  1S56.  After  a  long 
and  faithful  service  he 
died,  March  19,.-  1876. 
In  the  summer  of  the  same  year  the  Rev.  Elisha  T.  Thomas,  D.D.,  was 
called  to  the  rectorship,  and  remained  in  the  position  until  May,  1887, 
when  he  was  elected  assistant  bishop  of  Kansas.  The  present  incumbent, 
the  Rev.  John  Wright,  entered  upon  his  duties  as  rector  on  the  first  Sunday 
in  .August,  1887.  The  first  annual  council  of  the  Diocese  of  Minnesota  was 
held  in  St.  Paul's  Church,  when  the  constitution  and  canons  were  drawn  up 
and  adopted.  In  the  same  place,  a  year  later,  June  29,  1859,  *'is  ^''st  bishop 
of  the  diocese  was  elected,  the  Right  Rev.  Henry  V>.  Whipple.  D.D..  LL.D. 


St.  Paul's  Church,  St.  Paul,  Minn. 


ST.  CLEMENT'S  CHURCH,  Philadelphia,  Penn  —  The  corner- 
stone of  this  Churcii  was  laid  May  12.  1856.  l)ut  tlic  building  was  not  com- 
pleted for  several  years.  It  was  opened  for  services  Jan.  i,  1S59.  The 
consecration  took  nl.ace  April  12,  1864. 


A'/XC'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


89 


The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Henry  S.  Spackman.  After  a  number  of 
changes  in  the  administration  of  the  parish,  it  came  under  the  charge  of  the 
community  known  as  the  Order  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist  (the  Cowlev 
Fathers),  Feb.  13,  1876.  The  present  members  of  the  Order  in  service  are  : 
the  Rev.  B.  W.  Maturin,  rector ;  the  Rev.  C.  N.  Field,  the  Rev.  D.  Convcrs. 
and  the  Rev.  W.  H.  Longridge,  assistants. 


St.  Clement's  Church,  Philadelphia,  Penn. 


From  the  report  made  to  the  Convention  of  the  Diocese  in  1888,  the 
following  statistics  are  taken  :  — 

Present  number  of  communicants,  1,037;  average  attendance  on  Sundays, 
1.500  ;  members  of  various  Bible  classes,  290;  Sunday-school  scholars,  325; 
total  expenditures  for  the  year,  $24,511.  The  entire  funded  debt  of  the 
parish,  amounting  to  over  $35,000,  has  been  subscribed,  so  that,  with  pre- 
vious contributions  for  the  same  purpose,  in  the  ten  years  the  Order  has 
been  in  charge,  about  $89,000  have  been  spent  in  removing  the  building 
indebtedness. 

The  parish  is  thoroughly  organized,  and  has  numerous  guilds  and  societies. 
Among  the  most  important  of  these  is  "The  Guild  of  the  Iron  Cross," 
founded  in  this  parish  in  1883.     It  has  260  names  on  the  list  of  members,  "all 


90 


A'/ AG'S  Jf AND  BOOK  OF  EPISCOrAL    CHURCHES. 


jjledged  to  temperance,  reverence,  and  chastity,  on  the  basis  of  Catholic 
doctrine,  and  bound  to  do  their  utmost  to  rescu'^  tlie  body  of  Christ  from 
degradation  l)y  the  sins  of  intemperance,  profanity,  and  impurity."'  The  Iron 
Cross  has  spread  to  other  places,  and  has  fifty 
branches,  making  a  total  membership  of  over 
twenty-five  hundred.  There  is  a  "  Hospital  and 
Dispensary  of  St.  Clement's  Church,"  owning  a 
two-story  building,  and  treating  over  forty-five 
hundred  patients  last  year.  The  services  held  in 
the  Church  are  numerous,  and  those  on  Sundays 
and  on  the  great  festivals  are  of  the  most  elabor- 
ate character.    On  occasions  the  fine  vested  choir 

is  aided    by  in- 

■Ife:-  ■■^- 


strumental  per- 
formers. T  h  e 
Church  build- 
ing is  of  dark 
sandstone,  and 
of  the  Roman- 
esque order  of 
architectu  r  e, 
without  col- 
u  m  n  s.      T  h  e 

cliancel  is  semi-circular,  with  a  large  organ  so  Iniilt  that  half  is  on  each 
side.  A  low  wooden  screen  divides  the  chancel  from  the  nave.  The 
walls  are  richly  decorated  in  colors,  the  adornments  of  the  chancel  being 
particularly  rich  and  tasteful. 


St.  Anne's  Church,  Annapolis,  Md. 


ST.  ANNE'S  CHURCH.  Annapolis.  Md.  —  In  1692  .Maryland  was 
divided  into  thirty  ijarishes,  or  territorial  divisions,  with  metes  and  bounds. 
One  of  these  included  the  present  site  of  Annapolis,  and  subsequently 
received  the  name  of  St.  Anne's  Parish. 

The  first  Church  building  was  erected  of  bricks,  in  1700.  The  second 
was  finished  in  1792,  eighteen  years  after  it  was  begun.  It  was  no  feet  long 
and  90  feet  wide,  with  a  tower.  It  had  122  pews,  two  of  which  were  assigned 
to  the  bachelors  of  the  parish.  This  building  was  in  use  for  66  years,  and 
was  accidentally  destroyed  i)y  fire  Feb.  14.  1^58,  to  the  great  regret  of  all  the 
people  of  the  city. 

The  present  building,  after  plans  of  Mr.  C.  H.  Condit,  architect,  was 
built  on  the  foundations  of  the  former  building,  with  the  addition  of  a  large 
semi-circular  chancel.  It  cost  in  cheaj)  times  over  $21,500,  and  subsequently 
S8,ooo  were  added  to  comjjlete  the  tower  and  s])nc. 


4 

K/MG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  9I 

The  building,  although  inferior  to  some  erected  in  later  years,  is  remark- 
able for  its  quiet  dignity,  and  its  capability  for  making  reverent  impressions 
upon  all. 

The  parish  has  two  chapels  and  a  rectory.  The  statistics  for  1887  show 
that  it  has  366  communicants,  and  that  there  had  been  50  baptisms  and  67 
confirmations. 

The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  William  S.  Southgate,  who  has  been  in 
charge  since  October,  18S7.  From  the  time  of  the  first  rector,  the  Rev. 
Peregrine  Covey,  in  1696,  down  to  Mr.  Southgate's  period,  there  were  forty 
rectors  in  one  hundred  and  ninety-two  years. 

ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH,  Albany,  N.Y.  —  St.  Peter's,  as  a  parish, 
dates  back  to  1708,  but  services  were  held  in  Albany  by  the  Rev.  Thorough- 
good  Moor«  as  early  as  1704.  In  1714  a  plat  of  ground  on  State  Street 
below  Fort  Frederick  was  granted  by  the  Crown  for  an  English  Church 
and  a  cemetery.  In  1716  an  edifice  of  blue-stone,  58  feet  by  42,  was 
built. 

Services  were  held  regularly  by  different  clergymen  until  the  time  of  the 
Revolution,  when  the  Church  was  closed  except  for  occasional  services. 
When  the  war  was  over,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Ellison  became  the  rector,  May 
I,  1787.  He  laid  the  foundations  for  much  of  the  future  prosperity  of  the 
parish.  He  died  in  1802,  just  after  a  contract  had  been  made  for  a  new 
Church  on  the  same  site  as  that  occupied  by  the  present  building,  which  is 
the  original  site  of  Fort  Frederick.  The  new  building  was  consecrated 
Oct.  4,  1803,  the  Rev.  Frederick  Beasley  being  the  rector.  This  building 
stood  until  it  was  succeeded  by  the  present  structure,  consecrated  Oct.  4, 
1S60. 

The  architects  were  Upjohn  &  Co.,  the  designs  and  superintendence 
being  by  Mr.  R.  M.  Upjohn. 

Among  the  rectors  of  the  parish  were  Bishop  Horatio  Potter,  who  served 
from  1833  to  1854,  and  Bishop  William  C.  Doane,  who  served  from  1867 
to  1869. 

The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  Dr.  Walton  W.  Battershall,  who  has  been 
in  his  position  since  Sept.  29,  1874.  Under  him  the  parish  has  put  forth  all 
its  energies,  and  has  shown  great  zeal  and  resource  in  the  organization  of 
Christian  work,  and  the  improvement  of  the  Church  edifice. 

Very  much  of  the  old  history  of  the  parish  is  both  interesting  and  impor- 
tant, and  an  account  of  the  older  memorials  and  possessions  of  the  Church 
would  be  interesting;  but  these  are  passed  over  to  make  room  for  a  descrip- 
tion of  the  present  splendid  Church  building.  It  has  its  front  on  State 
Street,  the  broadest  avenue  of  the  city,  leading  up  to  the  Capitol,  and  its 
apsidal  chancel    on  Maiden  Lane.     Its  e.xterior  dimensions  are  145  by  86 


92 


AWXC'S   I/AXD/WOA'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIILKCI/ES. 


feet.  It  is  built  of  stone  from  the  quarries  of  Schenectady,  and  consists  of 
nave  and  aisles  terminated  by  a  polygonal  apse.  Its  size,  height,  massive- 
ness  of  construction,  symmetry  of  proportion,  and  the  dignity  and  purity  of 


its  architectural 
of  the  foremost 
In  1876  the 
cast  corner  of 
of  the  late  senior 
furnished  with  a 
by  Mr.  R.  M. 
height,  and  ex- 
treatment.  1 1  s 
sculpt  ures  of 
octagon,  which 
by  a  grac  e  f  u  1 
its  huge  gar- 
f  rom  the  cor- 
Gothic.  The 
than    the     exte- 


lines,  make  it  unqucstionablv  one 
Gothic  churches    in    the    country, 
tower  which  stands  on  the  south- 
the  Church  was  built  as  a  memorial 
warden,    Mr.  John   Tweddle,    and 
fine  chime  of  bells.    It  was  designed 
Upjohn,  and  is  of  great  mass  and 
ceedingly    rich    in    its    decorative 
upper  portions  abound  in  grotesque 
human   faces    and    animals.     The 
contains  the  stairway,  is  terminated 
spire  ;    and  the   whole  tower,  with 
goyles  thrusting  their  grifiin-forms 
ners,  is  a  noble  example  of  French 
interior  of  the  Church,  even  more 
rior,  gives   an   impression   of  size 
and  dignity,  and 
the     treatment 
throughout    is 
characterized  by 
deep    religious 
feeling.    The 
large  columns 
which      sui)port 
the    clere-story 
are  of  gray  New- 
Jerseyfreestone, 
with      r  i  c  h  1  )• 
carved   capitals, 
and   t  h  e    great 
chancel   arch 
rises    from  sim- 
ilar columns. 
St.  Peter's  Church,  Albany,  N.Y.  t-,  •   , 

The  aisles  are 
lighted  by  twelve  large  windows,  with  tracery  of  Decorated  Gothic.  These 
windows  within  the  last  fifteen  years  have  been  used  as  memorials,  and 
now  stand  embellished  with  glass  designed  by  the  best  English  artists. 
The  whole  series,  while  sliowing  a  variety  in  style  of  treatment,  are 
splendid  examples  of  religious  art.  and  give  great  beautv  to  the  interior. 


A'/A-G'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CriURCIIES.  93 

In  1886  the  interior  of  the  Cliurch  was  decorated,  and  underwent  exten- 
oive  additions  and  alterations.  Great  care  was  taken  that  the  decoration 
should  be  Gothic  in  spirit  and  detail,  and  that  it  should  preserve  and 
strengthen  the  religious  feeling  which  the  architect  has  given  to  the  edifice. 
The  result  has  been  most  happy.  The  decoration  not  only  gives  warmth 
and  relief  to  the  walls,  but  is  also  thoroughly  Churchly  in  character,  and  in 
sympathy  with  the  architectural  lines  of  the  building.  It  has,  above  all, 
the  grace  of  quietness  and  temperance  and  unsensuousness,  which  is  the 
crowning  virtue  of  ecclesiastical  decoration. 

Before  the  decoration,  the  chancel  was  entirely  re-arranged  with  refer- 
ence to  the  introduction  of  a  vested  choir.  A  large  organ  was  placed  in  a 
room  built  for  it  at  the  end  of  the  west  aisle,  and  opening  to  aisle  and  chancel 
by  lofty  arches.  A  choir-room  was  added,  opening  into  the  west  aisle  by 
large  double  doors,  enclosed  in  an  arched  doorway  of  red  Corsehill  stone. 
A  memorial  pulpit  of  the  same  material  exquisitely  carved  was  at  the  same 
time  placed  in  the  Church.  The  floor  of  the  choir  and  sanctuary  were  laid 
in  Roman  mosaic  of  harmonious  color  and  Churchlv  design.  The  mosaic 
before  the  steps  of  the  altar  presents  five  ligures,  the  middle  one  of  which 
shows  the  I.  H.  S.  within  interlaced  triangles,  and  the  others  the  traditional 
.symbols  of  the  F"our  Evangelists,  —  the  angel,  lion,  ox,  and  eagle.  A 
memoi  ial  altar  and  reredos  and  memorial  credence  table  were  also  erected 
of  Caen  stone  very  richly  carved.  The  front  of  the  altar  consists  of  three 
deeply  recessed  arches  rising  from  columns  of  tinted  marble.  Within  each 
of  the  arches,  on  a  carved  background  of  grapes  and  wheat,  is  a  symbol  of 
Christ.  The  principal  feature  of  the  reredos  is  the  large  panel  above  the 
altar,  upon  which  is  carved  a  lofty  cross,  and  on  either  side  the  figure  of  a 
kneeling  angel.  These  figures  symbolize  the  cherubim  over  the  mercy-seat 
of  the  Ark  of  the  Covenant,  and  are  of  life-size  in  high  relief.  They  are 
the  work  of  Mr.  Louis  St.  Gaudens,  and  are  a  noble  piece  of  sculpture,  of 
great  beautv,  and  showing  in  every  line  tender  and  devout  feeling.  Above 
the  line  of  the  reredos,  the  six  sides  of  the  apse,  exclusive  of  the  organ  front, 
are  pierced  with  lancet  windows,  twenty-four  feet  in  height.  The  three 
middle  windows  have  been  filled  with  decorated  glass.  In  the  upper  portion 
each  window  shows  two  angels,  standing,  life  size,  with  musical  instruments, 
the  series  forming  an  angelic  choir  encircling  the  chancel.  Underneath  the 
angels,  and  separated  from  them  by  arabesque  work,  are  scenes  from  the 
life  of  St.  Peter. 

The  decoration  of  the  Church  and  the  pulpit,  brass  altar-rail,  and  mosaic 
floor  were  designed  by  Mr.  R.  W.  Gibson  of  Albany.  The  credence,  altar, 
and  reredos,  with  the  exception  of  the  sculptured  angels,  were  designed  by 
Mr.  Richard  M.  Upjohn. 

In  1876  the  Parish  House  was  built  on  Lodge  Street,  opposite  the  Church. 


94  AVXG'S  HANDBOOk'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

It  is  a  fine  structure  of  stone,  designed  for  the  use  of  the  Sunday  school, 
and  the  charitable  and  social  enterprises  of  the  parish.  In  connection  with 
and  supported  by  the  parish,  is  the  St.  Peter's  Orphans'  Home. 

GRACE  CHURCH,  Utica,  N.Y.  —  The  first  Ciuirch  building  belonging 
to  tiiis  parish  was  erected  in  1839.  It  was  a  very  un])retentious  wooden 
structure  with  a  steeple.  Tliere  were  sixty  pews,  and  a  gallery  and  organ- 
loft. 

Work  upon  the  present  Church,  after  plans  by  Upjohn,  was  begun  in 
1 856.  Services  were  held  in  it  for  the  first  time  May  20,  i860,  and  it  was 
consecrated  in  1864.  The  tower,  which  was  left  unfinished,  was  built  by  the 
parish  in  1870.  In  1875  the  spire  was  added  by  Mrs.  James  Watson  Wil- 
liam as  a  memorial  of  her  father  and  husband,  at  a  cost  of  $13,000. 

Mrs.  William,  not  content  with  thus  adding  to  the  beauty  of  the  e.xterior 
of  tiie  building,  has  done  many  other  things  for  the  parish.  In  1884  she 
caused  the  Church  floor  to  be  tiled,  and  a  steam  furnace  to  be  put  in.  In 
1885  she  erected  a  portion  of  the  Parish  Building,  containing  vestry-room, 
study,  society  and  guild  room  ;  and  is  now  in  1888  completing  the  choir- 
room,  the  cloister,  and  other  parts  of  this  beautiful  Parish  Building,  making 
the  appointments  remarkably  complete. 

The  Church  is  rich  in  memorials  of  the  departed.  The  most  important 
is  the  spire,  which  has  been  already  mentioned.  Each  of  the  ten  bells  in 
the  chime  is  dedicated  to  the  memor)'  of  a  different  person  or  persons,  and 
has  its  own  appropriate  inscription.  There  are  fifteen  memorial  windows  of 
various  sizes,  and  some  of  them  of  exquisite  foreign  glass;  two  stone  monu- 
ments, the  pulpit,  the  lectern,  the  altar-desk,  and  the  altar-book  are  all 
memorials.  The  font  was  the  gift  of  Mrs.  Samuel  Beardsley  and  her 
friends,  but  not  a  memorial ;  the  silver  communion-service  was  given  by 
the  ladies  of  the  parish  in  1848.  The  large  Bible,  and  books  for  use  in 
the  chancel,  were  from  the  young  men  of  the  congregation  in  1S60.  Alto- 
gether the  property  of  the  Churcli  will  probably  not  be  overestimated  at 
a  money  value  of  %\  10,000. 

The  jubilee  of  1888  is  commemorated  in  a  "  Semi-Centennial  Year 
Book"  containing  the  services,  the  sermons,  addresses,  and  other  features 
of  the  two-days'  rejoicings. 

From  1839  to  1884,  when  the  present  incumbent,  the  Rev.  Charles  T. 
Olmstead,  assumed  the  office,  Grace  Church  had  but  four  rectors :  the  Rev. 
Albert  C.  Patterson,  the  Rev.  George  Leeds,  the  Rev.  John  J.  Brandegee. 
ant!  tiie  Rev.  Edwin  M.  Van  Deusen.  All  of  them  were  men  of  strong 
characteristics,  and  each  of  them  possessed  peculiar  gifts  of  his  own,  dis- 
tinguishing him  from  all  tlie  others,  and  fitting  him  most  admirably  for  the 
s])ecial  work  which  the  Providence  of  God  called  him  to  do  in  the  parish. 


96  A'/.V(J'S   IfAXDIWOk'   O^ 


KIXG'S   HAXDIWOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHUPClfES. 

Of  no  one,  Iiowever,  can  it  be  more  confidently  said  that  he  was  fitted 
for  tlie  place,  than  the  present  rector,  the  Rev.  Air.  Olmstead.  However 
aiily  the  parish  has  been  served  in  the  years  past,  it  enjoys  to-day  the  benefit 
of  thorouj^li  dcvotedncss,  great  abihty,  and  wise  guidance;  and  it  prospers 
accordingly. 

The  parish  is  well  organized  for  worship,  for  instruction,  and  for  work. 
Beside  the  vestry  and  its  committees,  there  is  a  Parish  Guild  which  affiliates 
all  the  various  organizations  once  existing  in  the  parish,  and  gives  oppor- 
tunity for  work  to  all  who  wish  to  work  for  Christ  and  His  Church. 

This" guild  includes  fifteen  branches;  such  as,  the  Altar  Society,  the 
vested  choir  of  men  and  boys,  the  ladies'  volunteer  choir,  the  Choristers' 
Ciuild,  the  St.  Andrew's  Brotherhood,  the  Sundav  School,  etc. 

Beside  the  work  thus  done,  the  parish  has  a  Mission  Chapel  in  another 
part  of  the  city. 

In  glancing  over  the  good  labors  of  so  manv  lay  people,  men  and 
women,  who  have  been  identified  with  this  parish,  the  splendid  gifts  of 
money  by  Mrs.  William  show  what  oj^portunities  there  are  for  persons  of 
means  elsewhere,  not  only  to  beautify  the  temple  of  the  Lord,  but  to  make 
it  more  and  more  truly  the  house  of  mercy.  What  this  lady  has  done,  has 
not  checked  tlie  work  (x  the  zeal  of  others,  but  has  rendered  even  more 
work  possilile  in  tlie  future. 

MEMORIAL  CHURCH  OF  ST.  LUKE  THE  BELOVED  PHY- 
SICIAN, Bustleton,  Penn. —  There  can  scarcely  be  a  lietter  way  of  com- 
memorating the  departed  than  by  erecting  a  House  of  God.  Far  better 
than  a  sculptured  monument  or  an  elaborate  mausoleum  in  a  cemetery,  is  a 
building  within  whose  walls  the  gospel  of  Christ  shall  be  preached  and  the 
sacraments  of  His  appointment  administered. 

This  beautiful  Church  at  Bustleton  was  erected  by  Mrs.  Pauline  E. 
Henry  as  a  memorial  of  her  husband,  Bernard  Henry,  M.D.,  who  died  April 
15,  i860.  It  was  built  here  on  account  of  some  associations  with  the 
neighborhood  on  the  i)art  of  Mrs.  Henry,  and  was  presented  to  the  parish 
free  of  debt. 

The  first  services  held  in  Bustleton  were  liy  tlie  Rev.  George  Sheets. 
Afterwards  the  Rev.  Dr.  F.  W.  Beasley  of  Lower  Dublin  ofticiated,  being 
occasionally  assisted  by  other  clergymen.  These  services  were  held  in  pri- 
vate houses  and  in  Union  Hall.  In  July,  i860,  during  the  rectorship  of  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Leighton  Coleman,  now  Bishop  of  Delaware,  ground  was  bought 
for  a  new  Church,  and  Mrs.  Henry's  gift  was  made.  The  corner-stone  was 
laid  Sept.  20,  1S60,  and  the  consecration  took  place  Aug.  29,  i86p. 

The  architects  were  R.  Uj^john  ^S;  Son  of  New  York.  The  building  is 
of  blue  stone  trimmed  with  brown  stone  and  brick;  the  roof  is  slated.     The 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


97 


chancel  is  apsidal,  and  is  surmounted  by  a  bell  gable.  The  Church  is 
reo-arded  as  one  of  the  most  beautiful  small  structures  in  the  country. 
Besides  the  Church,  Mrs.  Henry  has  given  the  Rectory,  and  has  aided  in 
the  construction  of  the  Chapel  and  Sunday-school  building,  beside  enrich- 
ing the  chancel  window  with  beautiful  glass. 


Memorial  Church  of  St.  Luke  the  Beloved  Physician,  Bustleton,  Penn. 


ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH,  Detroit,  Mich.  —  On  Dec.  6,  1858,  twenty- 
two  persons  met  at  the  residence  of  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Esq.,  to  consider  the 
formation  of  a  parish  and  building  a  chapel.  The  host  of  the  evening  prom- 
ised that  if  seventy-five  hundred  dollars  were  raised,  he  would  give  the  lot 
on  Woodward  Avenue  and  High  Street,  and  rebuild  the  house  then  standing 
on  part  of  it  as  a  rectory.  The  subscription  was  made,  and  these  offers 
were  redeemed.  The  parish  was  organized  Dec.  13,  1858.  On  April  19, 
1859,  the  corner-stone  of  the  chapel  was  laid,  and  its  consecration  took  place 
Nov.  19  of  the  same  year. 

The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  William  E.  Armitage,  who  afterwards 
became  assistant  bishop  of  Wisconsin. 

It  was  soon  seen  that  the  chapel  was  too  small  for  the  needs  of  the 
growing  congregation,  and  Mr.  Baldwin  offered  $17,000  if  a  large  Church 
costing  as  much  more  was  built. 

Jordan  &  Anderson  were  engaged  as  architects ;  and  June  6,  1S60,  the 
corner-stone  of  the  present  large  edifice  was  laid.  It  was  consecrated  Dec. 
19, 1861  ;  so  that  in  three  years  from  the  date  of  the  first  meeting,  the  parish 
found  itself  in  possession  of  land  worth   $10,000,  a  chapel  and  furnishings 


98  A/A 6  A    //AM)/i()OA'  OF  EI'/SCOJ'AL    CJJCKCHES. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  99 

worth  $10,576,  a  rectory  worth  $7,200,  and  a  church  and  furnishings  worth 
$48,500,  making  a  total  of  about  $70,300,  more  than  half  of  whicii  amount 
had  been  given  by  the  benefactor  of  the  parish,  H.  P.  Baldwin,  Esq. 

The  rectors  of  the  parish  have  been  the  Rev.  W.  E.  Armitage,  from  1859 
to  1866;  Rev.  J.  J.  McCook,  from  1867  to  1868;  and  the  Rev.  George 
Worthington,  D.D.,  from  1868  to  1885,  when  he  became  bishop  of  Nebraska. 
The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  Joseph  N.  Blanchard,  who  has  two  assistants. 

The  young  parish  soon  became  noted  for  its  earnestness  and  liberality. 
During  the  twenty-nine  years  of  its  existence,  it  has  expended  $402,000  for 
parochial  purposes,  and  $183,000  for  missionary  and  charitable  work,  making 
$585,000,  or  an  average  of  over  $20,000  for  each  year. 

The  number  of  communicants  connected  with  the  parent  Church  and  the 
two  missions  attached  to  it  is  1,127.  ^"^  1887  a  movement  was  made  for  the 
erection  of  a  Parish  House.  A  lot  was  secured  adjoining  the  Church  property, 
and  the  plans  of  Mr.  A.  B.  Cram  of  Detroit  were  adopted.  The  building 
was  begun  April,  1888,  and  has  cost  about  $27,000,  exclusive  of  the  lot 
which  cost  $10,000,  and  of  the  furniture.  It  contains  in  the  basement  a 
dining-room,  kitchen,  cloak-room,  store-rooms,  and  furnace-room.  On  the 
first  floor,  the  main  assembly-room,  51  by  62,  seating  six  hundred,  and 
the  library  and  officers'  rooms. 

On  the  second  floor,  infant-class  room,  five  Bible-class  rooms  ;  the  latter 
to  be  used  during  the  week  for  reading-rooms,  sewing-rooms,  and  young 
men's  club-rooms,  and  other  societies  of  the  parish. 

In  the  rear  of  the  building  are  the  sexton's  quarters.  The  entire  struc- 
ture measures  no  by  54  feet.  The  total  value  of  the  property  at  this  date  is 
$175,000. 

The  parish  has  numerous  organizations.  Among  them  are  the  Altar 
Society,  the  Church  Aid  Society,  the  children's  sewing-school,  the  women's 
sewing-school,  the  Church  Union,  the  Brotherhood,  and  the  Young  Women's 
Guild. 

The  Eucharist  is  celebrated  every  Lord's  Day  and  on  all  holy  days. 
Prayers  are  said  daily  in  Lent  and  Advent,  and  there  is  a  service  on 
Wednesday  night  and  Friday  morning  throughout  the  year. 

The  influence  of  the  parish  upon  the  city  and  vicinity  of  Detroit,  and 
upon  the  whole  diocese,  has  been  very  great,  so  that  it  stands  out  in  great 
prominence,  and  gives  promise  of  a  bright  future. 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  CHURCH,  Providence,  R.I. —  This  church  is 
situated  on  George  Street,  in  the  choicest  part  of  Providence.  On  the 
north  side  lies  the  beautiful  campus  of  Brown  University.  Covered  on  three 
sides  with  a  luxuriant  growth  of  English  ivy,  shaded  by  overhanging  trees, 
and  in  an  atmosphere  of  peace  and   rest  wherein  almost  the  only  sound  is 


lOO  A'liVG'S   HANDBOOK   OF   E/'/SCO/'l /.    CHURCHES. 

tlic  twittcrintj  of  the  many  sparrows  wliicli  liave  found  tlicm  a  Iiouse 
in  tlie  Church's  vine-clad  walls,  St.  Stephen's  seems  indeed  a  dwelling  of 
the  Lord  of  hosts,  and  speaks  only  of  heavenly  things. 

The  parish  owes  its  origin  to  the  Rev.  Francis  Vinton,  D.D.  In  1837 
he  opened  a  Sunday  school  in  the  south  part  of  I'rovidence,  under  the 
direction  of  his  brother,  the  Rev.  Alexander  H.  Vinton,  D.D.,  then  rector 
of  Grace  Church,  Providence. 

In  1S3S  a  parish  was  organized,  and  at  the  suggestion  of  the  venerable 
Dr.  Crocker  of  St.  John's,  who  presided  at  the  preliminary  meeting,  was 
named  St.  Stephen's.  In  1839  the  Rev.  Francis  Vinton  was  called  to  be  the 
first  rector  of  the  new  parish,  which,  on  June  1 1  of  that  year,  was  admitted 
into  union  with  the  Convention,  and  in  October  of  the  same  year  was  incor- 
porated by  the  Legislature.  The  first  Church  building  in  which  St.  Stephen's 
congregation  worshipped  was  the  little  house  in  which  the  Sunday  school 
began.  In  183S  this  was  purchased  by  subscription,  removed  to  Thayer 
Street  between  John  Street  and  Arnold  Street,  and  converted  into  a 
chapel. 

Land  on  the  corner  of  Benefit  and  Transit  Streets  was  soon  after  bought ; 
"and  here,"  says  Dr.  Vinton,  "the  first  stone  of  the  new  Church  (marked  by 
me)  was  laid  on  the  15th  of  April,  1840."  On  the  26th  of  November,  1840, 
the  Church  was  consecrated  by  the  Right  Rev.  Dr.  Griswold,  bishop  of  the 
Eastern  Diocese. 

In  January,  1840,  Mr.  Vinton  resigned,  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev. 
George  Leeds,  afterwards  the  well-known  and  beloved  Dr.  Leeds  of  Balti- 
more. Mr.  Leeds  resigned  May  10,  1841  ;  and  after  an  interval  of  several 
months,  when  the  parish  was  in  charge  of  the  Rev.  John  H.  Rouse,  on 
Sept.  6  the  Rev.  Henry  Waterman  was  called  to  the  rectorship.  Mr. 
Waterman  resigned  in  November,  1845,  and  was  followed  by  the  Rev. 
James  H.  Eames,  subsequently  an  honored  doctor  of  the  Church,  and  long 
the  rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Concord,  N.H. 

Mr.  Eames  resigned  in  1849,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Waterman  was  recalled 
to  the  rectorship.  His  pastorate  of  twenty-four  years  has  made  St.  Stephen's 
parish  historical  in  the  parochial  life  of  the  American  Church.  Mr.  Water- 
man's learning,  recognized  by  Columbia  College  in  the  bestowal  of  the 
honorary  Doctorate  in  Theology,  his  sanctity  and  his  fearless  Catholic 
Churchmanship  gave  his  parish  wide  reputation,  and  have  inshrined  his 
name  in  a  high  place  of  lasting  remembrance  in  the  bede-roll  of  those 
illustrious  priests  and  doctors  whose  memories  the  American  Church  must 
ever  deUght  to  honor. 

What  Dr.  Waterman  was,  and  what  he  did,  are  best  summed  up  in  the 
inscrijition  which  the  Vestrx.  in  18S3,  placed  upon  the  altar  and  reredos 
erected  that  year  in  the  J'arisii  Cluinh  to  his  memory:  — 


AViVG'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  lOI 

Part  of  the  inscription  upon  the  altar  and  reredos  of  St.  Stephen's 
Church,  Providence :  — 

THIS   ALTAR   AND   REREDOS 
ARE  CONSECRATED  TO  THE  GREATER  GLORY  OF 

GOD 

IN    GRATEFUL   REMEMBRANCE  OF 

HENRY    WATERMAN, 

Priest  and   Doctor, 

WHO,  BY  THE  GRACE  GIVEN   HIM, 

RESTORED  TO  THE  CHURCH   IN   PROVIDENCE  SOME  FORFEITED 

TREASURES  OF  PRIMITIVE  PIETY, 

NOTABLY, 

THE    DAILY    SERVICE    IN    THE    SEASON    OF    LENT, 

AND 
THE  WEEKLY  CELEBRATION  OF  THE 

HOLY    EUCHARIST. 

Dr.  Waterman  resigned  the  rectorship  in  1873,  and  entered  into  his  rest 
on  St.  Luke's  Day,  1876.  The  next  rector,  from  1875  to  1877,  was  the  Rev. 
Charles  WiUiam  Ward.  In  April,  1878,  the  Rev.  James  Winsor  Cohvell 
was  elected  rector,  who,  after  nearly  seven  years  of  faithful  Services  which 
greatly  endeared  him  to  his  people,  was  followed  by  the  Rev.  George 
McClellan  Fiske,  elected  Oct.  20,  1884.  On  June  6,  1888,  Mr.  Fiske  was 
chosen  Bishop  of  Fond  du  Lac. 

The  present  Church  edifice  of  St.  Stephen's  Parish — a  grand  monument 
of  Dr.  Waterman's  zeal  and  of  God's  blessing  on  his  fidelity  and  labors  — 
was  erected  after  the  plans  of  Richard  Upjohn  of  New  York.  The  corner- 
stone was  laid  on  St.  Matthew's  Day,  i860,  by  the  Right  Rev.  Dr.  Clark, 
Bishop  of  Rhode  Island ;  and  the  completed  building  was  consecrated  by 
the  same  prelate  on  Feb.  27,  1862. 

The  original  plans  included  nave,  north  and  south  aisles,  chancel,  Lady- 
Chapel,  tower,  and  spire,  and  an  adjoining  parsonage.  The  two  latter  have 
not  yet  been  built. 

It  is  justly  held  to  be  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of  American  parish 
Churches,  as  it  certainly  is  one  of  the  best  works  of  the  distinguished  archi- 
tect who  reared  it.  Its  material  is  a  beautiful  Rhode-Island  graystone. 
The  style  is  Middle  Pointed  Gothic.  Its  dimensions  are,  length,  120  feet; 
width,  80  feet;  height,  68  feet  from  the  floor  to  the  roof  of  the  clere-story. 
Massive  stone  pillars  separate  the  nave  from  the  aisles,  and  a  glass  screen 
divides  the  south  aisle  from  the  Lady-Chapel.  The  proportions  of  the 
edifice  are  good,  and  the  lines  extremely  pleasing.  The  acoustic  properties 
of  the  Church  are  well-nigh  perfect,  —  a  rare  feature  in  Church  buildings, 


I02  h'/XG\S  IIAADBOOK   Ot    EI'IUCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


AYNG'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  103 

and  a  circumstance  which  much  enhances  the  triumph  achieved  by  the 
architect  of  St.  Stephen's.  .  The  chancel  is  apsidal,  and  in  1883  was  so 
re-arranged  and  re-fitted  that  it  is  now  of  consjiicuous  artistic  merit,  and  of 
unusual  ecclesiological  correctness. 

In  1S85  a  Guild  House  was  built  on  the  lot  at  the  east  end  of  the 
Church.  It  was  opened  by  the  rector  with  an  Office  of  Benediction  on 
July  2  of  that  year.  It  is  hoped  to  replace  this  temporary  frame  building 
by  a  permanent  building  of  stone,  in  keeping  \^uth  the  architecture  of  the 
Church. 

Morning  and  evening  prayers  are  said  daily,  and  the  Eucharist  has  been 
celebrated  every  day  since  Christmas,  1886. 

The  organizations  of  the  parish  are  numerous  and  varied.  A  chief  dis- 
tinction of  St.  Stephen's  for  many  years  has  been  the  excellence  of  its 
music.  One  of  the  first  parishes  in  the  United  States  to  introduce  a  vested 
choir,  it  has  always  kept  up  to  a  high  standard  of  musical  proficiency.  Its 
choral  celebrations  to-day  are  stately  and  melodious. 

Providence  has  now  twelve  parishes.  Of  these  Grace  Church  reports 
nearly  one  thousand  communicants,  and  St.  John's  about  four  hundred. 
It  is  a  strong  centre  of  Church  life.  The  residence  of  the  Bishop  is  here ; 
and  there  are  the  two  Church  institutions,  St.  Elizabeth's  Home,  and  St. 
Mary's  Orphanage. 

The  Berkeley  School  for  Boys  located  here  is,  however,  to  be  removed 
to  Newport  in  tlie  same  Diocese. 

TRINITY  CHURCH,  Toledo,  O.— Toledo  to-day  has  a  population  of 
about  sixty-eight  tiiousand  people.  When  Trinity  Church  was  first  organized 
there  in  1842,  there  were  only  about  twenty-five  hundred  people.  While 
to-day  it  is  a  place  of  great  prosperity,  with  thriving  business  establish- 
ments, and  easy  communication  with  other  parts  of  the  world,  in  1842  it 
was  a  muddy,  unimproved,  unwholesome  place,  with  no  wealth,  and  its 
business  greatly  embarrassed. 

In  the  midst  of  one  of  the  least  cheerful  stages  of  the  history  of  Toledo, 
the  following  paper  was  handed  to  Bishop  Mcllvaine  when  he  visited  the 
town  in  1842  :  — 

"  We  whose  names  are  hereunto  affixed,  deeply  impressed  with  the 
importance  of  the  Christian  religion,  and  earnestly  wishing  to  promote  its 
holy  influence  in  tlie  hearts  and  lives  of  ourselves,  our  families  and  neigh- 
bors, do  hereby  associate  ourselves  together  under  the  name  and  style  of 
the  Parish  of  Trinity  Church,  in  the  townsliip  of  Toledo,  county  of  Lucas, 
and  state  of  Ohio,  and  bv  so  doing,  do  adopt  the  constitution  and  canons  of 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  in  the  diocese  of  Ohio,  and  in  communion 
with  the  same  in  the  United  -States." 


I04 


A'/XG'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    C//UA'CJ/ES. 


Tlu'  first  Church  Ijuilding  was  completed  in  1844  at  the  cost  of  about 
$4,000.  It  was  consecrated  and  used  until  the  present  handsome  structure 
was  completed  in  1.S66. 

The  cost  of  the  present  stone  Church,  C.  C.  Miller,  architect,  was  about 
$47,000.  It  was  begun  in  1863,  and  completed  in  three  years.  In  1S70  a 
grand  organ  was  jnit  in  place  at  a  cost  of  §6,300. 

In  1875  the  parish  buildings  and  Chapel  were  erected,  and  furnished 
with  ample  accommodations  for  Sunday  school,  parish  school,  and  parlors 
for  society  and  Church  work  :   and  steani-lieating  was  applied  to  the  Church, 


Trinity  Church,  Toledo,  O. 

—  the  whole  costing  about  $25,700.  In  1S79  the  interior  of  the  Church  was 
re-decorated  and  improved  at  a  cost  of  $3,500. 

The  treasurer  of  the  parish,  Mr.  R.  F.  Russell,  made  a  careful  estimate 
of  the  amounts  of  money  raised  and  expended  for  building  purposes,  chari- 
ties, and  current  expenses,  by  Trinity  Parish,  from  1844  up  to  May,  18S6. 
In  his  report  he  says, — 

"  We  have  the  grand  total  of  over  three  hundred  and  sixteen  thousand 
dollars,  which  has  been  contributed  and  expended  by  Trinity  Parish,  since 
the  highly  esteemed  and  venerable  Dr.  Walbridge  first  commenced  his 
arduous  labors  in  this  then  uninviting  locality,  the  good  work  accomplished 


•A'J JVC'S   HANDBOOK   OF   EPISCOPAL    CUURCIIKS.  IO5 

here  by  him  and  his  worthy  successors  is  manifest  and  far-reachinij; ;  and  we 
thank  the  Great  Head  of  the  Church,  that  the  members  of  this  parish  have 
been  so  fully  impressed  in  tl-i,e  past,  with  their  duty  to  contribute  liberally  of 
their  means,  and  will  recognize  the  great  responsibility  resting  on  them  to 
increase  and  multiply  their  good  deeds,  remembering  that  to  whom  much  is 
given,  large  returns  aie  expected. 

"  We  have  no  records  of  the  amount  contributed  by  all  the  ladies' 
benevolent  societies  of  the  parish,  and  regret  we  cannot  add  a  summary  of 
the  amount  expended  by  the  Ladies'  Dorcas  and  Relief  Society,  who  have 
contributed  many  thousand  dollars  in  the  past  twenty  years,  in  aid  of  its 
charities  and  missions,  and  in  furnishing  and  decorating  the  Church  and 
Chapel." 

From  the  date  of  the  organization  of  the  vestry  in  1842,  up  to  1848,  the 
time  that  the  Rev.  H.  B.  Walbridge  was  called  to  the  rectorship,  thirteen 
clergymen  had  been  elected  to  this  position. 

Some  utterly  refused  to  come,  and  others  who  came  stayed  but  a  short 
time.  Dr.  Walbridge,  however,  changed  all  this  record,  for  he  stayed  twenty 
years.     In  his  reminiscences  he  says, — 

"  It  was  in  March,  1848,  one  month  after  having  received  my  first  degree 
in  Holy  Orders  from  Bishop  DeLancey,  whilst  engaged  in  missionary 
pioneering  among  the  Alleghany  hills  of  Western  New  York,  that  a  call  to 
the  rectorship  of  Trinity,  Toledo,  readied  me  by  the  mail.  If  the  letter  of 
declination  which  was  written  the  same  day  had  been  sent  —  is  one  of  those 
ifs  which  open  to  the  mind  that  vast  field  of  mystery  over  which  the  irrev- 
erent and  unbelieving  say  blind  chance,  but  the  reverent  and  believing  more 
wisely  and  comfortingly  confess,  the  hand  of  a  wise  and  loving  Providence 
bears  rule.  It  was  not  sent;  not  because  of  any  wavering  inclination  or 
hesitation  of  judgment  on  the  part  of  the  writer  :  the  very  slight  obstacle  of 
inconvenience  only  prevented  its  being  mailed.  That  feather's-weight  of 
hinderance  was  the  turning  force  which  led  me,  against  my  judgment  and 
inclination,  in  the  direction  wherein  (as  was  afterwards  clearly  revealed  and 
unmistakably  confirmed  by  very  plain  providential  indications)  it  was  God's 
will  I  should  go." 

The  results  of  twenty  years  of  work  showed  that  Providence  had  indeed 
directed  this  faithful  man  to  the  field. 

In  1869  Rev.  Dr.  James  Mulchahey  succeeded  him,  and  carried  on  the 
work  with  great  devotion,  vigor,  and  success.  One  of  the  outgrowths  of  his 
labors  was  Calvary  Mission,  and  another  was  the  bringing  of  Grace  Church 
under  his  supervision.  In  1874  he  left  Toledo,  to  join  the  staff  of  clergy  of 
Trinity  Church,  New  York. 

On  the  4th  of  March,  1874,  the  Rev.  Dr.  L.  Coleman,  the  present  Bishop 
of  Delaware,  became  rector.      He  stayed  until  1879,  doing  much  noble  work 


io6 


A'/NG'S   JIA.XDI^OOK   O/-    EPISCOPAL    CHURCflKS. 


for  the  parish.  In  five  \xars  he  liad  baptized  353  persons,  and  had  added 
346  communicants.  TIk-  offerings  in  that  period  had  amounted  to  over 
585,000. 

Dr.  Coleman  was  succeeded  by  the   Rev.  Edward   R.  Atwili,  D.D.,  the 
present  rector  ;  and  the  parish  is  to-day  in  a  growini^and  prosjcrous  condition. 

CHURCH   OF  THE  HOLY  TRINITY,   New  York,  N.Y.  —  Any  one 
wliu  reaches  New  \()rk  Citv  In  one  of  the  railroads  centerinj^  at  the  Grand 


Central  Depot  becomes 
e  .\  i  s  t  e  n  c  e  of  Holy 
brick  walls  and  corner 
ture  of  the  neighbor- 
parish  was  formed  when 
the  whole  neighborhood 
town."  To-day  the  city 
parish  is  the  result  of 
Dr.  S.  H.  Tyng,  jun., 
lous  g  r  o  w  t  h,  accom- 
own  borders,  and  doing 
It  is  now  in  charge  of 
an  English  clergyman 
He  began  his  work  here 


at    once    acquainted    with    the 
Trinity  Church.     Its  variegated 
tower  form  quite  a  striking  fea- 
hood,  and  arrest  attention.    The 
this   great   railway-station    and 
were  considered  to  be  far  ■  up 
stretches     far     beyond.      The 
the  earnest  labors  of  the   Rev. 
and  has  had  an  almost  marvel- 
plishing  great  results  within  its 
much    mission-work   beyond. 
the    Rev.  E.  Walpole   Warren, 
well  known  as  a   "  Missioner." 
Oct.  2.  1888.     His   commg   has 
been  attended  by  very 
favoral)le    changes. 
There  has  been  a  re- 
newal and   growth    of 
an  interest  which    for 
a  time  seemed  declin- 
ing,  and    the    starting 
of    new    agencies    for 
work.     While     Holy 
Trinity    Parish    has 
been  noted  for  its  gen- 
eral earnestness,  it  has 
become    prominent  m 
.    :Vi||3^|^/     three    special   direc- 
M'cl-^-lilllVl       tions  :     First,   for   the 
»   active  co-operation  of- 
fered bv  its  lav  mem- 
Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity.  New  York,  N.Y.  ^^^^     j^",^,^^  ^^^^  ^  ^^^^j 

of  faithful  workers,  who  were  always  ready  to  assist  in  any  labors  that  would 
advance  the  Church"s  interests.    Second,  for  the  pointed,  practical  character 


KING'S   HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


107 


of  its  pulpit  ministrations.  The  efforts  of  its  clergy  have  been  to  bring  the 
principles  of  the  Gospel  to  bear  upon  the  settlement  of  all  questions  that 
affect  individuar  duty,  and  social,  business,  and  national  life.  The  pulpit 
in  the  parish  has  accordingly  been  a  source  of  great  power.  Third,  for  the 
decided  stand  it  has  taken  upon  the  "evangelical''  side  in  the  ecclesiastical 
controversies  of  the  past.  It  has  represented  a  type  of  Churchmanship 
which  has  numbered  many  noble  adherents,  and  which  has  done  much  to 
keep  before  the  mind  of  the  Church,  in  general,  a  high  standard  of  earnest 
devotion.  It  has  brought  out,  in  great  clearness,  each  man's  relationship, 
towards  a  personal  Saviour. 

IMMANUEL  CHURCH,  Bellows  Falls,  Vt.  —  In  the  year  179S 
Samuel  Cutler,  M.D.,  who  had  been  educated  a  Churchman,  formed  the  idea 
of  organizing  a  parish  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  township  of 
Rockingham. 


Immanuel  Church,  Bellows  Falls,  Vt. 


Articles  of  association  were  drawn  by  Dr.  Cutler,  and  signed  by  seven- 
teen persons.  The  parish  thus  formed  held  services  under  the  direction 
of  transient  clergymen  and  lay-readers,  it  still  being  too  weak  to  support 
a  resident  clergyman.  In  1 799,  measures  were  taken  for  securing  the  income 
of  the  glebe  lands  ;  there  having  been,  in  the  original  charter  of  the  town,  a 
lot  of  land  reserved  as  a  glebe  for  the  Church  of  England.  The  parish  thus 
obtained  an  annual  income  of  about  seventy  dollars,  which  was  used  in 
payment  of  such  occasional  services  as  could  be  procured. 

For  a  period  of  eighteen  years  all  services  were  held  at  Rockingham 
village,  the  centre  of  the  township.  It  seemed  evident,  however,  to  those 
interested,  that  the  parish  could  not  increase  in  numbers  and  strength  in  its 


I08         A'/A'G'S   IIA.XDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CUCKCIIES. 

present  locality;  and  hence  it  was  resolved  to  remove  tiie  centre  of  the 
parish  to  the  village  of  Bellows  Falls. 

In  the  year  1S17  the  Rev.  (".eorge  T.  Chapman  became  rector  of  the 
parish  ;  and  during  that  year  means  were  provided,  and  a  building  was 
erected  and  consecrated  and  named  Immanuel  Church. 

In  the  autumn  of  1819  the  Rev.  Carlton  Chase  became  minister  of  the 
Church,  and  in  1823  was  elected  rector,  and  continued  so  until  the  year 
1S44,  when  he  was  elected  and  consecrated  Bishop  of  New  Hampshire. 

In  1863  it  was  decided  to  erect  a  new  Church  building.  Plans  and 
specifications  for  a  new  Gothic  Church  of  stone,  capable  of  seating  about 
five  hundred  persons,  were  obtained  of  R.  Upjohn  &  Son,  architects.  The 
Church  was  completed  in  1867;  and  on  Christmas  Day  in  that  year  the  con- 
gregation assembled  for  the  first  time  in  the  new  building,  rejoicing  in  the 
possession  of  a  House  of  God,  beautiful,  durable,  and  convenient. 

The  building  of  the  present  Church  was  commenced  under  the  Rev. 
Andrew  Oliver,  and  completed  under  the  rectorate  of  the  Rev.  Charles  S. 
Hale,  who  became  connected  with  the  Church  in  1867. 

In  1882  the  present  incumbent,  the  Rev.  Warren  H.  Roberts,  was  elected 
rector.  The  Church  is  built  of  gray  granite,  and  has  been  adorned  and 
enriched  by  each  rector  and  vestry,  until  now  it  is  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
and  attractive  Churches  in  New  England.  It  consists  of  nave  and  aisles, 
chancel,  tower,  two  porches,  organ  transept,  and  robing-room.  It  measures 
50  by  80  feet.  The  walls  are  of  New-Hampshire  granite,  rock-faced,  irreg- 
ular rubble  work,  with  slated  roof.  The  interior  is  finished  with  chestnut. 
It  is  lighted  with  gas.  The  windows  are  of  stained  glass,  rich  and  very 
beautiful,  and  many  of  them  memorials  ;  and  the  interior  of  the  Church  is 
handsomely  decorated. 

On  the  north  side  of  the  Church  lies  the  parish  cemetery,  giving  one 
an  idea  of  many  of  the  rural  English  Churches.  The  grounds  arc  very 
beautiful. 

Much  effort  has  been  made  to  make  every  thing  connected  with  the 
Church  beautiful  and  attractive,  showing  that  those  who  have  had  the  care 
of  the  Church  have  tried  to  make  it  what  the  House  of  God  should 
ever  be. 

ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH,  Baltimore.  —  Baltimore  was  a  city  of  only 
twenty  thousand  people  when,  in  1802,  St.  Peter's  Church  was  organized.  The 
first  building  was  finished  in  March.  1804,  and  was  consecrated  by  Bishop 
Claggett,  May  27,  1804.  This  was  the  third  edifice  erected  by  members  of 
the  Episcopal  Church  in  Baltimore.  The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  George 
Dashiell.  He  was  followed  in  1S17  by  Dr.  Henshaw,  who  subsequently 
became  bishop  of  Rhode  Island,  being  consecrated  Aug.  11,  1S43. 


KING'S   HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


109 


The  third  rector  also  became  a  bishop.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  y\tkin- 
son,  after  serving  this  parish  from  1843  to  1852,  became  the  rector  of  Grace 
Church,  and  soon  after  was  elected  the  bishop  of  North  Carolina.  The 
Rev.  James  H.  Morrison  served  from  1853  to  1858,  when  the  Rev.  Dr. 
George  D.  Cummins  succeeded  him.  Dr.  Cummins  became  the  assistant 
bishop  of  Kentucky  in  the  spring  of  1866,  being  then  the  rector  of  Trinity 
Church,  Chicago. 

it        r 


St.  Peter's  Church,  Baltimore. 

The  present  rector,  the  Rev.  Julius  E.  Grammer,  the  sixth  in  succession, 
entered  upon  his  duties  Oct.  i,  1864. 

The  old  Church  was  sold  in  1868;  and  on  the  i6th  of  September  of  that 
year,  ground  was  broken  for  the  present  building. 

In  an  address  made  by  Dr.  Grammer  at  the  corner-stone  laying,  April  29, 
1869,  it  was  stated,  that  in  the  si.\ty-four  years  of  the  old  Church  there  had 


no  A'/XCrs   If  AND  BOOK   or  EP/SCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

gone  out  from  it  3  bishoi).s,  40  presbyters,  30,000  Sunday-school  scholars. 
There  liaci  l)een  750  marriages,  7,000  baptisms,  1,131  burials,  1,500  confirmed, 
and  the  contrii)utions  had  been  $150,000. 

The  new  Ciiurcii  was  completed  and  occupied  in  October,  1870.  The 
general  style  of  tiie  structure  is  that  of  the  Xorman  period  of  English 
Gothic,  freely  treated.  The  general  features  are  massive,  the  openings 
heavy,  semi-circular  heads,  with  deeply  recessed  jambs,  buttresses  broad 
and  flat.  The  material  is  white  marble,  rock-faced,  squared  stones,  except 
ornamental  and  mould  work,  which  is  all  finely  worked  with  the  tooth  chisel. 
The  parish  has  now  about  600  communicants,  and  over  400  teachers  and 
scholars  in  its  Sunday  school.  It  contributes  very  liberally  to  missionary 
and  benevolent  work ;  the  offerings  for  tliese  purposes  amounting  to  about 
$10,000  per  year.  The  parish  is  well  organized  for  Christian  work,  having 
two  Sunday  schools,  a  brotherhood,  and  various  missionary  societies.  It 
supports  an  asylum  for  female  children,  and  has  a  day  school  dating  from 
1805. 

The  corner-stone  contained,  among  other  things,  a  declaration,  of  which 
the  following  is  an  extract :  "  If  ever  it  should  be  the  will  of  God  that  these 
walls  should  be  removed,  this  foundation  overturned,  and  this  deposit  brought 
to  light,  let  it  then  be  known  that  on  this  day  this  Church  is  firmly  attached 
to  the  doctrine,  discipline,  and  worship  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church 
in  these  United  States,  as  contained  in  its  Articles,  Liturgy,  Constitution, 
and  Canons ;  that  it  adheres  with  increasing  attachment  to  its  Apostolic 
order,  under  the  pure  teachings  of  its  Creed  and  Articles  ;  to  its  spiritual 
and  scriptural  doctrines  of  the  Protestant  Reformation  in  England,  and 
counts  the  sixth  and  the  eleventh  Articles  of  the  Church  as  containing  the 
very  rule  of  our  faith, 'and  the  reason  of  our  Christian  hope  ;  and  that,  with 
devout  gratitude  to  Almiglity  God  for  His  favor  and  blessing  upon  this 
Church  in  time  past,  we  unite  in  praise  to  His  Holy  Name,  and  in  fervent 
humble  prayer  that  this  Church  and  Chapel,  with  its  walls  and  arches,  its 
tower  and  spire,  may  be  to  worshipping  thousands,  none  other  than  '  tlie 
House  of  God  and  the  gate  of  Heaven.'     Amen  and  Amen." 

ST.  ANN'S  CHURCH,  Brooklyn.  —  On  the  23d  of  April,  18S7,  this 
parish  celebrated  the  hundredth  anniversary  of  its  incorporation.  Tradition 
says  that  in  1766  there  were  Episcopal  services  in  Brooklyn,  but  no  parish 
was  organized  until  April  23,  1787.  Services  were  held  in  1784  by  the  Rev. 
George  Wright ;  and  a  Church  building  was  secured  on  Fulton  Street,  oppo- 
site Clark  Street.  The  old  name  of  the  parish  was  "  the  Episcopal  Church 
at  Brooklyn."     This  was  changed  in  1795  to  St.  Ann's  Church. 

Under  the  rectorship  of  tlic  Rev.  Jolin  Ireland,  in  1804,  the  second  build- 
ing was  constructed.     It  was  of  stone,  40  by  60  feet,  and  was  consecrated 


A'/NG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


I  I  I 


by  Bishop  Moore,  May  30,  1905.  It  stood  on  Sands  Street,  about  where 
the  bridge  entrance  now  stands. 

This  building  was  damaged  by  the  explosion  of  a  powder-liouse  in  its 
vicinity  in  1808,  and  a  new  and  larger  Church  of  brick  was  built  on  Washing 
ton  Street.  It  was  66  by  99  feet.  Bishop  Croes  of  New  Jersey  consecrated 
it  July  30,  1825. 

The  fourth  building  is  the  present  one,  the  corner-stone  being  laid  June 
5,  1867.  The  Church  was  opened  Oct.  20,  1869.  In  building  tliis  magnifi- 
cent structure  upon  this  new  site  in  a  new  neighborhood,  the  parish  incurred 


Old  St.  Ann's  Church,   Brooklyn,   N.Y. 


a  great  debt;  and  as  years  passed  on,  the  financial  problem  became  more 
and  more  difificult,  until  it  was  thought  the  parish  would  be  crushed.  When 
others  had  done  what  they  could,  Mr.  R.  Fulton  Cutting,  a  member  of  the 
vestry,  came  forward  witli  a  proposition  to  increase  his  subscription  from 
$10,000  to  $70,000  upon  two  conditions  :  first,  that  the  whole  amount  of  the 
debt  be  paid,  and  second,  that  the  Church  be  made  free.  The  balance  of 
$15,000  was  soon  raised,  and  May  7,  [8S0.  the  Church  was  consecrated. 

Speaking  of  the  different  buildings  which  have  sheltered  the  parish,  the 
present  rector.  Dr.  Alsop.  said.  •'  She  began  in  Mr.  Rappelye's  rooms ;  she 


I  I  2 


A/,VG'S  HAXDBOOK   OI-    EJ'/SCO/'AL    CHURCHES. 


passed  into  tlie  larger,  it  ruder,  space  found  in  John  Middagh"s  barn; 
she  went  then  to  the  barracks  left  by  the  British  ;  then  to  the  frame  Union 
Chapel,  which  became  the  first  Church ;  then  to  the  stone  building  on  Sands 
Street;  then  to  the  larger  i)rick  Church  on  Washington  Street;  at  last  to 
her  present   stately  home."     When  "  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Brooklyn  " 

began,  it  was  in  a  village  of 

^^^-li^-^--  -IiTlsSr    jiTlI^r-  -  .55:=5gr3S-,!     tWO  thoUSaud  pCOplc.        NoW 

iiT  L\I-^:=  ;"  -^  .  it  is  one  of  many  parishes 

in  a  city  of  eight  hundred 
thousand  people.  With 
doors  wide  open,  with  seats 
free,  she  stands  a  Church  of 
and  for  the  people.  High 
and  low,  rich  and  poor,  are 
equally  welcome  to  her  beau- 
tiful courts.  Prom  17S4  to 
the  present,  there  have  been 
fourteen  rectors.  Three  of 
these  have  been  elevated  to 
the  episcopate, — the  Rev. 
Dr.  Henshaw,  the  Rev. 
Dr.  H.  U.  Onderdonk,  and 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  P. 
Mcllvaine.  The  longest 
period  of  service  was  that 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Benjamin  C. 
Cutler,  which  extended  from 
i833toi>S63.  The  Rev.  Dr. 
N.  H.  Schenck,  under  whose 
rectorship  the  new  Church 
was  built,  entered  upon  his 
duties  in  1867,  and  died  in 
1885.  The  present  rector, 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Reese  F'. 
Alsop,  began  his  ministry 
here  May,  1886,  and  was  instituted  Nov.  7.  1886.  The  parish  has  had  in  its 
membership  a  number  of  distinguished  laymen,  whose  names  have  become 
well  known  in  social,  business,  and  political  circles.  There  are  about  850 
comnniiiicants,  a  Sunday  school  of  450,  and  the  annual  receipts  for  all 
purposes  are  about  $32,000. 

The  organizations  of  tlie  parisii  include  the  Sunday  sciiooLs,  the  Brother- 
hood, parish  guild,  sewing  scliool.  Girls'  Friendly,  and  others. 


CJcvv   St.   Ann'i;  Clunxli,    I'rooklyn,   N.Y. 


A'/XG'S   HAND  HOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CUCNCHES.  II3 

The  parish  supports  a  day-nursery  and  boarding  home  for  young  girls, 
and  assists  various  charities. 

It  also  owns  a  burial  lot  in  Greenwood  Cemetery,  and  another  in 
Evergreen  Cemetery.  The  vested  choir  of  the  Church  numbers  thirty-five 
members,  and  is  verjr  efificient. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CHURCH,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  —  Col.  Homer  B.  Sprague, 
now  President  of  the  University  of  North  Dakota,  from  whose  sketch  the 
points  in  this  article  are  taken,  says,  "The  history  of  St.  Luke's,  which  now 
has  a  larger  membership  than  any  Episcopal  parish  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  is 
full  of  instruction  and  encouragement  to  tliose  who,  in  laying  foundations, 
are  in  danger  of  impatience  or  despondency." 

The  movement  for  the  formation  of  the  new  parish  began  in  a  conference 
at  the  house  of  Mr.  J.  G.  Clark.  The  first  service  was  held  in  a  school- 
house,  March  4,  1866,  the  Rev.  Giles  l\.  Easton  officiating.  A  Sunday 
school  was  formed  the  same  day  under  the  superintendency  of  Mr.  J.  Wig- 
more.  The  congregation  numbered  about  sixtj-,  and  the  school  began  with 
twenty  persons. 

The  name  first  adopted  for  the  organization  was  "  St.  Andrews."  This 
was  changed  later  on  to  "The  Episcopal  Mission  of  Spring  Valley,"  then 
to  "The  Church  of  the  Nativity,"  and  finally  the  parish  was  incorporated  as 
"  St.  Luke's  Church,  San  Erancisco,  Cal." 

The  clergymen  in  charge  from  1866  to  1886  were  the  Rev.  D.  J.  Lee,  the 
Rev.  F.  A.  Barstow,  the  Rev.  J.  B.  Gray,  Rev.  E.  S.  Peake,  the  Rev.  S.  G. 
Lines,  the  Rev.  A.  D.  Miller,  and  the  Rev.  F.  L.  Randolph. 

They  who  came  early  to  the  field  found  a  small  congregation  in  a  hall, 
and  a  meagre  support.  Thirty-four  dollars  per  month  was  at  one  time  the 
maximum  paid  the  missionary.  There  were  23  communicants  on  Christmas 
Dav,  1866.  At  the  Easter  comnumion,  1887,  520  received,  out  of  650  now 
belonging  to  the  parish. 

Steps  were  taken  in  1868  to  erect  a  free  Church,  the  first  of  the  kind  in 
San  Francisco;  and  services  were  held  in  the  completed  building  on  St. 
Luke's  Day,  Oct.  18,  1868. 

The  building  and  grounds  cost  originally  about  $7,000,  In  consequence 
of  the  debt  upon  the  property,  the  consecration  was  deferred  until  April  13, 
1873,  when  Bishop  Kip  solemnly  set  it  apart  for  its  sacred  uses. 

After  the  building  had  been  twice  enlarged,  it  was  removed  to  its  present 
location  on  Van  Ness  Avenue  and  Clay  Street,  and  for  the  third  time 
enlarged.     On  that  last  occasion,  1884,  two  hundred  sittings  were  added. 

From  time  to  time  the  interior  has  been  improved,  but  especially  since 
the  incumbency  of  the  present  rector,  the  Rev.  W.  W.  Davis.  Among  these 
improvements   may  be  noted  the  memorial  altar  and  reredos,  gifts  of  Mrs. 


114 


AVA'G'S   IfAXDnOOh'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CI/rPCJ/ES. 


W.  L.  Merry  and  Miss  M.  C.  Hill;  a  credence  table,  given  by  Miss  Kate 
Laidley ;  a  brass  eagle  lectern,  by  Mrs.  Frank  Pixley;  a  brass  pulpit,  bv 
the  Sunday  school ;  two  light  standards,  by  friends,  in  memory  of  Marv 
Wctzlor ;  a  fine  organ   costing  $3,000;  enlarged  chancel  and  new  transept. 

Last  year  the  parish 
raised  and  expended 
about  ?i5,ooo :  quite 
a  contrast  with  the 
day  of  small  things, 
when  the   maximum 


St.  Luke's  Church,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

was  less  than  J^jo  per  month.  TIic  Rev. 
William  W.  Davis,  the  present  rector,  has 
been  in  charge  since  Feb.  28,  1S86,  and 
his  ministry  has  been  singularly  suc- 
cessful. The  Sunday  school,  numbering 
three  hundred  pupils,  has  its  regular 
choral  service  preceding  the  session  of 
the  classes.  The  Holy  Communion  is 
administered  every  Lord's  Day,  and  the 
roll  of  communicants  has  already  reached  650.  The  parish  is  thoroughly 
organized  for  work,  there  being  guilds,  sewing  classes,  visiting  committees, 
mothers'  meetings,  Girls'  Friendly  Society,  Altar  Society,  Workingmen's 
Club,  etc.  In  May.  1887,  a  free  reading-room,  open  daily,  except  Sundav, 
was  started,  and  has  been  continued  under  the  auspices  of  the  Working- 
men's  Club.     A  vigorous  ])arish  paper,  known  as  "  St.  Luke's  Parish  Leaflet," 


Memorial  Altar  and  Reredos. 


Jv/A'G'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


115 


is  issued  every  month.  The  Church  is  free,  with  about  seven  hundred 
sittings.  The  only  debt  is  now  being  steadily  reduced,  and  will  all  be  met 
this  year.  Once  removed,  there  must  be  a  fifth  enlargement  of  the  present 
building,  or  the  construction  of  a  new  one,  to  meet  the  demand  for  seats. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  REDEEMER,  Astoria,  N.Y.  — The  stone  cross 
in  the  picture  marks  the  resting-place  of  the  remains  of  the  late  Cornelius 
R.  Trafford,  who  was  a  benefactor  of  this  parish. 


Church  of  the  Redeemer,  Astoria,  N.Y. 

His  gift  built  the  tower,  and  placed  in  it  a  chime  of  ten  sweet-toned  bells. 
The  following  lines  beautifully  commemorate  his  benefactions:  — 

"  His  earth  day  work  is  over  ;  he  takes  his  evening  rest  ; 
Light  lie  the  turf  that  covereth  his  true  and  kindly  breast. 
His  memory  cannot  perish  ;  it  must  pass  to  future  times  ; 
And  who  can  tell  what  souls  in  heaven  may  bless  the  Trafford  chimes?" 


About  $60,000  have  been  spent  by  the  parish  in  the  erection  of  the  Church 
and  Sunday-school  house,  although  the  congregation  is  not  a  very  wealthy 
one.  The  corner-stone  of  this  Church  was  laid  June  27,  1867,  and  the  first 
service  was  held  in  the  building,  Sexagesima,  1868.  The  debt  being  very 
large,  the  consecration  did  not  take  place  until  Dec.  4,  1879. 

The  building  will  seat  about  five  hundred  persons,  and  the  seats  are  all 
free.  The  length  is  106  feet,  and  the  nave  80  by  35  feet;  the  chancel  26  by 
20  feet,  arranged  for  the  vested    choir  of  the   parish.     A    number  of   the 


ii6       A'/X(rs  ifAxnnooK  or  Kr/scoi'AL  chukci/es. 

adorniiKiits  of  tlie  building  arc  nicmorial  gifts,  including  the  tiling  of  the 
chancel  and  the  stcjis  to  the  altar. 

The  schooihouse  cost  about  5io,ooo,  and  is  built  of  dark  granite  as  is 
the  Church.  It  measures  60  by  30  feet,  and  was  finished  in  1876,  as  a 
memorial  to  Mr.  Robert  S.  Fanning. 

The  parish  of  the  Redeemer  began  Aug.  19,  1866;  and  on  the  2d  of 
December,  i866,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Edmund  D.  Cooper  became  its  rector.  He 
found  there  only  seventeen  communicants  :  there  are  now  three  hundred  and 
fifty.  He  has  baptized  four  hundred  persons,  and  presented  as  manv  for 
confirmation. 

The  success  of  the  jiarish  is  largely  due  to  the  courage  and  perseverance 
of  the  rector.  There  have  been  many  difificulties  to  overcome ;  but  the  record 
of  twenty-two  years'  work  must  be  most  gratifying,  not  only  to  the  leader  in 
the  work,  but  to  the  active  lay  people  who  have  helped. 

ALL  SAINTS'  CHURCH,   Providence,   R.I.:    Henshaw  Memorial.— 

On  St.  Peter's  Day,  June  29,  1869,  Bishop  Clark  laid  the  corner-stone  of  this 
beautiful  edifice  erected  in  memory  of  the  Right  Rev.  John  Prentiss  Hewley 
Henshaw,  D.D.,  first  bishop  of  Rhode  Island  after  the  dissolution  of  the 
Eastern  diocese. 

On  the  day  of  its  consecration.  All  Saints',  Nov.  i,  1875,  Bishop 
Lyman  delivered  the  sermon,  in  which  he  said,  "There  is  a  peculiar  interest 
associated  with  tliis  house.  Not  only  is  the  beautiful  edifice  dedicated  to 
the  worship  of  Almighty  God,  but  it  stands  also  as  a  loving  and  expressive 
memorial  of  one  who  so  faithfully  discharged  the  duties  of  his  apostolic  office. 

"  Few  are  there  who  lived  with  such  a  single  eye  to  God's  glory,  or  ani- 
mated by  a  holier  zeal  to  declare  all  the  counsel  of  God.  It  was  impossible 
for  any  one  to  come  into  close  fellowship  with  him  without  realizing  how  the 
love  of  Christ  and  a  devotion  to  the  interests  of  the  Church  of  Christ  filled 
up  his  thoughts  and  his  heart. 

"  Never  seeking  to  spare  himself,  he  finally  fell  a  victim  to  his  untiring 
zeal.  He  fell  with  his  armor  on,  going  bravely  forward  in  the  discharge  of 
duties  the  most  laborious  and  exhausting.  Oh  !  well  does  it  become  us  to 
keep  in  sweet  remembrance  a  life  so  noble  and  instructive,  and  a  death  so 
l)eaceful  and  triumphant.  This  holv  house  is  just  such  a  memorial  as  befits 
our  departed  father.  It  is  a  memorial  which  not  only  speaks  of  him,  but 
it  is  one  through  which  he,  being  dead,  may  yet  speak  in  the  continual  agen- 
cies here  employed  for  enlarging  the  kingdom  of  Christ." 

The  present  parish  of  All  Saints'  is  the  successor  of  St.  Andrew's,  and  a 
Church  by  that  name  was  consecrated  bv  Bishop  Henshaw  in  1846,  tlie  Rev. 
Sanford  J.  Horton  being  the  rector  ;  but  the  i)arish  did  not  prosper,  and  in 
1853  the  Church  was  closed. 


KING'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


117 


In  1854  the  building  was  removed  to  another  location,  and  the  Rev. 
Daniel  Henshaw,  son  of  the  Bishop,  was  called  to  the  rectorship. 

There  were  hard  struggles  for  success,  but  in  1856  it  was  necessary  to 
enlarge  the  building. 

In  1863,  a  movement  for  a  new  edifice  began,  and  after  many  difficulties 
resulted  in  1869  in  the  securing  of  land,  the  adoption  of  plans  drawn  by 
Mr.  E.  T.  Potter,  architect,  and  the  erecting  of  this  building.  It  took  some 
time  to  build  ft,  for  it  was  not  used  for  services  until  Easter,  1872.     One  of 


'^r  m^mm 


All  Saints    Church,  Providence,   R.I.:   Henshaw   Memorial. 

the  features  of  the  parish  since  1858  has  been  its  choir  of  male  voices.  At 
the  time  of  its  formation  there  were  very  few  of  such  choirs  in  this  country. 
The  choir  of  All  Saints'  has  been  remarkable  for  its  excellence,  and  has 
added  greatly  to  the  dignity  and  beauty  of  the  services. 

One  who  began  a  choir-boy  here  continued  in  the  choir  long  enough  to 
have  his  own  son  sing  with  liim  as  a  chorister.  Some  have  been  led  by  their 
connection  with  this  choir  into  the  sacred  ministry. 

The  Church  is  adorned  with  a  number  of  beautiful  memorial  gifts,  among 
them  a  fine  organ,  an  eagle  lectern,  a  font  of  Carrara  marble,  and  a  richly 
carved  reredos. 


Il8  AVA'G'S  HANDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

On  the  walls  is  a  tablet  in  memory  of  Mrs.  Henshaw,  the  widow  of  the 
Bishop  and  mother  of  the  rector,  who  survived  her  husband  tliirtv  years,  and 
who  blessed  this  memorial  Church  with  her  benefactions  and  labors  and 
prayers. 

ST.  MARK'S  CHURCH,  Mauch  Chunk,  Penn.  (Diocese  of  Central 
Pennsylvania).—  1  he  first  Church  service  held  in  .Mauch  Chunk  was  by  a 
layman,  Mr.  William  H.  Sayre,  in  the  year  1829.  Lay  services  only,  were  held 
for  about  five  years,  when  in  the  year  1834  the  Rev.  James  Mav,  of  Wilkes- 
barre,  held  the  first  clerical  service.  The  parish  was  organized  in  1835,  but 
for  several  years  continued  under  the  charge  of  the  lav  reader,  receiving 
monthly  clerical  visits  from  the  rectors  of  neighboring  parishes. 

The  first  rector  was  chosen  in  1.S39,  —  the  Rev.  R.  F.  Burnham,  who 
served  but  a  few  months.  Since  1840  the  following  have  served  in  the 
rectorship:  the  Rev.  Peter  Russell,  from  June  2,  1844,  to  1855;  the  Rev. 
Hurley  Baldy,  from  Oct.  i,  i860,  to  July,  1866:  the  Rev.  Leighton  Coleman, 
S.T.D.,  from  Dec.  2,  1866,  to  April,  1874;  and  the  Rev.  Marcus  Alden 
Tolman,  the  present  incumbent,  from  Aug.  i,  1874. 

The  first  Church  edifice  was  of  stone,  in  Gothic  style,  completed  in  1845, 
and  consecrated  July  13.  1852.  In  1867  this  building  was  taken  down,  and 
work  on  the  present  beautiful  structure  was  commenced.  The  plans  were 
furnished  by  the  elder  Mr.  Upjohn,  who  studied  the  scenery  of  this  so- 
called  "  Switzerland  of  America ''  in  order  to  adapt  the  designs  to  the 
peculiar  surroundings.  Tiic  corner-stone  was  laid  by  Bishop  Stevens,  Sept. 
21,  1867;  and  the  consecration  was  held  by  the  same  Bishop,  Nov.  25,  1869. 
The  structure  is  of  a  gray  sandstone,  with  brown-stone  trimmings,  and 
stands  on  a  rock-terrace  cut  in  the  side  of  the  mountain.  The  main  entrance 
is  reached  by  forty-three  stone  steps,  in  three  flights,  covered  by  an  orna- 
mental Gothic  porch.  The  woodwork  is  of  black  walnut,  the  floors  of  .Min- 
ton  tiles,  and  the  windows  are  of  richly  ornamented  stained  glass,  nearly  all 
memorials.  The  ground  plan  is  the  Latin  cross.  Length,  96  feet ;  width 
across  transepts,  75  feet;  height  of  nave-roof,  57  feet;  height  of  spire,  135 
feet.  In  a  recess  on  the  south  of  the  chancel  there  is  a  very  fine  organ  built 
by  Jardine  &  Sons,  of  New  York.  It  has  twenty-eight  stops,  two  manuals, 
with  reverse  action,  and  is  arranged  for  a  chancel  choir. 

Tlie  interior  decorations  in  polychrome  were  designed  by  E.  J.  N.  Stent, 
of  New  York,  and  are  exceedingly  rich  and  beautiful.  The  richest  decora- 
tion is  in  the  chancel,  where  crimson,  blue,  and  gold  are  employed,  and  an 
elaborate  symbolism  is  made  to  teach  important  Christian  doctrine. 

All  of  the  furniture  of  the  Church  is  memorial,  elaborate  in  design,  rich 
and  costly.  The  chief  of  all  is  tiie  Packer  memorial  altar  and  reredos, 
erected  in  1880.     The  altar  is   of  highly  polished  statuary  marble,  resting  on 


KING'S  HAiVDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


119 


reredos  is  built  of 
the  Middle  Pointed 
arrangement  it  is 
divided  by  heavy 
insc  r  i  p  t  i  o  n,  and 
the  structure,  are 
scenes  from  Holy 
in  high  relief,  about 
stalls  and  desks  are 


steps  of  veined  marble.  The  top  is  of  one  slab  with  inlaid  Maltese  crosses 
of  dark  Sienna  marble  in  the  centre  and  corners,  and  surrounded  with  a  rich 
heavy  moulding.  It  is  supported  by  four  columns  in  front,  the  shafts  of 
which  are  of  dark  vSienna  marble,  with  bases  and  caps  of  statuary  marble 
carved  in  natural  foliage.  The 
Caen  stone,  elaborately  worked,  in 
style  of  architecture  In  general 
composed  vertically  of  three  ba\s, 
buttresses.  Above  the  Ime  of 
forming  the  principal  features  of 
three  groups  of  figures  lepresentmg 
Scripture.  The  hguies  aie  carved 
three-fourths  life  size  The  choir 
of  polished  brass 
and  butternut 
wood,  and  are  in 
memory  of  Harry 
Eldred  Packer 
The  pulpit  is  oc- 
tagonal in  shape, 
and  made  of  pol 
ished  brass  and 
gray  Champlain 
marble.  It  stands 
on  the  floor  of 
the  nave,  and  is 
entered  from  the 
choir  by  a  brass 
staircase.  It  is  in 
memory  of  Rob 
ert  Asa  Packer. 
The  lectern  is  a 
massive   piece    of 


work,  eagle  pattern,  of 
richly  chased  polished  brass.  It  commem- 
orates Mrs.  Sarah  M.  Packer.  The  bap- 
tistery erected  in  1887,  at  the  west  end  of  the 
Church,  is  separated  from  the  nave  by  three  arches  supported  by  monolith 
columns  of  conglomerate  sandstone.  Under  the  central  window  a  dove- 
colored  marble  platform,  with  two  steps,  is  erected,  forming  a  half-hexagon, 
ten  feet  wide,  and  seven  feet  deep.  The  font  is  of  the  purest  white  marble, 
and  consists  of  three  parts.  The  cover  is  of  oak  and  brass  in  rich  foliated 
patterns,   about  five  feet  high,  surmounted  by  the  figure  of  an  angel  with 


I20  A/XG'S   I/AXDnoOK   Ol-    E/'/SCOJ'AL    C/fLNCHES. 

uplifted  wings,  bearing  a  scroll  upon  wiiicli  is  tlie  word  "Rcnatiir."  Around 
the  to])  of  the  cover  is  a  brass  band  lour  inciies  wide,  bearing  the  inscrii> 
lion,  "  Blessed  are  the  dead  who  die  in  the  Lord."  A  heavy  brass  ball  is 
suspended  from  the  ceiling  and  attached  to  the  cover  for  a  counter- 
weight. Surrounding  and  enclosing  the  font  is  a  rail  of  butternut-wood, 
su])ported  by  six  standards  of  twisted  brass,  between  which  there  are 
elaborate  panels  of  tracery-work.  On  two  of  these  panels  are  angels  in 
kneeling  posture,  bearing  scrolls  on  which  are  the  words  "  In  memoriam  ;" 
and  on  the  gates,  in  connection  with  the  interlacing  scroll-work  of  the 
design,  is  engraved  the  memorial  inscription  (the  baptistery  being  in 
memory  of  Mrs.  Fannie  Packer  Hutler) :  *•  This  Baptistery  is  erected 
by  Charles  O.  and  Marion  P.  Skeer.  to  the  glor)  of  (iod,  and  in  loving 
memory  of  their  daughter  Fannie  Packer,  wife  of  William  R.  Butler."  At 
the  corners  of  the  rail  rise  two  brass  candelabra,  eight  feet  high,  each  with 
seven  branches,  and  each  branch  bearing  a  triple  light,  forming  a  very 
ornamental  feature  of  the  structure.  Back  of  the  font  is  a  series  of  panel- 
work  of  carved  butternut,  continuing  from  the  marble  steps  up  to  the  base 
of  the  window.  The  walls  and  ceiling  of  the  baptistery  are  richly  decorated 
to  complete  the  artistic  treatment  of  the  whole.  In  the  tower  there  is  a 
chime  of  eight  bells,  and  a  clock. 

The  Parish  Building  adjoins  the  Church,  and  is  very  complete  in 
every  particular.  It  was  built  in  1882,  as  a  memorial  to  the  late  Hon.  Asa 
Packer,  by  his  widow,  Mrs.  Sarah  M.  Packer,  and  named  the  "  Sarah 
M.  Packer  Memorial  Parish  Building  of  St.  Mark's  Church."'  In  material, 
and  general  style  of  architecture,  it  corresponds  with  the  Church,  except 
the  interior  finish,  which  is  of  white  and  yellow  pine,  and  in  what  is  known 
as  the  "  Queen  Anne"  style  of  architecture.  It  is  about  one  hundred  feet 
in  length,  forty  feet  in  breadth,  and  three  stories  in  height.  On  the  first 
floor  there  is  a  chantry  for  week-day  and  holy-day  services,  fitted  up  com- 
pletely as  a  miniature  church,  witii  altar,  reredos,  chancel  furniture,  organ, 
and  chairs  upholstered  in  crimson  plush  velvet  with  hat-rack,  hook-rack,  and 
kneeling  benches  attached.  The  walls  are  richly  decorated  in  polychrome. 
The  ceilings  are  finished  in  carved  oak,  and  the  floor  set  with  .Minton's  tiles. 
On  the  second  floor  there  is  a  room  for  storage,  a  choir-room,  and  a  roi)ing- 
room.  On  the  third  floor,  on  the  level  with  the  entrance  to  the  Church,  there 
is  a  Sunday-school  room,  divided  bv  glass  partitions  into  four  rooms  whichi 
can  be  thrown  into  one  ;  furnished  with  maps,  blackboards,  organ,  and  with 
the  most  approved  style  of  seats  made  of  ash  and  cherry.  A  gallery  runs 
across  the  east  end  of  the  room,  and  a  convenient  room  for  the  library  opens 
out  of  the  main  vestibule.  —  Thus  splendidly  equipped  for  work,  the  parish, 
under  the  leadership  of  its  active  rector,  the  Rev.  .M.  A.  Tolman,  is  doing  a 
noble  work,  anil  making  itself  felt  as  a  power  for  good. 


KING'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIICRCHES. 


121 


ST.  ANDREW'S  CHURCH,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.— The  early  history  of 
St.  Andrew's  Parish  is  closely  connected  with  the  planting  of  the  Church 
in  Michigan.  The  first  clergyman  of  tlie  American  Church  to  settle  within 
the  limits  of  this  State  was  Rev.  Alonson  W.  Welton,  who  came  to  Detroit 
in  1821.  Mr.  Welton's  labors  were  confined  almost  entirely  to  Detroit,  and 
were  but  of  few  months'  duration  before  he  was  removed  by  death.  Yet, 
like  many  saintly  lives,  he  blessed  men  in  his  death  as  in  his  living  ;  for 
soon  afterwards  the  Domestic  and  Foreign   Missionarv  Societv  directed  its 


St.  Andrew's  Church,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 


attention  to  the  scene  of  his  labors,  and  in  1824  appointed  Rev.  Richard  F. 
Cadle  as  missionary  to  Michigan. 

Mr.  Cadle  began  his  work  in  the  summer  of  this  year,  and  served  the 
Church  faithfully  and  well  for  five  years.  During  this  time  he  was  the  only 
Episcopal  clergyman  in  the  entire  peninsula  of  Michigan.  He  first  planted 
the  Church  in  Detroit  (organizing  St.  Paul's  Church  there  in  1824),  and  then 
like  St.  Paul  he  went  forth  to  preach  the  gospel  in  new  regions. 

It  was  during  these  missionary  journej-s  that  St.  Andrew's  Parish,  Ann 
Arbor,  wq^  organized.  Mr.  Cadle  first  visited  this  vicinity  probably  in  1825 
or  1S26,  and  found  here  many  scattered  members  of  our  communion.     It  is 


I  22 


A'/XcrS  IIAXDBOOK'  OF  EriSCOPAL    CI/l'KCHES. 


due  to  his  fosterini;  care  that  St.  Andrew's  Parish  was  organized  in  1827. 
From  tliis  time  regular  services  were  lield  by  .Mr.  Merchant  Hu.vford,  a  lay 
reader  and  a  candidate  for  orders;  Rev.  Mr.  Cadle  coming  to  the  parish 
as  often  as  possible  to  administer  the  Sacraments  of  the  Church. 

In  1829  Rev.  Mr.  Cadle  resigned  his  position  as  missionary  to  Micliigan; 
and  in  the  following  year  two  clergymen  were  appointed  to  take  up  his  work, 
one  of  whom.  Rev.  Silas  W.  Freeman,  was  stationed  at  Ann  Arbor.  He 
was  the  first  rector  of  St.  Andrew's  Parish,  and  was  in  charge  of  the  Church 
in  this  region  for  about  three  years.  The  rectors  of  the  parish  since  that 
time  have  been  as  follows  :  Rev.  Silas  W.  Freeman,  Rev.  John  P.  Bausman, 
Rev.  Samuel  Marks,  Rev.  Francis  H.  Cunjing,  D.U..  Rev.  Charles  C.  Tay- 
lor, Rev.  Prof.  George  P.  Williams  (officiating),  Rev.  Charles  C.  Taylor,  Rev. 

David  F.  Lumsden,  Rev.  George  D. 
Gillespie,  D.D.,  Rev.  Wyllys  Hall, 
D.D.,  Rev.  Samuel  Earp,  Ph.D.  The 
Church  in  Ann  Arbor  has  had  three 
consecrated  houses  of  worship.  The 
first  services  were  held  in  the  houses 
of  Church-members  and  in  the  court- 
house. When  Rev.  Mr.  Marks  began 
his  labors,  the  first  service  was  held 
in  the  basement  of  a  Church  that 
had  been  begun  in  the  fall  of  1835. 
To  use  his  own  words,  "  The  basement 
was  filled  with  shavings  and  boards 
and  stones  and  brickbats :  these  were  cleared  away,  and  a  floor  laid,  and  vou 
would  have  smiled  at  the  primitiveness  of  my  pulpit."  The  Church  edifice 
thus  referred  to  was  completed  in  1836.  and  was  consecrated  by  Right  Rev. 
.Samuel  A.  McCroskey,  Bishop  of  Michigan,  Nov.  18,  1838.  This  Church 
was  enlarged  in  1856,  and  consecrated  May  18  of  that  year.  It  was  again 
enlarged  in  1863  on  account  of  the  growth  of  the  congregation.  Here  the 
congregation  worshipped  until  Nov.  10,  1869,  when  the  present  Church  edi- 
fice was  consecrated  by  the  bishop  of  the  diocese,  the  bishop  of  Illinois 
preaching  the  sermon.  This  House  of  God  is  in  every  way  tasty  and 
churchly.  Several  memorial  windows  and  other  memorials  of  those  who 
have  died  in  the  faith  add  to  its  sanctity.  In  1881  a  beautiful  stone  Chapel 
was  erected,and  in  tlie  tollowing  spring  a  Rectory  was  built  adjoining  the 
Church.  The  parish  now  has  all  needed  buildings.  Back  of  the  Church  is 
a  home  for  the  sexton.  North  of  the  Rectory  is  a  vaiualile  corner  lot  for 
some  future  use.  This  lot  has  just  come  into  tlie  possession  of  the  parish 
(August,  1S8S).  Hobart  Hall,  though  a  diocesan  institution,  is  the  Guild 
Hall  of  the  parisli.      Ikre  .ire  heltl  ihe  parish  socials  and  other  gatherings, 


Hobart  Hall,   Ann  Arbor.  Mich. 


JC/NG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 23 

the  design  of  this  Hall  being  to  bring  a  Churchly  influence  to  bear  upon  the 
students  of  the  State  University.  I'he  work  of  the  Hall  is  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  rector  of  St.  Andrew's  Church,  the  curator  of  the  Hall  being 
his  assistant  in  this  branch  of  the  parish  work. 

From  its  location  at  the  seat  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  St.  Andrew's 
Parish  necessarily  exerts  an  influence  that  is  far-reaching.  The  present 
rector,  Rev.  Samuel  Earp,  Ph.D.,  fully  realizes  the  responsibility  of  the 
parish,  and  endeavors  in  every  way  to  make  his  ministrations  helpful  and 
profitable  to  his  widely  gathered  congregations. 

The  members  of  St.  Andrew's  Parish  look  back  with  admissible  pride  to 
her  past  history.  They  see  the  Church  of  Ann  Arbor  the  honored  mother 
of  three  neighboring  parishes,  —  St.  Luke's,  Ypsilanti,  St.  James',  Dexter, 
and  St.  Stephen's,  Hamburg.  At  present  she  is  nursing  with  fostering  care 
two  missions  near  by  this  city. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH,  Wilmington,  Del.— Rev.  T.  Gardiner  Littell, 
D.D.,  rector.  The  parish  was  organized  through  the  zealous  exertions  of 
Mr.  Alexis  Irende  DuPont,  on  the  7th  of  August,  1855.  The  corner-stone 
was  laid  June  4,  1857.  The  building  was  consecrated  Nov.  3,  1858.  There 
have  been  four  rectors,  —  the  Rev.  Charles  Breck,  D.D.,  until  the  day  of 
the  consecration  of  the  Church;  the  Rev.  Stevens  Parker,  D.D.,  for  seven 
years  ;  the  Rev.  Leighton  Coleman,  D.D.,  recently  consecrated  bishop  of  the 
diocese  of  Delaware,  for  nearly  three  years ;  and  the  Rev.  Thomas  Gardiner 
Littell,  D.D.,  from  1866  to  the  present  time.  The  building  is  of  blue 
granite,  and  is  from  designs  by  Notman,  and  is  Gothic.  It  will  seat  between 
700  and  800  persons.  It  has  a  fine  organ  in  a  recently  erected  organ- 
chamber,  and  has  a  vested  choir.  The  furniture  is  of  oak.  On  the  15th  of 
August,  1885,  the  corner-stone  of  a  parish  building  was  laid.  It  was  occu- 
pied Nov.  3  of  the  same  year.  It  contains  clergy-room,  reading-room,  and 
rooms  for  choir,  guild,  and  Bible  classes.  A  Sunday-school  building  was 
also  completed  on  the  28th  of  the  following  December.  The  designs  for 
these  two  buildings  were  furnished  by  Mr.  Emlen  T.  Littell  of  New  York. 
They  are  also  of  granite,  and  cost  about  $11,500. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  GOOD  SHEPHERD,  Hartford,  Conn.  —  This 
Church,  erected  by  Mrs.  Samuel  Colt  as  a  memorial  to  her  deceased  husband 
and  children,  was  consecrated  to  the  worship  of  God  Almighty  on  the 
twenty-eighth  day  of  January,  1869.  The  building  is  Gothic  in  style,  and  is 
built  of  Portland  brown-stone,  with  trimmings  of  white  Ohio-stone.  The 
Church  proper  is  114  feet  in  length  by  47  in  width  on  the  ground,  and  is 
divided  by  columns  into  nave  and  side  aisles,  the  nave  having  a  height  of 
some  65  feet.     The  chancel  is  recessed  from   the   Church   in  form  of  an 


124  A'/XG'S  I/AXniWOK  OF  KriSCOPAL    CUCRCHES. 


St.  John's  Church,  Wilmington,   Del 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


125 


ellipse,  opening  through  an  arch  the  width  of  tiie  na\-e.  A  chapel  or 
Sunda3-school  room  is  attached,  and  opens  into  the  Church.  At  the  nortii- 
west  corner  of  the  Church  stands  a  semi-detached  tower,  which  is  in  form 
a  plain  square,  with  bastions  pierced  with  quatrefoils.     The  tower  is  sur- 


mounted by  a  spire  rising  150  feet  above  the 
north  is  the  Sunday-school  room,  forming 
main  building,  and  entered  through  a  porch 
north-west  corner.  This  porch  is  of  stone,  with 
mounted  by  a  plain  cross.  On  the  west  and 
formed  by  the  intersection  of  the  chancel  end 
is  built  out  a  small  square  room,  which  is  used 
and  an  orjjan-chamber.     The  roof  of  the  chan- 


ground.  Fronting 
a  transept  to  the 
and  door  at  its 
pointed  roof  sur- 
north,  in  the  angle 
and  the  transept, 
for  a  robing-room 
eel  is  crowned  with 


*  Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  Hartford,  Conn. 

a  gilded  cross,  gilt  rays  springing  from  its  sides.  The  chancel  is  lighted  by 
thirteen  windows,  separated  from  each  other  by  columns  of  highly  polished 
Scotch  granite  in  alternate  colors  of  red  and  gray.  Each  of  the  capitals  of 
these  columns  bears  the  emblem  of  one  of  the  Apostles  entwined  in  foliage. 
The  entrance  to  the  baptistery  is  on  the  south  side  of  the  chancel,  near  its 
junction  with  the  nave.  It  is  quaintly  designed  in  such  a  manner  that  the 
arch,  which  is  of  alternate  Portland  and  Ohio  stones,  forms  the  roof  of  the 
entrance.     At  the  south-west  corner  is  tlie  principal  entrance  to  the  Church. 


126  A'/A'G'S   II A. XD HOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

It  is  a  stone  porch  with  pointed  roof,  and  is  crowned  with  a  heavily  carved 
stone  cross,  the  stone  bearing  on  its  front  the  Alplia  and  Omega.  The 
clere-story  has  a  series  o^  richly-stained  glass  windows,  which  is  carried 
around  the  chancel  roof  also.  The  roof  itself  is  covered  witli  red  and  blue 
slates,  arranged  in  patterns,  and  is  crowned  witii  a  crest  of  lance-work  in 
blue  and  gilt,  culminating  at  the  chancel  and  in  the  heavily  gilded  cross 
before  mentioned.  Any  description  of  the  exterior  of  the  building  proves 
itself  unsatisfactory  to  those  who  have  seen  it.  The  completeness  of  the 
work  and  the  beauty  of  finish  everywhere  demand  jjersonal  observation  to 
be  justly  appreciated. 

Within  the  Church  one  is  immediately  struck  with  the  perfect  harmony 
of  the  whole,  and  with  the  conformity  that  exists  between  the  inner  and 
outer  decorations  of  the  building.  There  are  a  centre  and  two  side  alleys, 
with  cross  aisles  at  either  end.  The  ceiling  of  the  nave  is  painted  a  rich 
blue,  and  studded  thickly  with  golden  stars.  The  rafters  are  of  chestnut, 
lined  with  a  brilliant  carmine.  Braces  of  chestnut  and  oak  support  these: 
and  the  spandrels  are  filled  with  massive  carvings  in  the  form  of  oak,  ivy, 
and  maple  leaves.  The  walls  are  wainscoted  in  chestnut  to  the  height  of 
three  and  a  half  feet  from  the  floor,  above  which  they  are  painted  a  delicate 
French  gray.  Three  series  of  windows  on  the  south  and  two  on  the  north 
side,  in  clusters  of  three,  furnish  light  for  the  body  of  the  Church.  The 
windows  are  of  stained  glass,  the  jambs  being  decorated  with  patterns  in 
color,  and  each  window  is  surrounded  with  a  heavy  gilt  moulding.  The 
nave  is  separated  from  the  side-aisles  by  arches,  supported  by  light  iron 
columns,  which  are  bronzed,  and  finished  in  blue,  sjlver,  and  gilt.  The 
vestibule,  the  aisles,  and  the  chancel  are  paved  with  tiles  of  different  colors 
and  of  varied  patterns,  the  designs  increasing  in  richness  as  they  approach 
the  altar.  The  seats  are  of  chestnut,  carved  and  oiled.  At  the  west  end  is 
the  Memorial  Window.  The  frame  of  this  window  is  of  stone,  the  central 
division  being  so  massive  as  to  form  in  reality  almost  two  distinct  windows. 
At  the  foot  of  the  window  is  the  dedication,  — 

IN    MEMORY   OF    MY    HUSBAND, 

SAMUEL   COLT, 

BORN    19th    OF   JULY,   1814, 
DIED    lOth  OF  JANUARY,  1862. 

The  other  section  contains  a  figure  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  with  the  little 
ones  of  the  flock  at  His  feet;  and  underneath  is  the  inscription, — 

"We  shall  gather  the  Lambs  into  His  Arms." 
IN    MEMORY   OF   OUR    INFANT  CHILDREN, 

SAMUEL   JAMES    COLT, 
ELIZABETH    JARVIS    COLT, 
HENRIETTA    SELDEN    COLT. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  12/ 

The  transept  opens  out  from  the  north  aisle,  and  is  separated  from  the 
Church  by  a  beautiful  carved  wooden  screen  filled  with 'heavy  plate-glass. 

The  chancel  is  recessed  from  the  nave,  being  about  45  feet  deep  by  22 
in  width.  On  the  south  side  two  arches  open  into  the  baptistery,  supported 
in  the  centre  by  a  massive  pillar  of  polished  red  granite,  its  capital  being  of 
Ohio-stone,  finely  cut  to  represent  marigolds  and  water-lilies  with  their  broad 
leaves.  A  like  pillar  supports,  on  the  other  side,  two  arches  which  open 
into  the  organ-chamber ;  the  spaces  beneath  these  arches  are  filled  with  the 
pipes  of  the  organ,  which  are  decorated  in  color  and  gilt. 

The  baptistery  is  on  a  level  with  the  floor  of  the  main  building,  but  is 
paved  like  the  chancel.  It  has  six  small  windows  of  stained  glass.  The 
design  of  the  font  consists  of  three  children  holding  a  shell,  the  whole  being 
cut  from  a  solid  block  of  pure  white  marble.  The  brass  eagle  lectern  stands 
on  the  south  side  of  the  chancel  arch.  In  the  standards  are  a  circle  of 
carbuncles,  which  gleam  brilliantly  as  the  light  strikes  upon  them.  On  the 
north  side  stands  the  pulpit,  made  of  chestnut,  octagonal  in  form,  and 
fittingly  carved.  The  choir  is  reached  from  the  nave  by  means  of  four  steps 
of  the  Ohio-stone.  The  sacrarium  is  lifted  one  step  above  this;  and  the 
altar  stands  one  step  higher  yet.  The  chancel-rail  is  light  and  graceful,  of 
brass  ornamented  with  carbuncles.  The  altar  stands  out  slightly  from  the 
end  wall.  It  is  panelled  in  eight  sections.  The  Bishop's  chair  is  beauti- 
fully carved,  and  is  surmounted  by  a  full-sized  mitre  and  encircled  with  ivy- 
leaves.     There  are  seats  for  the  clergy  on  the  right  of  the  altar. 

The  first  rector  of  the  parish  was  the  Rev.  Henry  W.  Nelson,  under 
whose  charge  the  mission  was  started  and  the  Church  built.  He  held  the 
office  till  1876.  The  present  rector,  the  Rev.  J.  Henry  Watson,  has  been  in 
charge  since  May,  1877. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  INCARNATION,  Philadelphia,  —  When,  in 
1854,  the  movement  for  a  new  parish  in  the  north-western  part  of  Phila- 
delphia began,  the  region  was  very  different  from  what  it  is  now.  "  Vacant 
lots  and  fields  extended  along  Broad  Street,  north  of  Coates,  while  on  the 
streets  east  and  west  the  long  picket  lines  of  bricks  and  mortar  were  rarely 
pushed  beyond  Poplar  Street,  even  by  the  most  adventurous  and  speculative 
builders."  It  was  evident,  however,  that  in  time  this  region  must  be  occu- 
pied ;  and  with  admirable  forethought  some  devout  Church-people  resolved 
that  a  Church  should  be  built  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  new  population. 
The  first  organization,  in  1855,  was  known  as  "The  Church  of  the  Holy 
Apostles,"  but  the  name  was  changed  in  1859  to  "  The  Church  of  the 
Incarnation."  The  Rev.  Benjamin  Franklin  was  elected  the  first  rector,  and 
began  his  duties  Jan.  20.  1S56,  but  resigned  in  September.  The  Rev.  C.  M. 
Parkman  and  the  Rev.  C.  Purviance  were  his  successors. 


128 


AV.\r;-.V   //AXD/^OOA-   Of-    El'/SCOPAL    C//(A'C//ES. 


Tlie   present  rector,  tlie   Rev.  Dr.  Joseph   D.   Newliii,  entered    upon  his 
labors    Trinity    Sunthiy,   June    3,    iS^x).      The    twenty-fifth    anniversary   of 
his  rectorship  was  duly  celebrated  by  a  service  in   the   Church,  and  by  a 
social  gathering  in  the  Chapel,  May  31  and  June  1, 
T  18.S5.     ••  Wiicn  he  came  to  this  cliarge  in  i860,  there 

was  a  small  congregation  %vorshij)ping  in  a  modest 
chapel,  and  struggling  to  meet  pressing  obligations. 
In  a  few  years  the  debt  had  been  paid,  and  plans 
had  been  secured  for  the  present  Church  building. 
During  five  years  of  labors  and  trials,  shared  alike 
)v  pastor  and  people,  this  work  progressed  :  and 
on  Christmas  Day,  1N70,  the  rector  held  the  first 
service,  and  preached  his  first  sermon  in  the  new 
Church."  In  i<SiS4  the  munificent  gift  of  Mrs. 
Ceorge  Williams  completed  tlic  spire,  in  memory 
of  her  husband.  The  total  money  value  of  the 
property  secured  to  the  parish  during  the  rector- 
ship of  Dr.  Newlin  is  about  a  Inuidred  and  fifty 
thousand  dollars. 


The  corner-stone  of  the  chapel, 
the   first  building  erected,  now- 
standing    in    the    rear   of    the 
Church,  was  laid  Dec.  15,  185S. 
It  was  used  for  services  for 
the  first  time  in  September, 
1S59.     For  a  long  while   it 
stood    ill    its    loneliness    at 
the  end  of  the  deep 
;  lot.       The     corncr- 

stone  of  the  Church 
was  not  laid  until 
lune  28,  1866.  and 
it  was  four  years 
liefore  the  building 
was  ready  for  use. 
The  total  e.xpense 
exclusive     of      the 

ground,  wliicli  cost  over  5i2,8o:>,  was  altout  $99,500,  the  tower  being  unfin- 
ished wlien  the  report  of  the  building  committee  was  made  in  1871.  The 
land  was  paid  for  in  1876.  and  the  building  debt  was  greatly  reduced  in  1880. 
The  completion  of  the  tower,  in  18S5,  cost  over  $25,000.  June  9,  1875,  the 
new  organ   was  pi. iced  in   tiie   Church:   and  June  6,  1882,  a  vested  choir  of 


Church  of  the  Incarnation,   Philadelphia 


KING'S   HANDBOOK'   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 29 

men  and  boys  was  substituted  for  tlie  quartet  previously  em))loyed.  The 
introduction  of  the  vested  choir  led  to  the  removal  of  the  organ  to  the 
chancel.  At  the  same  time  over  seven  thousand  dollars  were  spent  in  im- 
provements to  the  Church  and  Chapel.  The  Church  is  a  Gothic  structure, 
consisting  of  nave,  north  and  south  aisles  and  transepts,  tower,  three  porches, 
robing-room,  and  chancel.  The  walls  and  spire  are  of  cut  Leiperville  stone, 
with  brown-stone  trimmings.  The  seating  capacity  is  about  eight  hundred, 
leaving  very  broad  passage-ways.  The  interior  decorations,  the  woodwork, 
the  stained  glass,  the  chancel  fittings,  and  the  organ  are  all  in  good  taste, 
and  give  a  pleasing  impression.  The  eagle  lectern  is  a  memorial  of  the 
rector's  twenty-five  )ears  of  service.  A  bronze  tablet  in  the  tower  recites 
the  fact  that  the  spire  is  in  memory  of  the  benefactor  of  the  parish,  Mr. 
George  Williams. 

Bishop  Stevens,  in  his  letter  to  the  parish  under  date  of  May  29,  1885, 
congratulates  the  people  "  that  during  these  twenty-five  years  you  have 
outgrown  the  little  chapel  with  its  lowly  roof  and  modest  appointments,  and 
now  fill  the  noble  edifice  with  its  elegant  adornments,  and  enjoy  its  richer 
and  more  effective  service  of  prayer  and  praise.''  .  .  .  •'  It  is  rarely  that  a 
parish  is  privileged  to  celebrate  with  such  true  affection  and  perfect  unity 
of  feeling,  such  a  long  continuance  of  the  pastoral  relation,  —  a  relation  so 
peculiarly  honorable  to  both  parties.  God  grant  that  this  harmony  may 
long  be  preserved,  and  that  this  bond  of  union  may  long  exist  with  ever- 
increasing  blessings,  both  temporal  and  spiritual,  to  every  member  of  the 
parish  !  " 

ST.  THOMAS'  CHURCH,  New  York,  N.Y.  — When  St.  Thomas' 
Church  was  organized,  in  1823,  the  region  of  Broadway  and  Houston  Street 
was  a  rural  suburb.  Large  open  fields  stretched  off  to  the  south-west. 
Old  country-seats  still  held  their  place.  Brooks  and  running  streams  diver- 
sified the  landscape,  and  groves  of  patriarchal  trees  were  within  sight. 
People  wondered  why  a  building  was  erected  so  far  away  from  the  popula- 
tion. But  the  city  soon  grew,  and  speedily  overspread  all  the  old  landmarks. 
Street  pressed  upon  street,  block  upon  block;  and  before  the  Church  had 
passed  its  infancy,  it  was  in  the  midst  of  an  advancing  population.  The 
structure  itself  was  imposing  for  those  days,  and  the  adjacent  Rectory  was 
beautiful  and  comfortable.  "The  people  dwelt  around  the  Church,  the  pas- 
tor dwelt  among  the  people,  and  the  integrity  and  beauty  of  every  parochial 
relation  was  sustained."  During  the  memorable  rectorship  of  Rev.  Dr. 
Hawks,  the  parish,  in  its  old  location,  gained  its  noontide  of  temporal  pros- 
perity. About  1843,  however,  the  district  began  to  change,  and  the  changes 
came  rapidly.  The  whole  section  around  the  Church  was  seized  for  the 
uses  of  traffic,  amusement,  and  shameful  vice.     While  the  transformation 


130  A-/.\G\S   IIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

was  in  progress,  the  old  Church  was  destroyed  by  fire.  Shortly  after  the 
consecration  of  the  restored  Church  upon  the  same  site,  its  rector,  the  Kev. 
Dr.  Whitehouse,  was  made  the  bishop  of  Illinois.  He  was  succeeded  by 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Neville,  who  served  about  four  years.  In  1857  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Morgan  was  made  the  rector  of  the  parish.  Speaking  to  his  congregation 
in  March,  1865,  he  said,  "Whatever  may  be  our  seeming  welfare,  we  are 
greatly  inferior  to  many  Churches  in  respect  to  location.  On  two  sides  we 
are  bounded  by  busy  and  turbulent  thoroughfares,  and  helplessly  exposed  to 
noise  and  interruption.  We  are  in  the  centre  of  the  worst  neighborhood  in 
the  city,  the  most  degraded,  and  the  most  completely  surrendered  to  the 
purposes  of  crime.  If  tiie  denizens  of  this  immediate  vicinitv  were  to  re- 
solve upon  a  better  observance  of  Sunday,  and  enter  this  Church,  you  would 
forsake  it  at  once,  and  in  a  body."  On  the  29th  of  April,  r 866,  the  Doctor 
was  able  to  deliver  a  closing  discourse  in  the  old  Church,  for  it  had  been 
decided  to  remove  to  the  present  location.  A  temporary  chapel  was  erected 
on  the  new  site  in  1867,  and  used  until  the  Church  was  finished. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  present  magnificent  structure  was  laid  by  Bishop 
Horatio  Potter,  Oct.  14,  186S.  The  building  was  opened  for  services  Oct. 
6,  1870.  The  architect  was  Mr.  Richard  Upjohn.  In  his  sermon  at  the 
opening  of  the  Church,  Dr.  Morgan  thus  alluded  to  the  architect :  "  As  if 
premonished  that  it  might  be  the  hist  great  work  of  his  advanced  and  vener- 
able years,  he  has  given  to  it  the  ripest  and  best-considered  studies  of  his 
life.  He  has  surrendered  himself  to  this  structure  ;  his  genius,  his  super- 
vision, his  careful  direction,  botii  of  the  massive  and  the  minute,  of  the 
solid  and  the  decorative,  have  been  thoroughly  concentrated  here,  and  have 
brought  out  a  result  which  utters  his  praises  and  confirms  his  eminent  repu- 
tation a  thousand-fold  louder  than  the  preacher's  voice."  The  beautiful 
Church,  so  prominently  placed  in  the  midst  of  fine  residences,  became  one 
of  the  most  attractive  in  the  city,  not  only  because  of  its  fine  architecture 
and  adornments,  but  because  of  the  exquisite  music,  rendered  under  the 
direction  of  Mr.  George  William  Warren,  and  the  pulpit  ability  of  its  rector, 
who  continued  his  successful  labors  until  1888,  when  he  entered  into  rest. 
The  chime  of  bells  in  the  tower  cost  six  thousand  dollars,  and  are  remarkable 
for  their  sweetness  of  tone.  The  decoration  of  the  chancel  walls  was  done 
by  La  Fargc  and  St.  (iaudens.  Tlie  organ  is  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
complete  in  tlie  world.  The  builder  was  Roosevelt.  It  contains  3,612 
pipes,  55  sounding  stops,  10  couplers,  and  every  modern  appliance  for 
mechanical  effects. 

St.  Thomas'  Church,  although  attended  by  many  of  the  wealthy  class,  is 
not  neglectful  of  the  poor;  for,  in  addition  to  numerous  benevolent  socie- 
ties, it  has  a  Free  Chajjel,  and  St.  Tiiomas'  House  in  the  rear  of  the  Chapel. 
This   House  was  erected  in   1882,  from  plans  drawn  bv  Mr.  C.  C.  Haight, 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  131 


St.  Thomas'  Church,   New  York,   N.Y. 


'3^ 


A'/A'G'S   HAXDliOOK   OF  /i/'/SCOTAL    C//URCI/ES. 


architect.  It  is  a  memorial  of  Henry  Keep  Flower,  whose  parents,  the 
Hon.  and  .Mrs.  Roswell  P.  Flower,  gave  forty  thousand  dollars  for  this  pur- 
pose The  rectors  of  St.  Thomas'  Church  have  been  :  the  Rev.  Dr.  Cornelius 
K.  Duffee,  1823  to  1.S27;  ti)e  Rev.  Dr.  (ieorjje  Upfold,  from  1.S28  to  1831, 
when  he  liecame  bishop  of  Indiana:  the  Rev.  Dr.  Francis  L.  Hawks,  from 
1831  to  1843;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  J.  Whitehouse,  from  1843  to  1851,  when 
he  became  bishop  of  Illinois;  the  Rev.  Dr.  Edmund  Neville,  from  1852  to 
1856;  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  F.  Morgan,  from  1857  to  1888.  The  presenJ 
rector  is  the  Rev.  Dr.  folin  \V.  Brown. 


CALVARY  CHURCH,  New  York,  N.Y.  —  The  population  of  New 
York  City  in  1835,  wlieii  Calvary  Parish  was  formed,  was  about  two  hun- 
dred and  fifty  thousand.  This  pop- 
ulation was  included  almost  entirely 
in  that  part  of  the  city  which  lay 
south  of  Fourteenth  Street.  The 
first  Church  building  of  the  parish 
was    of   wood,   on    Fourth    Avenue. 


Calvary  Church,   New   York,   N.Y. 


north  of  Thirtieth  Street.  The  population  around  the  Church  being  scat- 
tered, and  the  parish  feel)le,  there  was  a  hard  struggle  for  its  life.  The 
Church  building  was  removed  in  1.S41  to  tlie  north-east  corner  of  Fourth 
.Avenue  and  Twenty-second  Street.  In  1844  land  at  the  corner  of  Fourth 
Avenue  and  Twenty-first  Street,  the  present  location,  was  secured. 

The  present  building  is  a  handsome  brown-stone  structure,  in  Old 
English  style  of  architecture,  and  will  seat  about  sixteen  hundred  people. 
The  rectors  of  Calvarv  have   been  men  of  irreat  influence.     .Among  them 


k'/NG'S  HANDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 33 

were  the  Rev.  Francis  H.  Cuming,  the  Rev.  Charles  Jones,  Rev.  Smith  Pyne, 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Francis  Hawks,  the  Rev.  Dr.  A.  Clevehind  Coxe  (who  after- 
wards became  bishop  of  Western  New  York),  the  Rev.  Dr.  Edward  A. 
Washburn.  Dr.  Washburn  served  from  1865  to  188 1.  In  March,  1882,  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Henry  Y.  Satterlee  became  the  rector.  Out  of  the  work  of  Cal- 
vary Parish  has  sprung  Calvary  Chapel,  a  most  prosperous  organization, 
and  Galilee  Mission.  Some  idea  of  the  extent  of  the  work  of  Calvarv 
Church  may  be  gathered  from  the  following  summary:  It  has  926  families, 
1,295  communicants,  922  teachers  and  scholars  in  the  Sunday-schools,  and 
a  Sunday-school  among  the  Chinese.  The  contributions  for  one  year 
amounted  to  $75,550.  Fourteen  boxes,  valued  at  $1,686,  were  sent  away  to 
missionaries.  Beside  all  this,  there  are  free  reading-rooms,  and  summer 
homes  for  the  poor.  During  the  rectorship  of  Dr.  Satterlee  the  scope  of 
the  parish  work  has  so  increased,  and  become  so  highly  important,  that  hf 
felt  called  upon  to  resign  an  election  to  the  episcopate  which  was  tendered 
him.  With  the  agencies  now  adopted,  and  with  the  plans  in  prospect,  there 
is  no  predicting  the  magnificent  future  of  Calvarv  Church. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH,  Ogdensburg,  N.Y.  — The  organization  of  St. 
John's  Church  was  effected  May  23,  1820.  The  corner-stone  of  a  Church 
was  laid  by  the  Rev.  Lawson  Carter,  Aug.  10,  1821,  on  a  lot  given  by  David 
and  George  Parish.  In  this  building  Divine  service  was  held  for  the  first 
time  Oct.  13,  1822.  The  clergy  in  charge  of  the  parish  have  been  the  Rev. 
A.  G.  Baldwin,  the  Rev.  Lawson  Carter,  Rev.  Addison  Searle,  Rev.  Charles 
I.  Todd,  the  Rev.  Mathew  Huse,  Rev.  Richard  Bury,  Rev.  Francis  Tre- 
mayne,  Rev.  William  Barlow,  Rev.  H.  R.  Peters,  and  Rev.  H.  W.  Beers. 
In  1875  the  Rev.  James  D.  Morrison  became  the  rector,  and  still  holds  the 
position.  In  1844  the  Church  building  was  enlarged  by  an  extension  in 
length  of  thirty  feet,  at  the  expense  of  the  Hon.  Henry  Van  Rensselaer,  and 
in  1857  another  addition  was  made  on  the  side  ;  but  the  Church  was  too 
small  for  the  congregation,  and  in  1869  they  concluded  to  build  a  new  one 
on  the  site  of  the  old. 

The  new  Church  was  completed  in  1871,  and  consecrated  by  Bishop 
Doane  July  27.  This  beautiful  new  Church,  the  finest  and  costliest  in  this 
diocese  north  of  Alban}',  was  designed  by  Mr.  Emlen  T.  Littell  of  New 
York.  It  is  of  Early  Decorated  Gothic,  and  the  general  feeling  is  that  of 
the  English  development  of  that  style.  The  plan  comprises  chancel,  nave, 
aisles,  tower,  organ-chamber,  sacristy,  and  porch,  the  extreme  dimensions 
upon  the  ground  being  about  seventj^-five  feet  by  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet. 
The  main  entrance  is  through  the  tower,  which  rises  one  hundred  and  ten 
feet,  and  is  crowned  by  angle  and  intermediate  pinnacles,  forming  a  striking 
feature  in  every  view  of  the  city,  from  every  quarter ;  the  entrance  door  is 


134  A'/A'G'S  IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

canopied,  the  canopy  surmounted  Ijy  a  cross,  and  Hanked  by  triple  columns; 
the  ix-liry  stage  contains  two  traceried  windows  on  each  face,  which  are  left 
entirely  open;  the  crowninfj  pinnacles  are  connected  by  an  open  stone 
parapet;  the  nave  is  thirty-tive  feet  six  inches  in  width,  and  each  aisle 
is  fifteen  feet  eleven  inches  in  width ;  there  are  eight  bays,  of  eleven  feet 
four  inches,  separated  by  buttresses,  and  each  lighted  by  a  lancet  with 
traceried  head.  The  clere-story  has  two  traceried  windows  to  each  bay,  and 
the  clerc-story  arches  are  carried  by  coupled  wrought-iron  columns,  with 
capitals  of  cast  metal,  from  the  foliage  of  which  the  gas-jets  project.  The 
lighting  of  the  nave  by  gas  is  very  successful.  The  chancel  is  twenty-five 
feet  in  w'idth  by  thirty  feet  in  depth,  with  an  apsidal  termination  of  the 
form  of  a  semi-decagon.  On  the  south  of  the  chancel  is  the  organ-chamber, 
fourteen  feet  by  eighteen  feet ;  and  on  the  north  the  sacristy,  fourteen  feet 
by  eleven  feet  six  inches.  Adjoining  the  sacristy,  in  the  easternmost  bay, 
is  a  side  porch.  The  roof  is  partly  "open,"  forming  a  semi-decagon  in  the 
nave,  having  arched  ribs  and  moulded  panels  in  the  ceiling,  the  panels  being 
painted  ultramarine  blue,  and  the  chamfers  and  bolt-heads  vermilion.  From 
the  junction  of  the  arched  ribs  in  the  chancel  a  corona  depends.  The  walls 
are  plastered,  tinted  a  warm  buff,  and  blocked  off  in  rectangular  diaper,  with 
Venetian-red  lines.  The  hood  moulds,  etc.,  are  tinted  of  a  greenish  gray. 
The  iron  columns  are  painted  Indian  red,  with  dark  green  lines,  the  rivet- 
heads  being  gilded,  and  the  caps  finished  in  blue,  red,  white,  black,  and 
gold.  The  Church  is  wainscoted  with  black  ash,  with  black-walnut  mould- 
ings, the  wainscoting  in  the  apse  being  deeply  panelled,  with  trefoiled  heads 
to  the  panels.  The  nave  seats  are  also  of  black  ash,  with  black-walnut  rails. 
The  chancel  furniture  is  of  black  walnut.  The  carpets  in  nave  and  chancel 
are  of  subdued  pattern,  crimson  and  black  ground.  The  windows  are  filled 
with  stained  glass,  with  briglit  border.  The  windows  in  the  apse  are  filled 
with  Grisaille  pattern  glass,  containing  medallions  charged  with  emblems, 
except  the  central  window,  which  contains  figures  of  St.  John  the  Baptist 
and  St.  John  the  Evangelist.  Upon  the  north  side  is  an  aisle  window,  filled 
with  handsome  subject  glass,  in  memory  of  a  late  member  of  the  parish. 
Other  memorial  windows  are  also  to  be  inserted.  The  Church  is  built  of  the 
dark  blue-gray  Ogdensburg  silicious  limestone,  and  the  string-courses,  arches, 
and  the  trimmings  generally,  are  of  the  light  buff  Ohio  freestone,  forming 
a  very  striking  and  brilliant  contrast.  The  roofs  are  slated  with  purple  and 
red  Vermont  slate,  in  equal  proportions,  with  a  small  amount  of  green  slate, 
all  laid  in  liarmonious  patterns.  The  ridges  are  surmounted  by  iron  crest- 
ings,  and  the  gables  crowned  with  iron  crosses,  all  finished  in  ultramarine 
blue  and  gold.  The  general  effect  of  the  whole  edifice  is  that  of  solid  and 
seemly  stateliness,  as  if  those  who  built  it  had  a  consciousness  that  before 
long  it  might  become  the  cathedral  church  of  a  bishop  of  Ogdensburg.  In 
acoustic  properties,  also,  it  is  a  ))erfect  success. 


136 


A/AG\S   l/AADnOOK   OI-    EJ'/SCO/'Af.    C/ICRCIIES. 


A  few  years  afterwards,  during  the  rectorship  of  Dr.  lieers,  a  Chapel  and 
Sunday-school  room  was  added  to  the  Church  at  the  south-easterly  corner 
(wliicii  appears  in  the  engraving)  at  an  expense  of  $12,000;  and  in  1.S86  a 
rectory  was  purchased,  situated  a  few  blocks  from  the  Church,  at  a  cost  of 
about  510,000. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CHURCH,  Cohoes,  N.Y.  —The  city  of  Colioes,  accord- 
ing to  the  census  of  1880,  had  a  population  of  nearly  twenty  thousand.  It 
is  a  great  cotton-goods  manufacturing  place,  near  the  junction  of  the  Hudson 
and  Mohawk  Rivers,  and  employs  in  its  great  mills  many  hundreds  of 
working-people.      Standing  upon    one    of    the    hills    in    the    neighborhood, 


Cohoes,  Lansingburgh,  Green  Island,  Troy,  West  Troy,  Greenbush,  and 
Albany  all  seem  as  one  great  city  bound  together  by  street-cars  and  rail- 
ways, and  numbering  in  all  a  vast  population.  Services  of  the  Church  were 
begun  about  the  middle  of  April,  1831,  by  the  Rev.  Orange  Clark  of 
Waterford.  On  Monday,  Mav  2,  a  parish  was  organized,  David  Wilkinson 
and  Hugli  White  being  chosen  wardens.  Eight  vestrymen  were  elected,  and 
the  name  of  the  parish  was  called  St.  John's  Church. 

The  first  Church  building  was  erected  on  the  south  side  of  Oneida 
Street,  between  Remsen  and  Mohawk  Streets.  April  4,  1864,  the  Rev. 
J.  H.  H.  Brown  being  rector,  a  committee  was  appointed  to  consider  the 
plan  of  erecting  a  new  Church.  Kxcept  jirocuring  a  design  and  raising 
funds,  nothing  was  done  in  this  matter  until  September,  1S69,  when  the 
lots  at  the  junction  of  Moliawk  and  Canvass  Streets  were  purchased  from 
tlie  Cohoes  Company.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  on  June  Q,  1870.  Tiie 
new  Churcli  was  ojx'ned  for  Divine  service  June  18,  1871.     Tiie  Church  and 


A'/A'G'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 37 

lot  were  estimated  to  be  worth  $50,000,  and  the  Rectory  and  lot  $12,500. 
The  Rev.  J.  H.  H.  Brown  was  consecrated  bishop  of  Fond  du  Lac,  Dec. 
15,  1875,  and  the  consecration  service  was  held  in  this  Church. 

The  architect  of  the  present  group  of  buildings  is  Mr.  R.  M.  Upjohn, 
and  he  has  done  most  excellent  work  at  comparatively  small  expense.  The 
Church,  Chapel,  and  Rectory  are  built  of  Schenectady  blue-stone,  with  brick 
trimmings.  The  grounds  about  the  triangular  enclosed  space  are  adorned 
with  thorn  hedges,  trees,  lawns,  and  flower-beds.  The  Rectory  is  covered  on 
two  sides  with  wisteria-vines,  and  on  a  third  by  grape-vines.  It  is  a  four- 
story  house,  including  a  basement-kitchen,  and  is  heated  by  steam,  and  has 
all  modern  conveniences  throughout.  The  Church  is  without  a  tower,  and 
is  unfinished  within  ;  the  walls  and  woodwork  await  decoration  ;  the  stained- 
glass  windows  are  very  handsome,  and  are  all  memorials:  the  chancel  is 
well  and  handsomely  furnished ;  the  chorus  choirs  on  the  decani  and 
cantoris  sides  are  supported  by  a  large  organ  on  the  north  side  of  the 
chancel;  the  reredos  of  five  oak  tablets,  with  panels  of  slate  for  the  four 
evangelists  and  a  dosel  hanging  for  the  centre,  is  a  very  handsome  and 
effective  feature  of  the  east  end. 

The  present  rector  of  the'  parish  is  the  Rev.  Frederick  S.  Sill,  M.A. 
There  are  various  organizations  for  work  under  his  direction,  such  as  St. 
Agnes'  Guild,  the  Mothers'  Meeting,  the  Try  Society,  the  Church  Work 
Society,  and  the  Young  Men's  Association. 

ST.  JAMES'  CHURCH,  Philadelphia.  —  From  1810  to  1870,  a  period 
of  sixty  years,  this  parish  occupied  a  building  on  Seventh  Street  just  above 
Market ;  but  in  course  of  time  the  encroachments  of  business  made  it 
desirable  to  seek  another  neighborhood,  and  finally  the  present  handsome 
structure  was  erected  at  Twenty-second  and  Walnut  Streets.  Old  St. 
James'  Church  was  originally  one  of  the  three  united  parislies,  —  Christ 
Church,  St.  Peter's,  and  St.  James',  of  which  Bishop  White  was  the  rector. 
In  1829  St.  James'  became  independent;  and  the  next  year  the  Rev.  Henry 
J.  Morton  was  made  a  deacon,  and  subsequently  rector,  a  position  which  he 
has  held  for  fifty  years.  Dr.  Morton  is  now  known  as  the  rector  emeritus, 
the  rector  being  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  F.  Nichols.  The  parish  is  one  in 
which  there  is  great  activity  and  enthusiasm.  The  seating  capacity  of  the 
Church  is  fully  used  every  Sunday  morning  and  afternoon  at  the  regular 
services.  Then  every  Sunday  there  is  a  celebration  of  the  Lord's  Supper; 
and  during  much  of  the  year  there  is  a  fourth  service  at  night  for  the 
floating  population.  Prayers  are  said  daily  at  nine  and  five  o'clock,  and 
the  Church  is  open  all  day.  The  choir  of  the  parish  is  vested,  and  includes 
eight  men  and  twenty-six  boys,  among  whom  are  some  notably  fine  voices. 
The  building  is  constructed  of  a  greenish-tinted  stone  ;  tlie  i)lan  includes 


1^.8 


A/XoS   If  A  XD  BOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


nave,  aisles,  chancel,  tower,  and  porches ;  the  style  is  Gothic,  and  the  whole 
effect  is  singularly  pleasing  both  inside  and  out:  the  tower  is  not  yet 
finished,  l)ut  all  the  other  parts  of  the  building  are  comjjleted.  Upon 
entering  it  the  eye  is  delighted  with  the  happy  combination  of  rich  colors 
and  brass-work.    When  the  details  are  examined  there  is  no  disappointment, 

for  every  thing  has  been  done  with 
strictest  attention  to  correctness  of 
ecclesiological  requirement.  The  clere- 
story rests  upon  marble  columns  with 
Caen-stone  capitals  ;  the  jwinted  arches 
i|6t\'/  '^k*?^'^     inside  are  of  red  and  srrav  stones  ;  the 

Wy  »t  ^'-^I^      spaces    between    the    arches   are    filled 

with  mosaics  of  the  apostles;  the  font, 
pulpit,  and  altar  are  of  Caen-stone  and 
variesated  marble  :  the  choir-stalls  and 


St.   James'  Church,  Philadelphia. 

other  furniture  are  of  black  walnut.  Some  of  tiie  windows  are  filled  with 
rich  glass.  The  Church  is  connected  with  a  Parish  Building  in  which  a 
day  school  is  kept,  but  the  needs  of  the  parish  already  call  for  larger 
quarters  for  its  numerous  organizations.  The  financial  statement  for  1887 
shows  that  about  twenty-nine  thousand  dollars  had  been  contributed,  of 
which  one-fourth  was  devoted  to  charitable  and  missionary  purposes. 


ST.   GEORGE'S   CHURCH,  New  York.   N.Y.  — The  open  spires    of 
this  Church  are  a  landmark  in    the    eastern  jjart  of    tlie  city.     When    the 


A'ING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


139 


building  was  erected  in  its  present  location,  it  was  considered  far  enough  up 
town  to  be  in  advance  of  the  population;  but  now  the  tide  of  building 
enterprises  sweeps  on  for  miles  beyond  it.  In  Dr.  Berrian's  "  History  of 
Trinity  Parish,"  it  is  noted,  that,  in   1748,  the  vestry  of  Trinity  appointed  a 


St.  George's  Church,  New  York,  N.Y. 

committee  to  consider  the  building  of  a  Chapel  of  ease  (St.  George's),  and 
that  they  thought  Nassau  Street  was  about  the  right  distance  off !  There 
was  a  great  deal  said  then  about  swamp-land  and  other  difificulties.  These 
records  seem  strange  indeed  as  we  look  at  the  New  York  of  to-day.  The 
first  building  was  ninetv-two  feet  long,  not  including  the  cliancel,  and  was 


I40  A'/AG'S   IfAXD/iOOK   OF  KP/SCOrAL    CHURCHES. 

seventy-two  feet  wide,  with  a  tower  and  steeple  one  hundred  and  seventy-five 
feet  high.  The  walls  of  the  Ciiurch  were  of  hewn  stone.  Says  Dr.  Berrian, 
"  The  Chapel  was  situated  in  a  new,  crowded,  and  ill-built  part  of  the 
city,  and  in  its  spaciousness,  solidity,  and  beauty  was  only  one  of  the  evi- 
dences of  the  thoughtful  forecast  of  the  vestry  of  Trinity  Church  in  antici- 
pating and  preparing  for  the  future  growth  and  improvement  of  the  city." 
It  was  opened  for  Divine  service  July  r,  1752, on  which  occasion  there  was  a 
procession  from  City  Hall  to  the  Chapel,  consisting  of  the  rector  and  other 
clergy,  the  Church  wardens,  the  city  officials,  many  gentlemen  of  distinction, 
and  the  children  of  the  charity  school.  The  l)enefactions  of  Trinity  to  St. 
George's  were  very  liberal,  aggregating  in  value  manv  thousands  of  dollars. 
The  after-history  of  the  parish  —  it  became  independent  in  1812  —  is  full  of 
interest,  for  it  includes  the  remarkable  ministry  of  Dr.  Milnor,  and  the  still 
more  remarkable  ministry  of  tlie  elder  Dr.  Tyng.  The  latter  had  the  repu- 
tation of  being  one  of  the  most  clear  and  forcible  extemporaneous  speakers 
in  Ivis  generation,  and  was  a  man  of  great  influence.  The  present  building 
was  erected  during  his  ministry,  and  is  one  memorial  of  a  useful  life.  It  is 
a  large  brown-stone  structure,  with  a  rectangular  nave  and  a  semicircular 
chancel.  There  are  galleries  on  three  sides.  The  organ  and  choir  were 
originally  provided  for  in  tiie  gallery  at  the  entrance  front,  but  of  late  years 
the  chancel  has  been  altered  to  receive  a  vested  choir. 

Passing  by  the  noble  record  of  the  past,  it  is  gratifying  to  know  that  tlie 
parish  has  more  than  renewed  its  youth  in  these  later  years,  under  the  min- 
istry of  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  S.  Rainsford  and  his  efficient  helpers,  clerical 
and  lay.  Dr.  Rainsford  began  his  rectorship  in  1883.  The  great  Church  is 
thronged,  and  its  services  are  numerous.  Its  agencies  for  Christian  work 
are  well  planned,  and  some  of  them  are  almost  unique.  The  recent  comple- 
tion of  the  St.  George's  Memorial  House  furnishes  facilities  for  doing  the 
parish  work  more  effectively,  and  for  introducing  still  other  agencies.  It  is 
simply  wonderful,  the  contrast  between  the  condition  of  St.  George's  to-day 
and  what  it  was  only  six  years  ago.  "  From  a  condition  bordering  on  reli- 
gious apathy,  the  district  over  which  St.  George's  has  spiritual  care  sprang 
into  one  of  zealous  Church  work.  At  the  present  time  the  building  is 
|)acked  with  earnest  worshippers,  and  the  agencies  for  work  can  be  counted 
by  the  score." 

St.  George's  .Memorial  House  was  built  from  plans  of  .Mr.  Leopold 
Eidlitz,  architect,  and  occupies  the  site  of  the  old  chapel.  It  is  eighty-si.\ 
feet  front,  and  one  hundred  and  fifteen  feet  deep.  From  ground-line  to  eaves 
it  is  seventy-two  feet,  and  to  the  top  of  the  tower  one  hundred  and  forty-six 
feet.  It  is  built  of  red  sandstone,  like  the  Church,  and  is  thoroughly  fire- 
proof, with  iron  floors  and  glazed  brick  walls.  In  it  are  accommodations  for 
fifteen  hundred  Sundav-school  children,  and  a  !/reat   number  of  clubs,  socie- 


A'/NG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  I4I 

ties,  and  committees.  Tlieie  are  classes  in  cooking,  dressmaking,  drawing, 
housekeeping,  printing,  wood-carving,  short-hand,  etc.  In  the  third  story  is 
a  large  gymnasium,  with  reading-room  attached.  Above  this  are  the  clergy- 
rooms  and  a  large  room  for  local  gatherings,  and  where  any  of  the  congrega- 
tion can  confer  with  the  clergy.  It  will  be  seen  from  this  description  of  the 
purposes  of  this  building,  what  the  character  of  the  work  of  the  parish  is. 
St.  George's  embraces  a  wide  range  of  social  positions  among  its  members, 
and  has  a  large  surrounding  population  of  persons  of  moderate  means. 
The  region  of  Stuyvesant  Square,  although  beautiful,  has  become  eclipsed 
as  a  residence  quarter  by  other  neighborhoods  farther  beyond.  The  re- 
markable success  of  St.  George's  shows,  that,  with  proper  efforts,  empty 
seats  in  a  Church  can  be  filled.  Dr.  Rains- 
ford's  efforts  have  been  richly  rewarded.  One 
of  the  most  useful  adjuncts  introduced  by  him 
is  the  large  choir  of  men  and  boys,  their  sing- 
ing being  a  marked  feature  of  the  services. 
As  it  has  been  said,  "  the  work  at  St.  George's 
is  an  example  of  what  organization  will  do 
when  inspired  by  life  within.  The  influence 
of  the  parish  in  the  future  must  be  increased 
by  this  .Memorial  House,  erected  in  memory 
of  Charles  Tracy  and  his  wife.  The  new  de- 
velopment of  Christian  work,  in  which  St. 
George's  free  Church  and  its  rector  have  been  St.  George's  Memorial  House, 
largely  leaders,  began  as  a  mission  to  the  rich 

and  educated.  Uniting  these  in  a  nearer  and  deeper  consecration  to  Christ, 
in  the  persons  of  his  poor  and  needy,  it  has  gone  on  its  way,  carrying  a 
message  of  love  and  sympathy  into  nearly  every  department  of  human  suf 
fering  or  necessity.  Under  these  principles  its  Church  organizations  have 
grown  so  rapidly  as  to  justify  the  words  of  the  present  rector,  '  that  a  Church 
lives  and  develops  not  so  much  by  what  it  absorbs,  as  by  what  it  gives  ;  not 
by  service  accepted,  but  by  service  rendered.' " 

ST.  MARY'S  CHURCH,  West  Philadelphia.  —  The  earliest  services  of 
the  Episcopal  Church  in  what  is  now  known  as  the  Twenty-seventh  Ward 
of  Philadelphia,  and  formerly  Hamilton  Village,  were  held  somewhat  later 
than  the  year  1800,  but  probably  never  before  that  date.  They  were  held  in 
the  old  stone  schoolhouse  which,  stood  on  Chestnut  Street,  between  Thirty- 
ninth  and  Fortieth  Streets.  The  two  earliest  friends  of  the  Church  were 
Mr.  Chandler  Price  and  William  Hamilton,  Esq.  The  latter  bequeathed 
four  lots,  upon  condition  that  a  building  be  erected  before  1828.  In  1820 
the  Rev.  William   Richmond  was  employed  to  take  charge  of  the  mission 


142  A'/XG'S  J/ANDBOOK  OF  EriSCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


then  formed.  He  had  also  in  charge  missions  in  otherneighborhoods.  His 
connection  with  St.  Mary's  was  very  brief.  It  was  not  until  1824  that  the 
corner-stone  of  a  building  for  St.  Mary's  was  laid.  Bishop  VVHiite  officiated 
The  building  was  consecrated  by  the  same  bishop  in  1827,  the  venerable 
man  being  then  eighty-one  years  old.     An  enlargement  of  the  building  was 


made  in  1846.  The  neighi)or- 
while  was  but  sparsely  settled  : 
city  began  to  spread,  the  con 
With  the  filling-up  of  the  neigh- 
congregation,  the  need  of  a 
was,  however,  much  to  do  be- 
was  not  until  1871  that  enough 
the  construction  of  the  present 
Stevens  laid  the  corner-stone  on 
service  was  held  in  it  on  Christ- 
this  date  ( ( 888),  has  not  yet  been 
of  the  main  doorwav.  but  will 


hood  of  the  Church  for  a  long 
but,  as  the  boundaries  of  the  great 
ditions  were  greatly  changed, 
borhood  and  the  growth  of  the 
better  building  was  felt.  There 
lore  the  work  could  be  begun.  It 
money  was  pledged  to  warrant 
very  handsome  Church.  Bishop 
the  ist  of  July,  1872;  and  the  first 
mas  Day,  1873.  The  tower,  at 
carried  much  beyond  the  height 
be  completed  at  some  future  time. 
The  length  of 
the  Church  is 
one  h  u  n  d  r  e  d 
and  one  feet  in 
the  nave,  and 
eighty-six  feet 
wide  across 
transepts.  The 
north  aisle  is 
used  as  a  bap- 
t  i  s  t  e  r  y.  The 
font  is  a  memo- 
r  i  al  of  Mr. 
Russel  West.  The  windows  in  the  baptistery  are  memorials  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Weller.  the  Rev.  G.  W.  Natt.  the  Rev.  Dr.  W  Van  Pelt,  and  the  Rev. 
R.  D.  Hall,  former  rectors.  There  are  other  memorial  windows  in  other 
parts  of  the  building.  The  seating  capacity  is  for  eight  hundred  persons. 
The  architect  of  this  structure  was  Prof.  T.  W.  Richards  of  Philadelphia. 
In  addition  to  the  Church,  the  parish  has  a  Sunday-school  building  and  a 
Rectory. 

The  present  rector,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  C.  Yarnall,  has  been  in  charge 
since  April,  1844.  He  was  made  a  Deacon  in  1843,  and  after  serving  Christ 
Church,  Williamsport,  Penn.,  for  a  short  time,  came  to  this  parish,  where  he 
has  been  for  over  fortv-four  vears.  The  parish  rejoices  in  having  had  a 
vested  choir  of  thirty-six  men  and  boys  since  Advent  Sunday.  1884. 


St.  Mary's  Church,  West  Philadelphia. 


AVA'G'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 43 

TRINITY  CHURCH,  Pittsburgh,  Penn.  —  The  first  record  of  any 
kind  relating  to  its  history  is  the  deed  of  gift  of  two  and  a  half  lots  of 
ground,  on  which  the  present  Church  edifice  stands,  and  the  adjoining 
burial-ground  on  the  west  and  south.  The  deed  is  dated  Sept.  24,  1787, 
and  executed  by  "'John  Penn,  jun.,  and  John  Penn  of  the  city  of  Philadel- 
phia, late  proprietors  of  Pennsylvania,  to  the  Hon.  John  Gibson,  John 
Ormsby,  Devereux  Smith,  and  Dr.  Nathaniel  Bedford,  all  of  the  town  of 
Pittsburgh,  in  the  county  of  Westmoreland,  trustees  of  the  congregation 
of  Episcopalian  Protestant  Church,  commonly  called  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land, in  trust  forever,  as  a  site  for  a  house  of  religious  worship,  and  a 
burial-place  for  the  use  of  said  religious  society  and  their  successors,  and 
for  no  other  use,  intent,  or  purpose  whatsoever."  The  opinion  is  very 
general  that  Church  services  had  been  held  here  occasionally  prior  to  this 
date,  although  no  proofs  can  be  furnished  to  confirm  such  an  opinion.  The 
few  Church-members  living  in  Pittsburgh  during  the  latter  part  of  the  last 
century  manifested  in  many  ways  their  love,  loyalty,  and  self-denial  for  their 
dear  spiritual  mother  the  Church.  At  last  it  was  granted  them  to  reap  the 
fruits  of  the  graces  they  exercised  so  heroically  under  so  many  existing 
difficulties.  In  1797,  exactly  ten  years  after  the  grant  of  land  by  the  Penns, 
the  little  band  of  churchmen  invited  the  Rev.  John  Taylor  (familiarly  and 
affectionately  known  as  "  Father  Taylor  ")  to  become  their  minister.  Ser- 
vices were  held  at  first  in  the  Court  House  and  in  public  halls  and  private 
dwellings,  as  necessity  and  convenience  demanded.  On  Sept.  3,  1805,  a 
charter  was  granted  by  the  Supreme  Court,  by  virtue  of  which  the  minister, 
wardens,  and  vestrymen  were  constituted  a  corporation  and  body  politic,  in 
law  and  in  fact,  to  have  continuance  forever,  by  the  name,  style,  and  title 
of  "the  minister,  wardens,  and  vestrymen  of  Trinity  Church  in  Pittsburgh." 
About  this  time  a  triangular  piece  of  land  at  the  intersection  of  Sixth 
Avenue  with  Wood  and  Liberty  Streets,  was  purchased  in  consideration  of 
the  sum  of  four  hundred  dollars.  A  brick  building,  commonly  known  as 
"The  Round  Church,"' was  built  on  this  property.  After  the  resignation 
of  the  first  rector  of  the  parish  in  18 18,  the  vacancy  was  not  filled  until 
1821,  when  the  Rev.  William  Thompson  entered  upon  his  duties  for  a 
period  not  embracing  two  years.  It  was  during  Mr.  Thompson's  rectorship 
that  it  was  determined  to  erect  a  new  Church  where  the  present  edifice  now 
stands.  While  the  parish  was  without  a  rector,  John  Henry  Hopkins  —  a 
young  lawyer,  a  communicant  of  the  Church,  and  one  of  the  vestry  —  volun- 
teered to  act  as  lay  reader,  and  obtained  his  license  from  Bishop  White. 
Abandoning  his  growing  legal  practice  for  the  work  of  the  ministry,  he  was 
admitted  deacon  in  1824,  and  at  once  entered  upon  pastoral  duty  in  Trinity 
Church.  From  the  time  he  began  his  labors,  the  parish  was  infused  with 
new  life,  and  entered  upon  its  career  of  prosperity.     He  drew  the  plan  of 


144  A'/JVCJ'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

the  new  Church  building,  and  the  evidences  of  his  ability  as  an  architect 
and  painter  were  seen  in  every  part  of  the  structure.  On  the  I2th  of  June, 
1825,  a  beautiful  Church,  built  under  his  supervision,  was  consecrated  by 
Bishop  White.  On  July  17,  1S31,  Mr.  Hopkins  surrendered  "the  high  and 
holv  trust "  committed  to  him  for  nearly  eight  years,  in  obedience  to  the 
call  of  duty  which  summoned  him  to  another  sphere,  and  subsequently  to 
the  episcopate.  The  Rev.  George  Upfold,  D.D.,  became  rector  July  27, 
1831  ;  and  for  a  period  of  eighteen  years,  until  his  elevation  to  the  bishopric 
of  Indiana,  ministered  faithfully  in  the  parish.  In  1850  the  Rev.  Theodore 
B.  Lyman,  now  bishop  of  North  Carolina,  became  rector.  His  successor, 
in  1862,  was  the  Rev.  Cornelius  E.  Swope,  who  resigned  in  1867.  The  Rev. 
John  Scarborough  was  the  ne.\t  rector,  from  Oct.  i,  1867,  until  Dec.  8,  1874, 
when  he  tendered  his  resignation,  on  acceptance  of  his  election  to  the  office 
of  bishop  of  the  diocese  of  New  Jersey.  During  his  rectorship,  the  present 
Church  and  Chapel  were  erected.  On  Jan.  19,  1875,  the  Rev.  William  A. 
Hitchcock  accepted  the  rectorship  of  the  parish,  and  resigned  Feb.  8,  1882. 
The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  Samuel  Maxwell,  who  entered  upon  his 
duties  .April  i,  1SS3. 

Trinity  Church  will  always  be  called  the  Mother  Parish  in  Pittsburgh, 
and  her  right  to  the  title  is  undisputed.  The  parishes  existing  to-day 
throughout  the  city  are  her  daughters,  and  feel  a  deep  filial  regard  for  their 
ecclesiastical  mother.  The  remainder  of  this  article  must  be  devoted  to 
a  brief  account  of  the  present  Church  edifice,  consecrated  Jan.  25,  1872,  by 
the  Right  Rev.  John  B.  Kerfoot,  D.D.,  the  first  bishop  of  the  diocese  of 
Pittsburgh.  The  style  of  architecture  is  Gothic.  Trinity  is  the  pride 
of  the  city,  and  not  only  the  Church  ornament  of  the  West,  but  one  of  the 
most  magnificent  Church  edifices  of  the  whole  land.  The  length  of  nave 
and  chancel  is  154  feet:  width,  66  feet;  across  transepts,  88  feet;  the 
chancel,  40  by  32  feet.  There  is  a  chime  of  ten  bells.  The  white  marble 
altar  and  reredos  are  most  chaste  and  beautiful.  The  rich  windows  in 
the  chancel  are  memorials  to  bishops  departed.  The  windows  on  either 
side  of  the  building  are  memorials  to  the  loved  ones  who  have  gone  before, 
some  voung  in  years,  some  in  the  midst  of  promise,  some  feeble  with  age, 
—  all  are  sweetly  expressive  of  the  sentiments  of  Christian  remembrance 
and  affection.  A  passage-way  connects  the  Church  with  a  commodious 
Chapel  for  Sunday-school  and  week-day  services.  A  tower  and  spire  two 
hundred  and  sixteen  feet  from  the  ground  crowns  the  imposing  group  of 
buildings,  —  "poems  in  stone!"  The  praises  of  the  sanctuary  are  led  by 
a  vested  choir  of  forty  voices.  A  parish  building,  for  which  contributions 
have  been  already  made,  is  to  be  erected  for  the  accommodation  of  Church 
societies. 


JCING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES  145 


Trinity  Church,  Pittsburg,  Penn. 


14^       A/xcr.s  nAXJ)i>ooK  or  EriscopAi.  cucrciies. 

GRACE  CHURCH,  Newton,  Mass.  —  Newton  is  a  city  of  twenty  thou- 
sand people,  adjoining  Boston.  It  is  a  place  of  residences  rather  than  of 
business,  and  has  a  wide  reputation  for  the  beauty  of  its  situation  and  the 
intellii^ence  of  its  jjopulation.  The  handsome  residences  and  grounds,  the 
well-kept  streets,  the  shaded  sidewalks,  and  the  numerous  wooded  fields 
and  hills,  give  it  the  appearance  of  a  great  park.  In  few  places  is  so  much 
attention  paid  to  popular  education,  the  schools  and  library  being  sustained 
at  a  large  outlay  of  money.  For  a  long  time  the  population  of  Newton 
constituted  a  distinctively  Puritan  community,  the  dominant  form  of  faith 
being  the  Congregational.  It  was  not  until  1812  that  the  Episcopal  Church 
gained  a  foothold.  In  that  year  old  St.  Mary's,  Newton  Lower  Falls,  was 
organized. 

Grace  Church  Parish,  Newton,  did  not  come  into  existence  until  1855. 
The  first  services  were  held  that  year  in  the  house  of  the  parents  of  the 
present  Bishop  of  Iowa,  Dr.  Perry.  The  officiating  clergyman  was  the  Rev. 
T.  F.  Fales  of  Waltham,  who  continued  in  charge  until  the  Rev.  J.  S.  Copley 
Greene  was  made  the  rector.  The  first  building  erected  was  a  wooden 
chapel,  which  was  used  from  1858  to  1873.  When  it  was  necessary,  on 
account  of  the  growth  of  the  congregation,  to  construct  a  new  building,  the 
old  chapel,  the  rectory,  and  the  grounds  which  had  long  been  held  for  a 
large  church,  were  sold,  and  a  better  location,  on  Eldredge  and  Church 
Streets,  was  bought.  The  plans  for  the  present  structure  were  drawn  by 
the  late  A.  R.  Esty.  The  corner-stone  was  laid  by  the  Rev.  T.  F.  Fales, 
Sept.  4,  1872,  assisted  by  the  then  rector,  the  Rev.  Joseph  S.  Jenckes.  jun. 
The  building  was  first  occupied  for  services  on  St.  Andrew's  Dav.  Nov.  30, 
1873.  It  was  not  consecrated  until  St.  Andrew's  Day.  Nov.  30,  1887.  four- 
teen years  after  it  was  first  occupied,  a  heavy  debt  having  delayed  that 
important  event.  In  1SS4  the  Parish  erected  a  Chapel  and  Parish  House  on 
the  north  side  of  the  Ciuirch,  from  plans  of  Mr.  W.  P.  Wentworth,  archi- 
tect, Boston.  This  addition  was  paid  for  as  soon  as  completed.  Since  the 
consecration  of  the  Church  the  interior  has  been  improved,  and  additions 
have  been  made  to  its  adornments.  The  rectors  of  the  parish  have  been  the 
Rev.  J.  S.  C.  Greene,  the  Rev.  Dr.  P.  H.  Steenstra.  the  Rev.  H.  C.  Mayer,  the 
Rev.  Dr.  J.  S.  Jenckes,  and  since  January,  1875,  the  Rev.  Dr.  G.  W.  Shinn. 
The  three  buildings.  Church,  Chapel,  and  Parish  House,  are  connected.  The 
Church  consists  of  chancel,  nave,  aisles,  transepts,  vestry-room,  organ-room, 
tower,  and  porch.  The  outside  length  is  one  hundred  and  twenty-two  feet, 
the  width  across  the  transepts  is  seventy-two  feet.  The  ceiling  is  open  to 
the  roof,  and  is  divided  into  panels  by  the  open  timbering.  The  clere-story 
is  supported  by  columns  of  polished  Belgium  marble,  with  sandstone 
bases  and  capitals.  The  shafts  sujiporting  the  stone  arch  of  the  chancel 
are  of  Lisbon  marble.     The  columns  in  the  transepts  and  chancel  are  of 


A'liVG'S   HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


147 


dove-colored  Vermont  marble.  The  outer  walls  are  of  Roxbury  cono-lom- 
erate  stones,  laid  in  rubble-work,  with  trimmings  of  sandstone.  The  tower 
is  massive,  and  terminates  in  a  graceful  stone  spire.  The  height  from  the 
ground  to  the  top  of  the  gilt  cross  is  one  hundred  and.  thirty-six  feet.  The 
height  of  the  west  gable  is  fifty-two  feet.     All  the  windows  are  filled  with 


^^^^.t^'.-'^TTWt^-^ 


Grace  Church,  Newton,  Mass. 


rich,  warm  tints  of  stained  glass.  A  number  of  them  are  memorials,  the 
great  west  window  commemorating  Mr.  George  Linder,  one  of  the  first 
wardens,  the  window  in  the  middle  of  the  apse  over  the  altar  being  in 
memory  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Greene,  the  first  rector.  Just  after  the  consecra- 
tion of  the  Church  a  memorial  to  Mr.  H.  H.  Linder  was  placed  in  the 
north  wall.     It  was  through  Mr.  Linder's  legacy  that  the  impulse  was  given 


148  AVA'crS  J/ A. YD /wo  A'  OF  EriSCOPAL    C//rKC//IiS. 

to  the  movement  which  culminated  in  tlie  consecration  of  tlie  Cluircli.  The 
wood-work  of  tlie  interior  —  the  pews,  wainscoting,  etc.  —  is  of  heavy  black 
walnut.  The  altar  and  font  are  of  Nova-Scotia  stone,  the  latter  having 
columns  of  marble  for  the  support  of  the  bowl.  A  brass  eagle  lectern  of 
beautiful  pattern  and  fine  finish  commemorates  the  Hon.  William  S.  Gardner, 
a  former  warden.  The  seating  capacity  of  the  building  is  about  seven 
hundred,  but  owing  to  the  broad  spaces  in  the  passage-ways,  etc.,  a  hundred 
or  so  more  can  be  accommodated  on  occasions.  The  Chapel  is  as  interest- 
ing as  the  Church.  It  is  a  proper  chapel,  fitted  up  with  Caen-stone  altar  and 
reredos,  brass  chancel  railing  and  lectern,  stained-glass  windows,  and  all 
the  needed  appliances  for  reverent  worship.  It  has  been  purposely  finished 
with  light  cypress  wood  and  oak  seats,  to  contrast  with  the  darker  finish  of 
the  Church.  It  is  in  frequent  use  for  celebrations  of  the  eucharist,  for 
Lenten  and  other  services,  and  for  the  opening  and  closing  services  of  the 
Sunday  school.  The  Parish  House  north  of  the  Chapel  consists  of  a  two- 
story  building,  having  on  the  first  floor  two  parlors  and  a  reading-room,  on 
the  second  floor  a  refectory,  two  dressing-rooms,  and  a  kitchen,  beside 
closets,  and  other  conveniences.  It  is  used  for  Sunday-school  purposes, 
and  for  the  various  chapters  of  the  Parish  Guild.  The  Guild  now  numbers 
thirteen  chapters,  of  which  four  are  for  aiding  missionary  work,  one  is  a 
branch  of  the  Girls'  Friendly,  and  the  others  are  for  general  and  special 
Church  work.     A  chime  of  bells  calls  to  prayer. 

The  prosperity  of  Grace  Church  has  been  unusual,  not  only  in  the 
acquisition  of  such  beautiful  buildings,  but  in  the  numerous  enterprises  in 
which  it  has  engaged. 

ST.  MARK'S  CHURCH,  San  Antonio,  Tex.,  was  chosen  and  desig- 
nated by  Dr.  Elliott,  the  first  bishop  of  Western  Texas,  as  his  cathedral. 
The  rector,  wardens,  and  vestry  assented,  and  the  congregation,  by  a  unani- 
mous vote,  ratified  the  arrangement.  It  was  thus  used  as  a  cathedral  during 
the  life  of  Bishop  Elliott,  but  with  the  coming  of  the  present  bishop  the 
former  agreement  has,  by  mutual  consent,  been  rescinded,  and  St.  Mark's 
has  resumed  its  original  position  as  a  Parish  Church  only.  The  first  organi- 
zation was  effected  by  the  Rev.  J.  F.  Fish,  chaplain  U.S.A.,  July,  1S50, 
under  the  title  of  Trinity  Church.  He  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  Charles  F. 
Rottenstein,  1853-54,  with  whom  was  associated,  as  a  missionary  among  the 
Germans,  his  father,  the  Rev.  George  H.  Rottenstein.  A  Church  building 
was  begun,  and  considerable  progress  made  towards  its  completion,  when 
a  vacancy  in  the  rectorship,  and  mismanagement  in  some  way,  resulted  in  an 
entire  loss  of  the  property,  and  the  extinction  of  the  parochial  organization. 
A  new  parish  was  organized  on  Easter  Monday,  1S5S,  under  the  title  of 
St.  Mark's  Church,  by  the  Rev.  Lucius  H.  Jones.     The  corner-stone  of  the 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 49 

present  building  was  laid  December,  1859,  and  the  work  had  progressed 
until  the  walls  were  about  half-way  up,  when  the  war  put  a  stop  to  it. 
Mr.  Jones's  successors  in  the  rectorship,  or  in  temporary  charge,  were,  in 
the  order  named,  the  Rev.  H.  G.  Batterson,  Rev.  W.  T.  Dickinson  Dalzell, 
Rev.  R.  H.  Murphy,  Rev.  Joseph  J.  Nicholson,  Rt.  Rev.  Alexander  Gregg, 
Rev.  E.  A.  Wagner,  the  Rev.  Melville  D.  Keith,  and  the  present  incum- 
bent, the  Rev.  W.  R.  Richardson,  who  assumed  the  rectorship  of  the  parish 
June  I,  A.D.  1868.  The  congregation  was  then  worshipping  in  a  rented 
schoolroom,  on  rough  school  benches,  with  unplastered  walls,  the  upper 
floor  not  even  laid,  and  with  a  canvas  screen  for  vestry-room.  The  first 
step  taken  in  advance  was  to  purchase  the  building  on  very  favorable  terms, 
under  a  builder's  lien,  and  to  finish  and  furnish  it  neatly,  using  the  upper 


St.   Mark's  Church,  San  Antonio,  Tex. 

portion  as  a  chapel,  and  renting  the  lower  portion  for  school  purposes. 
Meantime  the  unfinished  walls  of  the  Church,  begun  so  long  ago,  had  stood 
imtil  they  had  grown  quite  gray  under  the  influences  of  the  climate,  and 
were  not  unfrequently  mistaken  by  the  tourist  and  stranger  for  the  ruins  of 
some  one  of  the  old  Spanish  missions  that  dot  the  beautiful  valley  of  the 
San  Antonio.  The  narrow  walls  of  the  chapel  soon  began  to  cramp  the 
growing  congregation;  and  in  July,  1873,  work  was  resumed  on  the  Church, 
and  the  opening  services  were  held  on  Easter  Day,  1875.  ^^  ^^'^  "°^  until 
six  years  afterwards  that  the  Church,  having  been  entirely  finished  and 
suitably  furnished,  and  a  debt  of  eight  thousand  dollars  fully  paid,  was  con- 
secrated on  St.  Mark's  Day,  April  25,  1881.  The  congregation  having  thus 
taken  possession  of  their  larger  quarters,  the  vestry  deeded  back  to  the 
bishop,  for  one-third  what  it  had  originally  cost  them,  the  school  building, 
St.  Mary's  Hall,  for  its  original  purpose  as  a  Diocesan  Church  school  for 
girls.     It  may  be  well  to  add  here  that  this  building  had  been  mainly  built 


150  K/XG'S   IIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHL'RCHES. 

with  funds  contributed  by  the  late  Mr.  Wolfe,  whose  princely  gifts  for  the 
cause  of  Christian  education,  together  with  those  of  his  worthy  daughter, 
the  late  Miss  Catherine  Wolfe,  are  so  well  known. 

Tiie  Church  stands  on  historic,  and,  in  a  sense,  almost  consecrated 
ground,  it  having  once  belonged  to  the  Mission  of  San  Antonio  de  Valero, 
now  known  as  the  "  Alamo,"  and  having  been  granted  by  the  Spanish  Crown, 
upon  the  secularization  of  the  Church  property,  to  two  of  the  converted 
Indians,  who  had  been  dependents  of  the  said  mission.  The  deed  or  patent 
is  dated  Oct.  28,  1793.  The  Church  is  built  of  a  cream-colored  limestone, 
after  ])lans  by  the  elder  Upjohn,  and  in  general  style  is  Gothic,  modified  to 
meet  the  needs  of  a  semi-tropical  climate.  The  windows  are  very  low  and 
broad,  with  mullions  and  floriated  heads.  An  entirely  original  and  unique 
arrangement  is  found  in  the  louvre  openings  under  the  window  proper,  and 
extending  to  the  floor.  The  architectural  effect  outwardly  is  that  of  a 
deeply  recessed  panelling  under  the  windows,  while  the  practical  benefit 
within  is  a  direct  and  perfect  ventilation,  giving  full  play  to  the  summer 
breezes,  so  necessary  to  comfort  in*this  climate.  The  grounds  have  been 
laid  off  and  beautified,  so  that  now  the  Church  is  fairly  embowered  in  trees 
and  shrubbery,  grapes  and  pomegranates,  and  the  buttresses  draped  with 
bignonia,  honeysuckle,  and  ivy,  so  that  it  is  no  wonder  if,  under  the  influ- 
ence of  the  perfume  and  the  droning  of  the  humming-bird  and  bee,  the  more 
staid  members  of  the  Church,  having  full  confidence  in  the  orthodoxy  of 
their  rector,  sometimes  fall  asleep.  The  dimensions  of  the  Church  are, 
length,  100  feet;  breadth,  56  feet;  seating  capacity,  600.  The  roof  is  open- 
timbered,  and  done  in  polychrome. 

St.  Mark's  is  peculiarly  rich  in  memorials  and  thank-offerings ;  the 
windows,  the  font,  the  altar,  with  its  vases  and  desk  and  festal  hangings,  — 
memorials  that  tell  of  a  "  sorrow  not  without  hope,"'  and  of  '•  a  hope  that  is  full 
of  immortality,"  and  whisper  of  the  ''communion  of  saints."  One  v/indow, 
especially,  is  a  memorial  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Jones,  the  first  rector  and  founder, 
and  was  given  by  the  late  Alonzo  P.  Jones  of  Boston,  and  other  members 
of  the  family.  It  was  made  in  Boston,  where  it  was  on  exhibition  several 
weeks,  and  is  of  the  highest  artistic  merit  and  beautv.  Most  of  the  other 
windows  are  thank-offerings  for  great  and  wonderful  mercies  and  deliver- 
ances. Thus  each  has  its  story,  and  each  and  all  have  been  planned  and 
designed  with  reference  to  the  circumstances  under  and  because  of  which 
they  were  given.  An  exceedingly  interesting  historical  relic  is  found  in 
the  bell,  which  hangs  in  the  small  bell-gable  over  the  vestry-room  door. 
This  was  cast  from  a  cannon  of  nearly  pure  copper,  found  buried  near  the 
outer  wall  of  the  historic  "Alamo,"  '"the  Tiiermopyl^  of  Texas."'  The 
present  number  of  communicants  is  350;  the  value  of  Cliurch  property, 
$50,000.     This  includes,  besides  the   Churcii  building  itself,  a  beautiful  and 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  151 

commodious  parish  building,  now  nearly  completed,  for  rectory,  Sunday- 
school,  and  other  Church  purposes,  to  cost  about  |;  15,000.  During  the 
rectorship  of  Mr.  Richardson  two  mission  stations,  organized  under  the 
auspices  of  St.  Mark's,  have  become  independent  parishes,  and  still  a 
fourth  parish  has  been  organized  in  the  city,  all,  of  course,  drawing  some- 
what from  the  membership  of  the  mother  parish,  and  also  sharing  in  the 
natural  growth  of  the  city.  As  illustrative  of  the  fluctuating  character  of 
the  population  in  the  past,  the  loss  m  communicants  by  removal  only  has 
been  555,  and  by  death  during  the  twenty  years  only  45;  total  loss  of 
600.  The  city  during  the  same  period  has  grown  from  9,000  to  45,000 
inhabitants. 

TRINITY  CHURCH,  Chicago,  111.  —  In  the  winter  of  1841-42  the 
parish  was  organized.  Nineteen  persons  signed  the  following :  "  We,  whose 
names  are  hereunto  affixed,  deeply  impressed  with  the  truth  of  the  Christian 
religion,  and  sincerely  desirous  to  promote  its  holy  influences  in  the  hearts 
and  lives  of  ourselves  and  families,  neighbors  and  friends,  do  hereby  asso- 
ciate and  wish  to  be  organized  together  under  the  name,  style,  and  title  of 
The  Parish  of  Trinity  Church,  in  the  city  of  Chicago,  in  communion  with 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  Diocese  of  Illinois  and  of  the 
United  States,  whose  mode  of  worship,  constitution,  and  canons  we  hereby 
adopt  and  promise  to  obey."  At  a  later  meeting  the  organization  was  per- 
fected by  suitable  resolutions,  the  election  of  vestry  and  wardens,  who  were 
also  made  trustees,  and  the  adoption  of  the  following:  ''Resolved,  That  the 
parish  now  organized  be  known  under  the  name  and  style  of  Trinity  Church." 
The  parish  consisted  of  about  twenty-five  families.  From  this  time  until 
August,  1843,  Rev.  Isaac  Hallam  seems  to  have  officiated  as  minister,  when 
Rev.  W.  F.  Walker  accepted  the  rectorship  of  Trinity  Church  in  conjunc- 
tion with  that  of  St.  James;  and  March  7,  1844,  he  became  exclusively  the 
rector  of  Trinity  Church.  The  following  clergymen  have  been  rectors  of 
the  parish :  the  Rev.  William  Barlow,  the  Rev.  Cornelius  E.  Swope,  the 
Rev.  Henry  J.  Whitehouse,  D.D.,  the  Rev.  William  A.  Smallwood,  the  Rev. 
Noah  Hunt  Schenck,  the  Rev.  James  Pratt,  the  Rev.  George  David  Cum- 
mings,  the  Rev.  R.  J.  Keeling,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Edward  Sullivan,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
R.  A.  Holland.  In  October,  1883,  the  Rev.  Louis  Shreve  Osborne  of  Grace 
Church,  Sandusky,  O.,  was  elected,  being  the  twelfth  in  succession,  and 
accepting  entered  upon  his  duties,  Epiphany,  Jan.  6,  1884.  He  is  still  in 
charge. 

On  June  5,  1844,  the  corner-stone  of  the  first  Church  edifice  was  laid  by 
the  Right  Rev.  Philander  Chase,  D.D.,  bishop  of  the  diocese,  the  location 
being  on  the  north  side  of  Madison  Street,  about  eighty  feet  west  of  Clark 
Street.     The  building  was   a    neat   frame,  and  was   first   occupied   on    the 


1=52 


A'/ AG'S  11 A  A' D  BOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CffURCHES. 


twelfth  Sunday  after  Trinity,  Aug.  25,  1844.  A  new  site  was  obtained  in 
June,  i860,  on  the  south  side  of  Jackson  Street,  between  Wabash  and  Mich- 
igan Avenues,  and  a  stone  edifice,  with  two  towers,  erected  there.  It  was 
first  occupied  for  the  annual  jjarish  meeting  on  Kaster  Monday,  April  i,  1861. 
The  Jackson-street  Cluircii  was  destroyed  Monday,  Oct.  10,  1871,  at  about 
ten  o'clock  a.m.,  by  "the  great  fire  of  October,  1871."  This  conflagration 
swept  away  nearly  all  the  buildings  in  the  business  portion  of  the  city,  lying 
north  of  Harrison  Street,  and  all  the  buildings  on   the    north  side  of   the 


Trinity  Church,  Chicago,  111. 


Chicago  River  as  far  as  Lincoln  Park,  and  even  beyond,  and  covering  about 
twenty-six  hundred  acres. 

The  parish  soon  rallied  from  this  blow.  The  old  site,  where  the  armory 
of  the  First  Regiment  Infantry,  Illinois  National  Guard,  now  stands,  was  sold, 
a  new  one  purchased,  and  on  July  16,  1873,  its  corner-stone  was  laid  by  the 
Right  Rev.  Henry  J.  Whitehouse,  D.D.,  Bishop  of  Illinois,  at  the  south-east 
corner  of  Michigan  Avenue  and  Twenty-sixth  Street.  A  new  and  handsome 
stone  Church  was  erected,  and  occupied  for  the  first  service  on  Sunday,  Nov. 
22,  1874.  On  Easter  Day,  1S82,  the  Church  debt  of  about  fifty  thousand 
dollars  was  paid  off.  In  June,  1884,  the  property  on  the  corner  of  Indiana 
Avenue  and  Twenty-sixth  Street,  100  feel  front  on  Indiana  Avenue  and   189 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  I  53 

feet  on  Twenty-sixth  Street,  with  the  buildings  thereon,  and  adjoining  the 
Church  property,  was  purchased  for  forty  thousand  dollars,  and  occupied  by 
the  rector  in  October  of  the  same  year.  In  December,  1884,  the  Working- 
men's  Club  of  Trinity  Church  was  organized,  with  the  rector  as  president, 
and  a  free  reading-room  and  library  opened  on  Dearborn  Street  near  Thirty- 
first  Street.  The  care  of  this  institution  was  assumed  by  the  young  men  of 
the  parish.  About  the  same  time  in  the  winter  of  1884-85,  the  Young  Ladies' 
Missionary  Society  was  organized,  with  Mrs.  L.  S.  Osborne  as  president,  to 
foster  an  interest  in  the  domestic  and  foreign  missionary  work  of  the  Church. 
The  old  society,  known  as  the  Hospital  and  Aid  Society,  was  re-organized 
on  a  new  basis,  to  care  for  the  needs  of  the  poor  of  the  parish,  and  to 
undertake  the  support  of  a  bed  and  the  endowment  of  a  room  in  St.  Luke's 
Hospital.  A  branch  of  the  Woman's  Auxiliary  to  the  Board  of  Missions 
was  organized  in  November,  1S85,  with  Mrs.  C.  L.  Raymond  as  president. 
A  permanent  home  for  these  numerous  societies  being  a  necessity,  in  the 
summer  of  1885,  an  unoccupied  building  upon  the  Church  property,  fronting 
on  Twenty-sixth  Street,  between  the  Chapel  and  the  Rectory,  was  remod- 
elled and  furnished  at  an  expense  of  over  a  thousand  dollars.  Thus  three 
desirable  rooms  were  provided,  the  lov/er  for  the  primary  department  of  the 
Sunday  school,  the  two  upper  for  the  Bible-classes  on  Sunday,  and  for  the 
various  guilds  and  societies  during  the  week.  This  building  was  named 
"Trinity  House."  In  June,  i886,  Trinity  Chapter  No.  24,  Brotherhood  of 
St.  Andrew,  was  established  in  the  parish  for  the  promotion  of  spiritual  life 
among  its  members,  and  for  the  ingathering  of  young  men  into  the  Church. 
Henry  Barrett  Chamberlin  was  chosen  director,  and  Frank  M.  S.  Read 
secretary.  In  July  and  August,  1886,  the  Church,  Chapel,  Rectory,  and 
Trinity  House  were  subjected  to  an  entire  renovation  within  and  without, 
■during  which  months  the  Church  was  necessarily  closed.  On  the  first 
Sunday  in  September  it  was  re-opened  for  Divine  service. 

ST.  JAMES'  CHURCH,  Chicago,  111.  —  The  first  service  in  what 
subsequently  became  the  Parish  of  St.  James  was  held  by  the  Rev.  Palmer 
Dyer,  Oct.  12,  1834,  in  the  Presbyterian  house  of  worship.  The  following 
Sunday,  the  Rev.  Isaac  W.  Hallam,  a  missionary  of  the  Domestic  Board,  held 
a  service  in  the  Baptist  house  of  worship.  On  the  26th  of  October,  a  parish 
was  organized  in  an  unfinished  frame  building  on  Nortli  Water  Street.  After 
worshipping  there  for  some  time,  an  auction  store  on  the  South  Side  was 
secured.  Says  Mr.  Hallam,  "  The  walls  were  covered  with  plats  of  towns 
that  were  to  be;  and  we  used  to  go  early  in  the  morning,  and  turn  them  to 
the  wall,  so  that  the  attention  of  the  people  might  not  be  directed  to  worldly 
business.  There  were  very  few  chairs ;  and  most  of  the  congregation  used 
to  sit  on  barrels,  boxes,  and  baskets,  while  I  preached  from  the  auctioneer's 


154  A'/XG\S   IlAXDnOOK   OF  EriSCOPAL    C/ILKCIIES. 

desk,  wliere  during  the  week  town-lots  were  sold  for  five  dollars  apiece. 
Indians  often  came  in  during  the  services,  and  others  looked  in,  but  more 
passed  the  door."  The  first  Church  edifice  was  begun  in  1835.  The  base- 
ment was  used  for  a  while  until  the  upper  part  was  made  ready.  The  first 
bell  brought  to  Chicago  was  rung  for  the  Christmas  service  of  1836.  The 
building  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Chase,  June  25,  1837.  One  feature  of 
the  old  Church  was  a  large  mahogany  pulpit,  with  screens  on  each  side, 
before  which  stood  the  reading-desk,  and  still  in  front  of  the  desk  was  the 
Holy  Table.  When  Dr,  Hallam  resigned,  in  1S43,  there  were  eighty-nine 
communicants.  Dr.  Hallam  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  W.  V.  Walker, 
and  tiien  by  the  Rev.  S.  B.  Kellogg.  The  Rev.  Robert  H.  Clarkson.  after- 
wards bishop  of  Nebraska,  became  rector  while  in  deacon's  orders  in  1849, 
and  under  his  vigorous  administration  the  parish  flourished  abundantly,  and 
grew  rapidlv  in  numbers  and  in  influence.  When  he  came  to  Chicago  the 
city  numbered  only  twenty-three  thousand  people ;  but  he  entered  upon  his 
work  in  the  parish  just  as  the  wonderful  tide  of  enterprise  and  business-life 
was  setting  towards  this  metropolis  of  the  West.  It  soon  became  necessary 
to  enlarge  the  Church,  and  so  some  seven  thousand  dollars  were  spent  for 
this  purpose.  Later  on  galleries  were  put  in,  and  still  the  old  building  was 
too  small. 

In  1856  a  lot  was  bought  at  the  corner  of  Cass  and  Huron  Streets,  and 
the  corner-stone  was  laid  June  21,  1856,  of  the  building  which  was  afterwards 
swept  away  by  the  dreadful  fire  of  Oct.  9,  1871.  This  second  edifice  was  a 
large  and  handsome  stone  Church,  72  by  148  feet,  and  presented  much  the 
same  appearance  that  the  present  Church  does,  except  that  it  was  without 
transepts,  vestibule,  or  tower.  The  first  service  was  held  in  it  Dec.  27,  1857. 
There  was  a  heavy  debt  upon  it,  which  for  some  time  was  so  burdensome 
as  to  threaten  the  continuance  of  the  parish ;  but,  after  most  vigorous 
efforts,  the  debt  was  all  paid,  and  the  building  was  consecrated  .May  19,  1S64. 
During  Dr.  Clarkson"s  ministry  a  Rectory  was  Iniilt  on  Cass  Street.  It  was 
afterwards  removed  to  the  rear  of  the  Church.  The  fire  of  1871  swept  that 
away  also.  A  hospital  was  another  of  Dr.  Clarkson's  good  works.  It  was 
maintained  from  1854  to  1858,  when  St.  Luke's  Hospital  superseded  it. 
Dr.  Clarkson's  rectorship,  extending  over  a  period  of  seventeen  years,  was 
a  prosperous  one,  and  was  marked  by  great  interest  in  the  mission-work  of 
the  Church  at  large.  The  number  of  communicants  grew  from  116  to  324. 
The  result  of  his  labors  was  shown  in  a  noble  Church,  surpassing  then  all 
others  in  the  city  in  its  beauty,  in  a  large  congregation  gathered  from  all 
conditions  of  men,  and  in  many  charities  set  on  foot  and  made  useful  to  the 
bodies  and  souls  of  others.  After  Dr.  Clarkson's  elevation  to  the  episco- 
pate, the  rectorshij)  was  filled  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  J.  H.  Rylance,  under  whom 
large  sums  of  money  were  spent  in  imiiroving  the  property:  $100,000  were 


AVA'G'S  HANDBOOJs:   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 55 


St.  James'  Church,  Chicago,   111. 


156  AVA'G'S  HA XD BOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIIUPCHES. 

thus  spent,  making  the  cost  altogether  al:)Out  $200,000.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Hugh 
Miller  Thompson  became  rector  in  the  summer  of  1871,  and  had  hardly 
begun  his  work  when  the  awful  conflagration  of  October  swept  Church  and 
Rectory  away.  The  members  of  the  congregation,  houseless  and  homeless, 
were  scattered  far  and  wide.  Services,  however,  were  held  the  following 
Sunday  morning,  in  the  open  air,  under  the  blackened  and  crumbling  walls 
of  the  late  grand  edifice,  and  the  rector  made  an  address.  With  courageous 
spirit,  the  little  band  of  about  fifty  persons  there  assembled  resolved  that 
St.  James'  Church,  around  which  so  many  holy  associations  clustered, 
should,  in  the  providence  of  God,  arise  again  from  its  ashes.  Dr.  Thomp- 
son, after  encouraging  the  greatly  afHicted  parish,  and  securing  considerable 
pecuniary  aid  for  rebuilding  the  Church,  resigned;  and  the  Rev.  Arthur 
Brooks  took  up  the  work  April  28,  1872.  A  temporary  place  of  worship 
was  made  by  fitting  up  part  of  the  front  of  the  ruins.  About  250  of  the 
members  attended  the  first  service  in  this  place,  some  of  them  coming  from 
distances  as  great  as  twenty  miles.  Morning  services  were  held  in  this 
temporary  chapel  until  Nov.  2,  1873,  when  the  basement  was  ready  for 
occupation.  The  movement  for  re-erecting  the  upper  part  was  in  progress; 
but  an  old  debt  of  $40,000  remained  yet  unpaid,  and  the  financial  crisis  of 
1873  checked  all  operations. 

It  was  not  until  1875  that  the  Church  was  finished.  When  we  consider 
the  struggles  of  the  people  to  rebuild  their  own  homes  and  to  recover  from 
the  effects  of  the  great  fire,  we  can  measure  in  some  degree  their  self-denial 
and  generosity  for  the  cause  of  Christ.  The  parish  rapidly  recuperated 
under  the  ministry  of  Mr.  Brooks,  so  that  when  he  resigned,  in  1875,  the 
number  of  actual  communicants  on  the  register  was  325,  nearly  as  large  as 
in  the  former  days  of  prosperity.  Various  parochial  agencies  were  actively 
at  work  during  the  time  of  rebuilding;  and  the  gifts  to  charitable  and  mis- 
sionary work  were  large,  considering  how  earnestly  the  people  labored  to 
re-erect  their  destroyed  place  of  worship.  The  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  S.  Harris, 
later  on  the  bishop  of  Michigan,  became  rector  Oct.  i,  1S75,  and  on  the 
9th  of  that  month  a  memorial  thanksgiving  service  was  held  in  the  nave  of 
the  building,  the  first  since  the  October  of  1871.  Once  more  the  people 
assembled  within  the  walls  of  their  noble  Church,  now  larger  and  more 
commodious  than  the  former,  and  more  beautifullv  adorned.  The  cost  of 
the  restoration  was  about  $100,000:  but  it  represented  much  self-denial  and 
devotion.  On  Christmas  Day,  1876,  the  tuneful  chimes,  given  in  memory  of 
Mr.  James  Carter,  were  rung  for  the  first  time.  Dr.  Harris  continued  in 
tiie  rectorshi])  until  Aug.  11,  1879,  when  the  Rev.  Dr.  Frederick  Courtney 
succeeded  him.  The  ministry  of  the  latter  was  signalized  by  the  removal 
of  the  debt:  $35,000  was  i)laced  on  the  altar  on  Easter  morning;,  1S84:  and 
on  May  31  the  l)uilding  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  .McLaren.     Dr.  Courtney 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  I  5/ 

remained  two  years,  when  the  present  rector,  the  Rev.  Dr.  William  H. 
Vibbert,  entered  upon  the  work.  The  parish  is  now  in  the  full  tide  of 
prosperity.  The  semi-centennial  anniversary  of  its  organization  was  cele- 
brated Oct.  26,  1884,  on  which  occasion  Dr.  Vibbert  delivered  a  historical 
discourse,  recounting  in  detail  the  story  of  the  trials  and  triumphs  of  the 
parish.  It  looms  up  to-day  as  a  centre  of  noble  Christian  work  and  of 
consecrated  energy. 

CHURCH    OF    THE   ASCENSION,    Washington,    D.C.  —  "  In    the 

autumn  of  1843,"  said  the  first  rector  of  the  Parish  of  the  Ascension  in  his 
farewell  sermon,  "  the  idea  of  establishing  a  fifth  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church  as  equidistant  as  practicable  between  St.  John's  and  Trinity 
Churches  suggested  itself  to  the  mind  of  a  gentleman,  a  communicant  of 
the  Church,  living  within  the  bounds  just  mentioned.  The  subject  was 
brought  by  him  to  the  attention  of  the  neighboring  clergy,  the  Rev.  Drs. 
Hawley,  Stringfellow,  and  French,  who  not  only  encouraged  the  enterprise, 
but  by  their  urgent  request  prevailed  upon  the  Rev.  Lewis  J.  Gilliss  to  enter 
upon  the  '  heroic  work  '  of  founding  a  new  parish."     He  began  on  March  4, 

1844,  in  a  small  house  on  H  Street,  N.W.,  with  afternoon  services,  and 
with  but  three  families.  The  first  meeting  for  organization  was  held  May  7. 
By  vote  of  the  vestry,  Mr.  Gilliss  became  rector  (1844- 1854).  It  was 
determined  to  build  a  Church  as  soon  as  possible  on  a  lot  on  H  Street, 
between  Ninth  and  Tenth,  given  by  William  Van  Ness;  and  in  December, 

1845,  the  building,  though  not  completed,  "admitted  of  Divine  worship," 
and  was  entered  by  the  congregation.  The  Rev.  Henry  Stanley  became 
the  next  rector  (1854-1857),  and  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  William 
Pinkney,  D.D.  (1857-1869).  Under  his  able,  energetic,  and  loving  ministry, 
the  parish  grew  rapidly  in  numbers  and  all  the  elements  of  strength.  The 
Church  building  was  improved  by  the  addition  of  a  chancel  and  changes  in 
the  interior,  and  the  number  of  communicants  increased  to  three  hundred. 
In  1869  Dr.  Pinkney  was  elected  as.sistant  bishop  of  Maryland,  and  the 
parish,  which  he  at  once  resigned,  was  for  about  two  years  under  the  rector- 
ship of  the  learned  and  godW  Rev.  Orlando  Hutton,  D.D.  (1869-1872).  In 
the  autumn  of  1872,  Bishop  Pinkney  (1872-1883)  was  recalled  to  the  rector- 
ship, and  accepted  it  on  condition  that  he  should  have  an  associate  :  and  in 
January,  1873,  the  Rev.  John  H.  Elliott,  S.T.D.,  entered  on  the  duties  of 
associate  rector. 

For  several  years  the  feeling  had  grown,  that  the  Parish  Church  was  out  of 
harmony  with  modern  Washington,  and  was  "lying  waste,"  while  many 
of  the  worshippers  lived  "in  ceiled  houses."  On  Easter  Day,  1873,  the 
offerings  amounted  to  fifty  thousand  dollars.  Other  offerings  followed. 
A  beautiful  site  was  purchased  at  the  corner  of  Massachusetts  Avenue  and 


15S  A'/AG'S   IIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

Twelfth  Street,  N'.W. ;  and  on  tlie  second  Sunday  in  Advent,  1875,  j^ist 
twenty  months  after  the  first  spadeful  of  earth  had  been  lifted,  the  congre- 
gation entered  the  completed  Church.  On  Easter  Day,  1885,  the  indebted- 
ness still  remaining  after  several  reductions  was  all  provided  for.  The  total 
cost  in  principal  and  interest,  of  lot,  church,  and  furniture,  was  $205,000. 
Of  this  amount  512,000  came  from  the  sale  of  the  oid  lot,  and  Mr. 
W.  W.  Corcoran  gave  nearly  $100,000.  The  gift  of  the  remainder  by  a 
congregation  not  wealthy  cost  them  great  sacrifice. 

The  dimensions  of  the  Church  are  86  feet  4  inches  front  on  Massachu- 
setts Avenue,  with  a  depth  on  Twelfth  Street  of  135  feet  6  inches.  The 
height  to  the  spring  of  the  curbing  is  31  feet,  and  the  entire  height  74  feet. 
The  architecture  is  mixed  Gothic.  The  walls  are  of  Maryland  white  marble 
in  the  rough,  trimmed  with  light  pink  Ohio-stone.  The  tints  of  the  two 
stones  harmonize  with  beautiful  effect.  A  tower  of  the  same  material  as  the 
Church  rises  at  the  south-east  corner  to  the  height  of  90  feet,  which  is  sur- 
mounted by  a  slated  spire  97  feet  in  height,  surmounted  by  a  cross  gilt.  The 
tower  and  the  turret  at  the  south-west  corner  are  octagonal  in  form.  The 
main  entrance  is  a  double  Gothic  doorway  on  the  avenue  front.  The  princi- 
pal arch  is  of  pink  Missalon-stone,  supported  by  three  columns  of  gray 
stone,  finely  carved  and  graced  with  corbels.  Over  the  entrance  is  a  finely 
chiselled  cross,  subscribed  with  the  monogram  I.  H.  S.  Above  is  a  mul- 
lioned  window  with  quatrefoil  and  trefoil  ornaments,  and  glazed  with  stained 
glass.  The  entrance  is  approached  by  a  flight  of  five  granite  steps  from  the 
terrace,  which  is  reached  by  three  steps  from  the  sidewalk.  On  each  side  of 
the  edifice  are  six  twin  muUioned  windows,  and  the  same  number  of  small 
Gothic  windows  in  the  roof.  On  the  Twelfth-street  side  is  a  porch  of 
masonry  for  the  entrance  of  the  clergy,  and  affording  an  entrance  to  the 
basement.  Over  and  back  of  this  portion  is  a  pinnacle  supported  by  col- 
umns, and  containing  a  rose -window.  There  is  a  similar  porch  under  the 
turret  on  the  west  side.  In  the  rear  of  the  edifice  is  a  turret  of  masonry, 
and  a  window  similar  in  some  respects  to  that  over  the  main  entrance,  but 
of  more  elaborate  design.  The  ridge  of  the  slated  roof  is  adorned  with  a 
railing.  Carved  corbels,  graceful  scroll-work,  and  many  beautiful  little 
designs  add  a  pleasing  effect  to  the  whole. 

To  whatever  degree  one  may  be  impressed  with  the  imposing  external 
appearance  of  the  Church,  he  cannot  help  uttering  an  exclamation  of  sur- 
prise and  pleasure  upon  viewing  the  interior.  An  arch  of  pink  and  gray 
stone,  springing  to  the  height  of  forty-eight  feet,  spans  the  chancel ;  and 
within  is  an  arch  of  raised  plaster-work,  finished  in  imitation  of  the  outer  one. 
The  elegantly  pro])ortioned  window  in  the  rear  of  the  building  —  fourteen 
feet  in  width  and  twenty  feet  in  height  —  sheds  a  softened  light,  mingled 
with  a  myriad  of  colors  from  the  stained  glass,  over  the  chancel.     The  rail 


Church  of  the  Ascension,  'Washington,  D.C. 


160  A/A'G'S   IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

and  all  the  furniture  of  the  chancel  are  of  walnut,  carved  in  antique  Gothic. 
Arches  of  stone  spring  up  on  either  side  of  the  chancel  east  and  west  of 
the  space.  At  the  sides  of  the  chancel  are  the  vestry  and  robing-rooms, 
each  eighteen  feet  square.  The  interior  walls  of  the  Church  are  plastered, 
but  the  roof  is  of  open  woodwork,  under  which  are  Gothic  arches  of  Florida 
pine,  supported  by  slight  iron  columns,  ornamented  with  fine  scroll-work. 
The  columns  and  their  adornments  are  painted  a  dark  brown,  but  the  caps 
are  tinged  with  gold.  The  panels  in  the  ceilings  and  the  timbers  of  the  roof 
are  frescoed  with  arabesque  work  on  blue  ground,  bordered  with  gray  and 
brown,  and  the  sides  of  the  edifice  are  frescoed  in  panels.  The  south  end 
or  front  of  the  building  is  filled  with  a  capacious  organ-loft  of  hard  wood, 
and  Gothic  in  style,  in  harmony  with  its  surroundings.  The  auditorium  con- 
tains one  hundred  and  si.\ty-one  pews,  each  nine  feet  in  length,  of  hard 
wood  finished  with  walnut,  and  upholstered  with  crimson  rep.  The  audito- 
rium will  seat  about  one  thousand  persons.  The  gas-jets,  which  are  lighted 
by  electricity,  are  situated  principally  at  the  head  of  the  columns.  The  base- 
ment is  divided  in  four  apartments,  for  the  accommodation  of  the  Sunday 
school,  library,  and  furnaces.  The  architects  were  Dixon  &  Carson  of 
IJaltimore.  The  only  change  in  the  rectorship  since  1873  is,  that  on  the 
death  of  Bishop  Pinkney  in  1883,  his  associate,  the  Rev.  John  H.  Elliott, 
S.T.D.,  became  rector.  The  growth  of  the  parish  is  gratifying.  The 
number  of  communicants  has  grown  from  280  to  760. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CHURCH,  Germantown,  Penn.  —  Germantown  is  one 
of  the  oldest  towns  in  Pennsylvania,  having  been  settled  in  1683,  one  year 
later  than  Philadelphia  itself.  The  original  settlers  were  Germans,  and 
were  mainly  Lutheran  in  religious  belief.  Very  few  services  of  the 
English  Church  were  held  in  the  town  until  families  from  the  city  began 
to  make  this  beautiful  place  their  summer  residence.  A  congregation  of 
Episcopalians  was  gathered  in  181 1,  and  services  were  held  by  different 
clergymen  whose  terms  of  engagement  covered  periods  from  a  few  months 
to  a  few  years.  There  were  five  of  these  clergymen  from  1S12  to  1S25, — 
the  Rev.  Messrs.  Warren,  Ward,  Clay,  Dupuy,  and  Lippitt. 

Properly  speaking,  the  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  John  Rodney,  for  the 
parish  was  not  duly  incorporated  until  he  assumed  charge.  The  Rev.  John 
Rodney  became  the  rector  .Sept.  25,  1825,  and  thus  began  a  pastorate  which 
continued  for  sixty-one  years.  It  is  a  most  remarkable  record,  and  well- 
nigh  without  parallel  in  the  annals  of  the  ministry  in  this  country.  Mr. 
Rodney's  period  of  active  service  ran  from  1825  to  1867,  when  he  was  made 
rector  emeritus.  He  continued  to  hold  this  latter  title,  and  to  render 
occasional  help  until  Sept.  28,  18S6,  when  he  passed  away  to  his  reward. 
The  rectors  of   tiie  parish  have  been  men  of   distinguished  ability:    Rev. 


KING'S  IIAA'DBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  \Q\ 

B.  W.  Morris  from  1867  to  1869,  now  bishop  of  Oregon  ;  Rev.  A.  Wadleio-h 
from  1869  to  1873;  Rev.  Dr.  W.  H.  Vibbert  from  1873  to  1882;  and  the 
Rev.  Dr.  S.  Upjohn,  the  present  rector,  from  1883. 

The  parish  has  had  three  Church  buildings.  The  first  was  erected  in 
1818;  the  second  was  an  enlargement  of  the  first,  and  was  completed 
in  1852.  The  corner-stone  of  the  present  noble  building  was  laid  June  26, 
1S75.  The  consecration  took  place  June  8,  1876.  The  Church  stands  back 
from  the  main  street,  and  is  partly  hidden  by  the  buildings  in  front.  After 
passing  up  a  long  avenue,  the  graceful  Church,  the  convenient  Parish 
Building,  and  the  quiet  cemetery  are  before  you  The  Church  is  one  of  the 
best  of  Mr.  H.  M.  Congdon's  efforts.     It  is  built  of  gray  stone,  with  slated 


St.  Luke's  Church,  Germantown,  Penn. 

roof,  and  has  cost  thus  far  about  $84,000.  The  tower, "twenty  feet  square, 
is  not  vet  completed,  and  the  north  transept  is  to  be  enlarged ;  so  that 
$16,000  will  be  required  to  finish  the  work.  The  whole  length  of  the  struc- 
ture is  117  feet;  the  chancel  is  25  feet  deep;  the  nave  is  35  feet  wide,  and 
the  aisles  10  feet;  the  south  transept  is  30  feet  deep.  An  organ-chamber 
is  north,  and  a  robing-room  is  south,  of  the  chancel.  The  clere-story  is 
supported  by  an  arcade  with  moulded  bases  and  caps  ;  the  columns  are 
rounded  and  massive.  The  windows  are  filled  with  richly  stained  glass. 
Under  the  chancel  end,  in  a  basement  above  ground,  are  rooms  for  Bible- 
classes,  the  choir,  and  for  other  purposes. 

While  the  outside  of  the  building  is  unfinished,  the  interior  is  as  com- 
plete as  it  can  be  made,  and  presents  a  general  effect  that  is  a  delight  and 


1 62  AVXG'S   HA  XD BOOK   OF  K PISCO I'AI.    C/WRC/fES. 

satisfaction.  The  decorator  was  Mr.  E.  J.  N.  Stent  of  New  York.  The  wall 
and  ceiling  colors,  although  strong,  arc;  well  blended  ;  the  chancel,  of  course, 
being  the  culmination  of  the  artist's  best  efforts.  Without  entering  into  a 
detailed  description  of  Mr.  Stent's  work,  it  will  suffice  to  say  that  he  has 
made  a  most  charming  interior,  and  has  helped,  not  marred,  the  architect's 
efforts.  Two  very  noticeable  memorials  in  the  interior  are  the  brass  tablet 
to  the  Rev.  John  Rodney,  and  the  brass  lamp  over  the  pulpit  in  memory  of 
Mrs.  Vibbert,  the  wife  of  the  rector  under  whose  ministry  the  Church  was 
built.  The  statistics  of  the  parish,  in  18S7,  were  as  follows:  communicants, 
611;  public  services,  410:  Sunday  school,  490;  parish  day  school,  105; 
industrial  school,  79;  contributions  to  missions,  the  poor,  etc.,  $6,412.  This 
is  exclusive  of  the  parish  expenses.  The  guild  has  many  branches,  includ- 
ing St.  Andrew's  Brotherhood,  a  temperance  society,  mothers'  meeting, 
clothing  club,  etc.  The  choir  of  the  parish  consists  of  men  and  boys,  and 
is  one  of  the  oldest,  as  well  as  one  of  the  best,  of  the  vested  choirs  in  the 
vicinity.  A  very  convenient  stone  building  for  i)arish  purposes  was  erected 
in  the  churchyard  in  1866,  as  "a  thank-offering  to  God  for  the  blessings 
of  peac^.''  A  new  Rectory  has  recently  been  purchased,  and  occupied 
October,   1888. 

ST.  PAUL'S  CHURCH,  Cleveland,  O.  —  The  present  building  stands 
on  a  site  two  miles  away  from  the  location  of  the  former  St.  Paul's.  The 
parish  was  organized  Oct.  26,  1846,  at  which  time  forty-six  persons  signed 
the  Articles  of  Association.  The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Dr.  Gideon  IJ. 
Perry,  and  services  were  held  for  a  while  in  a  room  fitted  up  for  the 
purposes  of  worship.  In  March,  1848,  a  lot  was  purchased  on  Euclid 
Avenue,  a  little  east  of  the  Public  Square,  and  soon  after  the  parish  began 
the  erection  of  a  building,  to  cost  five  thousand  dollars.  As  this  building 
was  approaching  completion,  in  the  summer  of  1S49,  it  was  entirely  destroyed 
by  fire.  To  the  young  and  struggling  parish  this  was  a  sad  blow,  but  a 
blow  which  was  bravely  borne,  as  the  following  resolution  passed  by  the 
vestry  almost  immediately  after  the  fire  clearly  indicates  :  '•'Resolved :  That 
the  parish  of  St.  Paul's  Church  of  Cleveland,  O.,  proceed  forthwith  to  build 
upon  the  church-lot  on  Euclid  Avenue,  a  stone  or  brick  edifice  for  the  use 
of  said  parish,  to  be  worth  when  completed  eight  thousand  dollars,  and  to 
be  finished  in  one  year  from  this  time."  This  resolution  was  so  vigorously 
acted  upon,  that,  before  the  end  of  the  year  1S50,  the  people  of  St.  Paul's 
were  worshipping  in  their  new  Church  edifice.  Dr.  Perry  was  succeeded  in 
1853  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  R.  IJethel  Claxton,  who  served  until  1859.  In  i860 
Rev.  Dr.  W.  F.  Paddock  became  rector,  holding  the  position  until  1863. 
The  Rev.  Dr.  J.  H.  Rylance  was  rector  until  1S67,  when  he  was  succeeded 
by  tlie  Rev.  Frederick  Brooks.     .Mr.   Brooks  took  charge  of  the  parish  in 


KING'S   HAXDBOOk-  OF   EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 63 


164       a7.\y;'.s-  //Ax/ynooA'  of  ep/sco/'al  churches. 

November,  I.S67,  and  remained  in  charj^e  till  his  death,  Sept.  15,  1874. 
During  the  rectorship  of  Mr.  Brooks,  decisive  steps  were  taken  toward 
securing  a  more  eligible  situation  for  a  Church  and  parish  buildings.  The 
"down  town"  lot  was  sold  in  March,  1S74,  and  in  the  following  November 
a  lot  was  purchased  on  the  corner  of  Euclid  and  Case  streets,  nearly  two  miles 
eastward  from  the  old  site,  and  on  this  lot  the  present  St.  Paul's  Church  was 
erected.  Mr.  Brooks  was  not  permitted  to  see  in  the  flesh  the  completion 
of  that  parish  removal  for  which  he  had  so  zealously  labored;  but  many  who 
wrought  with  him  have  been  spared  to  see  an  equipment  for  work,  and  an 
enlargement  of  parish  influence,  far  exceeding  their  most  sanguine  expecta- 
tions. The  Rev.  C.  M.  Wines  followed  Mr.  Brooks  in  the  rectorship  of 
St.  Paul's,  and  remained  in  charge  of  the  parish  till  .May  i,  1S76.  ^  After  the 
resignation  of  .Mr.  Wines,  the  Rev.  Nelson  S.  Rulison  was  elected  rector, 
taking  charge  of  the  parish  Nov.  7,  1876. 

The  present  Church-building  was  first  occupied  for  worship,  Sunday, 
Dec.  24,  1876,  and  was  consecrated  Feb.  i,  1S77.  The  new  parish  position 
and  equipment  gave  to  Dr.  Rulison  an  excellent  opportunity  for  the  exercise 
of  his  rare  gifts ;  and,  assisted  by  the  zealous  co-operation  of  many  faithful 
lay-helpers,  he  greatly  increased  the  strength  and  influence  of  St.  Paul's. 
Having  been  elected  assistant  bishop  of  Central  Pennsylvania,  Dr.  Rulison 
resigned  the  rectorship  of  St.  I^aul's,  Nov.  7,  1884;  and  in  December,  1S84, 
the  Rev.  Cyrus  S.  Bates,  D.D.,  was  called  to  the  parish,  and  has  been  in 
charge  of  it  since  Feb.  i,  1885.  The  plans  for  St.  Paul's  Church,  Chapel, 
and  Rectory  were  furnished  by  Mr.  Lloyd,  architect,  of  Detroit.  The  cost 
of  the  entire  property  has  been  about  $170,000.  The  Church  and  Chapel 
have  seating  capacity  for  about  1,400  persons.  The  proportions  of  the 
Church  interior,  with  its  wide  transepts,  open  Gothic  ceiling,  and  large 
double-arched  chancel,  combine,  in  happy  degree,  arcliitectural  nobleness 
and  good  acoustic  properties.  Three  memorial  tablets  have  been  placed 
in  the  Church,  —  one  for  Rev.  Dr.  Claxton  ;  one  for  (he  Rev.  Frederick 
Brooks;  and  one  for  Mr.  J.  H.  Devereux,  who  was  for  seventeen  years  a 
warden  of  the  parish,  and  for  several  sessions  a  delegate  from  the  diocese 
of  Ohio  to  the  General  Convention. 

ALL  SAINTS',  Worcester,  Mass.  —  The  city  of  Worcester,  Mass.,  has 
a  jwpulation  of  about  seventy  thousand.  It  is  a  manufacturing  and  railway 
centre,  and  is  one  of  the  most  prosperous  and  energetic  cities  in  the  State. 
Within  a  short  distance  from  the  suburbs  is  Lake  Quinsigamond,  which  is 
bordered  by  a  public  park.  On  one  side  of  the  city  are  the  grounds  and 
buildings  of  the  new  Clark  University.  Northward  are  the  great  iron  wire 
works,  employing  many  hundreds  of  workmen. 

The  Episcopal  Church  has  now  four  parishes  in  Worcester.     The  main 


A'/A'G"^  HANDBOOK  OF  EriSCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 65 

parish  is  All  Saints',  the  buildings  for  which  are  situated  on  Irving  and 
Pleasant  Streets.  The  first  efforts  at  organizing  a  parish  here  were  made 
in  1835,  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Vail,  now  bishop  of  Kansas.  In  1837  they 
were  continued  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Clark,  now  bishop  of  Rhode  Island. 
It  was  not,  however,  until  1843  that  the  parish  was  fully  organized,  under 
the  ministry  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Blackaller.  After  a  number  of  changes  of 
ministers  the  Rev.  William  R.  Huntington  was  called  in  1862,  and  con- 
tinued as  rector  until  he  became  the  rector  of  Grace  Church,  New  York. 
The  old  All  Saints'  Church  stood  on  Pearl  Street.  It  was  built  in  1846, 
from  designs  made  by  the  elder  Upjohn.  It  was  a  small  wooden  structure 
of  graceful  proportions.  After  various  enlargements,  it  was  accidentally 
destroyed  by  fire  in  1874. 

After  purchasing  a  new  site  the  present  building  was  begun  in  1875. 
The  architects  were  Earle  &  Fuller  of  Worcester.  The  corner-stone  was 
laid  bv  Bishop  Huntington  on  the  25th  of  July.  The  building  was  finished 
in  September,  1876,  and  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Paddock,  Jan.  24,  1877. 
The  lot  on  which  the  building  stands  has  a  frontage  of  one  hundred  and 
forty  feet  on  Irving  Street  and  one  hundred  and  fifty  on  Pleasant  Street. 
The  structure  consists  of  Church,  Chapel,  and  Parish  Building,  which  are 
built  connectedly.  In  the  angle  between  the  buildings  is  an  open  space 
about  forty  feet  square;  elsewhere  there  is  a  margin  of  from  eight  to  ten 
feet  of  ground  around  the  buildings,  and  all  available  space  not  needed  for 
walks  has  been  grassed.  The  foundations  of  the  buildings  are  of  granite 
from  Millstone  Hill,  while  all  the  exterior,  from  the  ground  to  the  capstone 
of  the  spire,  is  of  brown-stone  from  East  Longmeadow,  Mass.  This  is 
mostly  used  in  the  rough,  with  the  natural  split  faces,  laid  up  in  square 
mixed  work,  with  joints  of  red  mortar.  Cut  stone  is  sparingly  used,  but 
some  bits  of  stone  carving  are  not  only  very  decorative  in  the  general  effect, 
but  are  in  themselves  objects  of  beauty,  particularly  the  two  roundels  on  the 
front,  symbolizing  All  Saints  by  the  representative  heads  of  Anna  and 
Simeon.  At  the  most  conspicuous  corner  of  the  Church,  where  the  two 
streets  meet,  rise  the  tower  and  spire.  The  corner-stone,  which  is  placed 
here,  is  marked  on  one  side  by  the  ancient  monogram  of  the  title  of  Christ, 
and  on  the  other  side  by  the  cross  and  circle.  Broad  at  the  bottom,  the 
first  story  of  the  tower  makes  a  commodious  porch,  above  which  is  a 
finished  room,  reached  by  a  stone  stairway  in  a  corner  turret.  The  stone 
spire  rises  to  the  height  of  one  hundred  and  sixty-two  feet  from  the  side- 
walk, and  over  all  the  cross,  twelve  feet  more.  This  is  of  black  iron,  with 
parts  of  gilded  brass.  The  Church  is  cruciform  in  plan,  and  the  north 
transept  gable  forms  one  of  its  most  prominent  features  on  Pleasant  Street. 
A  porch  and  cloister  are  on  one  side  of  this,  and  the  organ-chamber  on  the 
other,  the  latter  occupying  the  angle  between  the  transept  and  the  Church. 


1 66  A'A\'6'.V   IfANDBOOK   O/-    K  PISCO  PA  I.    CI/UKCHES. 

The  Parish  Building,  wliich  is  in  tlie  rear  of  the  Cliurch  and  Chapel,  and 
occupies  the  angle  between  them,  is  only  observed  from  the  street  in  its 
more  prominent  parts,  tlie  dormer  windows  and  the  bay-window  gable. 
The  Church  has  five  entrances,  three  at  the  front  and  one  at  each  transept. 
In  the  tower  porch,  built  into  the  south  wall,  are  two  stones  from  Worcester 
Cathedral,  and  in  connection  with  these  has  been  placed,  in  compliance  with 
a  suggestion  of  the  Dean  of  Worcester,  a  brass  plate,  bearing  an  inscription 
from  his  pen.'  The  interior  of  the  Church  comprises  a  nave  fortv-four  feet 
wide,  with  aisles  and  clere-story ;  transepts  forty-four  feet  wide,  with  a  total 
distance  of  eighty-two  feet  between  transept  end-walls ;  and  an  apsidal 
chancel  forty-four  feet  broad  by  thirty  deep.  The  total  length  of  the  build- 
ing is  one  hundred  and  thirty-three  feet.  The  nave  and  transepts  are 
arranged  for  about  nine  hundred  sittings,  leaving  the  aisles  clear,  to  be 
hereafter  appropriated  to  sittings  when  required.  The  clere-story  is  sup- 
ported by  arcades,  with  Nova-Scotia  olive  stone  columns,  having  carved 
capitals  of  conventional  foliage.  The  chancel  arch  is  also  of  Nova-Scotia 
stone.  The  inside  walls,  whicii  are  of  brick,  separated  by  an  air  space  from 
the  outer  walls,  a/e  plastered,  and  tinted  in  distemper,  with  simple  decora- 
tions of  bands  and  stripes  of  color.  The  chancel  is  finished  with  a  panelled 
and  gabled  wainscot  of  black  walnut,  the  customary  illuminated  tablets 
forming  the  background.  The  organ  presents  one  front  of  large  pipes  to 
the  chancel,  and  another  one  in  the  north  transept,  all  of  them  being  "  speak- 
ing pipes."  The  pulpit  and  font  are  the  same  that  did  service  in  the  old 
Church.  The  bronze  eagle  lectern,  which  stands  at  the  centre  of  the 
chancel  steps,  was  put  in  its  place  to  signalize  the  success  of  the  effort  to 
pay  the  debt  on  the  Church.  Adjoining  the  chancel  on  the  south  is  the 
vestry,  a  well-lighted  room,  with  its  chimney-corner  and  open  fireplace  of 
Caen-stone  and  tiles,  also  connecting  closets,  and  a  fire-proof  safe  for  the 
preservation  of  Church  records.  An  object  of  interest  in  the  vestry  is  a 
charred  wooden  cross,  which  ornamented  the  south  gable  of  the  old  Church 
throughout  its  whole  history.  It  narrowly  escaped  destruction,  as  the 
blackened  edges  show.     It  stands  on  what  was  the  credence-table  of  the 

'  These  relics  of  architeclural  ornament  once  .idorned 

the  Lady  Chapel  of  the  Cathedral  Church 

of  Worcester,  England,  and  arc 

presented  to  the  Church  of  All  Saints, 

Worcester,  Mass.achusetts, 

Dy  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  the  .ibove  Cathedral 

as  a  token  of  brotherly  regard  and 

Christian  Unity. 

Built  into  the  walls  of  the  new  All  Saints',  "  these  stones  shall  be  for  a  memorial,"  not  only  of  the 

friendly  feeling  that  has  long  existed  between  the  two  cities,  which  in  the  Old  England  and  the  New 

bear  a  name  in  common,  but  also  of  the  more   sacred  bond  which   unites  both  the   givers  and  the 

receivers,  in  the  fellowship  of  the  Mother  Church  of  our  .Anglo-Saxon  r.-ice.        * 


AViVG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIWPCIIES. 


167 


enlarged  chancel  of  1871.  All  the  wood  finish  of  the  Church  is  of  black 
walnut,  and  in  this  material  a  prominent  feature  is  the  glazed  screen  work 
which  forms  a  vestibule  at  the  east  end.     The  floors  generally  are  covered 


with  carpets,  but  those  of  the  porches  and  cloisters  are  laid  with  English 
tiles  of  rich  patterns.  Most  of  the  windows  are  of  cathedral  glass,  more 
or  less  decorated,  though  some  of  them  are  quite  plain.  These  will  probably 
be  replaced  by  richer  ones  in  the  future.  The  other  parts  of  the  building 
communicate  with  the  Church,  first  by  the    porch    of   the  south  transept, 


1 68  A/.\G'S  I/AADhOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CJIi'RCIIES. 

wliich  connects  with  tlie  main  entrance  to  the  chapel,  and  also  hy  means  of 
an  archway  in  the  south  wall  of  the  cliancel,  opening  into  a  Cf)rriilor  which 
gives  direct  access  to  the  vestry,  parish  library,  chapel,  and  Sunday-school 
library.  The  chai)el  is  thirty-four  by  forty-nine  feet,  with  a  recess  at  the 
west  end  seven  by  twenty-two  feet.  At  the  other  end,  separated  by  a  roll- 
ing wooden  curtain,  is  the  infant-class-room,  with  a  seating  capacity  of 
about  seventy-five.  The  wood  finish  of  the  chapel  is  of  cherry.  The  walls 
and  ceilings  are  decorated  in  water-color.  The  chapel  presents  an  unusual 
feature  in  the  arrangement  of  the  organ,  which  is  placed  in  the  middle  of 
tlie  north  side,  bracketed  out  from  the  wall.  Both  the  large  Church  organ 
and  the  small  one  are  blown  by  water-motors.  The  Chapel  is  furnished 
with  reversible  settees,  and  will  seat  about  two  hundred  and  fifty  persons. 
The  part  designated  as  the  Parish  Building  is  of  two  stories.  In  the  first 
story  is  the  parish  library,  a  room  which,  in  addition  to  its  purposes  as 
implied  by  the  name,  is  used  for  business  and  social  meetings  of  the  parish 
and  vestry,  and  as  a  general  headquarters  for  the  people  of  tlie  Church. 
In  the  second  story,  over  the  parish  library,  are  the  rooms  for  the  women's 
work,  sunny,  light,  and  airy,  with  ample  accompanying  closets  and  con- 
veniences.    The  i)resent  rector  is  tlie  Rev.  A   H.  Vinton. 

ST.  THOMAS'  CHURCH,  Hanover,  N.H.  —  In  the  year  1830,  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Ilale,  then  professor  of  cliemistry  in  Dartmouth  College,  began 
to  hold  evening  services  in  his  own  parlor;  he  continued  them  until  1835, 
when,  his  course  in  this  matter  being  obnoxious  to  the  college  fathers,  tiiey, 
having  no  ])ower  to  remove  him  legally,  abolished  his  professorship.  Occa- 
sional services  were  held  until  1850,  when  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bourns  of  Norwich 
University  was  invited  to  officiate  at  Hanover,  and  soon  after  the  congrega- 
tion that  was  gathered  purchased  the  disused  Methodist  meeting-house  ;  he 
continued  to  minister  faithfully  and  at  much  personal  sacrifice  until  1S67. 
Soon  after  that  time  the  Rev.  James  Haughton  became  rector;  he  was  suc- 
ceeded by  the  Rev.  W.  C.  Dawson,  who  was  succeeded  in  1882  by  the  Rev. 
R.  I\I.  Berkeley,  the  present  rector. 

Hanover  is  the  home  of  Dartmouth  College,  where  year  by  year  are 
gathered  some  four  hundred  voung  men  for  instruction  and  training,  which 
"to  a  great  extent  determines  the  character  and  abiding  impressions  of 
those  whose  voices  are  likely  to  be  listened  to  on  the  great  subjects  of  reli- 
gion and  morality."  It  was  very  important  that  the  Church  should  be 
strongly  and  permanently  planted  here,  not  only  to  minister  to  her  own  sons, 
but  to  many  young  men  who  are  drawn  hither  without  any  settled  religious 
convictions.  Tlie  necessitv  of  having  a  substantial  and  dignified  Church  edi- 
fice forced  itself  upon  those  to  whom  the  care  and  welfare  of  the  Church  in 
New  Hampshire  is  committed;  and  it  was  only  after  a  struggle  and  labor, 


kijvg's  handbook  of  episcopal  churches.        169 

of   which  we    cannot    now  tell,  that    the  work  was   carried  forward    to   its 
present  condition. 

The  Church  was  not  built  all  at  one  time  ;  first  the  foundation  was  laid, 
and  after  waiting  a  year,  the  nave  was  added,  the  funds  for  this  purpose 
beincj  raised  in  Boston,  Providence,  New  York,  and  elsewhere.  "  The 
principal  donors  desired  a  house  worthy  of  the  place,"  the  largest  giver 
stipulating  that  the  building  should  cost  not  less  than  twenty  thousand  dol- 
lars. In  1876  the  Church  was  completed,  with  the  exception  of  the  tower, 
the  foundation  of  which,  eleven  feet  deep  of  solid  masonry,  is  ready  and 
waiting.  'The  Church  is  of  stone,  and  was  designed  by  Mr.  Fi-ederick  C. 
Withers  of  New  York  ;  it  is  ninety-nine  feet  long  and  thirty-six  feet  wide, 
and  has  seats  for  about  three  hundred  persons.  Its  crowning  beauty  is  the 
chancel,  built  about  a  year  after  the  nave,  at  a  cost  of  ten  thousand  dollars. 
It  is  large  and  seemly,  twenty-six  feet  deep  and  twenty-four  feet  wide,  with 
a  noble  arch  of  stone  at  its  entrance.  The  east  window  is  of  very  beautiful 
design,  filled  with  stained  glass,  and  tells  the  story  of  the  Nativity,  Crucifix- 
ion, Resurrection,  and  Ascension:  and  directly  under  it  is  a  stone  belt,  upon 
which  is  carved  the  following  inscription  :  "  To  the  glory  of  God,  in  memory 
of  Jennie  Tracy  Harris,  this  chancel  is  erected  A.D  MDCCCLXXVI.' 
The  chancel  was  the  gift  of  one  lady,  a  memorial  of  a  loved  daughter,  who 
had,  during  the  summers  spent  at  Lebanon,  worshipped  with  her  mother 
at  the  old  Church  in  Hanover,  and,  having  a  great  veneration  and  reverence 
for  the  house  of  God,  she  deplored  its  forlorn  condition  ;  the  dilapidated  and 
weather-stained  door  attracted  her  notice,  and  she  asked  her  mother  if  she 
might  paint  it  with  the  first  money  she  had,  It  was  this  touching  reminis- 
cence that  prompted  the  mother,  when  learning  of  the  Church  at  Hanover 
without  a  chancel,  to  erect  it  in  memory  of  her  loved  child.  During  the 
month  of  September  of  the  present  year,  great  additions  were  made  to  the 
chancel  by  a  gentleman  of  New  York,  who  placed  there  a  chaste  and  beauti 
ful  altar  and  reredos  in  memory  of  his  wife,  the  mother  of  the  child  of  whom 
the  chancel  is  a  memorial.  The  altar  and  reredos,  designed  by  Mr.  With- 
ers, architect  of  the  Church,  are  of  Caen-stone,  with  mensa  and  super-altar 
of  white  statuary  marble,  the  mensa  having  the  five  crosses  inlaid  with  red 
Tennessee  marble.  At  the  south  end  of  the  base  of  the  altar  is  the  inscription, 
"  To  the  glory  of  God,  and  in  loving  memory  of  Caroline  A.  McConnell." 
Thus  the  memories  of  a  loved  child,  and  loving  and  beloved  mother  and 
wife,  are  linked  together  in  the  sanctuary  and  at  the  Table  of  the  Lord. 
The  altar  was  consecrated  Oct.  2,  1887,  by  the  Bishop  of  New  Hampshire. 
The  chancel  was  further  improved  by  the  gentleman  who  erected  the  altar 
and  reredos,  by  laying  an  oak  floor  in  the  sanctuary  and  oak  steps  to  the 
altar,  and  by  placing  a  low  rood  screen  across  the  chancel  arch,  and  furnish- 
ing an  oak    pulpit   of   exquisite    design    and  workmansliip,  sedilia    for  the 


170 


A-/XG'.S  HAA'DBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


sanctuary,  and  additional  ciioir-stalls  of  oak;  the  chancel  was  also  decorated 
with  warm  colors  in  oil,  and  is  now  complete  and  every  thing  that  could  be 
wished  for  in  taste  and  beauty. 

The  Church  itself  is  an  inspiration  to  devotion  and  worship;  and  the 
congregation  appreciate  all  that  has  been  done,  and  are  grateful  to  their 
generous  benefactors.  The  students  of  Dartmouth  College,  attending  upon 
the  services  and  making  a  very  important  part  of  the  congregation,  are  of 
moderate  means,  and  require  great  economy  to  go 
through  college  The  only  way  that  the  permanent 
maintenance  of  the  services  can  be  assured  is  by 
endowments,  general  and  special.  There  are  already 
small  beginnings  in  this  direction.  The  seed  sown 
here  may  in  God's  time  bring  an  abundant  harvest. 
The  work  is  important,  even  though  it  seem  small. 
It  has  its  burdens  and  cares.  It  has  its  encourage- 
Mients  also.     Some  years  ago.  before  the  parish  was 

blessed  with    its 
present  beautiful 
^-^>      Church,    and 
while     yet     wor- 
';i.-<?^>    shipping   in    the 
;V-5'    "old    meeting- 
house,"    three 
voung  men,  then 
under-  graduates 
in    Dartmouth 
College,    had 
risen  very  early, 

and  gone  to  prepare  the  Church  for  that  day's  services,  and  to  try  to  coax 
some  heat  out  of  the  well-nigh  worn-out  furnace.  While  waiting  in  the 
cellar  for  the  fire  to  burn,  they  talked  together  regarding  their  future,  and 
considered  whether  it  would  not,  after  all,  be  well  to  give  up  their  former 
plans,  and  after  graduation  study  for  the  holy  ministry.  These  three  men 
have  all  since  been  elected  to  the  episcopate. 


•ipi^J 


St    Thomas'  Church,   Hanover,   N.H. 


TRINITY  CHURCH,  Boston,  Mass.  —  The  first  Episcopal  Church 
built  in  Boston  was  King's  Chapel,  but  in  1787  the  congregation  ceased  to 
be  in  communion  with  the  Episcopal  body,  having  adopted  Unitarian  views. 
Trinity  Parish  was  organized  in  172S,  and  its  first  Church  was  built  in  1735. 
This  was  a  i)lain  wooden  building  at  the  corner  of  Summer  and  Hawley 
Streets.  The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Addington  Davenport.  In  this 
wooden  building  the  parisii  worshippid  until    1S28,  when  it  was  succeeded 


AYA'6'"^^   HAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  I/r 


\J2  A'/A'G'S  JIANDDOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CI/CRCIFES. 

in-  the  solid  Gothic  structure  on  Summer  Street,  wliich  was  used  until  1872, 
when  tlie  great  fire  destroyed  it  Tiie  movement  for  the  construction  of  a 
new  Church  really  bej^an  the  winter  before  the  old  one  was  destroyed,  but 
the  fire  hastened  their  decision. 


Interior  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  Mass 


The  new  Church,  situated  at  the  intersection  of  Huntinijton  Avenue, 
Eoylston,  and  Clarendon  Streets,  is  one  of  the  fjrandest  buildinii^s  in  the 
United  States,  and  will  long  be  a  noble  monument  to  its  famous  architect. 


KING'S   UAA'DBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIIUKCIIES.  1/3 

ilenry  H.  Richardson.  The  style  of  the  building  and  many  of  its  details 
were  at  the  time  of  its  construction  quite  new  in  the  architecture  of  this 
country.  The  Church  resembles  in  some  respects  the  cathedrals  in  the 
South  of  France  and  in  Spain,  and  illustrates  the  architect's  attempts  to 
adapt  this  form  of  Romanesque  architecture  to  this  country.  The  finest 
view  of  the  building  is  of  the  rear,  taking  in  the  semi-circular  chancel  and 
the  great  scjuare  central  tower.  The  front  is  not  yet  finished  according 
to  the  wishes  of  the  architect,  as  he  intended  that  there  should  be  a  very 
large  and  high  porch  at  the  west  end.  This  and  some  better  finish  of  the 
blunt  tower  ends  may  be  accomplished  at  a  future  day.  The  interior  is  not 
yet  entirely  finished,  some  of  the  windows  not  having  received  their  perma- 
nent glass,  and  some  of  the  wall-spaces  being  destined  for  further  color- 
decoration  and  figure-paintings.  The  figure-paintings  by  Lafarge  are  a 
most  interesting  feature  of  the  interior,  and  attract  the  attention  of  visitors, 
not  so  much  by  their  drawing  as  by  their  wonderful  coloring.  The  general 
effect  of  the  interior  is  charming,  owing  to  the  happy  combination  of  rich 
decoration  and  beautiful  woodwork.  The  chancel  is  57  by  52  feet ;  the 
extreme  width  of  the  Church  across  the  transepts  is  121  feet,  and  the  length 
is  160  feet;  the  great  central  tower  or  lantern  is  46  feet  square  inside,  and 
is,  of  course,  a  prominent  feature,  whether  beheld  from  the  inside  or  looked 
at  from  without.  Two  handsome  pillared  cloisters  connect  the  Chapel  with 
tlie  Church.  In  the  east  one  of  these  cloisters  is  part  of  the  stone  tracery 
of  a  window  from  the  ancient  Church  of  St.  Botolph's,  Old  Boston,  Eng. 
The  chapel  has  two  stories,  the  lower  floor  being  devoted  to  various  rooms 
for  parish  societies,  etc.,  and  the  upper  one  to  Sunday-school  and  other 
purposes.  The  cost  of  the  whole  structure  was  $750,000,  not  counting  some 
additions  made  after  the  building  was  opened.  The  consecration  took  place 
Feb.  9,  18x7.  The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  Dr.  Phillips  Brooks,  under 
whose  ministry  the  new  Church  was  finished.  Some  of  his  predecessors  in 
the  ministry  of  the  parish  have  been  men  of  great  distinction.  Among 
them  were  Bishop  Eastburn,  Bishop  Doane  of  New  Jersey,  Bishop  Clarke 
of  Rhode  Island,  Bishop  Hopkins  of  Vermont,  and  Bishop  Wainwright  of 
New  York. 

The  present  rector  has  a  reputation  as  a  preacher  that  is  world-wide  ; 
but  the  parish  itself,  as  will  be  seen  by  the  record  of  work  given  further  on, 
is  an  exceedingly  active  one,  given  to  good  works.  Much  has  been  written 
concerning  the  great  popularity  of  the  rector,  but  the  following  by  a  recent 
writer  sums  up  very  happily  the  elements  of  his  success  :  — 

"  It  is  from  the  threefold  point  of  view  of  its  effect  upon  the  parish,  the 
community,  and  the  general  progress  of  the  day,  that  the  work  of  Phillips  Brooks 
must  be  estimated.     Mis  parish  cannot  be  bounded  by  the  local  limits  of  Trinity. 


174  A'/.\'G'S   HAXDIiOOK   OF  EP/SCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

The  ministry  of  ihe  great  preacher  cannot  be  exclusively  claimed  by  the  Epis- 
copal Church.  His  work  is  in  those  deeper  regions  of  life  and  thought  where 
differing  opinions  find  a  common  basis,  and  where,  because  they  rest  on  the 
universal,  they  show  a  true  catholicity.  This  catholicity  of  Dr.  Hrooks  is  a  posi- 
tive force,  deeply  felt  in  his  own  parish,  and  one  which  is  impressing  itself  upon 
the  age.  .  .  . 

"  A  great  work  is  now  being  done  by  the  rector  of  Trinity  Church,  —one  which 
is  making  itself  so  widely  felt  as  a  factor  in  human  progress  that  men  are  asking 
afar  and  anear,  what  is  the  secret  of  this  activity  ? 

"The  only  secret  is  the  simple,  practical  fulfilment  of  that  gospel  given  eigh- 
teen centuries  ago.  Dr.  Hrooks's  method  is  to  put  the  eternal  truths  of  the  gospel 
into  modern  circulation.  His  special  gift,  we  may  perhaps  say,  is  to  translate 
tvpical  gospel  history  into  the  circumstances  of  our  own  lives  and  time,  and  apply 
them  to  our  daily  difficulties. 

"  Religion,  he  teaches,  only  finds  its  completeness  when  the  aspiration  of  the 
sanctuary  has  vitalized  itself  in  acts.  He  preaches,  in  short,  the  gospel  of 
character,  as  finding  its  only  source  and  its  oi\ly  completion  in  God." 


Trinity  has  a  Sunday  school  containing  about  five  hundred  pupils,  con- 
nected with  the  parish.  It  meets  every  Sunday  mornins;  in  the  Chapel. 
Members  of  Trinity  Church  will  be  found  working  actively  in  most  of  the 
benevolent  associations  of  the  city,  but  in  the  parish  itself  are  several 
organizations  which  accomplish  much  good.  The  Employment  Society 
furnishes  sewing  to  many  poor  women.  The  Ladies'  Missionary  Society 
and  the  Thursday  evening  class  are  interested  in  missionary  work  outside 
the  parish.  Trinity  Club  is  an  association  of  the  young  men  of  the  parish, 
the  object  of  which  is  to  bring  the  young  men  of  the  Church  together  for 
mutual  improvement  and  friendly  intercourse.  Trinity  House,  situated  on 
Burroughs  Place  off  Hollis  Street,  was  opened  a  few  years  ago,  to  help  the 
poor  of  that  region  in  various  ways.  Here  is  a  day-nursery  where  women 
may  leave  their  young  children  while  they  go  out  to  work.  A  laundry 
furnishes  employment  to  women  who  can  wash,  and  an  employment  society 
gives  out  sewing.  Sewing,  cooking,  and  housekeeping  are  taught,  and 
classes  of  children  ;  and  a  temperance  society  holds  out  a  helping  hand  to 
men.  The  most  important  of  these  agencies  is  St.  Andrew's  Church,  a 
mission  of  Trinity,  under  the  charge  of  tlie  Rev.  Reuben  Kidner,  with 
property  recently  acquired  at  a  cost  of  fifty  thousand  dollars,  and  with  every 
needed  equipment  for  successful  work. 

There  are  two  buildings.  Facing  the  street  is  the  Parisii  House,  with 
basement  and  three  floors  containing  numerous  rooms,  a  hall,  and  all  con- 
veniences for  work  in  the  many  channels  of  benevolence.     Here  are  sjath- 


r' 


^<>*- 


St.   Andrew's  Church,  Boston,  Mass. 


1/6  A'/XG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  El'ISCOPAL    CI/i'RCI/ES. 

ered  classes  for  instruction  in  such  branches  as  will  enable  them  to  earn  a 
livelihood.  Here  are  others  for  special  training  in  religious  knowledge,  and 
occasionally  there  are  large  gatherings  for  recreation.  This  Parish  House 
is  the  scene  of  much  activity  day  by  day. 

The  other  building  is  a  beautiful  Church  situated  in  the  rear  and  ap- 
proached through  the  Parisli  House,  and  also  by  a  side  passage-way,  as 
shown  in  the  picture.  The  two  structures  offer  facilities  for  reaching  and 
helping  large  numbers  of  people. 

ST.  SAVIOURS,  Bar  Harbor,  Me.  —  Few  Church  buildings  in  the 
country  have  won  the  loving  interest  of  its  worshippers  as  has  St.  Saviour's, 
in  its  rough  walls  and  rafters.  "  Its  original  quick  uprising  from  the  spon- 
taneous efforts  of  prominent  Church  people  from  our  great  cities,  its 
crowded  attendance  from  the  first,  the  marked  pulpit  talent  evinced  in 
summer  visitations,  then  the  sudden  demand  for  a  larger  Church,  and  the 
funds  immediately  given  for  its  construction,  and  the  singularly  unique 
character  of  the  final  building,  —  these  all,  with  the  notable  reverence 
of  the  large  congregations,  the  orderlv  conduct  of  its  services,  and  verv 
full  responses,  have  made  St.  Saviour's  Church  very  dear  to  the  hearts  of 
thousands  from  all  sections  of  the  land."  Every  Sunday  during  the  sea- 
son, from  eighteen  hundred  to  two  thousand  crowd  in  at  one  or  another 
of  its  services,  of  which  there  are  five.  During  the  season  there  is  a  cele- 
bration of  the  Eucharist  every  Sunday  morning  at  7.30  o'clock.  .Morning 
Prayer  follows  at  9.30.  At  10.45  ^'^^  third  service  begins,  when  often 
every  seat  is  occupied,  and  hundreds  of  people  are  turned  away.  .At 
five  o'clock  there  is  Evening  Prayer,  and  a  night  service  at  eight.  To 
these  services  in  the  Church  are  added  the  work  of  two  Sunday  schools 
and  a  mission. 

The  Rev.  Christopher  S.  Lefiingwell  is  in  charge  of  the  parish.  The 
Church  was  originally  built  for  summer  use ;  but  the  present  rector,  when 
he  took  up  his  abode  at  Bar  Harbor  in  1879,  instituted  regular  weekly 
services,  and  has  kept  them  up  ever  since.  Beginning  with  a  handful,  the 
number  of  resident  communicants  has  grown  to  sixty.  But  the  main  work 
of  the  parish  is  in  the  summer  season.  The  building  originally  accommo- 
dated only  325,  but  has  been  enlarged  so  that  now  800  can  be  crowded  in. 
The  walls  are  of  red,  untrimmed  island  granite,  and  are  finished  in  the 
rough,  both  outside  and  inside.  The  roof  and  all  the  wood-work  is  stained 
a  rich  brown,  that  forms  a  pleasing  contrast  with  the  light  tint  of  the  stone- 
work. The  handsome  Italian-marble  altar  is  in  memory  of  Mr.  Gouverneur 
Morris  Ogden,  a  vestryman  of  old  Trinity,  New  York,  and  treasurer  of  the 
committee  in  charge  of  St.  Saviour's.  Mr.  Ogden's  remains  are  buried  in 
tiie  centre  of  the  nave  of  St.  Saviour's.     Tiic  altar  is  the  gift  of  Mrs.  Ogden 


A-/\G'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIIL'RCIIES. 


^77 


and    lier  children.     There    are 

also  numerous  other  memorial 

or   other   gifts    from    summer 

guests,    among   them    a    brass 

tablet   given   by  Mr.   Gardiner 

Sherman,    brass    candelabra 

from    Mr.    John     DeKoven,    a 

beautiful  stained-glass  window 

rom     Dr.    VV.     T.     Helmuth. 

Mr.    and     Mrs.     Montgomery 

Sears    of    Boston    have    made 

verv    generous    gifts.       Miss 

Dodge,  the    family  of    Mr. 

S.  E.  Lyon,  Mr.  and  Miss 

Washington,  Mrs.  Ogden. 


rw.^1 


^^. 


St.   Saviour's   Church,    Bar  Harbor,  Me. 


178 


A'/xc's  ifAxnBooK  or  ej'iscopai.  churches. 


and  others  have  Iic-lped  adorn  the  building  by  beautiful  gifts.  Mrs.  VV.  H. 
\'anderbilt.  Mr.  James  Woodward,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Sheldon,  and  many  others 
have  aided  in  various  ways.  The  deep  interest  felt  in  the  parish  by 
both  resident  and  temiwrary  parishioners,  the  stirring  services,  the  quaint 
building,  the  hallowed  associations  quickly  formed  by  so  many,  make  St. 
Saviour's  unique  among  the  many  places  of  worship  in  our  land. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CHURCH,  Washington,  D.C.  —  St.  Lukes  Church, 
Washington,  D.C,  is  a  congregation  of  colored  jjeople.  Up  to  1879  it  was 
known  as  St.  Mary's,  and  was  a  tlock  worshipping  in  a  Chapel  of  St.  John's 
Church  in  that  citv.     This  Church  came  into  existence  in   icS66  under  the 


St.   Luke's  Church,  Washington,  D.C. 


fostering  care  of  Rev.  C.  H.  Mall,  D.D.,  then  rector  of  the  Church  of  the 
Epiphany,  Washington.  Several  colored  people  were  then  members  of  his 
Church  :  and  at  the  close  of  the  war,  when  crowds  of  freedmen  filled  the 
capital,  their  numbers  were  increased.  In  order  to  meet  the  spiritual  needs  of 
these  people,  Dr.  Hall  established  "  cottage  meetings  "  in  different  sections 
of  the  city,  where  he  preached  and  prayed  with  different  companies  gathered 
in  private  rooms.  After  a  while  the  work  so  enlarged  that  the  desire  was 
e.xpressed  for  the  organization  of  a  Church  of  their  own.  At  this  time  Dr. 
Hall  was  joined  in  his  efforts  by  the  Rev.  J.  \'aughan  Lewis,  then  the  rector 
of  St.  John's  Church,  Washington.  The  oldest  documents  relating  to  this 
organization  are  dated  1866,  at  which  time  a  meeting  of  the  colored  mem- 
bers of  the  Church  of  the  Epiphany  was  held  in  the  vestry-room  of  said 
Church,  to  take  steps  for  the  purchase  of  a  lot  ujwn  which  to  erect  a  Church 
building  for  said  people. 

An  organization  of  colored  Churchmen  was  made :  and  soon  afterwards 
a   lot   on   Twentv-third    Street,  between    Ci    and  H.  was  donated    bv  Mrs. 


A'/iVG'S   IIAXDROOK  OF  EriSCO/'AL    CHURCHES.  I  79 

Parsons,  a  parishioner  of  St.  John's  Church,  and  a  frame  building  was  given 
by  Secretary  Stanton.  Several  clergymen  officiated  from  1867  to  1873.  The 
Rev.  Dr.  Alex.  Crummell  took  charge  of  the  congregation  on  June  15,  1873 
In  1874,  at  the  instance  of  Rev.  J.  V.  Lewis,  a  regular  canonical  organiza- 
tion was  effected,  and  a  vestry  elected,  and  the  thurch  was  admitted  to  the 
Diocesan  Convention. 

St.  Luke's  Church,  partially  finished,  was  opened  in  November,  1879,  for 
Divine  service  ;  and  a  migration  of  the  people  of  St.  Mary's  took  place  to 
the  new  Church  edifice.  During  the  rectorship  of  the  present  incumbent, 
St.  Luke's  Church  has  acquired  most  valuable  property  in  the  best  quarter 
of  the  capital,  on  f^ifteenth  Street,  near  P,  N.W.  The  site  is  a  block  of 
land,  with  an  alley  on  one  side,  and  Madison  Street  on  the  other,  facing 
Fifteenth  Street,  comprising  eighty-six  feet  front  and  one  hundred  feet  m 
depth.  The  Church  building  is  on  the  north  side  of  the  lot,  and  is  sixty 
feet  front  and  one  hundred  feet  in  depth.  The  remaining  portion  of  the  lot 
(some  twenty-six  feet  front)  is  held  in  reserve  for  a  Chapel.  The  whole 
value  of  the  property  is  estimated  at  forty-five  thousand  dollars  ;  but  it  has 
a  lien  upon  it  of  seven  thousand  dollars,  which  the  rector  and  people  are 
endeavoring  to  pay  off  during  the  current  year.  The  parish  has  nearly 
three  hundred  communicants,  and  about  one  hundred  and  thirty  persons  in 
its  Sunday  school. 

ST.  AUGUSTINE'S  CHAPEL,  New  York,  N.Y.  —  Whether  we  con- 
sider the  structure  itself,  or  the  work  for  which  it  was  designed,  St. 
Augustine's  commands  attention.  It  stands  on  Houston  Street,  between 
Second  Avenue  and  the  Bowery,  in  the  midst  of  a  neighborhood  given  up 
almost  entirely  to  the  poor,  and  abounding  in  the  criminal  classes.  Those 
to  whose  ears  the  sound  of  its  bell  is  most  familiar  are  the  laborer  and  his 
family,  living  m  the  high  tenement-house,  the  sewing-girls  in  dismal  garrets, 
the  people  who  swarm  the  crowded  Bowery  by  day  and  by  night,  and  the 
vicious,  who  find  this  neighborhood  a  congenial  resort.  It  is  not  a  pleasant 
field  for  those  who  seek  to  labor  among  cultured  and  gentle  folk,  but  Trinity 
Parish,  of  which  this  is  part,  regards  itself  as  having  a  mission  to  all  sorts 
and  conditions  of  men.  In  building  this  grand  structure  the  Parish  deter- 
mined that  nothing  should  be  left  undone  to  attract  the  poor  and  the  lowly, 
if  they  could  be  drawn  at  all.  The  building  consists  of  two  parts.  The 
ground  upon  which  it  stands  is  eighty-six  feet  in  front,  and  then  widens 
towards  the  rear  to  one  hundred  and  fifty  feet.  It  is  two  hundred  and  eighty 
feet  deep.  The  frontage  of  the  building  fills  all  the  space  on  that  street, 
coming  close  to  the  houses  on  each  side;  but  there  are  open  spaces  all 
around  the  rear,  which  are  beautifully  laid  out  with  grass  and  flower-beds. 
The  front  portion  is  the  Mission  House,  while  the  Chapel  is  in  the  rear. 


l.SO         A /AG'S   HA.XDIiOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHrRCJIES. 


St.   Augustine's  Chapel,   New  York.   NY. 


AViVG'S   IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHCKCIIES.  l8l 

The  tower  and  spire  in  front  run  up  to  a  height  of  two  hundred  and  seven 
feet,  and  terminate  in  a  cross,  which  at  night  is  lighted  by  electricity.  You 
pass  into  the  Chapel  through  a  broad  arched  way,  that  runs  through  the 
middle  of  the  first  story  of  the  Mission  House.  This  arched  way  is  beauti- 
fully paved,  lined  with  bricks  and  tiles,  and  heavily  timbered  overhead.     It 


Interior  St.   Augustine's  Chapel,  New  York,  N.Y. 


is  an  inviting  entrance  to  an  interior  even  more  attractive,  for  the  Chapel  is 
a  blaze  of  rich  colors,  and  abounds  in  graceful  outlines.  It  must  be  almost 
heavenly  to  those  whose  days  are  passed  in  the  squalor  of  tenement-houses, 
or  in  the  grime  and  dust  of  the  workshops.  When  lighted  up  and  warmed, 
we  can  well  fancy  how  the  weary  ones  outside  would  be  draw^n  by  its 
radiancy  and  comfort.  The  architect  of  the  building  has  certainly  suc- 
ceeded in  designing  an   interior  that  is  church-like,   convenient,  light,  and 


1 82  A'/ AG'S   HANDROOk'  OF  EJ'/SCO/'AL    C//rA'C//ES. 

Ijeautilul,  and  l)y  i)Ultin^  in  that  indescribable  something  wliich  makes  it 
satisfying  to  the  eye.  In  fact,  it  would  be  hard  to  excel  it  for  comfort, 
convenience,  and  cheerfulness,  and  these  were  the  three  things  the  archi- 
tect seems  to  have  sought.  "All  the  massive  roof-timbers  are  visible,  and 
are  of  a  mahogany  color,  picked  out  with  black.  Above  the  wainscot  a  wide 
space  of  dark  red,  somewhat  low  in  tone,  is  carried  up  about  eight  feet,  and 
thence  a  greenish  stone  color  reaches  to  the  ceiling,  wide  bands  of  elaborate 
design  separating  the  two  body  colors,  and  bringing  them  into  stronger 
relief.  The  color  of  the  choir  and  sanctuary  is  a  buff,  with  stencilled  pat- 
terns in  gold  and  yellow.  The  wainscoting,  pews,  and  chancel  furniture 
are  of  butternut.  The  carpets,  hassocks,  and  cushions  are  red,  and  the  gas- 
fixtures  arc  polished  brass." 

The  Chapel,  however,  is  only  a  i)art  of  the  building.  There  are  rooms 
and  rooms,  halls  and  halls,  in  an  almost  bewildering  number  and  variety,  for 
the  .Mission  House  has  five  floors.  On  the  first  floor  is  a  parish  room  and 
various  offices,  beside  the  archway.  On  the  second  is  a  great  hall,  seventy- 
nine  by  fifty-six  feet,  with  an  ash  ceiling  twenty  feet  high.  This  hall  is  used 
for  entertainments,  for  school  and  other  purposes.  On  the  next  floor  are 
the  guild-rooms,  and  class-rooms  for  the  day  school.  On  the  fourth  are 
schoolrooms,  and  rooms  for  the  clergy.  At  the  top  are  quarters  for  the 
janitor.  Electric  bells  and  speaking-tubes  and  steam-pipes  are  found  ev'ery- 
where,  so  that,  however  tall  the  building,  its  work  goes  smoothly  on.  In  the 
tower  a  great  tank,  holding  four  thousand  gallons  of  water,  provides  against 
loss  by  fire,  for  pipes  run  from  it  to  all  the  floors 

One  would  infer  that  such  conveniences  would  encourage  the  multipli- 
cation of  experiments,  and  it  is  so.  It  is  a  busy  place,  and  almost  bewilders 
a  stranger  who  would  keep  the  run  of  the  many  things  going  on  from 
Sunday  morning  to  Saturday  night.  In  addition  to  its  regular  Sunday 
services,  greatly  aided  I)y  its  vested  choir,  and  its  regular  Sunday-school 
and  Bible  classes,  the  mission  has  a  free  parish  day-school,  a  free  indus- 
trial school,  clothing  societies  for  the  poor,  and  other  societies  for  the 
welfare  of  the  young  ])eople.  The  clergyman  in  charge,  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Arthur  C.  Kimber,  seems  peculiarly  well  fitted  tor  his  work,  which  is  of  a 
very  arduous  and  delicate  cliaracter. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CHURCH,  Lebanon,  Penn.  —  Lebanon  is  a  city  of 
fifteen  thousand  inhabitants,  al)out  eighty  miles  northwest  of  Philadelphia 
and  a  hundred  and  twenty  west  of  New- York  City.  The  parish  dates  thirty 
years  back,  and  the  congregation  originallv  worshipped  in  a  small  brick 
Chapel,  now  used  as  a  .Sunday-school  room.  The  present  building  cost 
about  $120,000.  The  corner-stone  of  the  new  Church  was  laid  hv  the  Right 
Rev.   Dr.   Howe,    assisted    by  a    number    of    iie'ghl)oring    cler<;v,    Oct.    iS, 


A'ING\S   JIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    Cin'KCflES. 


iS- 


A.D.  1879,  being  the  P^east  of  St.  Luke  the  Evangelist;  and  the  consecra- 
tion was  performed  a  year  later  by  the  same  jjrelate,  Oct.  18,  1880,  assisted 
by  three  other  bishops,  twenty-four  clergy,  and  a  large  congregation.  The 
architect  of  the  building  was  Mr.  H.  M.  Congdon  of  New  York.  The  rector 
of  the  parish  is  the  Rev.  Chandler 
Hare  In  connection  witli  the  pari'^h 
is  a  parish  daj -school,  with  foui  teach 
ers  and  a  hundied  and  hltv  pupils, 
tuition  fiee  to  all  The  da}  school  build- 
ing  is   a   laige    buck    structure,    about 


St.  Luke's  Church,  Lebanon,  Penn. 


a  block  from  the  Church.  There  is  also  a  public  reading-room  open  every 
evening,  with  a  library  attached  to  it.  The  Church  Home,  erected  and 
chiefly  supported  by  this  Parish,  under  the  care  of  Rev.  A.  M.  Abel,  is 
situated  seven  miles  from  town,  and  has  twenty  orphans  in  its  charge. 
The  day-school  has  been  in  existence  eighteen  years,  the  reading-room 
since  A.D.  1881,  and  the  Church  Home  was  opened  in  December,  1881. 
The    new    Church    is_  mainly   built   of   native    blue-stone,   with    buttresses, 


I.S4  A/.\(^'.s    llAMJKOOK   Ol-    EJ'ISCOJ'AI.    Cin'RCI/KS. 

jambs,  and  coping  of  red  sandstone  and  white  Ohio  free-stone  for  trim- 
mings. The  Church  is  built  in  form  of  a  Latin  cross.  The  length  of  the 
building  on  the  outside  is  ii6  feet,  and  breadth  across  the  arms  75  feet. 
In  the  interior,  the  western  or  main  portion  of  the  cross  is  occupied 
bv  the  congregation,  being  stocked  with  four  rows  of  pews,  sixty  in 
number,  and  seating  about  three  hundred  persons;  the  north  arm  or  tran 
sept  is  filled  with  benches  for  the  young  people  ;  the  south  arm  or  transept 
is  fitted  up  as  a  baptistery,  with  a  font  raised  on  a  stone  platform,  and 
surrounded  by  benclics  on  three  sides;  and  the  east  end  is  reserved  for 
tiie  chancel  for  the  ministry.  The  chancel  is  very  large,  projecting  about 
sixteen  feet  into  the  main  Church,  and  extending  twenty-two  feet  in  the 
eastern  recess,  where  is  the  sanctuary  with  the  altar.  The  west  front  has 
a  very  fine  central  double  doorway,  deeply  recessed,  and  surmounted  by  a 
set  of  concentric  arches  supported  by  nine  polished  granite  columns.  The 
main  entrance  is  flanked  by  two  substantial  octagonal  turrets,  rising  to 
the  height  of  sixty-five  feet  from  the  pavement.  Above  tlie  portal  gable, 
and  occupying  almost  the  whole  space  between  these  flanking  turrets,  is  a 
large  rose  or  wheel  window,  eighteen  feet  in  diameter,  divided  by  seven 
mullions  or  stone  spokes  into  eight  compartments.  On  the  south,  on  the 
Chestnut-street  side,  the  tower,  twenty-two  feet  square,  is  situated,  being 
placed  in  the  angle  between  the  main  Ijuilding  and  south  transept.  The 
height  of  the  tower  is  eighty-five  feet  from  the  pavement,  and  at  its  east 
side,  against  the  transept,  has  a  tower-turret  rising  a  hundred  and  two  feet, 
in  which  is  situated  the  tower  staircase,  and  from  which  there  is  an  entrance 
at  each  stage  into  the  tower.  Both  turret  and  tower  terminate  in  a  pierced 
battlement  of  massive  red  sandstone.  The  vestry  or  robing-room  for  the 
clergy  is  set  in  the  angle  between  the  south  transept  and  chancel,  and 
the  library  in  the  angle  between  the  cliancel  and  the  north  transept.  A  low 
ambulatory  or  cloister,  extending  around  the  rear  of  the  chancel,  connects 
by  a  passage  these  two  rooms  together.  The  vestry  and  library  are  each 
large  rooms,  nineteen  by  eleven  feet,  and  the  cloister  is  a  polygonal  passage- 
way about  eight  feet  broad  by  sixty  feet  in  length.  The  ridge  of  the  roof 
is  fifty-syx  feet  from  the  pavement,  and  fortv-eight  feet  above  tiie  water- 
table,  and  rests  on  low  side  walls.  The  roof  extends  in  one  line  to  these 
walls,  being  broken  by  large  dormer  or  clere-story  windows.  The  heavy 
stone-work  of  these  dormers,  together  with  a  large  part  of  the  weight  of 
the  roof,  rests  on  stone  arches,  springing  from  large  granite  columns  in  the 
Church,  which  rows  of  columns,  about  eight  feet  inside  from  the  walls, 
divide  the  Church  into  nave  and  side-aisles.  The  roof  is  covered  with  peach- 
blossom  blue  slate,  very  little  red  slate  being  used.  Underneath  the  slating 
is  laid  double  asphalt  felting,  and  beneath  this  is  ])ine-roofing  with  a  space 
of  two  inclu'S  between   the  latter  and  the  oak  ceiling  of  the  Church.     The 


A'/A-G\S   HAADBOOK   of  El'JSCOrAL    CHURCHES.  1 85 

tower  being  placed  so  near  tlie  middle  line  of  the  building,  and  the  roofs 
of  nave  and  transepts  all  coining  together  near  this  point,  the  effect  is  very 
good  as  of  a  building  well  grouped  about  a  centre.  On  the  south  side  of 
the  tower,  a  fountain  with  a  very  massive  bowl  of  Ohio-stone  is  erected 
in  the  wall,  typical  of  the  waters  of  the  holy  gospel ;  and  inside  the  tower,  in 
the  open  vestibule  on  the  wall,  about  eight  feet  from  the  floor,  is  set  a  large 
memorial  tablet  to  St.  Luke  the  Evangelist,  in  commemoration  of  whose 
virtues  and  services  to  the  Church  of  God  the  Churcli  is  named.  This 
tablet  is  of  Ohio-stone,  with  Champlain-marble  pillars  each  side,  and  sur- 
mounted by  a  miniature  gable  with  a  cross  above  it.  On  the  stone  slab  the 
inscription  reads  :  — 

TO    THE   GLORY   OF 

GOD 

AND    IN    MEMORY  OF 

HIS   SERVANT, 

ST.    LUKE   EVANGELIST 

"The  brother  whose  praise  is  in  the  gospel 

throughout  the  Churches   ' 

The  masonrv  and  all  the  other  work  of  this  edifice  are  of  the  most  massive 
aaid  enduring  character.  Wood  is  very  little  used,  and  that  of  the  hard- 
est and  most  substantial  kind.  The  floors  are  tiled,  and  laid  in  mortar. 
Every  thing  that  can  attract  or  feed  fire  is  avoided.  Ever}-  protection 
against  decay  from  the  blasts  of  the  elements,  of  wind  and  weather,  has 
been  enlisted. 

Entering  the  Church,  the  observer  is  struck  with  the  same  substantial 
reality  and  completeness  of  detail  gotten  from  an  outside  view.  No  paint, 
no  plaster,  and  no  superficial  ornament  or  tinsel  are  to  be  found  overlaying 
anv  thing,  but  on  everv  side  hard  wood  and  brick  and  stone,  and  where  orna- 
ment is  developed,  which  is  very  largely,  it  is  always,  whether  in  coloring 
or  shape,  developed  in  the  substance  of  the  material.  The  stone  and  wood 
are  carved  deeply,  and  the  patterns  and  colors  of  the  brick  and  tiles  belong 
to  each  piece.  The  altar  is  not  set  against  the  east  wall,  but  stands  out  on 
the  chord  of  the  apse,  so  as  to  be  thrown  forward  in  full  view  of  the  people. 
The  rise  to  this  is  by  two  steps  and  a  pace,  and  back  of  the  altar  is  a  hand- 
some oaken  screen  orreredos  in  three  divisions  corresponding  in  inclination 
with  the  apsidal  shape  of  the  chancel  wall  behind.  The  three  chancel  win- 
dows have  double  lights  with  stone  mullions  in  the  middle.  The  roof  is  an 
open  oak  roofing,  all  e.xposed  to  view,  and  showing  a  very  fine  finish,  the 
eight  principal  rafters  of  the  nave  resting  partly  on  the  nave  wall  and  granite 
columns  and  partly  on  the  side  or  aisle  walls.  These  are  set  on  carved 
Ohio-stone  corbels  projecting  from  the  nave  and  aisle  walls.  The  walls  are 
finished  off  all  around  in  a  broad  oaken  cornice  about  eighteen  inches  wide, 
and  notched  along  its  upper  length.     The  interior  walls  are  separated  by  a 


I  86  A/.VO'S   //AXDJiOOA-   O/-    /i/'/SC'O/'.l /,    CIIL'RCHES. 

two-inch  air-space  from  the  stone  walls,  to  which  they  are  bonded  by  occa- 
sional bricks  or  irons.  This  air-space  protects  from  all  dampness  in  winter, 
and  makes  the  building  cool  in  summer.  The  walls  are  built  of  Peerless 
brick,  a  brick  manufactured  especially  for  interior  and  ornamental  uses. 
These  l)rick,  about  one  hundred  thousand  of  which  are  used  in  the  edifice, 
are  in  three  colors  —  red,  chocolate,  and  buff.  There  is  a  course  of  interior 
Ohio-stone  along  the  base  of  the  wall,  at  the  line  of  the  windows,  and  at  other 
lines  of  the  wall.  The  chocolate  brick  is  used  mostly  in  the  lower  part  of 
the  wall,  and  the  lighter  colors  higher  up,  the  buff  being  employed  altogether 
ill  the  ujjper  portions  of  the  wall.  -All  tiie  wintlow  sills  and  jambs  are  of  the 
Ohio-stone,  drove-worked,  and  with  a  broad  splay  in  toward  the  Church,  so 
as  to  diffuse  the  light.  The  window  frames  and  mullions  are  also  of  stone, 
into  which  the  glass  and  lead  of  the  windows  are  let.  St.  Luke's  Church 
has  several  points  of  interest  in  tiling,  carving,  and  furniture,  peculiar  in  this 
part  of  the  country,  which  are  worthy  of  attention.  All  the  pavements  of 
the  three  alleys  of  the  new  Church,  also  the  whole  of  the  two  transepts  and 
the  chancel,  together  with  the  tower  external  vestibule,  are  laid  in  colored 
tiles  from  Valencia  in  Spain. 

The  eagle  lectern  is  made  of  polished  bronze,  and  stands  about  six  feet 
high.  It  rests  on  a  heavy  stone  cross  as  its  foot,  of  bluish  marble,  laid 
horizontally  on  the  pavement.  The  altar  is  of  carved  oak,  three  feet  and  a 
quarter  high,  the  front  i)eing  in  three  panels  of  diapered  work.  The  altar- 
top,  or  7/teiisa,  is  a  large  slab  of  bluish  marble,  eight  and  one-half  feet  by 
two  and  one-quarter  feet,  with  Italian-marble  crosses  sunk  in  near  the  four 
corners  and  in  the  centre.  The  altar-screen,  set  immediately  back  of  the 
altar,  and  about  four  feet  from  the  east  wall,  consists  of  five  panels,  two  on 
each  side  of  a  central  one. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  REDEEMER.  Bryn  Mawr.  —  Bryn  Mawr,  a  few 
miles  out  from  Philadelphia,  has  grown  to  be  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of 
the  suburbs.  \  great  many  fine  residences  have  been  built,  and  the  place 
has  become  very  attractive  to  people  of  refinement.  The  Church  has  pros- 
pered with  this  increase  of  population ;  and  one  result  has  been  the  con- 
struction of  a  handsome  stone  edifice,  after  plans  jjiepared  by  Mr.  Charles 
-M.  Burns,  jun.,  architect,  Philadolpliia.  The  building  is  situated  on  the 
highest  point  of  land  in  the  neighborhood,  and  so  becomes  a  prominent 
object  in  all  directions.  The  walls  are  of  gray  Fairmount  stone,  with  trim- 
mings of  white  and  black  bricks.  There  are  a  nave,  aisles,  chancel,  and 
tower,  the  latter  being  very  massive,  but  with  pleasant  outlines.  The  inte- 
rior walls  are  not  plastered,  but  are  lined  with  bricks  of  buff,  red,  white,  and 
black  colors.  The  clere-story  arches  are  of  bricks,  and  rest  upon  granite 
and  brick  coluinns.  tlie  baiuls  and  caijit.ds  of  marble.      The  cleruv-stalls  and 


K/NG'S   HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


187 


pulpit  are  of  oak.  The  altar  and  reredos  are  panelled  with  tiles,  and  are  a 
memorial  of  the  Rev.  Edward  S.  Lycett,  rector  from  1856-78.  The  rood- 
screen  is  thought  to  be  one  of  the  finest  pieces  of  metal-work  ever  done  in 


Church   of  the  Redeemer,  Bryn  Mawr. 


this  country.     The  Church  will  seat  about  five  hundred  persons,  the  seats 
being  comfortably  arranged  with  plenty  of  space  for  kneeling. 

The  churchyard  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Stevens  at  the  same  time 
the  Church  was  consecrated,  Oct.  6,  1881.  In  this  churchyard  is  a  fine 
Ionic  cross,  in  memory  of  JMr.  Charles  Wheeler,  once  a  vestryman  of  this 


iSS 


A'/AO'S   HAXDHOOK   OF  Er/SCOPAL    CIICKCIIES. 


parish.  It  is  a  monolith  ol'  Indiana  oolite,  and  stands  twelve  feet  above  the 
ground.  In  addition  to  the  Church  and  cemetery,  the  parish  has  a  Rectory, 
a  school  building,  and  a  house  for  the  sexton.  All  the  buildings  are  of  the 
same  material,  and  are  so  constructed  as  to  present  a  very  harmonious  effect. 
Tiic  present  rector  of  tiie  parish  is  the  Rev.  James  Haughton. 


CHRIST  CHURCH,  Danville,  Penn.,  Memorial  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Peter 
Baldy.  —   This    has  been    pronounced   one  of    the   most    satisfactory  parish 

Churches  in  the 
United  States. 
The  architect  was 
Mr.  Henry  M. 
Congdon  of  New 
York.  The  style 
is  the  English 
Gothic  of  the  four- 
teenth century. 
Tiie  length  is  one 
umdred   feet,   and 


the  width  across 
tlie  transepts  is 
eighty  feet.  The 
nave  and  aisles 
together  are  forty- 
four  feet,  and  the 
transepts  thirty 
feet.  The  tower 
is  twenty-six  feet 
square  inside.  It 
has  heavy  battle- 
ments surmounted 
by  a  p  y  r  a  m  i  d  a  1 

roof,  having  clock  faces  on  its  four  sides,  and  is  surmounted  by  an  iron 
cross.  The  extreme  height  is  one  hundred  and  tifty  feet.  Supporting 
l)iittress-like  the  north-east  corner  of  the  tower,  is  an  ornamental  octagonal 


Christ  Church,  Danville,   Penn. 


A'/NG'S  HAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  1 89 

turret  up  to  the  bell-deck,  and  containing  a  spiral  staircase.  The  choristers' 
room  is  at  the  north  of  the  chancel,  and  has  over  it  a  space  opening  by 
an  archway  into  the  chancel.  This  space  is  intended  for  an  orchestra  on 
great  festal  occasions.  The  organ  is  built  in  a  corresponding  space  on  the 
south  side,  with  some  of  the  pipes  towards  the  nave,  and  others  on  a  heavy 
bracket  towards  the  chancel.  The  tower,  supporting  th©  lantern,  rests 
upon  four  massive  piers,  each  five  feet  square,  and  rising  up  into  four  great 
arches.  The  stone  used  for  the  building  is  from  the  Shickshinny  quarries, 
resembling  the  Westerly  granite  ;  and  the  dressed  work  is  from  the  Far- 
randsville  quarries.  All  the  windows  are  of  rich  tracery,  cut  in  Ohio-stone, 
the  glass  being  leaded  into  the  stone  without  wood-work.  The  walls  inside 
are  of  buff  bricks,  relieved  by  a  few  bands  of  red.  No  plaster  is  used. 
The  tower  piers  are  also  of  red  and  buff  bricks,  banded  with  slabs  of 
Wyoming  blue-stone.  The  arches  are  of  bricks,  with  voussoirs  and  keys  of 
Ohio-stone.  The  sacrarium  occupies  the  head  of  the  cross.  The  choir  is 
on  a  platform  extending  under  the  lantern.  A  heavy  timbered  rood-screen 
divides  the  choir  from  the  sacrarium.  The  reredos  has  four  gables  upon 
as  many  pillars  of  wood,  with  brass  rods  for  dosel  hangings.  The  win- 
dows are  filled  with  beautiful  rich  glass.  On  the  north  side  of  the  west 
entrance  is  the  baptistery,  containing  a  richly  carved  font  of  Caen-stone. 
On  the  opposite  side  is  a  marble  tablet,  supported  between  two  pillars  of 
pink  marble,  inscribed  as  follows:  "To  the  glory  and  worship  of  Almighty 
God,  and  in  honor  of  his  only  Son,  Christ  the  Lord,  this  Church  is  built  by 
the  pious  bequest  of  His  servant,  Peter  Baldy,  for  nearly  fifty  years  Senior 
Warden  of  this  parish,  and  as  a  memorial  of  him  and  Sarah  Hurley,  his 
wife."  The  entire  cost,  except  the  gift  of  the  altar-cross,  was  defrayed 
within  the  Baldy  familv,  being  not  far  from  one  hundred  thousand  dollars. 
The  aisles  contain  no  seats,  being  left  as  ambulatories.  The  seating 
capacity  in  the  nave  and  transepts  is  for  five  hundred ;  all  the  seats  have  a 
full  view  of  the  altar.  The  acoustic  properties  of  the  building  are  perfect, 
and  particular  attention  was  given  to  the  requirements  for  the  musical  ser- 
vices which  have  been  so  prominent  a  feature  in  this  parish  for  many  years. 
The  vested  choir  is  the  oldest  in  the  State,  and  of  marked  efficiency.  When 
in  festal  occasions,  its  forty  voices  were  supported  by  the  large  organ  and 
the  parish  orchestra,  the  effects  were  magnificent. 

The  corner-stone  was  laid  on  St.  John  Baptist's  Day,  June  24,  1881  ; 
and  the  Church  was  consecrated  at  Easter-tide,  1883,  by  Bishop  Howe. 
The  rector  of  the  parish  at  the  time  of  the  construction  of  the  building 
was  the  Rev.  J.  iMilton  Peck,  whose  active  interest  and  wise  counsels  had 
so  much  to  do  with  its  success.  The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  James  L. 
Maxwell. 


IQO  A'/ JVC'S  IlAXDfWOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  CHURCH,  Lynn,  Mass.  —  Lynn,  a  few  miles  from 
Boston,  is  a  busy  manufacturing  i)lace,  employing  many  workers  in  its  boot 
and  shoe  factories. 

When  the  first  jjarish  was  organized  in  Lynn,  in  1S19,  it  was  known  as 
St.  John's  Church.  In  1S34  there  was  a  re-organization  under  the  name  of 
Christ  Church,#and  finally,  in  1844,  it  became  St.  Stephen's.  In  this  year 
it  was  incorporated,  some  of  the  corporators  being  prominent  Church  people 
of  Boston  and  elsewhere,  who  spent  their  summers  here.  For  twenty  years 
the  number  of  resident  Churchmen  was  small,  and  but  few  of  them  in  a 
condition  to  do  any  thing  in  a  pecuniary  way  beyond  what  the  most  common 
necessities  required,  and  so  the  parish  had  to  rely  largely  upon  the  assistance 
received  from  friendly  non-resident  Churchmen. 

As  Lynn  increased  in  population  after  the  war,  the  prospects  of  the  parish 
began  to  brighten,  but  it  remained  for  Mr.  Enoch  R.  Mudge  to  lift  it  up  to  a 
condition  of  highest  prominence  and  of  greatly  enlarged  usefulness.  It  is 
not  doing  injustice  to  the  valuable  efforts  of  others,  to  speak  thus  of  what 
this  generous  Christian  gentleman  did  for  St.  Stephen's. 

The  parish,  for  a  long  time,  occupied  an  old  frame  building  which  had 
grown  rather  dilapidated.  Mr.  Mudge  at  first  offered  to  put  it  in  repair,  but 
finally  proposed  to  build  a  new  Church  at  his  own  expense,  provided  the 
parish  would  secure  a  suitable  lot.  His  original  intention  was  to  construct 
a  neat,  comfortable  parish  Church,  to  cost,  perhaps,  $40,000.  The  outcome 
was  the  present  noble  structure,  which,  with  its  adornments,  has  cost  about 
$250,000. 

The  corner-stone  was  laid  by  Bishop  Paddock,  May  19,  18S1,  and  the 
consecration  took  place  Nov.  2,  1881.  It  was  expected  that  this  consecration 
service  would  be  the  first  held  in  tlie  new  building,  but  on  the  5th  of  Octo- 
ber it  was  opened  for  the  burial  of  its  noble  donor.  Tliat  which  he  had 
builded  as  a  memorial  for  others,  thus  became  his  own  monument.  His 
remains,  with  those  of  his  wife  and  their  two  children  Charles  Redington 
and  Fanny  Olive,  now  repose  in  the  garth  between  the  Church  and  the 
Chapel.  The  son,  partly  in  whose  memory  Mr.  Mudge  intended  this  struc- 
ture, was  Lieut.-Col.  C.  R.  Mudge  of  the  Second  Massachusetts  Infantry,  who 
died  at  Gettysburg  July  3,  1863.  The  rector  of  the  parish,  at  the  time  of  the 
building  of  the  Church,  was  the  Rev.  Louis  DeCormis.  He  was  succeeded 
by  the  Rev.  Dr.  F.  L.  Norton,  the  present  rector. 

The  architects  of  the  building  were  Ware  &  Van  Brunt  of  Boston.  The 
materials  used  are  red  granite,  with  facings  and  angles  of  red  brick,  with 
weatherings  and  carvings  of  Nova-Scotia  free-stone. 

The  plan  of  the  Church  proper  is  in  the  form  of  a  Latin  cross,  the  apse 
facing  the  east;  but  the  spaces  in  tlie  angles  of  this  cross  are  covered  by 
aisle  roofs,  so  that  the  whole  area  is  included  in  the  bodv  of  the  building, 


A'/iVG'S  HAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


191 


thus  presenting  a  rectangular  auditorium  sixty-eight  feet  from  north  to  south, 
and  ninety  feet  from  the  west  wall  to  the  arch  of  the  apse.  The  nave  and 
transepts  are  severally  forty  feet  wide,  and  the  latter  are  twelve  and  a  half 
feet  deep,  the  angles  of  the  central  crossing  being  marked  by  four  clustered 
stone  piers,  from  the  capitals  of  which  spring  open  timber  trusses  of  Georgia 
pine,  across  nave  and  transepts  and  diagonally  supporting  the  roof,  which  is 
visible  in  its  structure  to  the  apex.     The  two  aisle  spaces  on  the  west  are 


aUHIimiDl 


iiiniiiiniiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinnniinniiinnnniiiijiinniiniM^^ 


St.  Stephen's  Church,  Lynn,   Mass. 


occupied,  the  one  as  a  baptistery  and  the  other  as  a  memorial  to  the  children 
of  I\Ir.  Mudge ;  in  the  corresponding  spaces  on  the  east  are  the  organ  and 
the  sacristy.  The  tower,  which  is  twenty-two  feet  square  and  one  hundred 
and  thirty  feet  high,  without  a  spire,  stands  on  the  north-west  corner,  the 
lower  story  serving  as  the  principal  porch  of  the  Church,  the  second  as  a 
chamber,  furnished  as  a  study  for  the  rector,  and  the  upper  two-thirds  as  a 
belfry  with  open  windows.  These  chambers  are  accessible  by  stairs,  wind- 
ing in  a  circular  turret  attached  to  the  east  side  of  the  tower.  The  tower  is 
finished  with  steep  gables  on  the  north  and  south  sides,  enriched  with 
pinnacles   and   crockets,  and   surmounted   on   the   north   gable   by  a  crOoS. 


19-  A'/.VC'S  //.l.V/)/iOOA'   OF   EJ'/SCOrAf.    ClIiKCHES. 

From  the  tower  porcli  the  main  approach  to  the  interior  is  by  an  arch  open- 
inj^  into  an  ambulatory  running  along  the  west  wall  and  separated  from  the 
Clnirch  proper  by  an  ash  panelled  screen  eight  feet  high,  glazed  with  white 
glass  and  jewels,  and  pierced  by  three  doorways  opening  into  the  central 
and  the  two  side  aisles.  This  ambulatory  is  paved  with  tiles.  The  floors 
are  tinished  with  i)olishL'(l  parquetry,  and  the  pews  are  of  simple  design  with 
carved  heads.  They  will  accommodate  si.x  hundred  worshippers,  all  having 
full  view  of  the  service  at  the  altar.  The  choir  occupies  the  space  in  the 
east  arm  of  the  cross  :  it  is  forty-four  feet  wide  and  twenty  feet  deep,  and  is 
raised  eighteen  inches  above  the  floor  of  the  nave,  from  which  it  is  separated 
by  a  low  rood-wall  of  stone,  pierced  in  the  centre,  and  by  the  great  stone 
arch  of  the  choir :  this  latter  is  flanked  on  cither  side  by  half-arches  cover- 
i.ig  the  organ  screen  on  one  side  and  the  sacristry  screen  on  the  other,  the 
whole  visible  east  wall  of  the  Church  being  thus  occupied  by  a  great  trefoil 
arch  the  entire  width  of  the  building.  A  wrought-iron  rood-screen  has  latelv 
been  erected  on  the  top  of  tlie  rood-wall.  The  furniture  of  the  choir  is  com- 
posed of  canopied  clergy-stalls,  and  choir-stalls,  with  accommodations  for 
thirty-six  choristers.  These  stalls,  together  with  the  buffet  of  the  organ  in 
two  faces,  the  sacristry  screens,  and  the  pulpit,  are  of  dark  oak,  richly  carved. 
The  lectern  is  of  wrought  brass.  The  apse  is  semi-circular,  is  separated 
from  the  choir  by  a  stone  arch,  and  is  surrounded  by  an  aisle,  which  is 
divided  from  the  sanctuary  by  a  screen  of  seven  stone  arches,  supported  by 
polished  New-Brunswick  red  granite  columns.  This  aisle  is  paved  with 
slabs  of  free-stone,  and  the  sanctuary  with  tiles  and  a  Roman  mosaic  pave- 
ment in  front  of  the  altar.  The  altar  rests  upon  a  broad  stone  foot-pace 
approached  by  three  stone  steps,  and  is  of  Caen-stone  enriched  with  the 
Agnus  Dei  and  adoring  seraphim  in  the  three  front  panels,  and  with  other 
sculptured  emblems.  In  front  is  a  kneeling-rail  of  wrought  brass.  The 
dome  of  the  sanctuary  is  of  gilded  wood  ;  the  roof-frame  throughout  is  of 
Georgia  pine,  and  visii)le;  it  is  slieathed  with  stained  and  decorated  pine, 
and  covered  with  an  embroidery  of  heavily  cusped  and  moulded  ribs.  The 
trusses  are  hammer-beam  trusses  coupled,  the  timber-heads  being  carved  as 
angels,  and  from  each  hangs  a  lamp  of  antique  brass.  In  the  choir  are  two 
massive  coronas  of  the  same  material.  The  extreme  height  of  the  nave 
within  is  forty-nine  feet.  On  the  soutli  side  of  the  Church,  and  approached 
from  it  by  two  cloisters,  enclosing  an  ojjen  garth  or  area,  is  the  Chapel 
building,  one  hundred  and  two  feet  by  thirty-four  feet,  with  infant-school  and 
library,  and  the  other  usual  appointments.  There  is  a  large  parish  parlor 
over  the  infant-school,  and  in  the  basement  a  series  of  furnished  apartments, 
mainly  for  the  charitable  offices  of  the  Society,  with  a  separate  entrance 
from  the  rear.  The  windows  of  the  main  Church  are  tilled  with  a  double 
glazing  (if  a  verv  brilliant  opalescent  and  jewelled  glass,  forming  pictures  of 


A'/NG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


193 


transparent  ^mosaic  without  the  touch  of  the  painter's  brush.  The  south 
window  is  decorated  with  "The  Annunciation,"  and  the  north  with  "The 
Ascension"  —  the  beginning  and  close  of  the  life  of  Christ.  The  west  win- 
dow is  emblazoned  with  the  story  of  St.  Stephen :  the  other  windows  are 
occupied  with  conventional  decorative  forms  of  the  same  material.  The 
interior  facing  of  the  Church  walls  is  of  dressed  free-stone  from  Nova-Scotia 
quarries. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  HOLY  SPIRIT,  New  York,  N.Y.  —  The  visitor 
to  New-York  City,  as  he  passes  along  the  upper  section,  will  be  attracted  by 
several  buildings  having  very  marked  char- 
acteristics, and  bearing  evidence  of  being 
the  work  of  the  same  architect.  This 
architect  is  Mr.  R.  H.  Robinson  of  New 
York,  and  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit  is 
one  of  these  very  sti iking  edifices.  What- 
ever any  one's  preferences  for  some  other 
style  of  architecture  for  ecclesiastical  uses 
may  be,  he  must  admit  that  Mr.  Robinson 


Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  New  York,  N.Y. 


has  succeeded  in  erecting  a  building  that  is  decidedly  religious  in  its  gen- 
eral tone  and  in  all  its  features.  Beside  this  it  is  most  admirably  fitted 
for  its  sacred  uses.     The  best  possible  use  has  been  made  of  the  avail- 


•94 


A7X0"S   I/AXDIWOK   OF  EPISCOPAl.    CI/UKCHES. 


able  land,  for  there  are,  beside  the  large  Church,  seating  nearly  a  thou- 
sand, a  chantry  and  a  rectory.  The  stone  walls  are  of  a  brownish  tint, 
relieved  by  horizontal  courses  of  stones  of  a  lighter  hue.  The  interior  is 
most  agreeable  because  of  the  harmonious  coloring  and  the  combination 
of  graceful  outlines.  But  this  parish  is  not  remarkable  simply  for  having 
a  group  of  such  effective  buildings.  Much  more  remarkable  is  the  fact  that 
ten  years  ago  there  were  no  buildings,  no  parish,  and  no  congregation. 

The  Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit  was  not  organized  until  187S.  The 
rector,  the  Rev.  Edmund  Guilbert,  gathered  the  nucleus  of  a  congregation 
in  that  year,  and  effected  a  parish  organization.  To-day  the  parish  has  one 
of  the  best  locations  in  all  the  city,  a  group  of  fine  buildings,  a  large 
congregation,  and  some  very  effective   parochial  societies. 

The  statistics  for  1886  show  450  communicants,  442  Sunday-school 
teachers  and  scholars,  and  offerings  amounting  to  nearly  J  17,000,  devoted 
to  numerous  objects,  and  a  pew-rental  of  over  f  14,000.  There  are  five 
services  on  Sunday,  one  of  which  is  a  beautiful  choral  service  in  the  after- 
noon, at  which  some  most  elaborate  music  is  rendered,  under  the  direction 
of  Le  Jeune  the  well-known  musician. 

CHRIST    CHURCH,    Portsmouth,    N.H On     Sept.    3,     1868,     Mr. 

George  Massey  .Marsh  of  I'ortsmouth  executed  his  last  will  and  testament, 


in    which,    after   sundry 

part  of   his  property  to  I 

purchase  a  suitable   lot  A 

city  of  Portsmouth,  N.H.,         §H__ 

Church,    to     be    callcrl        '- 

for  the  worship   of   Al  7?^ 

mightv      God,     Father,    i||P'jiJi 


legacies,  he  bequeathed  the  greater 
trustees  for  the  following  use:  "To 
of  land  in  tlie  westerly  part  of  the 
and  to  build  thereon  a  stone  or  brick 
Christ   Church,  and  to  be  used  solely 


Christ  Church,   Portsmouth,  N.H. 


Son,  and  Holy  Ghost,  according  to  the  doctrines  and  discipline  of  the 
Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  United  States  of  America,  and  for 
no  other  i)urpose  whatever." 


A'lA'G'S  IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  195 

On  Nov.  19,  1878,  Mr.  Marsh  departed  this  life  ;  and  shortly  afterwards 
the  trustees  appointed  by  the  will,  with  their  successors,  began  the  fulfilment 
of  the  sacred  duties  intrusted  to  them.  Mr.  Henry  M.  Congdon  of  New- 
York  was  appointed  architect  of  the  building,  and,  upon  the  acceptance  of 
his  plans  by  the  trustees,  proposals  for  the  work  were  invited  by  advertise- 
ment, and  the  contract  awarded  to  Messrs.  Jeans  and  Taylor  of  New  York. 
The  work  was  done  with  care  and  thoroughness,  and  the  Church  completed 
in  the  autumn  of  1882.  It  is  in  the  Early  English  Pointed  style,  with  a 
massive  tower  containing  a  chime  of  nine  bells.  The  interior  is  light, 
roomy,  and  cheerful.  The  choir  is  ample  in  size,  and  the  chancel  well 
elevated,  with  an  excellent  reredos.  The  Parish  Building  annexed  has 
abundant  conveniences  in  sacristy,  choir-room,  guild-roiim,  and  Sunday- 
school  room. 

The  parish  was  organized  according  to  the  laws  of  the  State  of  New 
Hampshire,  on  March  25,  18S3;  and  on  April  10  of  the  same  year.  Rev. 
Henry  E.  Hovey,  rector  of  St.  John's  Church,  Portsmouth,  was  also  elected 
rector  of  Christ  Church,  the  two  congregations  being  virtually  the  same. 
On  St.  John  Baptist's  Day,  1883,  falling  on  a  Sunday,  the  choir  of  men 
and  boys,  with  the  unanimous  approval  of  the  congregation,  appeared  in 
surplices,  being  the  first  surpliced  choir  in  the  Diocese.  And  on  July  3  of 
the  same  year,  by  the  Right  Rev.  William  Woodruff  Niles,  D.D.,  Bishop 
of  the  Diocese,  the  Church  was  consecrated  to  the  worship  of  Almight}' 
God,  in  the  presence  of  a  large  number  of  clergy  and  laity  from  all  parts 
of  the  land;  the  day  being  chosen  because  it  was  the  day  preceding  the 
decennial  gathering  of  the  Sons  of  Portsmouth  in  the  city  of  their  birth. 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  CHURCH,  "Wilkes-Barre,  Penn.,  Diocese  of  Central 
Pennsylvania.  —  The  city  of  Wilkes-Barre  is  situated  in  the  far-famed 
Wyoming  Valley,  with  a  population  of  forty  thousand.  It  is,  however,  the 
centre  of  a  population  of  one  hundred  thousand  souls,  there  being  within 
a  radius  of  three  miles  from  the  Wilkes-Barre  court-house  eight  incorpo- 
rated boroughs,  with  a  population  ranging  from  two  thousand  to  ten  thousand 
each.  In  this  valley,  twenty  miles  long  by  five  wide,  there  are  ten  Episcopal 
Churches  and  mission  stations,  of  which  six  are  under  the  fostering  care  of 
St.  Stephen's  Church.  St.  Stephen's  Church  has  had  an  organized  exist- 
ence of  seventy-one  years.  The  Rev.  Bernard  Page,  of  the  Church  of 
England,  ordained  by  the  Lord  Bishop  of  London  for  "Wyoming  Parish, 
Pennsylvania,"  Aug.  24,  1772,  was  the  first  Protestant  Episcopal  minister 
to  officiate  in  this  section.  Owing  to  the  great  political  disturbances  of 
that  date,  Mr.  Page  did  not  long  remain  in  the  valley,  but  retired  to 
Virginia,  where  he  ministered  as  assistant  to  Rev.  Bryan,  Lord  Fairfax. 
No  other  minister  of  the  Church  is  known  to  have  visited  these  parts  until 


196  A/.VO'S   llAXDHOOK   Ol-    EP/SCO/'A K    CHURCHES. 

1.S14,  wlicn  that  "  Ajjostlc  of  tlie  Nortli-West/'  Right  Rev.  Jackson  Kemper, 
D  D.,  then  chairman  of  tlie  Committee  on  Missions  in  the  Diocese  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  assistant  to  Bisiiop  Wliite,  held  Divine  service  in  the  old 
VVilkes-Harre  Academy,  and  stirred  up  the  Churcli  people  of  the  village 
of  Wilkes-Harre.  The  first  baptism  recorded  was  performed  by  him  Dec.  8, 
1.S14.  No  definite  steps  were  taken  to  organize  a  parish  until  Sept.  19,  1817, 
when  tiie  Church  people  met  together,  and  elected  the  first  vestry  of  St. 
Stephen's  Church,  applied  for  a  charter,  which  was  granted  Oct.  7,  1817,  and 
engaged  the  services  of  the  Rev.  Richard  Shar|)e  Mason,  D.D..  then  in  dea- 
con's orders.  Among  the  subsequent  rectors  of  the  parish  were  the  Rev. 
Samuel  Bowman,  who  became  the  assistant  bishop  of  Pennsylvania,  the  Rev. 
Dr.  James  May,  so  well  known  in  later  years  as  a  professor  in  the  Virginia 
Seminary,  and  the  Rev.  George  D.  Miles.  In  1874  the  Rev.  Henry  L.  Jones 
became  the  rector,  and  during  the  fourteen  years  of  his  rectorate  the  Church 
has  kept  pace  with  the  town,  which  has  quadrupled  its  population  in  that 
period.  During  the  past  four  years  the  contrilnitions  have  averaged  twenty 
thousand  dollars  a  year.  To  carry  on  its  extensive  mission  work  in  the 
vicinity,  the  rector  has  three  assistants,  and  the  parish  aids  in  supporting  six- 
mission  churches  and  Sunday  schools  within  the  limits  of  the  Wyoming 
-Valley.  Five  years  ago  the  increased  attendance  at  St.  Stephen's  Church 
was  such  as  again  to  necessitate  the  enlargement  of  the  building  consecrated 
in  1855.  With  tlie  vestry,  to  resolve  was  to  act,  and  the  work  was  immedi- 
atelv  begun  under  Charles  M.  Burns,  architect,  Piiilade'phia,  and  M.  B. 
Houpt,  builder,  Wilkes-Barre.  The  old  Parish  Church  of  St.  Stephen's 
was  what  has  been  flippantly  termed  a  "double-decker."  —  a  high  basement 
below,  used  for  Sunday-school  purposes,  and  approached  by  a  flight  of  out- 
side and  inside  steps,  tiirough  a  central  tower,  and  an  upper  story  forming 
what  is  popularly  termed  the  auditorium. 

The  change  which,  in  the  last  four  vears,  has  been  eft'ected  in  this 
arrangement,  is  so  great  tliat  a  stranger  might  be  pardoned  for  not  recog- 
nizing the  remodelled  structure.  The  basement  was  abandoned,  and  the 
floor  of  the  auditorium  dropped  six  feet.  On  the  vacant  lot  in  the  rear  of 
the  Church  was  built  a  commodious  and  convenient  parish  building,  con- 
taining all  that  is  needful  for  the  varied  demands  of  .Sundav-school  and 
parochial  work.  This  building,  in  a  great  measure,  surrounds  the  new 
apsidal  chancel,  which,  with  its  massive  arch,  is  all  finished  and  lined  with 
j)arty-colored  brick-work,  serving  as  a  sort  of  culmination  to  the  high  dado 
of  brick-work  in  the  nave  walls,  the  arrangement  of  color  in  which  suggests 
a  wall  arcade,  although  only  a  flat  surface.  The  side  windows,  which  at 
first  appear  very  high  up,  being  at  the  top  of  this  dado,  are  from  time  to 
time  being  occupied  by  handsome  memorials  in  stained  glass.  The  old 
plaster  ceiling  of  the  nave  has  been  reconstructed,  and  now  shows  an  entire 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


197 


timber  and  boarded  finish.  A  large  transept  has  been  added  on  the  north 
side,  within  which  has  been  placed  a  fine  Hook  «&  Hastings  organ.  By 
elongating  the  old  nave  about  twenty  feet 
towards  the  street,  a  number  of  additional 
sittings  were  obtained  in  the  main  auditorium. 
These,  with  the  gain  by  the  new  transept, 
make  the  present  seating  capacity  a  trifle  over 
eight  hundred.  The  old  central  tower  and 
the  whole  front  having  thus  been  torn  down, 
the  new  front  was  built  up  of  haid  daik 
brick,  in  a  style  similar  to  some  of  the  Lom- 
bard buildings  of  Northern  Italy.    A  promment 


-\ 


^V 


'     -^  J 


A^Tr»T-^i,^ 


St.  Stephen's  Church,  Wilkes-Barre,  Penn. 

feature  ot  the  fagade  is  a  very  large  circular  window,  formed  in  elaborate 
mouldings  of  brick-work.  Below  this  is  an  arcaded  porch,  or  narthex,  which 
extends  all  the  way  across  the  front.  This  is  paved  with  tiles,  and  the 
arches  are  closed  in  with  cathedral  glass.     At  the  north  end  of  this  porch, 


1 98  A'/A'G'S  HAA'DBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHUKCHES. 

and  directly  at  the  corner  of  the  Cliurch,  stands  the  new  "campanile,"  the 
lowest  stage  forming  a  sort  of  vestibule  entrance  to  the  Church.  From  a 
base,  of  which  seventy  feet  is  severely  plain  brick-work,  there  rises  above 
the  surrounding  buildings  an  ornamental  structure,  which,  with  its  double 
succession  of  columns  and  arcades,  cornices  and  mouldings,  recalls  that 
great  yellow  tower  of  the  ''  Podesta,"  in  the  old  town  of  Pistoja,  which  John 
the  Pisan  adapted  to  become  the  campanile  of  the  Cathedral  of  St.  James. 
The  acoustic  properties  of  the  new  Church  are  perfect.  During  the  present 
summer  (iS88)  the  interior  walls  of  the  Church  edifice  have  been  hand- 
somely decorated  by  Messrs.  Edward  J.  N.  Stent  &  Co.  of  Xew  York  City. 

The  Church  will  be  further  enriched  by  a  massive  bishop's-chair  of 
antique  oak  and  bronze,  given  in  memory  of  Right  Rev.  William  Bacon 
Stevens,  D.D.,  etc.,  and  an  antique  oak  communion-table  to  correspond, 
both  from  the  manufactory  of  J.  &  R.  Lamb  of  Xew  York  City.  The  old 
pulpit  will  give  place  to  an  antique  brass  pulpit,  from  the  same  firm,  in 
■  memory  of  the  Hon.  George  W.  Woodward,  for  years  a  vestryman  of  St. 
Stephen's  Church.  A  brass  memorial  tablet  to  commemorate  the  Hon. 
John  N.  Conyngham,  LL.D.  (formerly  half  a  century  a  vestryman  and 
warden  of  the  parish),  and  his  wife,  will  be  placed  on  the  wall  above  the 
font,  from  the  hands  of  Edward  J.  N.  Stent  &  Co.,  who  have  also  manufac- 
tured several  of  the  beautiful  memorial  windows  now  in  the  Church.  There 
is  also  a  remarkably  fine  memorial  window,  made  by  Charles  Booth  of 
London.  Eng.,  representing  Christ  among  the  doctors  in  the  temple,  after 
Hoffman's  celebrated  i^icture.  Other  windows  (from  the  La  Farge  Decorat- 
ing Co.  and  Belcher  &  Co.,  New  York,  also  Groves  &  Steil  of  Philadelphia) 
add  to  the  attractiveness  of  the  interior. 

The  following  clergymen  of  the  Church  have  gone  out  from  St. 
Stephen's,  —  the  Right  Rev.  Samuel  Bowman,  D.D.,  Revs.  George  C. 
Drake  and  Henry  M.  Denison,  all  of  whom  are  now  dead ;  Revs.  Alexander 
Shiras,  D.D.,  of  Washington,  De  Witt  C.  Loop  of  Hammondton,  X.J.,  James 
L.  .Maxwell  of  Danville,  Penn.,  and  the  Rev.  James  Caird  of  Troy,  N.Y. 
Among  the  lay  readers  of  the  parish  were  Judges  Scott,  Woodward,  Conyng- 
ham, and  Dana.  The  officers  of  St.  Stephen's  Parish  are :  Rev.  Henry  L. 
Jones,  rector:  assistants  to  rector  (in  charge  of  mission  work).  Rev.  Horace 
Edwin  Hayden,  Rev.  Charles  M.  Carr,  Rev.  Thomas  B.  Angell.  The 
branches  of  the  Parish  Guild  are.  Ladies'  Dorcas,  Woman's  Auxiliary, 
Young  People's  Auxiliary,  Church  Temperance  Society,  and  Knights  of 
Temperance. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  ADVENT,  Boston,  Mass.  — In  "  A  Century  of 
Church  (Mowth  in  Boston,"  in  Bishop  Perry's  "  History  of  the  American 
Church,"  the  following  words  occur  :   "  Tiiis  great  movement  —  this  Catholic 


K'/NG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


199 


revival,  as  its  earnest  disciples  love  to  call  it  —  was  most  natural.  It  was 
the  protest  and  self-assertion  of  a  partly  neglected  side  of  religious  life ; 
it  was  a  re-action  against  some  of  the  dominant  forms  of  religious  thought 
which  had  become  narrow  and  exclusive  ;  it  was  the  effort  of  the   Church 


Church  of  the  Advent,  Boston,  Mass. 


to  complete  the  whole  sphere  of  her  life  ;  it  was  the  expression  of  certain 
perpetual  and  ineradicable  tendencies  of  the  human  soul.  No  wonder, 
therefore,  that  it  was  powerful.  It  made  most  enthusiastic  devotees;  it 
organized  new  forms  of  life  ;  it  created  a  new  literature ;  it  found  its  way 
into  the  halls  of  legislation;  it  changed  the  aspect  of  whole  regions  of 
education.     No  wonder,  also,  that  in  a  place  so  free-minded  and  devout  as 


200  A'/XG'S   IfAXDBOOK  OF  El'/SCOrAL    CIIL'RCHES. 

Boston,  each  one  of  tlic  iK-rmant-nt  tendencies  of  religious  thought  and 
expression  should  sooner  or  later  seek  for  admission.  Partly  in  echo,  there- 
fore, of  what  was  going  on  in  England,  and  partly  as  the  simultaneous  result 
of  the  same  causes  which  had  produced  the  movement  there,  it  was  not 
many  years  before  the  same  school  arose  in  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Amer- 
ica; and  it  showed  itself  first  in  the  organization  of  the  Church  of  the 
Advent.  .  .  .  The  feature  made  most  prominent  by  its  founders  was  that 
the  Church  was  free.  This,  combined  with  its  more  frequent  services,  its 
daily  public  recitation  of  Morning  and  Evening  Prayer,  an  increased  atten- 
tion to  the  details  of  worship,  the  lights  on  its  stone  altar,  and  its  use  of 
altar-cloths,  were  the  visible  signs  which  distinguished  it  from  the  other 
parishes  in  the  town.  'I'he  peculiarities  of  faith  and  worship  of  this  parish 
have  always  made  it  a  prominent  and  interesting  object  in  the  Church-life 
of  Boston." 

When  this  parish  was  founded  in  1844,  there  was  no  free  Church  in  New 
England,  and  but  very  few  in  other  parts  of  this  country.  There  were  in 
some  Churches  free  seats  in  the  galleries,  and  in  others  a  few  here  and  there 
on  the  main  floor.  The  movement  had  not  become  popular  then.  In  1844, 
some  laymen  in  Boston,  who  had  grown  interested  in  Church  extension, 
resolved  to  establish  a  new  parish,  one  feature  of  which  should  be  free  seats 
for  all  who  would  come.  The  new  organization  was  not  regarded  with  much 
favor  by  the  great  body  of  Churchmen  ;  for  in  addition  to  the  free-seat  fea- 
ture, it  incorporated  others,  which,  however  common  they  are  now  in  other 
places,  were  not  well  known  and  were  not  approved  in  Boston  and  vicinitv. 
Whatever  other  views  were  held,  the  Parish  of  the  Advent  stood  for  free 
seats,  an  open  Church,  into  which  any  one  could  come  for  praver  and  medi- 
tation at  any  time  of  the  day,  a  daily  service,  a  weekly  communion,  and  a 
due  observance  of  all  the  festivals  and  fasts  of  the  Church.  At  that  time 
these  features  were  regarded  by  some  as  antagonistic  to  the  spirit  of  the 
Episcopal  Church,  and  as  likely  to  alienate  the  sympathy  of  the  outside 
public. 

The  services  of  the  Advent  were  held  at  first  in  halls  and  upper  rooms, 
until  an  old  meeting-house  on  Green  Street  was  secured.  From  there  they 
were  removed  to  the  stone  building  on  Bowdoin  Street,  which  was  occupied 
until  the  present  fine  brick  structure  at  the  corner  of  Brimmer  and  Mount 
Vernon  Streets  was  built.  The  first  rector  of  the  parish  was  Dr.  William 
Croswell,  a  man  of  fine  ability,  saintly  character,  and  great  earnestness  of 
spirit.  His  successor  was  Bishop  H.  Southgate,  who  in  turn  was  followed 
by  the  Rev.  Dr.  James  A.  Bolles.  Among  the  interesting  features  which 
were  introduced  by  Dr.  Bolles  was  the  choral  service  and  the  vested  choir. 
The  Advent  maintains  now,  under  the  charge  of  Mr.  S.  B.  Whitney,  a  noted 
organist  and  musician,  one  of  the  best  choirs  in  the  United  States. 


IC/JVG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  20I 

The  music  at  tliis  Cluircli  is  always  interesting  and  often  grand.  At  the 
festival  services  it  is  sometimes  impossible  to  secure  seats,  so  great  is  the 
desire  to  listen  to  the  wonderful  performances  of  a  choir  trained  to  the  ren- 
dering of  the  most  difficult  compositions.  On  great  occasions  the  instru- 
mental accompaniment  of  a  full  orchestra  is  added  to  the  resources  of  the 
large  organ.  Dr.  Bolles  was  succeeded  by  the  Rev.  O.  S.  Prescott  as  actino- 
rector. 

The  Rev.  Charles  C.  Grafton,  a  member  of  the  Order  of  St.  John  the 
Evangelist,  became  the  rector  in  1872.  For  reasons  which  need  not  be 
recounted  here,  Mr.  Grafton  withdrew  from  the  Order  after  a  time.  He 
retained  his  rectorship  of  the  parish,  and,  when  the  new  Church  was  ready 
for  occupancy,  removed  with  a  portion  of  the  congregation  to  the  new 
building.  Nearly  three  hundred  communicants,  however,  remained  in  the 
old  Church,  which  came  under  the  control  of  the  Mission  Priests  of  the 
Order  of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  and  is  now  used  by  them.  It  was  thought 
at  first  that  this  controversy,  and  the  loss  of  so  many  communicants,  would 
seriously  cripple  the  parish,  especially  as  there  was  considerable  debt  left 
upon  the  new  building.  The  result  has  been,  however,  that  the  old  Church 
has  its  large  congregation  to-day,  and  the  new  Church  has  a  congregation 
that  often  tests  its  seating  capacity.  The  number  of  communicants  of  the 
Advent  has  grown  from  two  hundred  and  fifty  to  six  hundred  in  the  past 
five  years. 

The  Church  edifice  is  built  of  brick,  with  brown-stone  trimmings.  It  is 
not  yet  entirely  completed  ;  but  when  the  tower  and  other  additions  are 
made,  it  will  be  one  of  the  most  beautiful  structures  in  the  country.  The 
architect  was  the  late  Mr.  John  H.  Sturgis,  a  member  of  the  parish,  who, 
with  the  rector,  devoted  much  study  to  the  perfecting  of  the  design,  and 
succeeded  in  producing  a  superb  specimen  of  Norman  Gothic.  Upon  enter- 
ing the  building  two  things  attract  the  attention  of  the  visitor:  the  first  is 
the  great  height  of  the  nave,  some  ninety  feet,  and  the  great  size  of  the 
chancel.  The  latter  is  thirty  feet  wide  and  forty-eight  feet  deep,  divided 
into  choir  and  sanctuary,  and  is  separated  from  the  nave  by  a  rood-screen  of 
gilded  iron-work.  All  the  interior  walls  are  of  brick,  with  occasional  spaces 
of  brown-stone,  some  of  which  are  elaborately  carved,  while  others  await 
their  final  decoration.  There  are  some  good  specimens  of  stained  glass 
already  in  position,  but  ether  windows  will  be  filled  later  on  with  bright 
colors.  The  use  of  brick-work  for  the  interior  shows  what  wonderful  solid- 
ity and  beauty  are  possible  by  the  judicious  use  of  a  material  not  yet  well 
appreciated  in  this  country.  A  Chapel  for  daily  services  is  at  the  head  of 
the  south  aisle.  It  is  by  the  side  of  the  choir,  and  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  choir  is  an  organ,  to  which  there  are  few  superior.  It  was  built  espe- 
cially for  the  musical  needs  of  this  jiarish,  under  Mr.  Whitney's  direction. 


202  A-/XG\S   IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CIJL'KCHES. 

by  tlie  tirm  of  Huichins  &  Plaisted  of  Boston.  The  altar  is  of  marble, 
with  a  Caen-stone  reredos.  The  altar-steps  are  of  polished  dark  marble. 
On  the  super-altar  is  a  wilderness  of  branchinjr  candelabra,  and  to  the 
ri'dit  and  left  are  great  tall  ornamental  posts  of  brass-work  tilled  with 
lights.  Seven  brass  lamps,  shaded  by  colored  glass,  hang  by  ornamental 
chains  from  the  chancel  ceiling.  Adjoining  the  Church  on  the  north  is 
a  Parish  Building,  containing  various  rooms  for  the  societies  and 
organizations  and  the  choir.  Farther  along  Brimmer  Street  was  the 
Sisters"  House,  belonging  to  the  "  Sisterhood  of  the  Holy  Nativity." 
the  members  of  which  did  most  efficient  work  in  the  parish.  The  Rev. 
Mr.  Grafton,  after  serving  the  parish  from  1872,  resigned  in  1888,  and 
since  this  sketch  has  been  put  into  type  he  has  been  chosen  Bishop  of 
Fond-du-Lac.     The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  \Vm.  B.  Frisby. 

ST.  JAMES'  CHURCH,  New  York  City  (Madison  Avenue  at  the 
Corner  of  Seventy-first  Street).— St.  James  Parish  was  founded  in  1810, 
and  occupies  to-day  the  same  hill  upon  which  it  was  established.  But  all 
its  surroundings  have  been  changed.  At  first,  there  was  a  little  old- 
fashioned  frame  Church,  with  its  quaint  belfry  and  horse-shed,  five  miles 
from  the  city.  Now  the  great  population  of  the  metropolis  has  reached 
it,  encompassed  it,  and  passed  five  miles  beyond.  It  is  difficult  for  one 
who  stands  in  the  loggia  of  the  present  Parish  Buildingand  sees,  in  Madi- 
son Avenue,  a  leading  thoroughfare  of  one  of  the  great  cities  of  the 
world,  to  realize  the  quietness  of  the  neighborhood  on  Thursday  morning. 
May  17,  1810,  when  Bishop  Benjamin  Moore,  after  an  hou'-'s  rural  drive, 
entered  the  recently  erected  Church  and  consecrated  it,  to  bear  the  name 
of  St.  James.  Should  he  now  return  to  earth  with  the  Rev.  Mr.  Harris, 
who  read  the  morning  prayer,  and  the  Rev.  Cave  Jones  ("afterwards 
President  of  Columbia  College),  who  preached  the  sermon,  and  should 
that  triumvirate  repeat  the  little  journey  of  that  day.  what  a  transforma- 
tion would  meet  their  eyes  in  the  drive  from  Trinity  Church  to  Lcno.x 
Hill! 

In  the  early  part  of  the  present  century,  the  neighborhood  of  Central 
Park  became  a  favorite  place  for  the  modest  country-seats  of  prominent 
New-Yorkers.  Hitherto  they  had  been  satisfied  to  spend  their  summers 
in  town,  but  the  yellow-fever  appearing  for  several  years  in  succession, 
induced  one  wealthy  family  after  another  to  build  a  house  in  the  <  oun- 
try,  where  they  might  be  safe  during  the  hot  months.  Some  of  them 
chose  the  shores  of  the  East  River,  opposite  Blackwell's  Island,  and 
some  the  banks  of  the  Hudson.  By  a  fortunate  coincidence,  the  City 
Corporation  in  1807  decided  to  improve  the  "common  lands,"  which 
then  extended  over  the  tract,  two  miles  long,  now  very  nearlv  included 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.  203 


St.  James"  Church.   New  York  City. 


204  A'/^VGS  IIAXDBOOK   OF   EPISCOPAL    C//L'h'C//KS. 

between  F<jrty-lifth  and  Eighty-lifth  Streets.  In  order  to  encourage  the 
building  of  a  village  upon  the  site  of  the  present  Lenox  Hill,  they  caused 
a  map  to  be  made,  on  which  a  public  square  was  drawn,  and  on  the  very 
crest  of  the  hill,  close  to  an  avenue  marked  as  Hamilton  Avenue,  there 
was  set  apart  a  plot  on  which  was  printed.  "  A  piece  intended  for  a 
Church  or  Academy."  The  founders  of  St.  James  Parish  made  applica- 
tion for  tiiis  land  and  received  it,  fulfilling  their  part  of  the  contract  by 
building  a  Church,  which  remained  until  1870.  It  became  a  landmark 
which,  from  its  high  position,  was  seen  for  a  great  distance,  till  it  was 
gradually  hidden  by  the  long  blocks  of  city  houses. 

Although  the  parish  was  founded  by  men  of  wealth,  its  work  has 
always  been  largely  done  among  pei^ple  of  moderate  means.  Instead 
of  being  a  mere  "  chapel-of-ease,"  it  has  sought  to  be  the  mother  Church 
of  its  neighborhood  ;  and  the  afTections  of  several  generations  have 
testified  to  the  good  work  which,  being  well  begun,  is  now  continued 
upon  a  larger  scale.  The  seven  rectors  of  the  parish  have  been  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Farmar  Jarvis,  D.D..  Rev.  William  Richmond.  Rev.  James 
Cook  Richmond,  Re\\  John  Dowdney,  Rev.  Edwin  Harwood,  D.D., 
Rev.  Peter  Schermerhorn  Chauncey,  D.D.,  and  the  present  rector,  Rev. 
Cornelius  B.  Smith,  D.D..  who  began  his  work  in  1867. 

In  1869  a  new  Church  of  stone  and  brick  was  erected  on  Seventy- 
second  Street,  very  near  the  old  site,  and  was  occupied  for  fifteen  years. 
The  present  Churcli  was  built  in  1884  at  the  corner  of  Madison  Avenue 
and  Seventy-first  Street.  The  unique  arrangement  of  the  building,  by 
which  the  chancel  is  placed  at  the  side  of  the  tower  at  the  west  end, 
secures  the  following  advantages  :  the  sun  luhind  the  eyes  instead  of 
before  them,  at  the  morning  services  ;  a  very  large  and  thoroughly 
warmed  ambulatory  or  vestibule  hall,  avoiding  draughts  near  the  en- 
trances and  furnishing  easy  communication  with  an  ample  waiting-room, 
very  useful  at  weddings  and  baptisms;  chancel  light,  unobscured  by  build- 
ings; direct  access  from  the  avenue  to  the  vestry-room  ;  front  exits  for 
people  who  have  occasion  to  go  out  during  the  service,  and  for  funeral 
processions  which  leave  the  Church,  without  facing  the  congregation  ; 
a  tower-room  opening  directly  upon  the  chancel  from  above,  and  reached 
by  its  own  beautiful  and  retired  stairway  :  a  large  gallery  opposite  the 
chancel  ;  and  a  very  beautiful  outside  effect,  combining  in  one  view  two 
gables,  two  towers,  an  apse  and  loggia,  with  bold  projections  and  inden- 
tations, rich  in  light  and  shadow.  The  plan  of  the  building  further  in- 
cludes an  interior  finish  in  oak  ;  solid  masonry  partitions,  plastered  to 
avoid  echoes,  from  which  the  edifice  is  singularly  free;  a  deep  chancel 
with  two  arches  and  an  apsidal  sanctuary  ;  two  side  exits  for  communi- 
cants: ample  stalls  for  vested  choir;  the  organist's  key-board  adjoining 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISl^OFAL    CHURCHES.         205 

the  rector's  seat,  and  behind  the  latter  a  special  passageway  to  the 
vestry,  which  also  gives  ready  and  unnoticed  access  to  the  rector  by 
the  sexton,  when  summoned  by  the  electric  signal.  There  are  two  choir- 
rooms,  a  very  large  parish-room,  a  library,  a  guild-room,  and  a  kitchen  ; 
and  a  generous  provision  of  closets  and  cases.  The  tower  vestibule 
contains  three  large  brasses  in  repousse  work,  having  representations  in 
relief  of  the  two  former  Church  buildings  of  the  parish,  and  inscribed 
with  the  names  of  old  citizens  of  New  York  who  were  members  of  St. 
James'  congregation. 

THE    CHURCH    OF    GETHSEMANE,    Minneapolis,    Minn.— The 

corner-stone    of   the    first   Church    was  laid    August    5.   1856,   and  the 


Gethsemane  Church,  Minneapolis,  Minn. 

first  service  held  December  7  of  the  same  year.  It  was  consecrated  a 
few  days  later  by  Bishop  Kemper.  Mr.  D.  B.  Knickerbocker,  then  a 
deacon,  became  its  first  rector,  and  remained  twenty-seven  years  until 
elected  bishop  of  Indiana,  1883.  He  was  succeeded  immediately  by  the 
present  rector.  Rev.  Anson  R.  Graves,  who  had  been  assistant  in  the 
parish  in  1873-74.  From  the  first  the  parish  grew  rapidly  with  the 
growth  of  the  town,  and  soon  began  starting  missions  in  other  parts  of 


206  A'/.VG'S   //.I.V/J/UiCA'   OF   El' I  SCOP  .1 1.    CULKCHES. 

llic  city.  Al)()iit  1S62,  a  number  of  the  parishioners  colonized  in  St. 
Mark's  PVee  Cliurch,  which  up  to  that  time  liad  been  a  mission  of 
Gethsemane.  but  is  now  a  stronj^  parish.  In  1857  a  mission  was  started 
in  tlie  n(jrtli  [)art  of  the  city,  whicli  was  organized  as  St.  Andrew's 
Churcli  in  1874.  Wiiat  is  now  All  Saints'  Church  was  started  as  a 
mission  in  1872;  Grace  Church  in  1874;  St.  Luke's  in  1885.  Besides 
starting  these  Churches  within  the  city,  Gethsemane  has  a  Chapel  at 
Oak  Grove,  six  miles  out,  another  at  Minnetonka  Mills,  twelve  miles 
away,  and  another  at  Howard  Lake,  forty-five  miles  away.  It  has 
maintained  services  and  helped  to  build  Chapels  at  other  points,  and 
has  supplied  the  county  jail  with  a  weekly  service  f(jr  the  last  seventeen 
years.  Much  of  the  above  work  was  accomplished  through  the 
Brotherhood  of  Gethsemane,  organized  in  1869.  This  Brotherhood 
founded  St.  Barnabas  Hospital  and  maintained  it  for  twelve  years,  and 
then  turned  it  over  to  a  board  of  trustees  with  property  valued  at 
$30,000.  Since  entering  the  new  Church  in  December,  1884,  tlie  parish 
has  doubled  in  the  number  of  its  parisiiioners  and  communicants.  In 
June,  1888,  it  reported  350  families  and  756  communicants. 

In  its  history  of  thirty-two  years  there  have  been  baptized,  1,767; 
confirmed,  979:  married,  598  couples  ;  buried,  942  Ten  from  the  parish 
have  gone  into  the  ministry.  The  Cliurch  since  its  first  year  has  been 
maintained  as  a  free  Church,  and  to-day  sittings  are  neither  rented  nor 
assigned.  A  surpliccd  choir  was  introduced  in  1881.  The  average 
amount  of  monev  raised  for  the  last  five  years  has  been  $10,550 
vearly.  In  the  thirty-two  years  there  have  been  raised  for  all  purposes 
$220,403. 

The  building  represented  by  the  above  cut  was  finished  in  the 
autumn  of  1884,  and  the  first  service  held  December  7,  1884,  just  twenty- 
eight  years  after  the  first  service  was  held  in  the  old  parish  Church. 
It  is  located  at  the  corner  of  Ninth  Street  and  Fourth  Avenue,  south, 
near  the  centre  of  the  city.  It  is  built  of  cream-colored  sandstone. 
The  seating  capacity  is  650  in  the  body  of  the  Church,  with  room  for 
250  sittings  in  the  Chapel,  which  becomes  a  part  of  the  Church  by  the 
opening  of  folding  doors.  The  chancel  is  30  by  28  feet.  The  altar  and 
rercdos  are  of  carved  oak.  The  organ-room  is  north  of  the  chancel  and 
contains  a  large  Hook  iS:  Hastings  organ.  The  font  is  very  large  and 
heavy,  of  a  gray  stone,  and  stands  on  a  raised  platform  separate  from 
the  chancel,  on  the  north  side  in  front  of  the  organ-room.  The  eagle 
lecturn  is  of  brass,  and  serves  also  as  a  pulpit.  South  of  the  chancel  are 
first,  a  robing-room  for  the  clergy;  second,  a  robing-room  for  the  choir; 
and  third,  a  guild-room  or  large  parlor.  The  Church  is  furnished  and 
finished  throughout  in  polished    white   oak.     The   entire  cost   of  land, 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         20/ 

building,  and  furnishings  was  $63,000.      Its  acoustic  properties  are  per- 
fect, and  it  is  easily  heated. 

ST.    PAUL'S    CHURCH,    Milwaukee,    Wis.— This    is    the  pioneer 

Church  in  Wisconsin,  and  it  has  filled  an  important  place  in  the  history 
of  the  city  and  the  State.  The  parish  was  organized  April,  1838,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Noble  officiating.  The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Lemuel  B. 
Hull.  The  other  rectors  have  been  the  Rev.  Benjamin  Akerley,  the 
Rev.  Wm.  W.  Arnett,  the  Rev.  Jas.  C.  Richmond,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wm.  B. 
Ashley,  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  Fulton.  The  present  rector  is  the  Rev. 
Charles  Stanley  Lester,  who  entered  upon  his  duties  in  September,  1880. 
The  first  building  erected  by  the  parish  was  a  small  wooden  structure, 
finished  in  February,  1845.  It  was  frequently  enlarged,  and  finally  was 
taken  down  in  1884,  after  the  erection  of  the  new  Church.  The  present 
building  was  constructed  after  plans  of  E.  J.  Mix  &  Co.,  of  Milwaukee. 
The  general  style  of  the  building  is  Norman,  and  the  material  Lake 
Superior  red  sandstone,  rock-faced.  The  Church  and  Chapel  fill  three 
lots,  180  feet  in  depth,  and.  with  the  completed  Rectory,  will  nearly  fill  a 
width  of  127  feet.  A  high  clerestory  carries  up  the  roof  67  feet,  giving 
to  the  exterior  a  grand  and  imposing  effect,  which  is  relieved  from 
heaviness  by  the  graceful  lines  of  the  great  transept  windows  and  the 
rose-window  in  front,  with  their  mullions  of  yellow  sandstone.  The 
deep  recesses  of  the  doorways,  with  their  clustered  columns  of  red 
granite,  the  rich  carving  abundantly  bestowed,  and  the  grand  wrought- 
iron  gate  of  the  tower,  produce  an  eftect  of  solidity  and  reality  not  often 
seen  in  American  Churches.  Through,  the  entrances  in  the  tower  one 
passes  into  the  broad  vestibule,  which  crosses  the  front  of  the  Church. 
The  tower,  seventeen  feet  square  in  the  interior,  has  a  wainscoting  of 
brown  stone,  seven  feet  high,  above  which  the  wall  is  carried  up  in 
red-face  brick  to  a  fine  panelled  ceiling  in  antique  oak,  from  which 
hangs  a  graceful  wrought-iron  lantern  opposite  a  beautiful  mullioned 
window  deeply  recessed  in  the  brown  stone.  The  vestibule  is  plain  and 
rich,  with  its  woodwork  of  oak  and  pavement  of  square  red  tiles,  bor- 
dered with  Connecticut  brown  stone.  Three  doors  lead  into  the 
interior,  the  whole  efTect  of  which  is  one  of  richness  and  dignity.  The 
beauty  of  the  lines  of  the  building,  the  quiet  harmony  of  its  colors,  the 
realit)'  and  fitness  of  everything,  give  one  a  feeling  of  satisfaction,  which 
disarms  criticism.  The  woodwork  is  of  black  birch,  finished  in  dark 
red  ;  the  walls,  a  dark  russet,  relieved  by  a  rich  border  of  dead  blue  and 
green.  Two  rows  of  red-granite  columns,  their  bases  and  elaborately 
carved  capitals  of  yellow  sandstone,  support  the  high  clerestory,  on 
which  rests  the  massive  open-timbered   roof,  which,  with   its  ceiling  of 


20S  AV.\0".S    HANDBOOK   OF   EFISCOPAI.    CHINCHES. 

wood,  is  finished  in  red.  Looking  up  the  main  aisle,  one  sees  across 
the  front  of  the  choir  a  screen  of  yellow  sandstone,  massive  and  beauti- 
fully carved.  It  stands  four  feet  above  the  Church  floor,  and  is  one  of 
the  finest  decorations  uf  the  interior.  In  front  of  it,  at  the  extreme 
left,  is  the  stone  pulpit,  a  hexagon  of  yellow  sandstone,  standing  on  a 
base  of  brown  stone.  The  sides  are  cut  into  deep  panels,  filled  with 
elaborate  carving.  With  red-granite  columns  at  the  angles,  with  carved 
capitals  and  mouldings,  the  pulpit  has  a  dignity  and  beauty  which  noth- 
ing could  replace. 

At  the  right  of  the  centre  of  the  choir-screen  is  the  splendid  brass 
eagle,  a  former  gift  to  the  Church.  Four  stone  steps  at  the  centre  of  the 
screen  lead  to  the  pavement  of  the  choir,  three  more  to  the  base  of  the 
altar.  Upon  the  broad  pavement  of  the  choir  stand,  on  either  hand,  the 
stalls  for  choir  and  clergy.  Two  broad  .steps  lead  from  the  rail  to  the 
beautiful  altar  of  pure  white  marble,  its  columns  of  dark-red  marble,  its 
delicately  carved  panels  enriched  by  a  background  of  gold. 

Behind  the  altar,  against  the  diaper  work  of  the  wall,  stands  the  fine 
reredos,  rising  to  a  height  of  eighteen  feet  and  extending  beyond  the 
altar  on  either  side.  The  reredos  is  especially  effective,  its  centre  panels 
of  dark  red  leather,  diapered  in  gold,  forming  a  fine  background  to  the 
rich  brass  cross  and  vases  of  the  Eldred  memorial.  On  either  side  of 
the  centre  are  three  panels  of  gilded  leather,  with  well-executed  paint- 
ings representing  the  Evangelists,  with  St  Peter  and  St.  Paul.  At  the 
left  of  the  altar  stands  the  bishop's  chair,  very  richly  carved,  and  quite 
imposing  with  its  high  canopy  after  the  ancient  style.  The  chancel 
arch,  forty-five  feet  high,  is  grand  and  imposing,  and  discloses,  above 
the  reredos,  upon  the  amber  background  of  the  wall,  three  figures  of  an- 
gels (in  chiaro-oscuro,  twenty-five  feet  in  height,  bearing  a  scroll  with 
the  message,  "  Behold.  I  bring  you  glad  tidings  of  great  joy  ").  The 
golden  light,  which  streams  into  the  chancel  from  side  windows  of  gold 
glass,  produces  at  all  times  a  beautiful  and  happy  effect. 

The  Church  is  rich  in  magnificent  windows.  The  grand  rose-win- 
dow in  the  fagade  is  sixteen  feet  in  diameter.  Mullions  of  yellow 
sandstone  divide  it  into  a  centre  of  five  feet,  with  eight  surrounding 
sections.  The  latter  are  filled  with  bluish-green  rondels,  around  and 
through  which  runs  a  ribbon  of  deeper  blue,  the  whole  surface  being 
sprinkled  with  broken  jewels  of  amber.  The  centre  is  a  very  rich  de- 
sign, illustrating  the  two  familiar  lines  : 

"  .^nd  with  the  morn  these  angel  faces  smile. 
Which  I  have  loved  long  since  and  lost  awhile." 

The  lower  part   is    occupied  by   four    figures    in   the  clouds.      Above 


A'/iVG'S   HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         209 


St.  Paul's  Church,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 


210  A'/A'G'S  HAiXDBOOK  OF  EP/SCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

them,  in  the  breaking  light,  is  a  radiant  crown  of  stars,  from  which  the 
light  descends  in  rays  upon  the  figures.  Above  the  crown  is  a  halo  of 
stars.  The  whole  composition  is  marvellous  in  color  and  shading,  and 
wonderful  in  its  execution.  It  is  the  work  of  TifTany,  and  a  gift  to  the 
Church  from  Mrs.  E.  H.  Hrodhead.  The  transepts  contain  each  a  grand 
winflow  eigliteen  feet  by  twenty-five  feet,  divided  by  heavy  stone  mul- 
lions  into  elaborate  tracery  above,  and  three  panels  eighteen  feet  high. 
The  east  window  was  erected  as  a  memorial  to  Bishop  Kemper,  and 
is  one  of  the  great  windows  of  the  world.  The  upper  part  shows  a 
beautiful  harmony  of  color,  in  which  dark  blue  and  amber  are  the  pre- 
vailing tones,  while  the  whole  of  the  lower  part  is  occupied  by  a  copy  of 
Dore's  painting  of  "  Christ  leaving  the  Prajtorium."  It  is  executed  in  a 
thoroughly  artistic  manner,  each  one  of  the  two  hundred  faces  being  a 
real  work  of  art,  and  the  gorgeous  coloring  of  the  mosaic  glass  in  the 
drapery  producing  most  brilliant  effects  against  the  noble  background 
of  palace  and  temple.  It  was  made  by  TifTany.  and  is  a  marvellous 
result  of  patience,  devotion,  and  true  art.  The  centre  panel  of  the  west 
transept  window  is  a  splendid  work  by  Messrs.  Heaton.  Butler  & 
Bayne  of  London.  The  subject  is  "  Easier  Morn,'"  and  represents  the 
meeting  of  the  two  Marys  and  the  angel  at  the  sepulchre.  It  is  a  true 
work  of  art,  faultless  in  drawing,  very  rich  in  color,  and  showing  a  won- 
derful elaborateness  of  detail.  Another  very  fine  window  is  in  the  west 
side-aisle,  also  by  Tiffany,  a  copy  of  Murillo's  "  Annunciation,"  show- 
ing a  perfection  in  execution  rarely  equalled  in  glass.  At  the  left  of 
the  chancel  is  a  large  and  beautiful  organ,  built  by  Messrs.  Hook  & 
Hastings  of  Boston,  and  specially  valued  for  the  purity  and  smoothness 
of  its  tones.  At  the  right  of  the  chancel  is  the  baptistery,  with  three 
small  windows,  exquisite  in  design  and  color;  while  over  the  font  hangs 
a  fine  old  lamp,  brought  from  a  Church  in  Northern  Italy. 

The  Church  and  Cliapel  have  cost,  up  to  the  present  time,  $190,000 
the  tower  and  Rectory  being  yet  unfinished.  When  all  is  finished  it 
will  present  one  of  the  finest  groups  of  Church  buildings  in  the  countrj'. 
The  Church  seats  a  thousand  people,  and  is  well  filled,  the  recent  intro- 
duction of  a  well-trained  choir  of  forty-three  men  and  boys  having 
added  greatly  to  the  beauty  and  reality  of  the  service. 

BETHESDA  CHURCH,  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.— One  peculiarity 
of  this  parish  is  that  whili-  it  is  important  at  all  times,  there  are  some 
months  in  the  year  when  its  work  reaches  a  very  large  number  of  people 
from  all  parts  of  the  country.  As  a  summer  resort  Saratoga  keeps  up 
its  old-time  popularity.  Under  the  vigorous  ministry  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Joseph  Carey,  the  parish  of  Bethcsda  Church  aims  to  meet  not  only  the 


A'lXG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CIJUKCHES. 


21  I 


needs  of  the  large  resident  population,  but  of  the  crowds  of  people  who 
flock  here  in  the  summer-time. 

Recently  the  old  Church,  built  in  1841,  has  been  very  greatly  im- 
proved. In  1886  Mrs.  Rockwell  Putman  offered  to  give  the  funds  for 
the  erection  of  a  new  tower  in  memory  of  her  husband.  Other  generous 
contributions  were  made  by  other  persons  for  the  improvement  fund, 
and  many  gifts  were  offered  for  the  furnishing,  so  that  when  the  build- 
ing was  reopened  July  3,  1887,  it  was  virtually  new.  The  front  has  a 
central  entrance-way  through  a  Norman  arch.  This  front  is  of  rough 
ashlar  with  dressed  stone  for  trimmings.  The  tower  is  blunt,  and  is 
surmounted  by  an  iron  cross.  The  stone-work  of  the  tower  and  of  the 
front  is  ended 
off  with  battle- 
ments. A  fine 
clock  with  hands 
moved  by  elec- 
tricity marks  the 
golden  hours  on 
the  tower  face, 
and  four  sweet 
bells  form  the 
Westminster 
peal.  The  inte- 
rior of  the  build- 
ing is  very  pleas- 
ing. The  shape 
is  rectangular, 
with  a  deep  chan- 
cel ;  on  the  right 
is  the  organ,  with 
a  choir  vestry 
back   of  it.     On 

the  left  is  a  small  Chapel,  with  the  clergy-room  back  of  that.  The  choir 
is  seated  for  thirty-six  singers,  and  on  the  occasion  of  the  re-opening  in 
1887  a  vested  choir  was  introduced.  The  exquisite  altar  is  of  polished 
French  marble  and  mosaics.  The  reredos  is  of  richly  carved  antique 
oak.  The  floors  of  the  alley-ways  are  laid  in  tiles.  The  walls  are  tinted 
Pompeian  red.  There  is  a  beautiful  brass  eagle  lecturn,  and  a  brass 
pulpit.  The  six  standards  for  the  chancel  railing  are  of  hammered 
antique  brass,  each  with  a  bronze  panel  bearing  a  lily. 

The  architect  of  the  recent  improvements  is  Mr.  A.  Page  Brown,  of 
New  York.     Among  the  persons  contributing  memorial  and  other  gifts 


_*«  ji: 

Bethesda  Church,   Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y. 


212  A'/AG'S  JIAXDHOOK   01-    EPISCUI'AL    C//UA-CJ/ES. 

are  Mrs.  Charles  D.  Slocum,  Mrs.  Joseph  Cooke,  Mrs.  Katharine  Y. 
Khriii^'er,  Mrs.  W'ni.  A.  Sackelt,  Mrs.  J.  L.  Perry,  the  family  of  Rev. 
Ur.  Shackelford,  and  Mrs.  Rockwell  Fulman. 

A  writer  says:  "  It  is  a  restful  change  to  step  from  the  hurr>'  and  the 
heat,  the  glare  and  gayety  of  the  street  into  the  cool  and  seclusion  of 
this  Church,  to  see  the  form  of  angels  on  the  painted  glass,  and  to  walk 
with  reverent  tread  down  the  long  alley  towards  the  altar  and  the  shin- 
ing cross.  All  the  decorations  are  rich  and  tasteful,  but  no  discord  of 
colors  jars  on  the  aesthetic  sense.  The  chancel  ornaments  and  furnish- 
ings are  specially  line,  nearly  all  being  memorial  gifts  from  members  of 
the  parish.  The  chancel  window  is  unique  in  design,  and  worthy  of 
notice.  The  central  figure,  erect,  the  rays  from  whose  body  light  the 
whole  picture,  is  Christ  the  Divine  Healer.  At  His  feet,  half-recumbent, 
is  the  cripple  v.'ith  uplifted  hand.  In  the  right  panel  is  the  figure  of  a 
young  man  kneeling  for  a  blessing,  while  at  the  left  an  anxious  mother 
brings  her  sick  child  to  the  Great  Physician.  In  the  tracery  are 
glimpses  of  the  firmament  with  stars,  and  in  the  foreground  appears  the 
pool  of  Bethesda,  so  well  pictured  that  one  can  almost  see  the  move- 
ment of  the  waters."  Dr.  Carey  has  been  in  charge  since  1873,  ^"d  dur- 
ing eleven  of  the  fifteen  years  has  been  also  the  Archdeacon  of  Troy. 
The  parish  has  si.x  hundred  communicants,  a  parish  day-school,  a  hos- 
pital, a  House  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  and  a  reading-room  and  library. 

CHURCH  OF  THE  HOLY  SPIRIT,  Mattapan,  Mass.— This 
unique  building  was  erected  by  Miss  Annie  Lawrence  Rotch  in  memory 
of  her  faiher,  the  late  Benjamin  Smith  Rotch.  The  plans  were  drawn 
by  the  firm  of  Rotch  «&  Tilden,  architects,  Boston.  The  Church,  in 
the  form  of  across,  w'ith  apsidal  chancel,  is  built  of  moss-covered  stones 
irregularly  laid.  The  tower  in  the  centre  is  supported  by  four  massive 
stone  pillars.  The  ceiling  is  finished  with  wcjod  stained  a  cherry  color. 
The  pews  and  chancel  furniture  are  of  oak.  The  font  is  of  oak  with 
terra-cotta  panels.  The  windows  are  filled  with  stained  glass,  those  in 
the  chancel  representing  the  angel  choir.  The  communion-vessels,  the 
organ,  the  font,  the  bell,  and  other  articles  are  memorials. 

The  Churcli  stands  upon  high  ground,  several  rods  back  from  the 
street,  overlooking,  through  the  vista  of  lofty  trees,  the  placid  waters  of 
the  Neponset,  while  a  spacious  lawn  extends  on  all  sides  to  the  bounda- 
ries of  the  grounds.  The  seating  accomodation  is  for  two  hundred  per- 
sons, and  all  the  seats  are  free.  The  gallery  over  the  porch  is  shut  in  by 
menns  of  glass  partitions  so  that  it  can  be  used  for  week-day  services, 
meetings  for  work,  and  for  Sunday-school.  The  new  parish  is  in  charge 
ot  the  Rev.  John  T.  Magrath,  and  is  in  a  prosperous  condition. 


A'lA'G'S  HAiXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    ClILRCHES.         21 3 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.— In  the  year  1756  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Seabury,  father  of  him  who  afterwards  became  the  first 
bishop  of  Connecticut,  and  who  was  then  a  missionary  in  charge  of  the 
Churches  at  Hempstead,  Oyster  Bay,  and  Huntington,  "paid  a  visit  to 
Dutchess  County,  eighty  miles  distant,  at  the  request  of  the  inhabitants, 
and  held  one  or  more  services."  During  the  ensuing  decade  services 
were  occasionally  held  here  and  there  in  the  county,  but  there  is  no 
record  of  date  earlier  than  April  2,  1766,  when  a  subscription-paper  was 
passed  around  "for  the  purchase  of  a  glebe  in  some  convenient  place  in 
Poughkeepsie,  Rombout,  the  Great  Nine  Partners,  or  Beekman."     This 


.•>'    "  - 


3-.  "-      ZSk  -1 


5.  i^'i 


^^,y.^,  "- 


Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  Mattapan,  Mass. 


paper  states  that  there  is  "  not  any  settled  Church  of  England  in  the 
said  county,  by  which  means  public  worship  according  to  the  liturgy  of 
said  Church, is  altogether  neglected."  On  the  twenty-third  day  of  Octo- 
ber, 1766,  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  Church  of  England  in 
Dutchess  County  was  held,  and  the  Rev.  John  Beardsley  of  Groton, 
Conn.,  was  duly  invited  to  become  their  resident  pastor. 

The  first  service  was  held  in  the  house  of  William  Humphrey,  on  the 
twenty-first  day  of  December,  1766,  Mr.  Beardsley  taking  for  his  text 


J  14  y^'/.VU'S  HAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

St.  Luke  ii.  32.  On  tin-  iiinih  day  of  Maicli,  1773,  a  Royal  Cliartcr  was 
!>ranted  to  "  the  Rector  and  inhabitants  of  Pouj^likeepsie,  in  Dutchess 
County,  in  communion  with  the  Church  of  England,"  which  title  of  in- 
corporation was  changed  by  the  Legislature  of  New  York  during  the 
session  of  1791-92  to  "  the  Rector  and  inhabitants  of  Poughk'eepsie  in 
communion  with  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  State  of  New 
York."  The  original  charter  granted  by  "George  111.,  by  the  grace  of 
God  of  Great  Britain,  France,  and  Ireland  King,  Defender  of  the  Faith, 
and  so  forth,"  is  still  preserved  in  the  archives  of  Christ  Church.  The 
total  quantity  of  land  conveyed  to  the  two  parishes  of  Poughkeepsie 
and  Rombout  (Fishkill)  was  two  hundred  and  eighty-seven  acres.  L'p 
to  the  year  1774  all  services  were  held  in  private  houses. 

In  the  year  1773  the  erection  of  a  Church  was  begun,  but  it  was  not 
under  roof  until  late  in  the  autumn  of  1774.  It  was  placed  on  a  knoll  at 
what  is  now  known  as  the  northeast  corner  of  Market  and  Church  Streets. 
It  was  built  of  stone,  with  a  tower  and  spire  at  the  west  and  on  Market 
Street.  The  number  of  pews  was  forty-two,  and  the  seating  capacity  about 
two  hundred.  Then  came  the  troublous  days  of  the  Revolution.  After  the 
Revolution  the  rectors  were  the  Rev.  Henry  Vandyck,  the  Rev.  George 
H.  Spieren,  Rev.  John  J.  Sayrs,  Rev.  Philander  Chase,  subsequently 
bishop  of  Ohio,  Rev.  Barzillai  Bulkley,  Rev.  Dr.  John  Reed.  During  Dr. 
Reed's  rectorship  the  first  building  was  taken  down,  and  a  large  brick 
edifice  was  built  in  its  stead,  and  consecrated  June  5,  1834.  Dr.  Reed 
was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Homer  Wheaton.  Then  came  the  Rev.  Dr- 
Samuel  Bueland,  followed  in  1866  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Philander  K.  Cady. 

The  present  rector  is  the  Venerable  Archdeacon,  the  Rev.  Henry  L. 
Zeigenfuss,  who  has  been  in  charge  since  1874. 

During  the  past  fourteen  years  the  parish  has  constantly  grown  in 
numbers  as  well  as  in  beneficent  activity.  When  it  was  deemed  inexpedi- 
ent to  renovate  the  old  building  erected  in  1833,  or  to  rebuild  on  the 
same  site,  the  vestry  decided  to  erect  a  new  structure  on  "  the  old  Eng- 
lish burying-ground."  which  embraces  an  entire  block  in  the  most  de- 
sirable part  of  the  city.  The  plans  presented  by  Mr.  William  A.  Potter 
of  New  York  City  were  at  once  accepted.  Ground  was  broken  July  19. 
1887,  and  the  building  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Henry  C.  Potter  on 
Tuesday,  May  15,  1888.  The  style  of  the  Church  is  pointed  Gothic.  It 
is  built  of  Long  Meadow  brown  stone,  a  sandstone  of  pinkish  hue  that 
has  the  merit  of  hardening  by  exposure.  The  Church  is  cruciform,  the 
nave  running  east  and  west.  The  total  length  of  the  building  is  148  feet. 
The  nave  is  112  feet  in  length  and  51  feet  in  width.  The  depth 
of  the  chancel  is  35  feet.  The  height  of  the  side  walls  is  20  feet; 
to  the  top    of  the    gables,    55   feet.       The    widtli    in    the    transepts    if. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


2\ 


no  feet.  To  the  south  of  the  nave  is  an  aisle  separated  from 
the  former  by  an  arcade  of  five  arches.  From  both  the  lecturn  and 
the  pulpit  every  seat  in  the  edifice  is  plainly  visible.  The  organ-cham- 
ber is  to  the  north  of  the  chancel,  whilst  south  of  it  are  the  robing- 
room,  8  by  13  feet,  and  the  rector's  study,  16  by  27  feet.  Underneath 
these  two  rooms  is  a  choir-vestry,  30  by  34  feet.  In  the  front,  at  the  north- 
west corner  of  the  Church,  is  a  baptistery  12  by  12  feet.  The  main  en- 
trance on  the  west  side  is  through  a  narthex,  10  bv  24  feet,  which  connects 


Christ  Church,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. 

the  Church  and  the  tower.  The  latter,  which  is  erected  at  the  sole  ex- 
pense of  Mr.  Albert  Tower,  President  of  the  Fallkill  Iron  Co.,  is  20  by  20 
feet  at  the  base,  and  culminates  in  a  spire  at  the  height  of  120  feet.  This 
also  is  built  of  Longmeadow  stone.  Through  the  tower  is  an  archway 
from  which  opens  another  door  into  the  narthex.  Two  porches  ofTer 
additional  access  to  the  transepts.  On  the  north  of  the  robing-room  is 
a  door  for  the  rector's  use.  An  appropriate  scheme  for  stained-glass 
windows  has  been  prepared  bv  Messrs.  Clayton  &  Bell  of  London.  The 
chancel  window  is  a  memorial  to  Bishops  Alonzo  and    Horatio  Potter, 


2\6 


A'/Xa'S  JIAXDHOOk'   OF  liPISCOI'AL    CHURCHES. 


who  in  early  days,  had  close  affiliations  with  tliis  parish.  In  the  organ- 
chamhor  is  a  superb  three-manual  instrument  from  the  factory  of  Messrs. 
J.  11.  \'  C.  S.  Odell.     The  woodwork  of  the  Church  is  antique  oak. 

In  the  course  of  time  it  is  purposed  to  add  a  Parish  House  and  a  Rec- 
torv.  connecting  these  with  each  other  and  with  the  Church  by  means  of 
covered  passages.  Tlie  total  cost  of  the  structure,  including  the  furnish- 
ing of  it,  has  so  far  been  about  8120,000.  The  bulders  are  Messrs. 
George  Mertz  tS:  Sons  of  Portchester,  N.  V. 

THE  PACKER  MEMORIAL  CHURCH  (Lehigh  University), 
South  Bethlehem,  Penn. — The   H(jn.  Asa    Pa.cker  of  Mauch  Chunk  ap- 


propriated during 
for  the  purpose  of 
To  the  end  that 
the  instruction  to 
him  "  The  Lehigh 
by  the  Legislature 
death,    which    oc- 


his  life  nearly  one    million  of  dollars 
founding  an   instituti(Mi  of    learning. 
it  might  be  open  to  all,  he  declared 
be    forever  free.       It   was   named  by 
L'niversit},"    and    was    incorporated 
of    Pennsylvania  in   1866.     After  his 
curred  on  the    17th    of  May,   1879,  it 
was  found  that 
he    had     b  e - 
queathed    to    it 
by  his  will  the 
sum       of      two 
millions  of  dol- 
lars.      Of    this 
most    generoAis 
bequest,  a  mil- 
lion and  a  half 
were  to  be  ap- 
plied     to     the 
general  endow- 
ment    of      the 
L^niversity :  and 
half    a    million 
to  establish  and 
maintain    a    Li- 
brary, the  beau- 
tiful edifice  for 
which    he     had 
caused     to     be 
erected   during  his    life,    and    had    dedicated    as    a    memorial    to    his 
daughter,    Mrs.    Lucy   Packer    Linderman.        On    tlie   9tli   of   October, 


Packer  Memorial  Church,  South   Bethlehem,  Pa. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK'   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         21/ 

1879,  and  every  year  since  then,  Founder's  Day  has  been  cele- 
brated in  memory  of  the  munificence  of  Mr.  Packer.  Unusual  interest 
was  given  to  Founder's  Day,  1885,  by  the  impressive  ceremony  of  laying 
the  corner-stone  of  a  new  Church  in  memory  of  Asa  Packer.  The 
architect  is  Mr.  Addison  Hutfon.  On  that  occasion  the  Masonic  body, 
the  students,  clergy,  and  citizens,  formed  a  procession,  and  marched  to 
the  site  of  the  new  building,  where,  after  the  usage  of  the  Masons,  the 
traditional  builders  of  sacred  edifices,  and  by  the  solemn  ritual  of  the 
Church,  the  corner-stone  was  laid.  In  his  address,  Bishop  Rulison  said  : 
"  This  Church  will  be  the  glory  of  this  University,  for  by  its  teaching 
men  will  be  influenced  towards  goodness  and  made  strong.  When  I 
look  around  me,  and  see  signs  of  the  wisdom  and  beneficence  of  Asa 
Packer  in  these  splendid  buildings  and  spacious  gardens,  I  thank  God 
for  this  good  example;  and  when  I  think  of  the  meaning  and  far- 
reaching  influence  of  this  day's  service  and  ceremony,  I  am  profoundly 
grateful  to  her  who,  while  she  is  living,  is  crowning  her  father's  work 
and  her  mother's  prayers  in  memory  of  them  and  to  the  glory  of  God." 

Founder's  Day,  1887,  was  a  day  of  great  joy,  for  on  that  occasion 
Bishop  Howe  consecrated  the  completed  building  in  the  presence  of 
a  great  gathering  of  people.  The  sermon  was  preached  by  Bishop 
Potter,  who  at  its  conclusion  said  :  "  That  which  lends  an  especial 
charm  to  the  gift  which  is  this  day  made  to  God,  and  to  this  University, 
is  that  it  is  a  gift  for  the  highest  good  of  young  men  from  a  woman, 
and  that  even  as  a  woman  was  honored  and  ennobled  in  giving  to  the 
race  the  Saviour  whom  we  worship  here,  so  a  daughter  of  our  Israel 
opens  to  her  younq  brothers  within  these  courts  a  place  of  access  to  His 
presence."  The  Church  edifice  cost  $250,000.  It  is  one  of  the  largest, 
as  it  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  elaborately  finished.  Churches  in  the 
Diocese  of  Central  Pennsylvania. 

ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH,  Portchester,  N.  Y.— Portchester  is  in 
Westchester  County,  near  the  Connecticut  State  line,  on  Long  Island 
Sound.  It  is  a  beautiful  place,  and  fast  becoming  a  favorite  summer  resort. 
Some  years  ago  the  parish  of  St.  Peter's  met  what  seemed  to  be  a  great 
misfortune,  viz.,  the  loss  of  their  Church  building  by  fire  ;  but  the  energy 
and  liberality  of  the  people,  combined  with  the  skill  of  the  architect,  Mr. 
A.  P.  Brown  of  New  York,  have  secured  a  building  so  unique  in  its  ap- 
pearance, so  commodious  in  its  seating  space,  and  so  well  suited  for  its 
sacred  uses,  that  the  loss  of  the  former  building  is  not  to  be  regretted. 
The  new  Church,  a  rectangle  with  no  lateral  projections,  is  126  by  60 
feet,  not  including  the  tower.  The  tower  is  massive,  and  is  intended 
to  carry  a  chime  of  bells  and  a  clock.     It  is  arched  on  the  first  section. 


2lS 


K/XG'S  HAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CUCRCllKS. 


so  as  to  form  a  carriage-way  to  the  door.  There  are  three  other  main 
doorways  in  the  front,  leading  into  a  vestibule,  over  which  is  a  gallery. 
The  walls  outside  are  of  blue  stone  and  gray  limestone;  inside  they  are 
finished  with  roughened  plaster.  There  is  a  main  alley-way  and  two 
side  alleys.  At  the  eastern  end  are  three  arches.  On  the  south  is  the 
organ,  and  back  of  it  the  choir-vestiy.  On  the  north  is  a  small  Chapel, 
and  back  of  that  the  rector's  vestry.  The  sanctuary  is  between  the  two 
vestry-rooms,  and  in  front  of  it  is  the  space  for  the  choir.  There  are  no 
columns  in  the  building,  the  ro(jf  being  supported  by  heavy  trusses. 
The  ceiling  is  finished  in  wood,  laid  in  panels.  The  seating  space  on  the 
floor  is  for  live  huiulred,  and  the  gallery  will  seat  jierhaps  one  hundred 
more. 

The  probable  cost  of  the  building  when  finished  will  be  about  S6o,ooo. 
The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  S.  W.  Young.  The  parish  is  very  ener- 
getic, and  has  a  Sunday-school  of  three  hundred  members,  and  a  list  of 
communicants  exceeding  three  hundred. 

ST.  ANN'S  CHURCH,  Kennebunk,  Me.— This  building,  at  one 
of  the  most   pleasant  summer   iL-soris  on  the-  coast  .-)f  Maine,  has  been 


constructed  to  meet  the  needs 
mainly,  some  of  whom  are 
in  other  places,  it  may  become 
gregation  also.     The  architect 


St.  Peter's  Church,  Portchester,  N.  Y. 


of  the  summer  population 
Church  people,  although,  as 
a  home  for  a  permanent  con- 
is  Mr.  H.  P.  Clark  of  Boston. 
It  is  built  of 
shore  rocks,  ta- 
ken from  the 
,-,  shore     directly 

where  the 
Church  build- 
ing is  located. 
They  are  very 
large  rocks,  and 
of  various  col- 
ors and  shapes. 
The  walls  are 
about  three  feet 


thick,  and  they  show  just  the  same  on  the  inside  as  on  the  outside,  except 
in  the  chancel,  which  is  lined  up  with  fire-bricks.  The  altar  and  re-table 
are  built  upon  their  foundations  of  brick,  with  slate-stone  slabs  on  top. 
The  windows  for  the  chancel  are  of  heavy  lead  and  stained  glass.  The 
doors  are  of  oak  plank,  bolted  and  hung  with  wrought-iron  hinges. 
The  roof  is  franvd  with  hard  pine.     The  trusses  are  semicircular  arciies 


KING'S  HANDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         219 

on  knees  and  hammer-beams.  The  chancel  arch  is  finished  with  stained 
shingles.  The  ceiling  in  the  chancel  is  plastered,  and  will  eventually  be 
decorated  in  color.  The  stone  font  will  stand  in  the  tower  vestibule. 
The  cornerstone   of  the  building  was  laid  August  22,  1887,  by  Bishop 


St.  Ann's  Church,  Kennebunk,  Me. 

Neely.     The  Church  stands  east  and  west  upon  the  solid  rock  of  the 
coast. 

THE  CHURCH  OF  THE  GOOD  SHEPHERD,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
(The  Ingersoll  Memorial). — The  lot  and  the  building  are  the  gifts  of  Mr. 
Elam  R.  Jewett,  and  are  in  memory  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Edward  Ingersoll, 
who  for  many  years  was  the  rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Buffalo.  The 
Memorial  is  a  Gothic  building,  85  feet  long  and  52  feet  across  the 
transepts.  It  is  built  of  blue-stone,  and  has  a  red-tiled  roof.  The 
chancel  is  eastward.  The  floor  of  the  vestibule  is  of  red  and  chocolate- 
brown  tiles.  The  interior  of  the  Chapel  is  especially  worthy  of  close 
attention.  Here  are  already  memorials  to  many  departed  friends,  while 
the  entire  decorative  scheme  has  been  subordinated  to  the  memorial 
character  of  the  place.  In  general,  the  interior  woodwork,  the  pews, 
and  wainscotings,  chancel  furniture,  etc.,  are  of  oak.  The  ceiling  is 
carried  to  the  roof  timbers,  which  are  finished  in  their  natural  color,  as 
are  the  rounded  timber  arches  which  span  the  nave.  The  side  walls 
are   finished  in  rough  plaster,  which  is  carried  up  between  the  bents  of 


220 


h'/XG'S  IIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    C/irA'Cf/KS. 


the  roof.  On  this  plaster  ground-work  has  been  wrought  out  an 
effective  color  scheme  in  oil,  the  tints  passing  from  deep  red  on  the 
side  walls  to  olive  and  russet  greens  and  quiet  yellows  overhead.  The 
general  tone  of  the  chancel  decorations  is  deeper  than  in  the  nave.  A 
broad  frieze,  embracing  in  its  designs  various  appropriate  emblems,  is 
carried  around  the  walls,  being  broken  wherever  roof-timbers  are 
encountered.  The  windows  are  bordered  by  decorative  bands  in  har- 
mony with  the  frieze.     The  principal  window  is  a  triplet  in  the  cliancel, 


ffiCfflORISL 


Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


erected  in  memory  of  Mr.  Elam  R.  Jcwett.  It  is  exceedingly  beautiful 
in  design  and  color.  The  middle  portion  represents  the  Good 
Shepherd.  There  are  other  memorial  windows,  and  memorials  of 
other  kinds.  The  building  is  completely  furnished,  including  a  very 
sweet-toned  organ.  One  of  the  most  interesting  features  in  the  fur- 
nishing of  the  building  is  the  presence  of  some  articles  used  in  old 
Trinity  when  Dr.  IngcrsoU  was  its  rector.  These  are  the  font  and  the 
pulpit  and  the  Bible.  The  building  was  consecrated  May  21,  1888,  by 
Bishop  Coxe.  The  Church  has  a  .seating  capacity  of  three  hundred. 
The  new  parish  is  in  charge  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  H.  Rerrj\ 


A'lXG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CIIURCUES. 


\2\ 


ST.  ANDREW'S  CHURCH,  Jacksonville,  Florida  (A  Memorial  of 
Bishop  Young). — This  new  Church,  after  designs  of  Mr.  R.  L.  Schuyler, 
architect,  of  Fernandina,  Fla.,  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  satis- 
factory pieces  of  architecture  in  the  South.  It  is  built  of  pressed 
brick  laid  in  black  mortar,  the  trimmings   being  of  stone.     The  ground 


plan  is  cruciform,  the  vestry- 
gan-chamber  on  the  other  form- 
and  nave  are  separated  by  three 
eel,  in  addition  to  the  usual 
choir  of  forty  voices.  The  in- 
ing  is  of  Florida  pine,  caretull) 
together.  The  doors,  a  special 
hogany.  The  ceiling  is  panelled 
rises  to  a  height  of  120  feet,  and 


room  on  one  side  and  the  or- 
ing  the  transepts.  The  chancel 
arches  of  masonry.  The  chan- 
furniture,  has  seats  for  a  vested 
terior  woodwork  of  the  build- 
selected  and  as  carefully  put 
gift,  are  made  of  solid  ma- 
with  }^ellow  pine.  The  tower 
is  the  highest   now  in  the  city. 


St.  Andrew's  Church,  Jacksonville,  Fla. 


The  baptistery  opposite  the  tower  entrance  is  a  pleasant  feature  of  the 
building.  The  whole  interior  is  very  attractive.  The  seating  capacity 
is  for  three  hundred,  but  two  hundred  more  can  be  crowded  in.  The 
building  is  a  memorial  of  the  late  bishop  of  the  diocese,  who  took  a 
great  interest  in  the  work  of  the  parish,  which  had  sprung  out  of  a 
mission  of  St.  John's.     This  mission  became  independent  in  1886  and 


222  A-/.\c;s   IIA.XDIiOOK   OF   EPJ SlO]'.\ I.    C// fUCJ/F.S. 

is  now  in  a  prosperous  condition.     It  has  ovcr#onc  hundred  communi- 
cants.    The  new  Ciuirch  was  oynned  for  tlie  first  time,  Easter,  i<S88. 

THE  CHAPEL  OF  ST.  PETER  AND  ST.  PAUL,  at  St.  Pauls 
School,  Concord,  N.  H. — The  old  Chapel  of  St.  Paul's  School  was  a  low 
brick  building  which  answered  the  needs  of  the  School  in  the  early 
days  of  the  enterprise,  but  which,  as  the  School  grew,  became  entirely 
too  small.  The  interior  was  very  attractive,  but  its  overcrowded  con- 
dition compelled  the  erection  of  a  new  building.  The  Alumni  of  the 
School  became  very  active  in  securing  funds.  Beginning  in  1882,  they 
reported  in  1884  that  they  had  raised  by  gifts  and  subscriptions  $51,000, 
about  half  the  needed  amount.  This  fund  grew  slowly  until  1886. 
Upon  the  thirtieth  anniversary  of  Dr.  Coit's  mastership  of  the  School  in 
that  year  the  committee  reported  that  the  sum  proposed  to  be  raised 
was  now  all  pledged. 

The  plansof  Mr.  Henry  Vaughan,  architect,  of  Boston,  were  adopted, 
and  in  July,  1886,  ground  was  broken  in  tlie  field  between  the  School- 
house  and  the  Lower  School,  Woodbury  &  Leighton  of  Boston  being  the 
contractors  for  the  building,  and  Evans  &  Tombs  for  the  woodwork. 
The  corner-stone  was  laid  by  the  bishop  of  the  diocese  and  the  honored 
founder,  Dr.  Geo.  C.  Shattuck,  on  St.  Matthew's  Day,  September  21,  1886. 
The  style  of  architecture  is  late  decorated  Gothic.  The  general  arrange- 
ment is  like  that  of  the  great  school  and  college  Chapels  of  England. 
The  plan  consists  of  a  chancel,  choir,  ante-chapel,  organ-chamber,  and 
vestries.  The  entire  length  inside  measures  150  feet.  The  e.xterior  is 
built  of  Eastern  pressed  brick  and  Springfield  sandstone  in  about  equal 
proportions.  The  window  mullions  and  tracery  are  of  stone.  The 
tower  at  present  is  only  carried  up  clear  of  the  roof  and  temporarily 
covered  in.  When  completed  it  will  rise  above  the  ridge  60  feet.  The 
principal  entrance  is  at  the  west  end,  and  has  a  richly  panelled  interior 
oak  porch  which  opens  into  the  ante-chapel  vestibule.  This  Chapel  is 
separated  from  the  choir  by  a  richly  carved  open  oak  screen  and  gates. 
Over  the  screen  is  a  gallery  capable  of  accommodating  fifty  persons.  At 
the  west  end  of  the  Chapel  stands  the  font,  which  is  of  pink  Kno.wille 
marble,  octagonal  in  form  ;  the  sides  of  bowl  and  pedestal  are  enriched 
with  sunk  traceried  panels.  The  font  stands  upon  a  North  River 
blue-stone  platform,  and  has  a  carved  oak  pyramidal-shaped  cover  six 
feet  in  height.  The  cover  is  to  be  suspended  from  an  ornamental 
wrought-iron  crane.  The  choir  is  78  feet  9  inches  long  by  31  feet  6 
inches  wide,  and  48  feet  in  height.  The  roof  is  boarded  on  the  under 
side  of  the  timbers,  which  are  so  arranged  as  to  make  the  sides  and 
angles  of  the  polygonal  soffit  equal.     The  roof  is  of  oak,  and  is  divided 


JCIXG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


223 


inlo  fiv^e  bays  by  arched  trusses  springing  from  slender  stone  shafts  ; 
these  bays  are  again  divided  into  square  panels  by  moulded  ribs  with 
carved  bosses  at  the  intersection.  The  seats  are  arranged  in  the  usual 
choir  fashion,  facing  north  and  south,  those  at  the  back  being  raised 
higher  than  those  in  front.  The  stalls  occupy  the  entire  length  of  the 
walls  and  return  against  the  west  screen.  The  screen  at  the  back  of 
the  stalls  has  a  carved  hood,  and  is  like  the  west  screen  ;  in  fact,  the  de- 
sign is  carried  around  the  three  sides  of  the  choir,  the  only  difference 
being  that  the  screen  is  open  work  and  the  back  of  the  stalls  is  panelled. 
The  chancel  is  35  feet  long  by  25  feet  6  inches,  and  is  49  feet  high  from 


Chapel  of  St.   Peter  and  St.   Paul,   St.   Paul's  School,   Concord,  N.  H. 

the  choir  floor.  It  has  a  groined  oak  roof,  the  ribs  of  which  spring 
from  stone  shafts.  At  the  intersection  of  these  ribs  are  large  carved 
bosses.  The  altar  is  of  pink  Knoxville  marble,  and  consists  of  a  slab  9 
feet  by  2  feet  10  inches,  which  projects  from  the  base  on  three  sides, 
the  overhang  being  supported  by  six  short  octagonal  columns  with 
foliated  caps.  The  lower  part  of  the  altar  is  decorated  on  the  front  and 
sides  with  square  panelled  compartments  richly  foliated,  and  each  con- 
taining a  shield  upon  which  emblems  of  the  Passion  are  carved.  The 
re-table,  and  what  will  be  the  base  of  the  future  reredos,  are  qf  red  Eng- 
lish Carlisle  stone.  The  altar  is  raised  three  feet  six  inches  above  the 
choir  floor  on  seven  steps,  the  first  being  at  the  entrance  of  the  chancel, 


22  I  A'/.\<;'.s   //.l.\J)BOOA'   OF  EPISCOr.lL    CUCRCllKS. 

and  the  .second  at  iliat  of  the  sanctuary.     The  foot-pace  and  two  top- 
most steps  are  returned  so  as  to  form  a  base  for  the  altar  to  stand  upon. 
The  steps  are  of  North  River  blue-stone.     The  floor  of  the  chancel,  the 
centre  passage  of  the  choir,  and  the  whole  of  the  ante-chapel  and  vesti- 
bule, are  laid  with  red  tiles.     The  windows,  with  the  exception  (jf  the 
Paine  memorial  window,  are  filled  with  delicately  tinted  cathedral  glass 
in  diamond  quarries.     Over  the  altar  hangs  a  dossal  of  deep  olive  plush, 
which  is  very  effective.     The  altar  cross,  39  inches  in  height,  is  of  brass 
gilt,  with  medallions  of  the  Agnus  Dei   in  the  centre,  and  the  symbols 
of  the  Evangelists  in  the  four  corners.     The  candlesticks  and  altar  desk 
are  of  the  same  material,  and  very  beautiftxj   in  design.     Tiie  bishops 
chair  is  a  Glastonbury  chair  of  oak,  richly  carved,  having  a  mitre  in  the 
centre.     The  credence  and  clergy  bench  are  of  oak,  of  simple  but  efTec- 
tive  design.     The  lecturn,  of  oak,  consists  of  a  revolving  double  shelf 
upon  a  pedestal,  with  he-\agonal  base,  all  richly  carved.     A  beautiful 
stained-glass  window  has  been  placed  in  the  chancel  opposite  the  organ 
by  John  and  Ogle  Tayloe  Paine,  as  a  memorial  to  their  mother.     It  was 
made  by  Clayton  &  Bell  of  London,  and  its  subject  is  the  Noble  Army 
of  Martyrs.     It  contains  figures  of  Joseph,  Abel,  Zacharius,  Daniel,  St. 
Sebastian,  St.  Stephen,  St.  James  the  Less,  and  St.  Laurence.     On  the 
wall   near  by  is  a  brass  plate  containing  the  words,  "To  the  glory  of 
God,  and  in  memory  of  our  mother,  Julia  Dickenson  Paine.     Entered 
into  life  February  25,  1872."     The  organ,  which  consists  of  great  choir 
and   swell    organs,  with    forty  speaking  stops,   built    by    Hutchings  of 
Boston,  is  a  memorial    to  Mr.  Augustus  Muhlenberg   Swift,  an    "old 
boy,"  and  for  many  years  one  of    the  masters.      The  erection  of  the 
memorial  is  mainly  due  to  the  efYorts  of  his  life-long  friend,  Mr.  James 
C.  Knox,  the  organist  and   choir-master  of  the  School.     The  case  is  of 
oak,  and  has  been  carefully  designed  to  harmonize  with  its  surround- 
ings.    It  consists  of  a  central   rectagonal   tower,  and  two  side  square 
towers,  beautifully  carved,  and,  with  the  silvered  pipes,  it  forms  one  of 
the  most  striking  features  of  the  interior.     The  instrument  itself  is,  as 
those  who  have  heard  it  can  testify,  superb,  and  all  that  one  could  de- 
sire for  the  building  in  which    it  stands.     Under  the  organ-chamber  is 
the  choir-vestry,  where  there  are  ample  closets  for  the  surplices  of  the 
choristers,  and  next  it  is  the  clergy-vestry.     The  gas-fixtures  consist  of 
simple   long   pendants   with   clusters   of   five   lights,   suspended    from 
wrought-iron  brackets,  which  spring  from  the  stone  shafts.     The  build- 
ing is  heated  by  steam,  radiators  being  placed  under  the  floor,  and  the 
steam  being  supplied  from   the  boiler-house  in  the  rear  of  the  School- 
liousc.     The   special   gifts,    in    addition   to  the  stalls,  the  organ,   and 
mrniorial   window,  are  the  altar,  altar  cross,    altar  desk,    candlesticks. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         22$ 

font,  and  bishop's  chair.  The  V  Form  of  1887-88  are  to  put  in  a 
memorial  window  to  three  of  their  classmates,  and  the  V  Form  of  1886- 
87  are  to  give  the  pulpit,  while  the  V  Form  of  1884-86  have  given  the 
stalls  for  the  rector  and  vice-rector. 

TRINITY  PARISH,  Portland,  Oregon.— This  is  the  oldest  of  the 
many  parishes  in  the  Northwest,  having  been  organized  on  Sunday, 
May  18,  1 85 1,  and  from  its  size,  wealth,  and  influence  is  the  most  im- 
portant within  the  diocese  of  Oregon.  The  first  consecration  within 
the  diocese,  and,  it  is  believed,  the  first  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  was  made 
in  this  parish  on  Sunday,  September  24,  1854.  As  these  facts  are  usually 
of  more  than  passing  interest  to  the  churchman,  a  brief  reference  to 
its  early  history  can  hardly  be  deemed  out  of  place.  The  most  reliable 
information  upon  this  subject  is  contained  in  a  monograph  prepared  by 
Hon.  Matthew  P.  Deady,  United  States  District  Judge,  who  has  been 
for  many  years  a  vestryman  of  the  parish.  "  Trinity  Parish  was  organ- 
ized by  the  election  of  wardens  and  vestrymen  after  the  Morning 
Prayer  on  Sunday,  May  18,  1851,  at  the  Methodist  House  of  Worship, 
at  a  meeting  held  for  that  purpose,  and  presided  over  by  the  Rev. 
William  Richmond,  it  being  the  first  parish  organized  in  the  diocese  of 
Oregon  and  Washington.  The  first  Church  erected  in  Trinity  Parish, 
situated  on  the  northwest  corner  of  Third  and  Oak  Streets,  was  on  Sun- 
day, September  24,  1854,  consecrated  by  the  Right  Rev.  Thomas  Field- 
ing Scott,  D.D.,  missionary  bishop  of  the  diocese,  who  administered 
the  rite  of  confirmation  therein  to  three  persons.  These  were  the  first 
persons  confirmed  in  the  parish,  and  this  was  the  first  Church  conse- 
crated in  the  diocese,  and,  so  far  as  understood,  on  the  Pacific  Coast. 
In  January,  1853,  the  congregation  comprised  twenty-five  persons,  four 
of  whom  were  communicants.  The  following  are  the  names  of  the 
clergymen  who  have  officiated  in  the  parish  from  time  to  time  since  its 
organization  to  the  present  day:  in  1851  to  1853,  Rev.  William  Rich- 
mond and  Rev.  St.  Michael  Facken  ;  1853,  Rev.  John  McCarty,  D.  D. ; 
J854,  Rev.  John  McCarty  and  the  Right  Rev.  Thomas  Fielding  Scott, 
D.D.,  first  missionary  bishop  of  the  diocese  of  Oregon  and  Washing- 
ton ;  1855,  the  Bishop  and  Rev.  Johnston  McCormac  ;  1856,  the  Bishop, 
Rev.  James  L.  Daly,  and  Rev.  John  Sellwood,  B.D.;  1857  to  i860,  Rev. 
John  Selwood,  B.D.;  i860.  Rev.  Carlton  P.  Maples  and  Rev.  Peter  E. 
Hyland;  1861  to  1865,  Rev.  Peter  E.  Hyland ;  1866  to  1871,  Rev. 
William  Stoy,  B.D.;  1871  to  the  present  time.  Rev.  George  Burton.  As 
appears  from  the  annual  journal  of  the  convocation  of  the  diocese  held 
in  September,  1871,  the  congregation  averaged  two  hundred  persons,  of 
whom   eighty  were  communicants.     In  1867,  the  growth  of  the  Church 


226  KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


Trinity  Church,  Portland,  Oregon. 


A- /JVC'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         22/ 

requiring  more  spacious  quarters,  the  wardens  and  vestry  of  the  parish 
purchased  the  south  half  of  Block  69  in  the  city  of  Portland,  200  by 
100  feet,  situated  on  Oak  Street  between  Fifth  and  Sixth  Streets,  two 
blocks  west  of  the  location  of  the  old  Church,  for  the  sum  of  $3,000.  Upon 
this  ground  the  building  of  the  present  Church  was  commenced  early 
in  the  year  1872,  and  the  first  service  was  held  therein  on  July  i,  1873. 
The  Church  is  built  of  Oregon  fir  and  cedar,  is  about  1 10  feet  long, 
about  50  feet  wide,  and  to  the  top  of  the  steeple  is  about  160  feet  high. 
It  contained  originally  eighty-seven  pews  with  a  seating  capacity  of 
some  five  hundred  persons;  since  then,  however, some  of  the  pews  have, 
for  convenience,  been  removed  and  the  seatingcapacity  reduced  to  some 
four  hundred  and  fifty.  The  original  cost  of  the  Church,  including  the 
sum  paid  for  the  building  site,  amounted  to  $31,717.30.  Since  that 
time  there  have  been  various  sums,  aggregating  a  large  amount,  expended 
in  repairs  and  improvements.  In  1874  a  memorial  window  to  Bishop 
Scott  was  put  in  the  east  end  of  the  Church  over  the  chancel  at  a  cost 
of  some  $1,220.  Likewise  in  1874  a  Rectory  was  erected  upon  the  ground 
at  a  cost  of  $5,000.  In  1873  Col.  Benjamin  Stark  of  New  London. 
Conn.,  formerly  a  resident  and  one  of  the  original  proprietors  of 
the  site  of  Portland  and  a  member  of  the  vestry,  presented  to  the 
Church  a  fine  bell  made  from  a  Spanish  cannon  manufactured  in  Seville 
in  1746.  This  bell  came  from  the  well-known  establishment  of  Messrs. 
E.  A.  &  G.  R.  Meneely  at  West  Troy,  N.  Y.  The  pew-rents,  which  for 
the  year  ending  June  30,  1874,  amounted  to  $3,984.98,  for  the  year  end- 
ing March  31,  1888,  amounted  to  $4,548.10.  There  are  two  hun- 
dred and  four  families  within  the  parish,  and  the  number  of  communi- 
cants enrolled  upon  the  register  is  about  three  hundred  and  fifty.  The 
parish  is  out  of  debt,  and  generally  the  prospect  for  the  future  is  bright. 
Since  March  5,  1873,  the  parish  has  been  incorporated  under  the  title 
of  "  The  Rector,  Wardens,  and  Vestrymen  of  Trinity  Parish,  Portland." 
The  following  have  been  the  rectors  of  the  parish  since  1872  :  Rev. 
George  Burton,  Rev.  Dr.  Nevins,  Rev.  George  Burton,  Rev.  George  F. 
Plummer,  1875  to  1 884 ; -Rev.  George  W.  Foote,  1884  to  the  present  time. 

THE  CHURCH  OF  THE  PRINCE  OF  PEACE,  Gettysburg, 
Penn. — Among  the  Churches  which  have  a  national  interest  is  the  one 
now  in  course  of  construction  at  Gettysburg,  Penn.  The  corner-stone 
was  laid  July  2,  1888,  the  anniversary  of  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  It  is 
to  be  a  memento  of  those  who  fought  or  fell  on  both  sides  in  the  late 
war,  and  as  a  nation's  thank-ofifering  for  Peace  and  Union.  The  site 
selected  is  on  the  corner  of  Baltimore  and  High  Streets,  on  the  road  to 
Gulp's  Hill  and  the  National  Cemetery.     The  walls  of  the  building  will 


228  KJ\G'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


Prince  of  Peace   Church,   Gettysburg:,   P 


K I  AG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         229 

be  constructed  of  granite  bowlders  taken  from  Round  Top  and  Devil's 
Den,  the  scene  of  part  of  the  battle.  The  exterior  walls  will  bear  the 
names  of  the  most  prominent  generals  of  the  war ;  the  interior  walls 
will  be  lined  with  tiles  and  stones  bearing  the  names  of  soldiers  who 
were  in  the  three-days'  battle,  and  of  others  who  took  any  part  in  the 
great  struggle. 

The  whole  building  will  be  a  thank-offering  for  the  return  of  peace, 
that  "  no  more  the  sword  bereaveth,"  and  as  a  token  that  this  nation 
"  shall  not  learn  war  any  more."  The  memorial  tiles,  tablets,  furniture, 
windows,  etc.,  will  not  be  confined  to  soldiers  of  the  Union  side,  but  the 
names  of  soldiers  of  the  Confederate  a'-my  are  to  be  admitted,  for  it 
has  been  well  said,  that  upon  the  loving  unity  of  the  Episcopal  Church 
the  civil  war  made  no  mark,  and  hence  such  a  building  may  embrace 
the  memorials  of  both  sides  in  rearing  a  lasting  temple  to  the  Prince 
of  Peace. 

There  is  no  predicting  the  noble  mission  of  such  a  building  in 
cementing  the  bonds  of  peace  between  the  now  reunited  sections  of  our 
country,  as  well  as  directing  the  thoughts  of  all  men  from  earthly  strife 
to  the  joy  which  shall  come  when  His  will  is  done  on  earth  as  it  is  in 
heaven. 

ST.  PETER'S  CHURCH,  Morristown,  N.  J— Morristown  is,  in 
the  minds  of  most  readers  of  American  history,  associated  with  Wash- 
ington, being  the  place  where  he  established  his  headquarters  when 
some  of  the  most  stirring  events  of  the  war  of  the  Revolution  were  in 
progress  in  178 1.  It  was  here  that  the  famous  mutiny  of  his  troops 
took  place,  because  of  their  sufferings  from  lack  of  food  and  clothing. 
Of  late  years  the  beauty  of  the  situation  has  attracted  many  new- 
comers, so  that  this  venerable  town  has  grown  to  be  a  place  of  much 
wealth  and  earnestness.  The  old  parish  dates  back  to  1827,  and  the 
first  Church  was  erected  in  1828.  The  present  rector  is  the  Rev.  Dr.  R. 
N.  Merritt,  who  has  been  the  rector  since  September  28,  1853. 

The  corner-stone  of  the  present  building  was  laid  November  i,  1887, 
and  the  work  is  in  progress  in  sections;  the  first, containing  the  Chapel, 
transepts,  and  chancel,  will  be  finished  first,  and  the  others  are  to  follow 
when  the  means  are  provided.  The  architects  are  McKim,  Mead  & 
White  of  New  York.  The  completed  plans  include  a  nave,  aisles, 
tower,  transepts,  and  chancel.  The  south  transept  is  to  form  a  Chapel, 
and  the  north  transept  will  include  two  vestry  rooms — one  for  the  choir 
and  the  other  for  the  clergy.  The  tower  in  the  middle  of  the  west 
front  occupies  a  considerable  part  of  the  space,  and  rises  up  in  noble 
proportions,  terminating  in  battlements,  and  with  an  octagonal   turret 


230  A'JXG'S  HAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

running  up  the  south  side  and  overtopping  the  battlements.  The  walls 
are  of  great  blocks  of  square  cut  stones,  and  the  wiiole  cfTect  of  the 
building  will  be  singularly  massive  and  dignified. 

There  are  as  yet  but  few  of  such  Churches  in  this  country,  but  many 
resembling  this  are  to  be  seen  in  England,  and  from  there  the  architects 
doubtless  have  received  their  suggestions.  The  pc^rtion  now  in  course 
of  erection  will  cost  about  S^o.ooo.  but  the  completed  building  will 
require  a  total  outlay  of  over  $110,000.     This   work    is  interesting,  not 


St.  Peter's  Church,  Morristown,  N.  J. 

only  because  of  the  character  of  the  building,  but  because  it  illustrates 
how  a  parish  can  build  by  sections,  and  finish  when  the  means  are 
provided.  In  this  way  a  far  nobler  building  can  sometimes  be  secured 
than  if  all  were  attempted  at  once. 

ST.  STEPHEN'S  CHURCH,  Olean,  N.  Y.— The  first  historical 
record  of  any  Church  work  in  Olcan  was  made  upon  the  17th  of 
February,  1829,  by  the  Rev.  W.  W.  Rostwick,  of  Bath,  who  received 
into  the  Church  by  Baptism  five  persons.  The  first  organized  effort  to 
establish    a  Church   took    place    February    22.    1830.     The    Rev.  J.   W. 


A'/.VG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


231 


Ashton  commenced  his  duties  as  rector  on  April  i,  1883.  The  com- 
mencement of  his  pastoral  duties  marked  a  new  era  in  the  history  of  the 
parish,  which  at  that  time  was  laboring  under  the  discouragement  of  a 
heavy  debt ;  but  in  a  few  months,  owing  to  the  generous  liberality  of  the 
members  of  the  Church  (especially  Mr.  G.  V.  Forman  and  wife,  who 
cancelled  notes  and  mortgages  against  the  Church  amounting  to 
$1,355)  and  the  energy  of  the  rector,  it  was  paid  off.  From  that 
time  the  Church  began  to  give  evidence  of  new  life.  During  the 
spring  of  1884   the  old    building  was    renovated  and  beautified.      For 


St.  Stephen's  Church,  Olean,  N.  Y. 


the  last  five  years  the  growth  has  been  remarkable.  Church  work, 
directed  by  the  rector,  has  been  carried  on,  through  the  agencies  of 
the  various  guilds,  with  unceasing  energy.  In  May,  1884,  a  lot  was 
purchased  by  the  ladies  of  the  Pastor's  Guild,  and  upon  which  the 
old  Church  now  stands,  while  the  congregation  wait  for  the  com- 
pletion of  the  new  edifice.  The  Rectory  has  been  improved  under 
their  auspices  by  the  addition  of  many  modern  conveniences.  At  a 
meeting  of  the  vestry  held  July  ii,  1887,  it  was  voted  unanimously 
that  the  vestry  proceed  to  the  erection  of  a  new  Church.  The  com- 
mittee selected  Mr.  R.  W.  Gibson,  of  New  York  City,  as  the  architect. 
The  corner-stone  was  laid  on  August  6,  1888,  by  the  rector,  Rev. 
jas.  W.  Ashton,  in  the  absence  of  the  bishop. 


232  A'/A'G'S  IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

This  building  is  erected  upon  an  advantageous  site.  The  west 
front  is  toward  a  large  open  square,  well  adorned  with  trees.  The 
style  adopted  is  Gothic,  adapted  to  modern  Church  requirements. 
The  ground  plan  of  the  Church  consists  of  chancel,  nave,  and  side- 
aisles,  with  shallow  transepts.  The  side-aisles  are  reduced  to  a  width 
of  about  four  feet,  so  as  to  serve  for  passage-ways  only,  none  of  the 
congregation  being  seated  behind  pillars  or  other  obstructions.  This 
enables  the  pillars  to  be  erected  of  a  substantial  design  and  size,  giving 
the  interior  a  dignified  effect.  The  transepts  are  here  introduced  to 
give  variety  and  picturesqueness  to  the  design,  as  well  as  to  enlarge 
the  seating  capacity  near  to  the  pulpit.  The  mason  work  of  the  interior 
is  finished  in  plaster,  ornamented  with  mouldings  and  carved  capitals. 
The  windows  at  the  west  end  in  the  transepts  and  chancel  are  large 
tracery  windows,  while  those  in  the  nave  aisles  are  comparatively  small 
and  simple.  A  clere-story  gives  a  double  window  at  each  bay  or 
division  of  the  nave.  The  roof  has  open  timber  work  of  pointed 
arch  form,  all  finished  in  wood,  and  stained.  The  roof  work  rests 
direct  upon  the  pillars  of  the  nave,  which  have  no  arches.  This 
arrangement  enables  a  clere-story  to  be  used  in  a  height  which 
would  not  permit  of  it  otherwise,  with  much  more  effect  than  is 
usually  obtained  at  a  moderate  cost.  Other  features  of  the  internal 
arrangements  are  the  narthex,  running  completely  across  the  west  front 
and  communicating  with  the  two  side  aisles  afore  mentioned,  with  a 
large  vestibule  in  the  tower  at  the  northwest  corner.  The  vestries, 
rector's  study,  and  choir  rooms,  with  separate  entrances,  are  at  the  sides 
of  the  chancel ;  and  on  the  north  side  a  large  Chapel  or  Sunday  school- 
room, so  arranged  as  to  be  available  for  a  Parish  House  or  Public  Hall, 
is  added  with  convenient  access.  Externally  the  building  has  walls  of 
Medina  stone,  of  a  rich  brown  color,  with  bold  pointed  arches  and  water 
tables,  and  other  trimmings  of  cut  stone  of  finest  quality.  A  hand- 
some square  tower  with  open  belfry  stands  at  the  northwest  corner. 
It  is  finished  with  a  battlemented  coping  and  a  pinnacle  on  one  corner, 
but  without  a  spire.  The  roofs  are  of  dark  slate,  and  with  gables  and 
dormers  form  a  very  picturesque  group  as  seen  from  either  side.  The 
extreme  length  of  the  Church  externally  is  about  ninety-eight  feet; 
internally  the  nave  is  about  fifty-five  feet,  and  the  chancel  and  sanctuary 
about  thirty  feet.  The  width  of  the  nave  to  the  centres  of  the  pillars 
is  about  thirty-three  feet,  and  the  width  inside  across  transepts  fifty-one 
feet.  The  tower  is  about  sixty  feet  from  the  ground  to  the  top  of  the 
pinnacle,  and  the  west  gable  forty-five  feet.  The  Church  will  accom- 
modate 423  persons,  allowing  liberally  for  seating  space  ;  with  seats 
arranged  so  closely  as  is  sometimes  done,  the   building  will   hold    520. 


KING'S  IIAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


233 


The  chancel  is  a  noble  one,  of  a  size  sufficient  to  receive  seats  for  a 
full  choir,  in  case  they  should  be  needed. 

THE  GEORGE  W.  SOUTH  MEMORIAL  CHURCH  OF  THE 
ADVOCATE,  Philadelphia,  Penn. — Having  recently  begun  its  life  in 
purely  missionary  ground,  the  history  of  this  Church  is  necessarily 
brief.  The  Diamond  Street  Mission,  as  it  was  first  called,  was  es- 
tablished by  the  Northwest  Convocation  of  Philadelphia.  The  Rev 
W.  W.  Silvester  entered  upon  the  rectorship  May  22,  1887.     The  site  of 


Church  of  the  Advocate,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

the  buildings,  with  a  frontage  of  175  feet  and  extending  back  222  feet, 
was  purchased  Nov.  26,  1886,  by  the  two  ladies  who  are  building  the 
Memorial  in  memory  of  their  brother.  The  corner-stone  of  the  Chapel 
was  laid  by  the  Rt.  Rev.  O.  W.  Whitakeron  the  30th  of  May,  1887.  On 
Easter  Day,  April  i.  1888,  the  Hall  of  the  Parish  House  began  to  be  used 
for  the  services.  The  Chapel  was  consecrated,  Wednesday,  May  30,  1888. 
The  number  of  communicants  is  about  200,  the  families  225.  The 
buildings  repres'fented  in  the  engraving,  which  does  not  include  the  dwel- 
ling of  the  rector,  north  of  the  Chapel  on  Eighteenth  Street,  are  built  of 
rock-faced  Port  Deposit  granite  ;  the  window  traceries  and  all  the 
weatherings  and  mouldings  of  Beaver  County  sandstone,  hammer- 
dressed.  On  the  northwest  corner  of  the  lot  is  the  Parish  House.  On  the 
lower  floor  are  seven  class  rooms  for  Sunday-school  purposes,  divided 


234  A'/XG'S  HA\'DBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

by  movable  partitions  or  sashes  of  wood,  capable  of  accommodating  a 
school  of  six  hundred.  On  the  second  lloor  is  a  hall  furnished  with  500 
opera  chairs.  The  third  floor  is  to  be  fitted  up  for  a  gymnasium.  The 
Church  which  is  nut  yet  built,  is  to  occupy  the  front  space,  and  run  the 
entire  distance  from  Eighteenth  to  Gratz  Street.  The  hint  for  the  design 
is  the  Cathedral  of  Amiens;  the  architect  is  Mr.  Chas.  M.  Burns,  jun.^ 
of  Philadelphia.  This  movement  is  remarkable,  because  the  funds 
were  supplied  in  such  abundance  by  the  sisters  of  Mr.  South,  and  the 
plans  for  buildings  and  work  were  so  wisely  laid.  What  has  thus  far 
been  done  is  the  promise  of  one  of  the  noblest  of  Church-extension 
enterprises,  and  indicates  to  wealthy  persons  a  manner  in  which  their 
means  can  be  consecrated  to  the  best  uses. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  — In  1S55  there  seemed  to 
some  of  the  people  of  St.  Luke's  an  opportunity  to  establish  a  new 
parish  on  East  Avenue.  The  Rev.  Benjamin  Watson,  then  the  rector  of 
St.  Luke's,  held  the  first  service  preliminary  to  organization.  A  lot  was 
purchased  in  June.  1855,  and  a  building  was  begun  in  September  of  that 
year.  The  first  rector  was  the  Rev.  Henry  A.  Neely,  now  the  Bishop  of 
Maine.  The  other  rectors  have  been  the  Rev.  Dr.  Anthony  Schuyler, 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Walton  W.  Battershall,  the  Rev.  Joseph  L.  Tucker,  and 
the  Rev.  Dr.  W.  D'Orville  Doty.  The  latter  has  been  in  charge  since 
Dec.  2,  1877.  The  original  building  has  been  enlarged  and  improved, 
a  Rectory  and  a  Parish  House  have  been  built,  and  now  the  noble  struc- 
ture described  below  has  been  begun.  Christ  Church  has  been  a  vigor- 
ous parish  from  its  very  beginning.  Its  rectors  have  been  well  fitted 
for  their  work,  and  so  the  parish  has  been  steadily  growing  in  vigor  and 
usefulness,  until  now,  under  the  present  activ^e  management,  it  bids  fair 
to  spring  into  especial  prominence. 

This  fine  structure  (of  which  only  a  small  portion  is  yet  built)  was 
designed  by  Mr.  Robert  W.  Gibson,  architect,  of  New  York  City,  the 
designer  of  the  Albany  Cathedral.  It  has  one  feature  in  common 
with  the  Cathedral,  which  is  found  in  nearly  all  Churches  bv  this 
architect.  This  is  the  narrow  side  aisle  used  for  passage  only,  and 
permitting  the  use  of  massive  and  impressive  columns  and  arches  to 
the  nave  without  subjecting  any  member  of  the  congregation  to  the 
discomfort  of  sitting  behind  a  column.  The  building  is  134  feet 
long  by  70  feet  wide  outside  the  main  walls.  It  consists  of  a  noble  nave 
88  feet  long,  48  feet  wide  from  centre  to  centre  of  pillars,  and  76  feet  high 
from  floor  to  ridge.  This  contains  all  the  seating  space.  The  aisles  add 
8  feet  to  the  width  on  each  side  for  passage-ways.  The  transepts  project 
only  to  the  aisle  wall,  and  are  introduced  chiefly  to  permit  of  the  great 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         235 

traceried  window  which  opens  into  them.  The  Church  being  phiced 
across  the  lot  on  which  it  is  built,  with  the  two  ends  almost  touching 
the  boundaries,  and  the  sides  turned  toward  the  streets,  prevent  the  reli- 
able use  of  the  customary  large  east  and  west  windows.  The  transepts 
and  windows  therefore  form  useful  as  well  as  striking  features  in  the  de- 
sign. The  aisle  windows  are  lancets  of  moderate  size.  The  clere-story 
is  large,  with  traceried  windows  in  triple  lights.  A  narthex  across  the 
west  end  of  nave  gives  convenient  access  to  both  sides  of  the  Church, 
and  permits  the  main  wall,  being  recessed,  to  be  ornamented  with  a 


Christ  Church,   Rochester,  N.  Y. 

wheel  window.  The  roof  is  an  open  one,  of  pointed  arch  form.  The 
chancel  is  33  feet  deep  and  36  wide,  with  octagonal  ends.  The  panel  at 
back  of  the  altar  has  no  window,  but  will  support  a  lofty  reredos.  Tall 
mullioned  windows  fill  the  panels  on  either  side.  The  style  is  geometri- 
cal Gothic  of  a  French  character.  The  seating  accommodation  is  seven 
hundred  persons,  including  choir,  and  without  galleries.  The  square 
tower  rises  with  plain  lower  stories  with  very  small  openings  to  support 
a  belfry  of  rich  design.  Small  arches  and  shafts  on  each  side  subdivide 
a  deep  recessed  single  arch.  There  is  a  round  turret  at  each  corner,  one 
containing  the  stair  being  larger  than  the  others.     A  steep  roof  forming 


\l6 


A'/XC'S  HA.\DBOOK   OF  KPISCOPAl.    CJIURCHES. 


an  attic  story  above  the  parapet  completes  this  very  effective  feature. 
The  building  stands  so  far  back  from  the  street,  that  advantage  is  taken 
of  the  space  to  form  a  kind  of  quadrangle  or  cloister  ;  the  Church  ap- 
proach on  one  side  and  the  Rectory  on  the  other,  with  covered  cloisten 
affording  a  ready  communication.  The  materials  are  the  local  Albion 
stone  for  walls  and  black  slate  for  roofs.  Christ  Church  is  an  unusually 
original  and  forcible  design  of  a  fine  type  of  Gothic  architecture. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Herkimer,  N.  Y.— Herkimer,  like  most  of  the 
villages  in  the  upper  Mohawk  Valley,  was  originally  settled  by  the 
"  Palatine  Dutch  " 
Palatinate  of  Bava- 
miist  have  been  the 
for  some  reason 
Dutch  Reformed 
was  the  only  de- 
village.  Gradually, 
found  elsewhere  es- 
about  i85othe  Epis- 
gan  to  bestir  them- 


— Germans  from  the  Rhenish 
ria.  Lutheranism  accordingly 
religion  of  the  first  settlers,  but 
they  became  absorbed  in  the 
Church,  which  for  many  years 
nomination  of  Christians  in  the 
however,  the  various  bodies 
tablished  themselves  here,  and 
copaliansof  the  neighborhood  be- 
selves.     In  i?35,  though  they  had 


Christ  Church,  Herkimer,  N.  Y. 

only  two  communicant  members  at  the  time,  they  succeeded  in  erecting 
a  frame  Church  of  small  size.     From  time  to  time  additions  were  made, 


KIiYG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         237 

and  a  Chapel  and  a  Rectory  were  built.  But  for  the  past  four  years  it 
has  been  clear  that  a  new  Church  was  sorely  needed,  and  that  the  parish 
must  secure  a  new  site  in  a  more  central  part  of  the  village. 

In  1886  a  lot  96  by  150  feet  was  bought  in  a  most  eligible  location  on 
the  corner  of  the  Main  Street,  immediately  south  of  the  Court  House, 
and  here  a  beautiful  building  is  now  in  process  of  erection.  The  design 
is  by  Mr.  R.  W.  Gibson,  of  New  York.  It  embraces  a  Church  with  lofty 
tower,  Parish  Building,  and  Rectory,  all  of  the  handsome  Higginsville 
blue  sandstone,  trimmed  with  Longmeadow.  The  upper  stories  of  the 
Rectory  are,  however,  of  timber  work,  shingled.  The  Church  is  ecclesi- 
astically correct,  yet  not  without  features  of  decided  originality.  The 
roof  is  supported  mainly  by  the  heavy  outside  buttresses  and  heavy 
brick  pillars  which  rise  from  the  floor  to  the  roof  within.  The  aisles 
thus  formed  are  used  simply  as  passage-ways,  the  seats  being  only  in  the 
nave.  The  chancel  is  deep — twenty-six  feet, — and  seated  for  a  large 
choir.  The  roof  is  open  to  the  peak,  the  rafters  and  braces  showing 
within.  The  altar  is  well  elevated,  and  triple  lancets  in  the  wall  above  are 
sufficiently  high  to  allow  for  a  reredos.  The  great  west  window  is  a 
striking  and  beautiful  feature  also.  The  Parish  Building  forms  an  L, 
running  south  from  the  chancel  end  of  the  Church,  and  contains  a 
wainscoted  guild-room  below  and  a  Sunday-school  room  above.  The 
Rectory  adjoins  the  Parish  Building,  with  which  it  communicates  on 
the  east.  Altogether,  the  whole  group  is  wonderfully  harmonious  and 
picturesque. 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  Towanda,  Penn.— Towanda  is  a  thriving  town 
in  the  north-central  part  of  Pennsylvania,  on  the  Susquehanna  River. 
The  building,  now  in  course  of  construction,  is  from  the  plans  of  Pierce 
&  Dockstader,  architects,  Elmira,  N.  Y.  A  building  was  begun  some 
years  ago,  and  a  great  deal  of  money  was  spent  in  laying  the  foundations 
to  adapt  them  to  the  peculiarities  of  the  lot,  but  the  work  stopped  and 
no  progress  toward  completion  was  made  for  a  long  time.  When  the 
present  architects  began  their  labors  they  utilized  as  much  as  they 
could  of  the  portion  already  begun.  When  finished  the  Church  will  be 
one  of  the  most  attractive  buildings  of  moderate  size  in  the  State.  The 
walls  are  of  native  white  conglomerate  rock,  probably  the  most  durable 
stone  in  the  world.  The  roof  is  of  Pennsylvania  black  slate  with  terra- 
cotta crestings.  The  interior  is  finished  in  native  oak  on  the  grain,  with 
plastered  walls  and  ceilings.  The  basement  contains  the  Chapel,  with 
Bible-class  rooms,  library,  vestry,  choir-room,  infant  department,  two 
parlors,  two  toilet-rooms,  hall  and  three  vestibules,  with  heating  appa- 
ratus in  the  sub-basement.     This  is  possibly  owing  to  the  Church  being 


2;S 


A'/XG'S  HAXDBOOK'   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


located  on  a  very  steep  side-hill,  with  the  rear  three  full  stories  high, 
while  the  front  is  on  a  level  with  the  street.  The  first  floor  contains  the 
nave,  and  side  aisles,  and  chancel.  The  organ  and  robing-room  are  on 
opposite  sides  of  the  chancel,  with  vestibule  at  each  side.  The  stairs 
give  access  from  the  robing-rooms  and  front  vestibules  to  the  basement, 
and  the  stair-turret  gives  access  to  the  second  story  of  the  tower.     The 

height  of  the  interior  corre- 
sponds with  that  of  the  e.\- 
terior,  finishing  clear  to  the  roof 
with  Gothic  open-timber  con- 
struction. The  columns  of  the 
front  porches  are  of  polished 
granite,  and  the  carved  capitals 
are  worked  out  of  blue-stone. 
The  rector  is  the  Rev.  Wm.  Ed- 
gar Wright. 


NOTES. 
I.  The  grouping  of  the  par- 
ishes included  in  thi.s  third  di- 
vision has  been,  as 
far  as  possible,  ac- 
^^^  cording  to  the  dates 
of  the  construction 
'h'-'^  of  their  present  edi- 
».rT_'m  •  fices.  and  not  accord- 
ing to  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  parishes 
themselves,  or  of 
their  relative  size. 
2.  The  selection  of  these  parishes  as  notable  must  not  be  inter- 
preted to  the  disadvantage  of  others.  Some  of  the  reasons  for  the 
selection  of  these  as  notable  have  already  been  given  in  the  Preface  ; 
and  it  is  believed  that  each  one  has  justly  earned  such  a  distinction, 
whether  it  be  as  the  representative  of  a  style  of  architecture,  or  of 
modes  of  work,  or  of  a  school  of  thought,  or  of  some  special  influence 
in  a  community.  At  the  same  time  it  must  be  remembered  that  the 
American  Church  is  happy  in  having  several  hundred  other  parishes 
which  have  achieved  equal  prominence  in  these  respects. 


Christ  Church,  Towanda,  Penn. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


239 


Catijetrrals  iiiiTi  J^r:o=<Kati)ctrrals. 

THE   BISHOP'S  CHURCH  IN   THE  SEE   CI  TV.     THE  DEVELOPMENT 
OF  THE    CATHEDRAL   SYSTEM. 


A 


CATHEDRAL  is  a  bishop's  Church.  It 
may  be  a  very  grand  structure  or  it  may  be 
very  humble.  Size,  grandeur,  costHness,  do 
not  make  it  a  Cathedral.  A  log  structure 
would  be  entitled  to  the  name  if  it  were 
adopted  as  the  centre  of  diocesan  interests., 
and  especially  controlled  by  the  bishop  as 
his  Church.  Most  of  the  foreign  Cathedrals 
are  stately  edifices,  the  chief  glory  of  the 
places  in  which  they  stand.  Their  dimen- 
sions are  vast,  their  proportions  graceful,  and 
their  carvings  in  wood  and  stone  exquisite. 
Many  years  were  spent,  much  sicill  was  em- 
ployed, and  untold  treasures  were  lavished  in 
their  construction.  Nothing  is  more  marked 
in  the  history  of  the  English  Church  than  the  use  which  is  made  of  its 
Cathedrals  to-day.  In  the  sluggish  periods  of  the  life  of  that  Church 
they  stood  rather  as  the  monuments  of  the  piety  and  zeal  of  former  gen- 
erations than  as  helps  for  meeting  the  needs  of  the  people.  A  great 
change  has  taken  place,  for  now  the  Cathedrals  are  made  again,  as  they 
were  intended  to  be,  most  effective  helps  for  influencing  the  religious 
life.  To  say  nothing  of  the  regular  daily  services  of  prayer  and  praise  to 
which  all  are  freely  welcomed,  and  which  are  made  attractive  by  the  finest 
musical  skill, — the  special  sermons  and  lectures,  by  the  best  preaching 
talent  in  the  land,  draw  together,  at  frequent  intervals,  crowds  sufficient 
to  fill  all  the  seating  capacity  of  some  of  the  largest  of  these  great 
buildings.  The  question  has  often  been  discussed  as  to  whether  the 
Cathedral  and  the  Cathedral  system  should  be  adopted  in  this  country. 
By  some  it  is  declared  to  be  undesirable,  but  by  others  it  is  thought  to 
have  advantages  of  which  the  Church  should  avail  itself. 

It  is  not  the  purpose  of  this  book  to  argue  the  question,  but  simply  to 


240  A'/.VG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CI/UPC//ES. 

give  illustrations  of  some  of  the  Cathedrals  already  erected  or  in  prog- 
ress. There  are  now  about  sixteen  Cathedrals  and  Pro-cathedrals  in 
the  United  States,  and  others  are  in  prospect.  The  most  e.xtensive  of 
these  movements  is  that  in  New  York  City,  under  the  leadership  of  Bishop 
Potter.  A  splendid  location  has  been  secured,  and  large  subscriptions 
have  been  offered  for  a  Cathedral  that  shall  be  a  credit  to  the  great 
metropolis  and  to  the  strong  Diocese  of  New  York.  No  architectural 
plans  have  as  yet  been  adopted. 

THE  CATHEDRAL  OF  ST.  PETER  AND  ST.  PAUL,  Chicago, 
111.— This  is  the  oldest  Cathedral  of  the  American  Church  in  ihe  United 
States.  In  his  first  address  (1852),  the  second  bishop  of  Illinois,  the  Rt. 
Rev.  Henry  J.  Whitehouse,  D.D.,  LL.D..  brought  the  subject  of  a  Cathe- 
dral to  the  attention  of  the  diocese.  Property  was  subsequently  pur- 
chased in  what  is  now  the  most  busy  portion  of  the  city.  but.  owing  to 
ditliculties,  it  was  not  retained  for  Cathedral  purposes.  Subsequently  a 
»small  stone  Church  with  a  wooden  chancel,  on  the  West  Side,  corner  of 
Peoria  and  West  Washington  Streets,  known  as  the  Church  of  the  Atone- 
ment, embarrassed  with  debt,  and  likely  to  fail,  was  bought,  and  on 
Easter.  1861,  it  was  first  occupied  as  "the  Bishop's  Chapel."  Shortly 
after,  thirty-nine  feet  were  added  to  its  length,  and  transepts  were  built. 
The  Rev.  John  Wilkinson  was  the  first  chaplain,  and  he  was  succeeded 
by  the  Rev.  S.  B.  Duffield.  After  Bishop  Whitehouse's  return  from 
England  in  1867.  he  appointed  four  canons — the  Revs.  J.  H.  Knowles 
and  G.  C.  Street,  both  still  resident  in  Chicago,  and  the  latter  now  an 
Honorary  Canon  ;  George  J.  Magill.  and  C.  P.  Dorset.  There  was,  how- 
ever, no  Chapter  organized,  nor  has  there  been.  The  Cathedral  is  now 
working  under  a  temporary  code  of  statutes  set  forth  by  the  present 
bishop.  The  Rev.  J.  H.  Knowles  was  in  charge  at  the  time  of  the  con- 
secration of  the  Rt.  Rev.  William  E.  McLaren,  D.D..  D.C.L.,  as  third 
bishop  of  Illinois  (now  bishop  of  Chicago).  December  8,  1875,  and  re- 
mained until  1884.  Since  then  temporary  engagements  have  been  had, 
until  in  1888  the  Rev.  Luther  Pardee  was  appointed  Dean.  In  1876  the 
Cathedral,  which  was  three  feet  below  the  r\cw  grade  of  the  street,  was 
raised  sufficiently,  and  thereby  greatly  improved.  About  five  years  ago 
a  Clergy  and  Choir  House  was  built  on  an  adjoining  lot  at  an  expense 
of  about  $20,000,  which  was  donated  by  Dr.  Tolman  Wheeler.  Mr.  T.  D. 
Lowther  of  Chicago  has  been  a  constant  benefactor,  and  has  given  not 
far  from  §100.000,  mostly  in  land,  which,  being  within  the  city  limits,  will 
ultimately  furnish  an  endowment  for  the  Cathedral.  Once  in  a  "good 
quarter,"  it  is  now  surrounded  by  business  and  boarding  houses,  and 
must  have  such  a  means  of  support  in  order  to  carry  on  its  important 


KING'S  HANDBOOK    OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


241 


work.  The  Cathedral  lias  been  the  recipient  of  many  gifts  as  memorials, 
the  most  striking  being  the  stone  reredos  and  white  marble  altar.  A 
surpliced  choir  has  sung  the  Cathedral  music  for  more  than  twenty  years 


Cathedral  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  Chicago,  III. 

past.  The  Convention  meets  annually  in  the  Cathedral,  the  Retreats 
and  "Quiet  Days  "  are  held  there,  and  ordinarily  Ordinations  take  place 
there. 

DAVENPORT  CATHEDRAL,  Davenport,  Iowa.— The  corner-stone 
of  Davenport  Cathedral  was  laid  by  the  Rt.  Rev.  Henry  Washington  Lee, 
D.D.,  LL.D.,  first  bishop  of  Iowa,  June  27,  1867.  It  was  consecrated  by 
the  same  prelate,  June  18,  1873,  Bishop  Whipple  and  Bishop  Clarkson 
taking  part  in  the  services,  the  former  preaching  the  sermon.  The  archi- 
tect of  the  Cathedral  was  Mr.  Edward  T.  Potter,  brother  of  the  Bishop 
of  New  York,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  successful  buildings  to  which  his 
genius  has  given  form.  The  extreme  length  is  142  feet,  extreme  breadth 
60  feet,  the  height  to  the  top  of  the  stone  roof  56  feet.  It  is  built  of  a 
gray  native  limestone  faced  with  a  yellowish  limestone  from  Joliet.  111. 
The  aisles  are  divided  from  the  nave  by  a  row  of  slender  and  widely 
spared  iron  columns,  from  which  spring  the  arching  timbers  supporting 
the  high  open  roof.     The  elaborate  groining  of  these  timbers,  which  are 


242 


A-/\G'S  //.LVD  BOO  A'   o/    J. /'I  SCO/' A /,    C//U/^C//ES. 


decorated  in  excellent  taste,  in  colors  and  gold,  produces  an  admirable 
effect  as  seen  against  the  deep  ultramarine  of  the  ceiling.  The  windows 
are  all  filled  with  stained  glass.  Tiie  most  of  them  are  memorials.  The 
large  wheel-window  fitly  commemorates  our  first  missionary  bishop,  Jack- 
son Kemper.  The  deepapsidal  chancel  is  lighted  by  nine  beautiful  lancet- 
windows.     The  woodwork  of  the  Church,  which  is  most  carefully  fin- 


Davenport  Cathedral,  Davenport,  Iov\'a. 


ished,  is  of  butternut.  The  lower  stages  of  a  tower  are  built,  on  which  it 
is  intended,  one  day,  to  place  a  stone  spire.  In  his  opening  sermon.  Bishop 
Whipple,  reminding  those  who  heard  him  that  the  service  of  the  Church 
should,  to  have  real  value,  express  the  feelings  of  hearts  united  to  Christ, 
for  otherwise  the  beautiful  ritual  would  be  in  God's  sight  but  as  kingly 
garments  upon  a  corpse,  said  :  "  The  Cathedral  Church  gives  the  diocese 
what  not  every  parish  Church  can  give — daily  prayers  and  the  weekly 
Eucharist.  No  day  should  ever  dawn  without  the  incense  of  daily  prayer. 
The  lonely  missionarv,  the  parish  priest,  and  the  faithful  Christian  hin- 


KIiVG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         243 

dered  from  such  devotion,  will  be  strengthened  by  the  unceasing  worship 
which  here  goes  up  to  God.  The  Cathedral  elevates  the  tone  of  worship 
throughout  the  diocese.  There  was  a  day  when  men  revolted  against 
superstition,  and  in  the  zeal  for  simplicity  "they  stripped  the  Church  to 
baldness.  The  King's  daughter  should  be  clothed  in  the  garments  of 
beauty.  The  graceful  lines  of  architecture,  the  vaulted  roof,  the  stained 
glass,  the  carving  of  the  sanctuary,  and  the  precious  emblems  of  our 
faith,  may  all  elevate  our  souls,  and  give  us  a  deeper  realization  of  God's 
presence  in  His  Church."  In  Davenport  Cathedral  the  daily  prayers  are 
said  morning  and  evening  throughout  the  year,  without  interim,  and  the 
Holy  Communion  is  celebrated  every  Sunday,  Wednesday,  and  Thursday, 
and  on  all  holy-days. 

The  Cathedral  was  erected  at  a  cost  of  about  $75,000,  of  which  the 
late  David  J.  Ely  of  Chicago  and  New  York  gave  $15,000  to  make  a  me- 
morial of  a  beloved  daughter,  and  the  late  John  David  Wolfe,  and  his 
daughter  Miss  Catharine  Lorillard  Wolfe,  of  New  York,  contributed 
$25,000. 

TRINITY  CATHEDRAL,  Omaha,  Neb.— Rt.  Rev.  Geo.  Worthing- 
ton,  D.D.,  Bishop  of  the  Diocese;  Very  Rev.  C.  H.  Gardner,  Dean  of  the 
Cathedral  and  Rector  of  the  Parish  ;  Rev.  Jas.  Patterson  and  Rev.  Robt. 
Doherty,  D.D.,  Canons.  As  early  as  1835,  the  spot  where  Omaha  now 
stands  was  visited  by  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Gregory,  then  chaplain  in  the 
U.  S.  Army,  who  was  on  his  way  with  a  regiment  of  soldiers  from  Fort 
Leavenworth  to  Fort  Calhoun.  There  is,  however,  no  record  of  his  hav- 
ing held  services  in  this  place  at  that  time.  The  records  show  that  in 
1855  Rev.  Dr.  Peet,  then  of  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  came  to  Omaha  and  held 
a  service  in  the  old  Territorial  court-house,  In  the  following  year 
Bishop  Kemper,  accompanied  by  Bishop  Lee  and  the  Rev.  W.  N.  Irish, 
spent  a  Sunday  here;  and,  besides  holding  services  and  preaching,  they 
effected  a  parochial  organization.  The  date  of  organization  is  July 
13,  1856.  December  5  of  that  year  Rev.  Geo.  W.  Watson  assumed  the 
rectorship  of  the  new  parish.  A  lot  was  leased  on  the  southwest  corner 
of  Ninth  and  Farnham  Streets,  and  the  first  Church  building  was  erected 
thereon.  In  July,  i860,  Mr.  Watson  resigned  his  charge  of  the  par- 
ish, and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  John  West,  who  served  the  parish 
about  a  year.  After  him  came  Rev.  O.  C.  Dakes,  whose  ministry  lasted 
until  the  opening  of  the  year  1864.  Rev.  Wm.  H.Van  Antwerp  was  the  next 
rector  of  the  parish.  By  his  eflforts  the  lots  on  which  the  Cathedral 
now  stands  were  purchased.  Bv  a  curious  condition  of  the  lease,  the 
Church  building  on  the  corner  of  Ninth  and  Farnham  Streets  w^as  lost  to 
the  parish,  and  efforts  being  made  towards  the  erection  of  a  new  Church, 


244  KIXG'S  JIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         245 

a  successful  issue  was  reached  in  the  autumn  of  1867.  This  building, 
whicii  cost  $15,000,  was  destroyed  by  fire  November  10,  1869.  Upon  the 
resignation  of  Mr.  Van  Antwerp  in  1868,  Rev.  Geo.  C.  Betts  became 
rector,  and  remained  in  charge  one  year.  He  was  followed  by  the  Rev. 
John  G.  Gassman,  who  remained  three  years  as  rector.  It  was  during 
Mr.  Gassman's  rectorship  that  the  second  Church  building  was  burned. 
In  1869  a  very  plain  wooden  Church  was  erected,  which,  after  being 
twice  enlarged  (being  moved  on  to  the  street  when  ground  was  broken 
for  the  present  Cathedral),  was  used  until  May  14,  1882.  At  this  time  the 
basement  of  the  present  structure  was  roofed  over  and  used  as  a  place  of 
worship.  In  1868  the  vestry  of  Trinity  Parish  had  offered  their  Church 
to  Bishop  Clarkson,  as  his  pro-Cathedral,  which  offer  was  accepted,  and 
the  arrangement  held  good  until  1872,  when  the  Cathedral  system  was 
established.  In  this  year,  Mr.  Gassman  having  resigned.  Rev.  A.  C. 
Garrett  was  called  to  the  rectorship  of  the  parish,  and  became  the  first 
Dean  of  the  Cathedral.  Upon  the  elevation  of  Mr.  Garrett  to  the  epis- 
copate in  1874,  Rev.  John  D.  Easter  received  the  appointment  as  Dean, 
which  position  he  resigned  after  one  year  of  service.  In  the  autumn  of 
1876,  Rev.  Frank  R.  Millspaugh  was  duly  installed  as  Dean  of  the  Cathe- 
dral and  rector  of  the  parish,  which  position  he  held  for  upwards  of  ten 
years. 

As  early  as  1869  a  fund  was  started  having  as  its  purpose  the  build- 
ing of  a  permanent  edifice  in  the  name  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  which  should 
be  at  once  a  diocesan  Churcli  and  the  place  of  worship  for  the  members 
of  Trinity  Parish,  Omaha.  Plans  of  the  present  Cathedral  were  drawn 
by  Mr.  H.  G.  Harrison,  and  finally,  after  some  modifications,  they  were 
adopted.  Ground  was  formally  broken  May  18,  1880,  by  Bishop  Clark- 
son,  assisted  by  others.  May  26,  1880,  the  corner-stone  was  laid,  and 
November  15,  1883,  the  sacred  edifice  was  duly  consecrated,  several 
bishops  and  many  other  clergy  being  present.  Trinity  Cathedral,  as  it 
stands  to-day,  represents  an  expenditure  of  about  $100,000.  It  is  built  of 
blue  limestone  from  Illinois.  The  architecture  is  Gotnic,  of  the  English 
pointed  style.  The  building  is  cruciform,  with  nave,  aisles,  transepts, 
choir,  and  aclere-story.  The  chancel  is  apsidal.  At  the  northwest  corner 
of  the  Cathedral  is  a  massive  tower  which,  as  it  is  now  finished,  dwarfs 
the  building.  In  the  original  plan  it  was  to  have  had  a  spire  reaching 
two  hundred  feet  upwards,  but  this  feature  has  been  omitted,  and  the 
tower  has  been  finished  a  short  distance  above  the  bell-room.  The  in- 
terior dimensions  of  the  Cathedral  are  :  length  of  nave  and  choir,  116  feet; 
width  of  nave,  46  feet.  It  has  a  seating  capacity  of  between  six  and  seven 
hundred.  But  the  beauty  of  the  Church  is  its  interior.  The  carvings  and 
brass-work  are  exceptionally  fine.     Nearly  all  the  furniture,  adornments, 


24C»  A'/.VG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CIIL'KCHES. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         247 

and  windows  are  memorial  gifts.  Among  these  the  most  notable  should 
be  mentioned.  The  altar,  which  is  surmounted  and  flanked  by  a  hand- 
somely carved  reredos,  is  of  carved  oak  with  live  panels  in  bronze,  done 
in  high  relief  by  Sibell  of  New  York.  The  workmanship  of  these  bronzes 
is  said  to  be  extraordinarily  good.  The  effect  is  certainly  very  striking-. 
On  the  north  end  of  the  altar  the  panel  represents  the  Annunciation; 
on  the  north  front  the  subject  is  Gethsemane  ;  the  centre  panel  is  the 
Crucifixion  ;  the  south  front  panel  is  the  Resurrection  ;  while  that  on  the 
Southend  depicts  the  Ascension.  The  pulpit  and  choir  rail  are  of  old 
oak  superbly  carved.  Standing  in  floriated  niches  on  five  sides  of  the 
pulpit  are  figures  of  our  Saviour  and  the  four  Evangelists,  in  oak.  The 
lecturn  is  of  polished  brass.  The  four  large  candelabra  which  rise  from 
the  chancel  floor  are  also  of  polished  brass.  Lack  of  space  forbids  the 
mentioning  in  detail  the  other  furnishings  of  the  ciioir  and  chancel.  It 
is  noteworthy  that  the  tliree  great  windows,  one  in  each  transept  and  one 
at  the  west  end,  are  memorials  of  three  great  missionary  bishops  of  the 
Church,  viz.,  Selwyn,  Patterson,  and  Kemper.  A  very  sweet-toned  chime 
of  ten  bells  hang  in  the  tower.  Adjoining  the  Cathedral  on  the  south  a 
handsome  stone  Deanery  has  been  built  during  the  past  year,  at  a  cost  of 
about  $10,000.  A  short  time  after  Dean  Millspaugh's  resignation  Rev. 
C.  H.  Gardner  of  Utica,  N.  Y.,  was  elected  Dean  and  rector  of  Trinity 
Cathedral  Parish,  and  entered  into  residence  November  i,  1886.  There 
are  about  two  hundred  families  and  nearly  five  hundred  communicants 
connected  with  the  Cathedral. 

ST.  MARK'S  CATHEDRAL,  Salt  Lake   City,  Utah.— There   was 

something  heroic  in  planting  this  Cathedral  here  in  the  midst  of  Mor- 
mondom.  The  building  is  not  much  more  than  a  parish  Church,  in  fact 
is  smaller  and  less  ornate  than  many  parish  Churches  ;  but  simply  to  call 
it  a  Cathedral  was  to  dispute  the  false  claims  of  the  Mormon  Bishops, 
and  to  announce  that  a  true  Bishop  of  the  Church  of  God  had  taken  up 
his  residence  among  a  deluded  people.  Mormonism  has  not  yet  been 
overcome,  but  some  good  has  been  done.  There  are  disintegrating 
forces  at  work  whose  effects  are  beginning  to  be  seen.  The  religious  and 
educational  work  of  the  Episcopal  Church  and  of  other  bodies  of  Chris- 
tians, and  the  contact  with  the  outside  world,  are  bringing  results. 
The  Cathedral  congregation  is  made  up  largely  of  the  resident  Gentile 
population  (as  it  is  called)  and  of  visitors.  It  supports  its  own  ministra- 
tions and  provides  yearly  for  its  sick  and  poor.  The  value  of  the  present 
Cathedral  property  is  now  estimated  at  %\  15,000.  There  are  about  three 
hundred  communicants  and  nearly  four  hundred  persons  in  the  Sunday 
school.     In  May,  1867,  the  beginnings  of  St.  Mark's  Parish  were  made 


248  A'/.y(JS  HAM)BOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

by  two  young  and  energetic  priests,  Revs.  Geo.  W.  Foote  and  Thos.  W. 
Haskins.  Tliere  were  at  that  time  three  toniiniuiicants  of  the  Church 
in  this  city.  These  earnest  men  rented  a  small  hall  and  started,  together 
with  the  services  of  the  Ciiurch.  the  school  to-day  known  as  St. 
Mark's.  One  of  the  most  formidable  foes  that  Christianity  has  to  en- 
counter in  this  Mormon  country  is  ignorance.  As  there  are  no  public 
schools  worthy  the  name  in  Utah,  wherever  Christian  missionaries  have 
gone  their  earliest  efforts  have  been  to  establish  schools.  In  July  Rt. 
Rev.  D.  S.  Tuttle,  the  newly  consecrated  bishop  of  Montana,  Idaho,  and 
Utah,  with  the  Rev.  G.  D.  B.  Miller,  reached  Salt  Lake  City.  Both  the 
mission  and  the  school  steadily  grew,  till  at  the  end  of  three  years  the 
communicants  numbered  seventy-live,  and  two  hundred  and  twenty-five 
scholars  were  enrolled  in  St.  Mark's  School.  This  rapid  develop- 
ment was  felt  to  warrant  the  formation  of  a  parish.  In  November,  1870, 
a  parochial  organization  was  perfected  by  the  choice  of  two  wardens  and 
five  vestrymen.  Bishop  Tuttle  was  elected  rector.  Rev.  Mr.  Foote  re- 
signed. The  following  year  Rev.  R.  M.  Kirby  became  assistant  minister 
of  the  parish.  The  same  autumn  Rev.  Mr.  Haskins  started  St.  Mark's 
School  for  Girls  in  the  just-completed  basement  of  the  new  Cathedral. 
This  school  was  eminently  successful  from  the  beginning,  and  has  always 
been  self-supporting.  In  1872  St.  Mark's  Sclioolhouse  was  built,  a  cen- 
trally located  and  comfortable  home  for  the  school.  This  year  was  also 
marked  by  the  completion  of  St.  Mark's  Cathedral  and  the  foundation  of 
St.  Mark's  Hospital,  the  first  institution  of  its  kind  in  the  city.  The  need 
of  a  hospital  is  always  a  very  pressing  one  in  a  mining  community,  as  no 
class  are  more  frequently  exposed  to  danger  from  accident  than  miners. 
The  institution  has  derived  a  large  part  of  its  financial  support  from  reg- 
ular subscriptions  of  one  dollar  per  month,  paid  by  miners,  such  regular 
payments  entitling  them  when  sick  or  disabled  to  receive  care  and 
treatment  free  of  charge. 

Ascension  Day,  1874,  the  debt  having  been  entirely  paid,  St.  Mark's 
Cathedral  was  consecrated.  The  Cathedral  is  a  well-built,  substantial 
edifice  of  rough-hewn  brown  sandstone,  standing  on  rising  ground  a  lit- 
tle back  from  one  of  the  principal  streets.  When  entirely  completed, 
the  building  will  be  cruciform  in  shape,  with  nave,  east  and  west  tran- 
septs, and  recess-chancel.  Up  to  the  present  time,  however,  only  the  nave 
and  east  transept  have  been  built.  The  chancel  is  handsomely  furnished 
in  black  walnut,  the  bishop's  chair  being  a  remarkably  fine  piece  of 
workmanship.  Tlie chancel  window  is  a  memorial  of  the  Rev.  Morelle 
Fowler,  who  was  killed  February  6,  1871,  in  a  railroad  accident  while  on 
his  way  to  become  assistant  minister  of  the  parish.  After  purchasing  an 
organ,  the  ladies  of  the  Cathedral  congregation,  never  idle,  decided  to 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


249 


supply  the  need  of  a  home  for  the  pastor.  At  the  end  of  over  four  years 
of  labor,  in  May,  1887,  they  bought  a  house  and  lot  directly  adjoining  the 
Cathedral  on  the  east.  The  house  was  completely  renovated  and  refitted 
at  a  considerable  expense,  and  now  the  new  St.  Mark's  Rectory  makes  a 
most  comfortable  home  for  the  pastor  and  his  family.     In  the  basement 


St.  Mark's  Cathedral,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

of  the  Rectory  isthe  guild-room,  extending  the  whole  width  of  the  house, 
and  providing  a  place  of  meeting  for  the  many  societies  and  organizations 
of  the  parish. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CATHEDRAL,  Portland,  Maine.— At  a  Convention  of 
the  diocese  of  Maine,  held  October  31,  1866,  the  Rev.  Henry  Adams 
Neely,  D.D.,  assistant  minister  of  Trinity  Parish,  and  in  charge  of  Trin- 
ity Chapel,  New  York,  was  elected  bishop  of  the  diocese,  in  succession  to 


250  A'lXG'S  JIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

Bishop  Burgess.  The  consecration  of  the  new  bishop  look  place  Janu- 
ary 25,  1867.  He  entered  upon  his  duties  as  the  rector  of  St.  Luke's  in 
May  of  that  year.  The  parish  having  already  engaged  itself  to  build  a 
Cathedral,  S(jld  its  old  building  to  St.  Stephen's,  and  bought  a  new  lot 
on  State  Street.  The  corner-stone  of  the  Cathedral  was  laid  August  15, 
1867,  by  Bishop  Neely.  The  building  in  an  unfinished  condition  was 
occupied  for  the  first  time  on  Christmas  Day,  1868.  "The  zeal  of  the 
congregation  which  assembled  in  the  Cathedral  that  first  winter  was 
great,  and  if  the  bodies  of  the  worshippers  frequently  shivered  with  cold, 
the  cold  did  not  penetrate  to  their  hearts  or  alTect  the  fervor  of  their  souls, 
and  the  discomforts  of  the  first  few  months  were  doubtless  wonderful 
assistants  to  the  offertory  in  causing  those  who  suffered  from  these  incon- 
veniences, to  contribute  liberally  towards  their  speedy  removal."  Nine 
years  of  earnest  work  and  determined  endeavor  passed  before  the  heavy 
debt  incurred  in  building  the  Cathedral  was  extintiuished.  In  1876  a 
successful  efTort  was  made  to  pay  off  the  then  remaining  S35000,  and 
tlie  building  was  consecrated  St.  Lgke's  Day,  October  18,  1877.  The 
Instrument  of  Donation  speaks  of  the  three- fold  character  of  this 
Church.  I.  //  is  a  Parish  Church  for  the  congregation  therein  worship- 
ping ;  2.  It  is  a  Cathedral  as  a  permanent  home  official  residence,  and 
place  of  ordinary  ministration  of  the  Bishop  of  tlie  diocese.  3.  A  free 
and  open  Church  for  all  classes  and  conditions  of  men  in  which  no  pews 
should  ever  be  leased  or  sold.  Combining  the  Cathedral  and  parochial 
features  its  chapter  duly  incorporated  reserves  to  the  parishioners  a  full 
representation  in  that  body,  and  their  approval  of  appointments  of  cler- 
gymen ministering  in  the  Cathedral  under  the  Bishop. 

The  architect  of  this  structure  was  Mr.  C.  C.  Haight  of  New  Yc^rk. 
It  occupies  the  whole  breadth,  in  the  rear,  of  a  lot  140  feet  by  150  feet 
deep;  and  as  it  now  stands,  comprises  a  Nave,  Aisles,  Chancel,  Chapel, 
South  and  Southeast  Porches,  Clergy  and  Choristers"  Rooms,  covering  a 
space  of  140  by  65  feet.  The  material  is  a  dark  blue  limestone  laid  hori- 
zontally, but  not  in  courses,  and  not  faced  except  on  the  State  Street 
front,  and  the  door  and  window-caps  and  sills,  set-offs  of  buttresses, 
copings,  and  all  other  exterior  finishing,  are  of  a  Nova  Scotia  free  stone 
alternated  in  red  and  gray.  The  Nave  and  Chancel  form  a  continuous 
roof  60  feet  in  height,  the  chancel-arch  marked  by  the  slender  fleche  or 
spire  rising  on  eight  pointed  and  gabled  arches  to  a  height  of  100  feet. 
The  west  gable  is  crowned  by  a  substantial  stone  cross  rising  ten  feet 
above  the  roof,  and  the  chancel-roof  is  further  marked  by  an  elaborate 
cresting  of  wrought  iron.  The  Nave,  30  feet  by  100,  rises  above  the  aisles 
in  a  lofty  clerestory  lighted  by  twelve  triplet  windows,  and  supported  by 
broad  arches  resting  on  short  circular  columns,  monoliths  of  Nova  Sco- 


KING'S  HANDBOOK    OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


251 


tia  stone,  whose  capitals  are  left  yet  in  block  for  future  carving.  The 
aisles  are  quite  low,  13^  feet  by  100,  and  lighted  by  short  Early  English 
windows  in  couplets.  The  general  style  of  the  building  is  Early  Eng- 
lish, with  a  free  use,  however,  both  of  earlier  and  later  details,  the  capi- 
tals for  instance  being  mostly  of  a  late  Norman  or  transition  character, 
and  the  clerestory  and  great  altar  window  more  nearly  of  the  14th  cen- 
tury. One  of  the  finest  features  of  the  interior  is  the  great  window  at 
the  west  end  of  the  Nave,  of  five  separate  lancets,  from  eighteen  to  thir- 
ty-one feet  in  length  by  two  and  a  half  in  width.     This,  like  nearly  all 


Interior,  St.  Luke's  Cathedral,  Portland,  Me. 


the  windows,  is  filled  at  present  with  plain  cathedral  glass  with  colored 
borders,  and  it  is  difficult  to  realize  what  it  will  be  when  its  immense 
surface  is  made  one  gnand  picture  of  many  hues.  The  nave  and  aisles 
are  seated  with  substantial  but  movable  benches  of  ash,  of  a  simple  and 
graceful  design  adapted  from  those  in  the  choir  of  Ely  Cathedral.  The 
same  wood  (black  ash,  much  resembling  dark  oak)  is  used  throughout 
the  interior, — for  the  arches,  cross-braces,  collar-beams,  rafters,  purlines, 
and  ceiling  of  the  beautiful  open  roof,  for  window-sills,  doors,  wainscot, 
and  furniture.  From  the  aisles  to  the  South  and  South  East  porches 
and  Chapel,  open  broad,  double,  segmental-arched  and  deeply-panelled 
doors.  The  Chancel  is  separated  from  the  nave  by  a  lofty  arch  of  twenty- 
four  feet  span,  the  responds  quite  plain,  with  capitals  and  bases  some- 
what like  those  of  the  nave-piers  fone  capital   already  carved    in    Early 


252  A'lXG'S  IIAXDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

English  foliage),  and  by  a  low  parapet  wall  of  stone  with  a  trefoiled  cop- 
ing, thrown  out  at  the  north  end  in  a  deep  semicircular  projection  to 
form  the  yet  unfinished  pulpit,  which  is  destined  sometime  to  represent 
the  Ambo  or  Gospel-desk  of  the  Primitive  Church.  Its  four  circular 
panels  are  intended  for  bas-reliefs  in  Caen  stone.  The  Chancel,  26  feet 
square,  is  divided  about  equally  into  choir  and  sanctuary,  the  former  oc- 
cupied by  temporary  seats  for  the  Bishop,  clergy,  and  choristers.  The 
choir-pavement,  three  steps  above  the  nave,  is  of  encaustic  tiles,  alter- 
nately plain  and  figured,  in  the  centre  the  Evangelistic  symbol  of  St. 
Luke.  A  broad  curved  stone  step  and  simple  open  rail  of  ash,  lead  to 
the  Sanctuary,  and  three  more  steps  to  the  sione  footpace  of  the  altar. 
The  pavement  of  the  Sanctuary  is  of  rich  porcelain  tiling,  alternated  on 
the  lower  step  only  with  plain  tiles.  The  altar  with  its  re-table  and 
reredos,  all  worthy  of  the  noble  church,  represent  three  years'  olTerings 
($1,500)  of  the  ciiildren  of  the  parish,  being  their  part  in  the  building  of 
the  Cathedral.  The  Altar  itself  is  a  massive  table  of  white  Italian  mar- 
ble, eight  feet  by  three,  marked  by  five  inlaid  crosses  of  red  marble,  and 
supported  on  a  plinth  of  Caen  stone  with  five  deep  trefoiled  panels,  and 
engaged  corner-shafts  with  delicately  wrought  capitals  of  the  Passion 
flower.  The  cornice,  continuous  around  the  front  and  ends,  is  of  wheat 
and  grapes  alternated  with  foliage,  all  sharply  undercut,  and  very  grace- 
ful, even  where  conventional  in  form..  The  reredos,  ten  feet  in  width, 
by  seventeen  in  height  above  the  altar-level,  is  of  Nova  Scotia  stone  up 
to  and  including  the  re-table,  which  is  of  the  same  length  as  the  altar, 
and  quite  plain  and  massive.  Above  the  re-table  tlie  reredos  is  of  Caen 
stone,  in  three  unequal  trefoiled  pointed  arches. 

ST.  PAUL'S  PRO-CATHEDRAL,  Springfield,  111.— St.  Paul's 
Parish,  Springfield,  111.,  was  organized  in  |iine,  1835,  the  same  year  that 
witnessed  the  organization  of  the  old  diocese  of  Illinois,  and  the  election 
of  the  Right  Rev.  Philander  Chase,  D.  D..  to  the  bishopric  of  the 
diocese.  It  is  consequently  one  of  the  oldest  parishes  in  the  State  of 
Illinois.  The  preliminary  meeting  for  organization  was  held  on  the  7th 
of  June,  1835,  Bishop  Chase  being  present,  and  officiating  at  divine 
service  at  the  residence  of  Mr.  George  Forquer,  the  house  now  used  and 
occupied  as  the  Orphanage  of  the  Holy  Child,  of  the  Province  of 
Illinois.  On  the  19th  of  June  the  parish  organization  was  completed  by 
the  election  of  wardens  and  vestrymen.  The  Hon.  S.  H.  Treat,  then 
elected  a  warden,  served  continuously  for  nearly  fifty-two  years  there- 
after. The  Rev.  Samuel  Cliase  was  in  charge  of  the  parish  for  nearly 
two  years;  then  came  in  May.  1838,  the  Rev.  Charles  Dresser.  Under 
his  auspices  a  small   frame   building  was  erected  for  the  use  of  the  con- 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


253 


gregation.  It  was  used  for  the  first  time  on  Sunday,  September  i,  1838. 
The  parish  then  reported  fifteen  communicants,  and  about  the  same 
number  of  families.  It  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  first  house  occu- 
pied as  a  Rectory  of  this  parish,  and  built  and  owned  by  the  first  rector, 
was  afterwards  sold  to  Abraham  Lincoln,  and  has  become  historic  as  the 
homestead  of  one  of  whom  Springfield  may  justly  feel  proud.  The  Rev. 
Charles  Dresser  also  performed  the  marriage  ceremony  of  Abraham 
Lincoln  to  Mary  Todd,  the  record  of  which  is  extant  in  the  old  parish 
register.  During  the  Rev.  Mr.  Dresser's  rectorship  the  present  Church 
edifice  (with  the  exception  of  the  Chancel  and  Guild  Hall)  w^as  built. 


St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  Springfield,  111. 


Mr.  Henry  Dresser,  the  rector's  brother,  being  the  architect,  and  the 
building  was  consecrated  by  Bishop  Chase,  June  25,  1848.  The  main 
portion  of  the  present  Rectory  was  also  built  by  the  same  rector.  This 
energetic  pioneer  and  faithful  priest  resigned  the  rectorship  eleven  years 
before  his  death,  but  continued  to  reside  in  Springfield.  He  was  laid  to 
rest  March  27,  1865.  The  following  clergymen  have  successively  been 
rectors  of  the  parish  :  Rev.  James  W.  Pierson,  the  Rev.  Louis  P.  Clover, 
the  Rev.  W.  F.  B.  Jackson,  the  Rev.  Henry  Niles  Pierce,  D.  D.,  the 
Rev.  F.  M.  Gregg.  During  this  latter  rectorship  the  Diocese  of  Spring- 
field was  organized,  sixty  southern  counties  of  the  State  of  Illinois  being 
separated  from  the  old  diocese,  with  Springfield  as  the  See  City,  and  the 
Right  Rev.  Dr.  George  Franklin  Seymour,  New  York,   was  consecrated 


2  54         A'/XG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

the  first  bishop  of  the  diocese  in  Trinity  Church,  New  York,  on  St. 
Barnabas'  Day,  June  ii,  1878.  Tlie  bishop  did  not  come  to  reside  in 
Springfield  until  the  summer  of  1879;  Rev.  John  W.  Pliillips  held 
the  rectorshi})  from  June,  1878,  until  September,  1879.  In  October, 
1S79,  the  Rev.  Edward  A,  Larrabee  became  rector.  It  was  early  in  his 
rectorship  that  the  parish  building  was  made  the  bishop's  Pro-Cathedral, 
and  the  bishop  was,  by  action  of  the  Vestry,  accorded  ail  the  rights  and 
privileges  of  a  bishop  in  his  own  Cathedral  Church,  while  the  parochial 
constitution  of  tlie  parish  remained  intact.  The  bishop's  throne  (a 
memorial  of  Bishop  Ciiase)  is  in  the  chancel,  and  the  Church  is  the 
bishop's  home  wlien  he  is  not  on  visitation,  and  here  the  annual  Diocesan 
Synod  is  held.  The  Rev.  E.  A.  Larrabee  was  succeeded  in  the  Fall  of 
1884  by  the  Rev.  S.  Humphreys  Gurteen.  who  resigned  in  August,  1886. 
Tlie  Rev.  Frederick  Wm.  Taylor  entered  upon  the  rectorship,  Septem- 
ber, I,  1886,  and  is  still  discharging  the  duties  of  his  office.  He  is 
assisted  by  the  Rev.  H.  B.  Goodyear,  priest,  and  the  Rev.  Lloyd  E. 
Johnston,  deacon,  who  officiate  principally  at  the  two  Mission  Churches 
at  the  northern  and  southern  extremes  of  the  city,  belonging  to  St. 
Paul's.  The  parish  reports  about  315  communicants,  and  with  its 
missions,  about  400.  The  Church  building  is  a  quaint-looking  Gothic 
structure,  the  walls  built  of  rough  unhewn  stone.  The  tower  is  square, 
battlemented,  and  pinnacled,  and  covered  with  a  luxuriant  growth  of  the 
Virginia  creeper,  or  woodbine.  The  windows  are  large  double  lancets. 
The  interior  is  spacious,  with  seating  capacity  for  about  four  hundred. 
The  altar  is  imposing,  and  handsomely  adorned.  The  services  are 
numerous,  including  daily  Matins  and  Evensong  (which  has  been  the 
custom  since  All  Saints'  Day,  1873).  celebrations  of  the  Holy  Eucharist 
on  every  Sunday,  Thursday,  and  Holy  Day.  There  is  a  surpliced  choir, 
and  many  of  the  Sunday  services  are  full  choral,  with  a  somewhat  com- 
plete ritual,  with  the  eucharistic  vestments,  altar  lights,  and  other  acces- 
sories. The  Church  is  situated  near  the  public  square,  only  one  block 
removed  from  the  busiest  part  of  the  city. 

ST.  JOHN'S  CATHEDRAL,  Denver,  Col.— The  renascence  of  the 
Church  in  Denver  dates  from  1879,  when  that  extraordinary  "  boom  "  first 
showed  signs  of  vigor  which  has  built  a  beautiful  city  on  the  wide  expanse 
of  prairie.  Hitherto,  for  sixteen  years,  a  little  wooden  Church  seating 
some  two  hundred  and  fifty  had  been  found  sufficient  for  the  Sunday 
needs  of  the  Church  folk.  With  the  arrival  of  their  new  rector,  the  Rev. 
H.  M.  Hart,  and  inspirited  by  the  growing  prosperity  of  the  place,  the 
building  of  a  new  Church  was  at  once  undertaken.  The  bishop  offered  a 
site  on  condition  that  he  should  have  certain  diocesan  rights  in  the  new 


XJNG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


255 


Church,  so  making  it  his  Cathedral.  Five  years  later  these  rights  were 
more  definitely  expressed,  and  a  satisfactory  demarkation  made  between 
the  Cathedral  and  the  parish  Church.  The  bishop's  prerogative  and  dig- 
nity are  amply  respected,  and  the  rector,  who  is  necessarily  dean,  has 
his  position  and  rights  satisfactorily  conserved.  It  was  quite  evident 
that  a  great  future  was  before  the  Church,  and  that  to  meet  it  a  great 
Church  must  be  built.  But  where  were  the  funds  to  come  from  for  such 
an  undertaking?  There  were  then  no  rich  men  in  the  conimunity  ;  every 
one  had  every  dollar  of  his  capital  in  vigorous  use.     The  Church  had  had 


St.  John's  Cathedral,  Denver,  Col. 

550  "  town  lots,"  but  by  a  culpable  want  of  care  and  foresight  all  these  but 
nine  had  been  parted  with.  These  nine  were  finally  disposed  of  for  $34,000, 
and,  with  but  trifling  help  from  the  East,  the  people  have  subscribed  the 
rest.  And  now  a  very  novel  problem  presented  itself,  of  which  the  pres- 
ent structure  is  the  attempted  solution  :  Would  it  be  possible  to  build  an 
Interior?  The  conditions  of  the  problem  at  once  excluded  "  the  Gothic 
style,"  and  it  wasclear  that  the  Cathedral  must  be  Romanesque.  Photos, 
etc.,  of  the  best  specimens  of  Romanesque  Churches  in  the  Old  World 
were  procured,  and  these  were  adapted  to  one  ground-plan  by  Messrs. 
Lloyd  &  Pearce  of  Detroit,  the  former  of  whom  had  made  Romanesque 
architecture  his  study.     The  present  structure   is  140  feet  long,  and  100 


256  KIXG'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

feet  wide  across  the  transepts;  it  seats  1,200.  The  nave  consists  of  five 
bays,  and  is  33  feet  wide — the  width  of  the  chancel  between  the  pillars 
of  tlie  aisles;  the  arch  of  the  roof  is  at  its  highest  point  57  feet  above 
the  floor.  The  chancel,  which  is  entered  under  a  very  fine  wrought- 
iron  and  brass  rood-screen,  26  feet  higli,  is  some  60  feet  deep,  the  altar 
rail  being  the  chord  of  the  apse,  in  whicii  it  is  terminated.  The  north 
side  is  the  organ-chamber,  which  is  lined  with  sonorous  wood,  concave 
at  the  top,  and  is  of  the  same  height  as  the  roof.  Tiie  south  side  is 
the  lady  choir.  By  this  arrangement  the  chancel  choir  is  augmented 
by  thirty  ladies,  who  form  part  of  the  choir  and  yet  are  not  in  the 
chancel.  The  dean's  chair  is  against  the  north  wall,  immediately 
within  the  screen  ;  and  close  to  his  left  hand  is  the  organ  console, 
the  organist  having  his  back  to  the  organ  and  his  face  towards  the  choir, 
the  decani  boys  and  men  being  close  to  him.  By  this  disposition  a 
choir  of  sixty  is  accommodated,  and  all  under  the  eye  and  immediate 
control  of  both  organist  and  precentor.  The  windows  are  especially  notice- 
able. They  are  all,  with  one  small  exception,  from  the  studio  of  Mr,  Ed. 
Frampton,  who  is  at  the  head  of  his  profession  in  his  successful  use  of 
brilliant  color.  Thirteen  windows  have  been  already  filled  with  Raphael- 
esqiie  glass.  The  east  window  is  a  copy  of  Vandyke's  Christ,  to  which  Mr. 
Frampton  added  the  group  at  the  fo(tt  of  the  cross.  In  the  four  apse 
windows  are  life-size  figures  of  representative  saints:  Abel,  Moses, 
Aaron,  Isaiah,  on  the  north;  St.  Paul,  St.  Joiin,  Cranmer,  Ridley  and 
Latimer,  and  Bishops  Selwyn  and  Randall,  on  the  south.  The  windows 
have  cost  some  §13,000 — a  very  moderate  cost.  The  present  structure 
is  of  brick  ;  the  walls  are  virtually  the  brick  lining  of  the  exterior  stone 
wall-^.  Tiie  design  for  the  stone  finish  indicates  that  when  completed  the 
Cathedral  will  be  an  exceedingly  satisfactory  edifice,  and  notuncomparable 
with  some  of  tlie  ancient  structures  of  the  Old  World.  In  future  time  it 
is  contemplated  to  remove  the  present  pillars,  now  constructed  of  wood 
and  plaster,  and  replace  them  by  either  the  rich  red  sandstone  which  is 
found  in  the  mountains,  or  red  marble  :  the  clere-story  will  be  then  built  of 
stone;  the  plaster  of  the  roof  will  give  way  to  red  California  cedar-wood, 
the  present  roof  being  permanently  and  strongly  constructed.  Beneath 
the  Cathedral,  in  what  may  be  called  the  crypt,  is  a  Chapel  and  numerous 
rooms.  The  organ  is  a  large  and  excellent  instrument,  manufactured  by 
Hook  &  Hastings.  There  are  72  windows  and  41  doors  in  the  building.  It 
cost,  with  windows  and  organ  ($10,000),  about  $1 50,000.  Bricks  were  then 
$6  per  1000  in  the  wall,  and  carpenters  were  earning  32  cents  an  hour. 
The  Cathedral  stands  in  a  close,  around  which  are  placed  the  Deanery,  the 
Theological  College,  where  the  bishop  lives;  Matthews  Hall,  Jarvis  Hall, 
the  Cathedral   Boys'  School,  the  Principal's  House,  and  a  Gymnasium. 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


257 


These  buildings  will    some  day  be  connected  by  a  cloister,  and  the  close 
will  be  entered  only  by  "  the  iron  gate,  which  leadeth  to  the  city." 

CATHEDRAL  OF  THE  INCARNATION,  Garden  City,  N.  Y.— 
The  Cathedral  of  the  Incarnation  at  Garden  City,  Long  Island,  New  York, 
is  a  memorial  of  the  late  Mr.  Alexan- 
der T.  Stewart  of  New  York.  Some 
time  before  his  death  Mr.  Stewart 
bought  a  great  tract  of  land  on  Hemp- 
stead Plains,  and  laid  out  a  new 
place  for  settlement,  which  he  named 


Chancel  End — Cathedral  of  the  Incarnation,  Garden  City,  L.  I. 

Garden  City.  Large  sums  of  money  were  spent  in  making  improvements 
and  in  rendering  the  situation  attractive  to  those  who  wanted  to  live  out 
of  the  great  city.  It  is  thought  by  some  that  his  plans  contemplated  a 
great  educational  centre,  but  he  died  before  they  were  fully  developed. 
Since  his  death,  his  widow  and  his  executor.  Judge  Hilton,  have  carried 


A'/.\o'.s   HAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


forward  some  poriions  of  his  plans.  Two  schools  are  established — St. 
Paul's  for  boys  and  St.  Mary's  for  girls.  The  building  provided  for  the 
former  will  accommodate  250.  As  yet  the  building  for  the  girls  has  not 
been  erected,'  the  school    meeting  in   temporary  quarters.     Before  the 


Catl.cdral  of  the  Incarnation,  Garden  City 


Cathedral  was  consecrated,  June  2,  1885,  there  was  conveyed  to  the 
Diocese  of  Long  Island  the  completed  building,  tlie  school  property,  a 
tract  of  land,  and  an  endowment.  The  estimated  value  of  the  property 
thus  conveyed  amounted  to  about  two  millions  of  dollars.  The  Cathedral 
is  a  highly  decorated  building  of  the  Gothic  order  of  architecture.     It  is 


A'ING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         259 

not  large,  but  it  has  been  constructed  without  regard  to  expense.  It  seats 
about  eight  hundred  persons.  Its  outUne  is  broken  by  numerous  pin- 
nacles and  the  tall  crocketed  tower.  Under  the  western  portion  is  the 
crypt,  in  which  rest  the  remains  of  Mr.  Stewart.  The  crypt  also  provides 
a  small  Chapel,  and  other  rooms  for  choristers,  etc.  Everything  about 
the  building  is  of  the  most  elaborate  and  substantial  character,  so  that  in 
some  respects  it  is  the  most  complete  edifice  ever  built  in  this  country. 
The  stained  glass,  the  wood-carving,  the  tilings,  the  lighting  and  heating 
apparatus,  all  are  of  the  best  character.  But  the  organ  is  the  largest  in  this 
country  :  it  comprises  five  distinct  organs — the  chancel,  the  choir,  the 
echo,  the  crypt,  and  the  tower  organs.  Each  can  be  played  separately,  or 
all  combined.  The  music  of  the  Cathedral  choir,  made  up  of  the  pupils 
from  the  Boys'  School  and  others,  has  already  become  famous.  Besides  the 
Cathedral  and  the  schools,  there  is  the  See  House  for  the  bishop,  and  in 
course  of  time  there  may  be  other  structures  to  meet  other  demands.  It 
is  a  magnificent  gift  to  the  Diocese  of  Long  Island,  and  has  already  ac- 
complished much  good,  but  it  has  possibilities  of  usefulness  which  will 
be  developed  as  time  goes  on.  It  is  expected  that  Garden  City  will  be- 
come a  great  educational  and  ecclesiastical  centre,  "  around  which  will 
cluster  a  multitude  of  accessories  that  must  make  it  in  many  respects  one 
of  the  most  attractive  places  of  residence  in  the  country.  Church  and 
State  are  here  harmoniously  united  in  the  administration  of  affairs,  and 
the  whole  influence  of  the  princely  endowment  funds  is  in  the  direction 
of  good  order  and  for  the  best  advantage  of  all  concerned." 

CATHEDRAL  CHRIST  CHURCH,  St.  Louis,  Missouri,— This  is 
the  Mother  Church  of  the  Diocese  of  Missouri,  and  the  first  parish 
organized  in  all  the  vast  region  west  of  the  Mississippi,  a  region  that  now 
comprehends  many  dioceses  and  missionary  jurisdictions.  Christ 
Church  became  the  Cathedral  of  the  Diocese  in  1888.  The  first  service 
in  St.  Louis  was  held  by  the  Rev.  John  Ward,  of  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
in  October  24,  1819,  when  it  was  a  town  of  onlv  4,000  people.  The  ser- 
vice was  held  in  a  frame  building,  sometimes  used  for  holding  court  and 
sometimes  as  a  dancing  room.  The  Articles  of  Association  and  the  sub- 
scription list  bear  date  November  i,  1819.  Among  the  names  of  the  sub- 
scribers are  important  personages  who  became  later  on  identified  with 
the  history  of  the  country,  among  them  the  Hon.  Thos.  H.  Benton.  In 
1826,  the  Rev.  Thos.  Horrell  of  Virginia,  after  the  rectorship  had  been 
vacant  several  years,  began  his  work.  In  1829  a  Church  costing  $7,000 
was  completed.  It  was  consecrated  in  1834  by  Bishop  Smith  of  Ken- 
tucky and  at  the  same  time  twenty-six  persons  were  confirmed.  This  was 
the  first  consecration  and  the  first  confirmation  west  of  the  Mississippi. 


l()0 


Ay. vers   //AXDBOOK    OF   En  SCOP  A  I.    CHURCHES. 


In  1835  when  ii  was  known  that  the  Rev.  Jackson  Kemper  liad  been 
selected  as  the  Missionary  Bishop  of  the  Northwest  the  vestry  of  this 
parish  resolved  to  call  him  to  the  rectorship  of  the  parish,  as  it  seemed 
most  probable  that  St.  Louis  would  be  the  place  of  his  residence.  When 
the  bishop  reached  the  city  at  the  close  of  the  year  he  found  a  Church 
capable  of  seating  about  250  persons.  It  was  well  furnislied  and  had  a 
small  organ.  There  were  about  190  persons  enrolled  as  members  of  the 
congregation,  45  of  whom  were  communicants.  The  year  1836  witnessed 
the  beginning  of  an  unusual  stir  all  over  the  country.  The  flood  gates 
of   emigration  were  opened,  the  spirit  of  speculation  was  excited,  and 


Christ  Church  Cathedral,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

there  was  a  rapid  increase  in  the  business  of  the  country  as  well  as  a 
rapid  rise  in  the  value  of  real  estate.  From  1830  to  1840  the  population  of 
the  city  grew  from  7,000  to  about  17,000.  Under  the  impulse  of  the  new  life 
in  business  affairs,  the  Vestry  in  1836  sold  their  old  Church  to  a  Baptist 
Society  for  $12,000,  bought  new  lots  at  the  corner  of  5th  and  Chestnut 
streets,  and  started  to  build  a  new  Church.  On  the  20th  of  April,  1840^ 
Bishop  Kemper  resigned  his  rectorship  of  the  parish  in  consequence  of 
the  pressure  of  his  episcopal  duties  in  other  places.  He  had  been  aided 
in  his  rectorship  by  assistant  ministers,  but  even  with  their  help  the  care 
of  a  parish  was  too  great  to  allow  full  attention  to  the  needs  of  the  grow- 


KllVG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


261 


ing  Northwest  which  was  in  his  episcopal  care.  In  1840,  the  Primary 
Convention  for  Organizing  the  Diocese  of  Missouri  under  the  presidency 
of  Bishop  Kemper  was  held  in  Christ  Cliurch.     Eight  clergymen  were 


Interior,  Christ  Church  Cathedral,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


present  and  the  lay  delegates  from  four  parishes.  The  first  Bishop  of 
the  new  Diocese  of  Missouri  was  the  Rev.  Cicero  S.  Hawks  of  Bufifalo, 
New  York.     He  was  consecrated  Octol)er  20,  1843,  at  the  General  Con- 


262  KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

ventioii  held  in  Philadelphia,  and  became  the  Rector  of  Christ  Church 
St.  Louis,  from  January  i,  1844,  being  aided  by  assistant  ministers.  As 
early  as  1853  the  Bishop  called  attention  to  the  necessity  of  buildint;  a 
new  church.  IJishop  Hawks  served  for  a  little  over  ten  years,  when  he 
resigned.  Tlic  Kev.  Dr.  Montgomery  Schuyler  became  rector,  October 
1,  1854,  and  has  served  the  parish  ever  since.  The  new  building  was  not 
begun  until  1859  when  plans  for  the  present  structure  were  secured  from 
Mr.  Leopold  Eidlitz,  Architect,  of  New  York.  The  estimated  expense  of 
the  structure  was  §125,000.  While  the  work  was  in  progress  the  Civil 
War,  and  its  horrors  came,  and  no  one  had  much  heart  to  go  on  with  any 
enterprise  involving  the  expenditure  of  money.  Property  depreciated 
and  business  was  almost  suspended.  It  was  not,  however,  until  Christ- 
mas Day,  1867.  that  the  Churcii  building  could  be  used  for  services.  The 
congregation  increased  greatly  as  soon  as  the  new  Church  was  opened. 
On  the  occasion  of  the  celebration  of  the  twenty-fifth  Anniversary  of  his 
rectorship  of  the  parish,  October  5,  1879,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Schuyler  delivered 
a  Commemorative  Discourse  in  wliicii,  after  stating  many  interesting 
facts  in  the  vestry  of  the  parish  during  his  rectorship,  iie  presented  the 
following  statistics:  In  twenty-five  years  from  185410  1879  he  baptized 
1505  persons,  prepared  803  for  confirmation,  married  456  couples,  buried 
768  persons,  and  admitted  1,224  to  the  communion.  The  total  contribu- 
tions of  the  parish  for  that  period  amounted  to  $371,728.  The  change 
from  a  parish  Church  to  a  Cathedral  took  place  in  1888.  A  gift  of 
$37,500  was  made  by  a  friend  of  the  parish  upon  condition  that  $12,500 
should  be  added  by  the  parish.  This  amount  was  raised,  and  the  neces- 
sary steps  were  taken  to  perfect  the  Cathedral  organization.  In  an  ad- 
dress to  the  congregation  explaining  the  changes.  Dr.  Schuyler  said: 
"The  fact  that  the  Parish  Church  is  to  be  changed  into  a  Catliedral  does 
not  in  any  wise  alter  your  relations  to  it.  It  is  expected  that  those  who 
occupy  pews  will  retain  them  at  their  pleasure.  The  same  relations  of 
pastor  and  people  will  be  maintained  ;  and  the  old  and  dear  associations 
of  the  years  gone  by  will  not  be  disturbed.  We  hope  by  this  change  to 
have  added  numbers  and  strength  ;  because,  with  an  increase  of  workers, 
a  closer  pastoral  oversight  may  be  exercised  ;  the  careless  and  indifferent 
in  this  vicinity  may  be  looked  up  and  shepherded  ;  more  frequent  services 
may  be  held  ;  and  a  new  life  infused  thereby.  Besides,  we  shall  have  our 
noble  bishop  at  our  head,  with  his  zeal  and  judgment  to  inspire  and 
guide  ;  and  when  not  engaged  in  official  duty  elsewhere,  we  shall  have 
the  privilege  of  listening  to  his  eloquent  instructions  from  the  pulpit.  ' 
The  plan  is  cruciform,  with  shallow  transept,  an  apsidal  chancel  with  a 
Chapel  attached  at  the  southeast  corner.  The  style  of  architecture  is 
that  which  prevailed  in  the   14th   Century  technically  termeiLl  "  Second 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         263 

Pointed  "  or  "  Early  English  Decorated."  The  Church  Is  properly  placed 
as  regards  orientation.  The  arrangement  of  the  main  Church  consists 
of  a  nave  and  aisles.  The  nave  is  121  feet  long,  divided  into  five  bays, 
beside  the  large  arches  (60  feet  high)  across  the  transepts,  and  is  36  feet 
wide  and  95  feet  from  floor  to  ridge  of  roof,  or  about  27  feet  higher  than 
Trinity  Church,  New  York.  The  chancel  is  37  feet  deep  by  36  feet  wide 
and  of  the  same  height  with  the  nave  and  separated  therefrom  by  a  mag- 
nificent double  arch.  The  aisles  are  each  68  feet  by  36  feet  and  the 
transepts  18  feet  by  36.  The  edifice  throughout  is  an  honest  one — not  a 
sham  in  it,  tlie  walls,  arches,  window  frames,  mullions,  and  even  down  to 
the  window-traceries,  being  of  cut  stone  of  a  beautiful  soft  color  much 
resembling  Caen  stone  and  all  laid  up  in  cement.  The  glass  is  set  in  lead 
The  only  wood  about  the  Church  is  in  the  furnishing,  which  is  of  black 
walnut,  and  in  the  open  timbered  roof  which  is  massive  in  its  framing 
and  is  supported  on  stone  corbels  built  in  with,  and  forming  part  of,  the 
clerestory  walls.  The  roof  of  the  chancel  is  also  open  timbered  resting 
on  short  hammer  beams  supported  on  stone  corbels  and,  like  the  roof  of 
the  nave  and  aisles,  is  decorated  in  polychrome  and  is  enlivened  with  stars 
2iX\di  fleur-de-lis  in  gold  on  an  ultramarine  blue  field.  Immediately  back 
of  the  altar  in  the  central  panel  and  directly  under  the  memorial  window 
to  the  late  Bishop  Kemper,  who  at  one  time  had  charge  of  this  parish,  is 
painted  on  the  wall  a  picture  of  the  Crucifixion.  The  nave  is  divided 
from  the  aisles  by  bays,  the  columns  of  which  are  octagonal  in  shape  and 
without  capitals,  the  mouldings  of  the  arches  dying  into  the  columns. 
All  of  the  windows  are  of  stained  glass,  nearly  all  of  them  memorials,  by 
the  late  Mr.  Owen  Doremus,  the  ground  work  of  which  being  of  the  rich- 
est blue.  All  of  these  are  figure  windows  of  excellent  design  and  gor- 
geous coloring. 

ST.  PAUL'S  CATHEDRAL,  Fond  du  Lac,  Wis.— The  present  Ca- 
thedral is  the  successor  of  the  one  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  on  St. 
Paul's  Day,  January  25th,  1884.  The  building  thus  consumed,  was  orig- 
inally erected  as  a  parish  Church,  and  was  handed  over  by  the  Corpo- 
ration to  the  Rt.  Rev.  J.  H.  Hobart  Brown,  D.D.,  for  Cathedral  purposes, 
shortly  after  his  consecration  as  the  first  bishop  of  Fond  du  Lac.  The 
diocese  of  Fond  du  Lac  had  been  formed  by  dividing  off  the  northeast- 
ern part  of  the  state  from  the  old  diocese  of  Wisconsin.  The  destruction 
of  the  Cathedral  in  1884,  just  after  its  deliverance  from  a  heavy  debt  of 
long  standing,  was  a  great  trial  of  faith  to  the  bishop,  the  diocese  at 
large,  and  especially  to  the  congregation  of  Fond  du  Lac.  The  corner- 
stone of  the  new  edifice  was  laid  on  the  Feast  of  SS.  Simon  and  Jude, 
1885.     As  the  walls  of  the  old  building  had  been  left  standing,  and  after 


264  A' JAG'S  II A. \D BOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


i 


A'/XG'S  HAAWBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         26$ 

careful  inspection,  were  pronounced  safe  and  unimpaired,  it  was  deter- 
mined to  utilize  them  in  the  new  structure.  These  walls  represent  the 
nave  of  the  present  Cathedral.  The  transepts,  chancel,  side-chapel, 
choir-room,  bishop's  office,  and  sacristry  are  all  perfectly  new.  The  ex- 
treme length  of  the  original  building  from  the  altar  to  the  porch  was 
about  120  feet,  while  that  of  the  present,  is  upwards  of  190  feet.  It  is 
finished  with  open  roof.  The  central  aisle,  the  chancel  aisle,  and  the 
centre  sanctuary  are  laid  with  tiles.  The  rest  of  the  fioor  is  of  maple, 
laid  diagonally.  The  seats  are  of  oak.  Several  valuable  memorials  have 
been  already  presented,  and  more  have  been  promised.  The  Cathedral 
is  built  of  limestone.  The  inside  measurements  are  as  follows  :  Length 
of  nave  from  inside  door  to  chancel  arch  135  feet ;  width  45  ;  central  aisle 
6 ;  side  aisles  2.6|  each  ;  east  transepts,  depth  36,  width  32  ;  west  tran- 
sept, depth  18,  width  32  ;  depth  of  chancel  from  arch  to  sanctuary  36; 
depth  of  sanctuary  18;  total  54.  Width  of  chancel  30.  The  chancel  is 
three  steps  higher  than  nave  ;  sanctuary  two  steps  higher  than  choir, 
and  the  altar  stands  on  an  elevation  of  three  steps.  The  side  Chapel  (St. 
Augustine)  is  54  by  18  ;  organ-chamber  33  by  21  ;  choir-room  36  by  18  ; 
bishop's  office  21  by  12;  sacristry  17  by  15.  The  total  seating  capacity 
is  1,200.  Few  of  those  who  are  in  ignorance  of  the  poverty  and  struggles 
of  a  newly  formed  diocese  in  the  west,  can  appreciate  the  energy  and 
persistency  required  to  secure  the  erection  of  such  a  building  as  this. 
Bishop  Brown  evinced  much  moral  iieroism  in  the  determination  with 
which  he  faced  almost  insuperable  difficulties.  The  people  of  Fond  du 
Lac  also  deserve  unbounded  praise  for  the  loyalty  and  generous  contribu- 
tions with  which  they  supp(irted  the  bishop  in  his  efforts.  These,  sup- 
plemented by  some  liberal  gifts  from  the  east,  have  supplied  the  means 
whereby  this  stately  pile  has  been  reared.  It  afforded  the  untiring 
bishop  great  joy  to  see  the  walls  of  his  Cathedral  rising,  but  before  the 
completion  of  the  edifice,  they  became  his  monument,  for  he  rests  be- 
neath their  shadow.  His  grave  is  in  the  sunniest  part  of  the  Cathedral 
Close.  Just  where  the  east  transept  meets  the  eastern  side  of  the  nave, 
and  where  in  the  angle  formed  by  these  two  walls,  the  sun  shines  all  day 
long,  until  it  sinks  behind  the  Cathedral,  the  bishop's  remains  await  the 
realization  of  Christian  faith,  and  the  consummation  of  Christian  hope 
in  the  "  resurrection  of  the  body  and  the  life  everlasting." 

GRACE  CHURCH  CATHEDRAL  AND  GUILD  HALL,  Topeka, 
Kansas,  is  to  occupy  that  part  of  the  grounds  of  Bethany  College,  corner 
of  Eighth  and  Polk  streets,  which  was  deeded  to  the  Cathedral  author- 
ities for  this  purpose — measuring  320  by  200  feet.  The  Guild  Hall  is  now 
being  built  of  stone   in  the  lower  part,  and   frame  construction  above. 


266  h-/XG'S  HAM) BOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

with  slated  roof.  The  first  floor  is  given  up  to  a  large  Sunday-school 
and  infant  class  with  class-rooms  separated  from  main  school  by  doors 
which  slide  upward,  thus  throwing  all  together  when  required.  The 
front  shows  a  roomy  porch  and  vestibule,  and  staircase  and  hall  leading 
to  the  upper  floors  which  are  devoted  to  bible  class,  rector's  study,  and 
work-rooms  for  the  various  guilds.  The  building  is  well-lighted  and 
ventilated,  and  all  connect  with  the  Cathedral  by  a  covered  passage. 
The  Cathedral  is  designed  to  be  190  feet  long  externally,  by  58  feet 
across  the  nave  and  aisles,  and  100  feet  across  transepts,  The  choir  is 
spacious,  giving  accommodation  for  bishops  and  38  clergy,  and  49  sing- 
ers, terminating  in  an  apse  dodecagonal  in  form,  and  the  choir  aisles  are 
carried  around  it,  forming  an  ambulatory.  On  the  north  side  is  a  morn- 
ing Chapel  for  early  celebration,  seating  54  people,  and  as  it  opens  into 
the  north  transept,  the  accommodation  can  be  greatly  increased  on  oc- 
casional crowded  services.  On  the  south  side  of  the  choir  is  the  organ- 
transept,  with  the  organ  placed  in  a  gallery,  and  the  action  brought 
down  to  keyboard  in  the  choir.  Opposite  is  a  similar  transept  that  can 
be  used  for  another  organ,  or  as  a  music  gallery  when  required,  or  as  a 
private  gallery,  and  is  approached  by  the  staircase  turret  shown  on  plan, 
which  also  leads  to  the  ringing  chamber  of  tower.  This  latter  is  34  feet 
square,  and  is  placed  at  the  intersection  of  nave  and  transept  roofs,  and 
the  space  beneath  is  lighted  by  windows  on  the  north  and  south  ob- 
tained by  the  lower  elevation  of  transept  roofs.  South  of  this  choir  are 
the  retiring  rooms  for  clergy  and  choir,  with  a  library  over  the  former 
36  by  17.  Adjoining  the  south  transept  is  the  chapter-house  38  by  20, 
communicating  with  the  retiring  rooms,  and  approached  from  the  south 
aisle  through  a  cloister,  enclosed  on  the  south  side  of  Cathedral,  also 
giving  external  access  to  the  chapter-house.  North  and  south  porches 
open  on  the  grounds,  and  the  western  portal  is  spacious  and  effective, 
leading  to  an  enclosed  interior  vestibule  over  which  is  a  gallery.  The 
west  gable  is  flanked  by  turrets  which  contain  stairs  and  also  serve  as 
ventilating  shafts.  A  special  baptistry  is  provided.  The  central  tower 
dominates  the  mass,  and  is  capped  by  a  low  pyramidal  spire  surmounted 
by  the  cross.  The  east  end,  which  does  not  show  in  this  view,  is  very 
effective,  with  heavy  flying  buttresses  and  pinnacles  surrounding  the  ap- 
sidal  end  of  choir.  The  interior  effect  will  be  simple,  harmonious,  and 
dignified,  depending  rather  upon  good  effect  in  proportions  than  upon 
richness  of  detail.  The  altar  being  well  elevated,  will  be  the  crowning 
feature.  The  bishop's  seat  will  be  at  the  east  end  of  apse  surrounded  by 
his  clergy,  the  stalls  being  carried  around  the  surface  of  the  apse.  The 
south  transept  will  be  reserved  according  to  the  terms  of  the  deed  of  the 
lot.  for  the  students  of  Bethany  College.       The  space  in  northwest  cor- 


KING'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         267 


268         AVXG'S  IfAXDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

ner  of  lot.  shown  in  the  foreground  of  picture,  will  be  reserved  for  a  fu- 
ture episcopal  residence.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  this  stately  and  well- 
equipped  building  will  not  suffer  for  want  of  funds  to  carry  it  to  a  suc- 
cessful conclusion,  as  it  is  a  matter  very  near  to  the  heart  of  the  bishop 
of  the  diocese  and  his  assistant.  The  architect  is  Mr.  Henry  M.  Cong- 
don,  of  New  York. 

ST.  LUKE'S  CATHEDRAL,  Atlanta,  Ga.,  dates  its  beginning 
back  to  the  war,  when  the  Confederate  forces  under  command  of 
General  Joseph  E.  Johnson  were  encamped  in  and  around  the  city  of 
Atlanta.  Rev.  Dr.  C.  T.  Ouintard, then  a  chaplain  in  "the  Army  of  the 
Tennessee,"  now  bishop  of  the  diocese  of  Tennessee,  secured  the  use  of 
the  Methodist  Church  building,  whicli  then  stood  on  the  corner  o( 
Garnett  and  Forsyth  Streets,  assembled  a  congregation,  held  service,  and 
thus  instituted  a  work  which  has  resulted  in  the  establishment  of  this 
Cathedral  Church.  A  suitable  lot  was  soon  obtained,  and  with  the  help 
of  men  detailed  from  the  army,  a  building  was  speedily  erected, 
wherein  services  was  regularly  held.  Within  the  portals  of  this  modest 
little  building,  devout  worshippers  were  delighted  to  turn  aside  from  the 
bloody  strife  of  war  and  prostrate  themselves  before  the  Throne  of 
Grace.  Among  them  were  many  distinguished  Confederate  officers. 
Within  its  walls  lay  the  remains  of  General  Polk — a  bishop  of  the 
Church — who  had  been  killed  at  the  front  near  Kennesaw  Mountain, 
until  removed  to  the  City  of  Augusta  for  interment.  Incident  to  the 
erection  of  this  building  was  the  establishment  of  hospitals  and  the 
execution  of  other  works  of  charity  and  mercy.  Its  destruction  by  fire 
amid  the  common  calamity  that  brought  ruin  and  desolation  to  the 
homes  and  hearts  of  ail  its  people,  for  a  time  seemed  to  paralyze  all 
effort  to  rebuild  it.  But  love  of  the  parish,  establisiied  under  such  cir- 
cumstances, by  such  men,  and  for  the  work,  prosecuted  amid  such 
scenes,  survived  the  shock  and  constrained  the  survivors  to  assemble  on 
the  2 1  St  day  of  June,  1870.  and  make  provision  for  a  revival  of  the 
parish.  A  majority  of  those  present  determined  to  change  the  name 
of  the  parish  to  that  of  "St.  Stephen's,"  in  commemoration  of  the 
Right  Rev.  Stephen  Elliot,  the  first  Bishop  of  Georgia.  Rev.  Dr. 
Joseph  Cross,  was  called  to  be  rector.  He  accepted,  and  served 
acceptably  until  May  15.  1871.  when  he  resigned.  Rev.  George 
Macauley  was  chosen  as  his  successor,  and  accepted  the  call  August 
21,  1 87 1.  At  a  meeting  of  the  vestry  held  January  8,  1872,  the  former 
name  of  the  Church,  to  wit.  St.  Luke's  Church,  was  resumed.  From 
the  reorganization  of  the  parish  until  the  completion  in  1875  of  a  building 
on  the  corner  of  Spring  and  Walton  .Streets,  services  were  held  in  the 


KIA'G'S  HANDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHUKCHES.         269 


270  A'/XG'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

hall  of  the  Masonic  Orphan  Building.  Rev.  C.  J.  Wingale  succeeded 
Rev.  Geo.  Macauley  as  rector,  in  1879,  and  after  serving  only  a  few 
months,  resigned  August  7,  1879.  Rev.  Dr.  W.  C.  Williams,  was  then 
called,  and  accepted.  On  April  5,  1880,  the  vestry  requested  the  bishop 
to  make  St.  Luke's  Church  the  Cathedral  Church  of  the  diocese.  This 
matter  seems  to  have  been  held  under  consideration  until  June  6,  1881, 
when  the  bishop  prescribed  for  the  government  of  the  Cathedral  the 
necessary  regulations. 

From  the  revival  of  this  parish  in  1870,  until  the  Cathedral  organiza- 
tion, it  was  engaged  in  a  constant  and  hard  struggle  for  existence.  Of 
its  communicants  who  had  survived  the  war,  very  few  remained  in  the 
parish,  and  they  were  greatly  impoverished.  Their  zeal  greatly 
exceeded  their  ability  to  accomplish  the  work  in  hand.  Numerically 
and  financially  they  were  weak,  very  weak.  To  purchase  a  lot  and 
build  a  Church  was  a  large  undertaking  for  such  a  people,  and 
involved  them  in  a  heavy  debt,  a  large  part  of  which  was  still  un- 
satisfied when  the  bishop  took  charge.  Rev.  Dr.  W.  C.  Williams,  rector, 
became,  by  appointment  of  the  bishop,  Priest  in  Charge,  with  Rev.  C. 
M.  Beckwith  as  his  assistant.  It  then  became  apparent  that  a  better 
location  and  a  better  building  were  essential  to  achieve  the  full  measure 
of  success  contemplated.  In  numbers  and  resources  they  were  still  weak, 
but  blessed  with  abundant  faith  and  hope,  they  did  not  hesitate  to 
attempt,  what,  to  others,  seemed  must  eventuate  in  failure.  An  eligible 
lot  was  at  once  secured,  and  the  corner-stone  of  the  edifice,  now  known 
as  St.  Luke's  Cathedral  Church,  was  laid  by  Rev.  Dr.  W.  C.  Williams, 
with  appropriate  ceremonies,  in  October,  1882.  The  work  of  erecting 
this  building  progressed  satisfactorily  to  completion,  and  within  the  first 
year  thereafter,  was  enlarged  to  a  capacity  of  about  750  sittings.  Con- 
temporaneously with  the  work  of  building  the  Cathedral,  two  missions 
were  established  and  are  still  sustained.  In  1884.  a  great  sorrow  came 
to  all  the  people  of  the  congregation  of  the  Cathedral.  Their  beloved 
pastor.  Rev.  Dr.  Williams,  was  constrained  by  declining  health  to  resign 
his  office.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  assistant.  Rev.  C.  M.  Beckwith, 
who  with  great  zeal  and  devotion  continued  in  the  service  of  the 
Cathedral  and  its  people  until  September,  1886.  when  he  resigned  to 
accept  repeated  calls  to  the  Diocese  of  Texas.  In  November  following, 
the  bishop  of  the  diocese  and  the  board  of  curators  united  in  a  call  to 
Rev.  R.  S.  Barrett,  of  Henderson,  Ky.  Fortunately  for  the  Cathedral 
and  its  people,  this  call  was  accepted.  Under  his  vigorous  leadership 
the  work  goes  bravely  on.  Over  500  names  now  appear  on  its  list  of 
communicants.     The  income  of   the    parish    is   over    $7,000,  and  it  is 


A'/A'G'S  IIAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 


271 


confidently  believed  that  ere  long  its  influence  as  the  Cathedral  Church 
of  the  diocese  will  extend  to  all  the  borders  thereof. 

ST.     PAUL'S    CATHEDRAL    CHURCH,    Buffalo,    N.    Y.— This 
edifice  (sometimes  called  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  Church)   is  now  being 


Interior,  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

re-built,  after  its  destruction  by  fire  in  the  month  of  May,  1888.  It  was 
originally  a  building  with  stone  walls,  but  with  interior  columns  and 
arches,  and  open  w^ork  of  timber,  all  of  which  was  entirely  destroyed  in 


2/2  A'/AG'S  HA.\DBOOK'  Ol-    EPISCOPAL    CJ/UA'C//ES. 

a  short  space  of  time.  The  new  structure  will  partly  follow  the  lines  of 
the  old  building,  as  it  will  stand  upon  the  same  foundations,  and  the 
greater  part  of  the  old  walls  will  be  retained.  But  considerable  change 
will  be  made,  and  internally  it  will  be  quite  another  building.  The  work 
of  designing  has  been  entrusted  to  Mr.  R.  \V.  Gibson,  of  New  York,  the 
architect  of  the  Albany  Cathedral.  All  the  design  is  of  scholarly  char- 
acter, in  pure  English  Gothic  style,  of  the  second  or  geometrical  period. 
This  is  a  little  later  in  date  than  the  old  building  was,  in  order  to  permit 
of  the  use  of  some  beautiful  traceried  windows,  which  will  add  greatly  to 
the  effect  of  the  plain  lancet  openings.  Some  windows  remain  of  lancet 
form.  The  chancel  will  be  re-built  forty-one  feet  deep  (about  thirteen 
feet  deeper  than  before),  and  will  have  a  superb  traceried  stained-glass 
window  over  the  altar.  The  chancel  arch  will  be  wider  and  higher. 
The  nave  will  have  only  three  clear  columns  and  arches  on  each  side. 
Near  the  chancel  arch  will  be  a  transept  on  each  side,  with  an  arch  of 
thirty  feet  clear  span.  This  dispenses  with  two  of  the  objectionable 
columns  of  the  old  building,  and  adds  a  beautiful  feature  to  the  Church, 
both  internally  and  externally.  The  Chapel  and  extension  at  the  side  of 
the  north  aisle  will  be  rebuilt  with  additional  traceried  windows.  The 
columns  will  be  of  Scotch  stone,  with  moulded  bases  and  carved  capitals. 
The  arches  will  be  of  brick  and  stone,  finished  with  stucco  in  rich  Gothic 
mouldings,  and  all  the  walls  and  windows  internally  will  be  finished  with 
stucco  and  plaster  upon  the  fire-proof  iron  lath.  It  is  intended  to 
decorate  the  interior  in  color.  Above  the  nave  arches  will  rise  a  hand- 
some clere-story,  with  a  range  of  windows  on  each  side,  finished  with 
columns  and  ornamental  trefoil  arches  supporting  the  roof.  The  roof 
will  be  of  timber,  with  hammer-beam  trusses,  in  harmony  with  the 
clere-story.  The  open  work  of  the  roof  is  ornamented  with  tracery,  and 
bold  carved  figures  of  angels  holding  scrolls  ornament  the  hammer 
beams.  The  floors  will  be  built  fire-resisting,  with  iron  lath  for  ceiling 
of  basement,  and  cement  floor  under  the  wooden  one.  It  is  intended 
that  the  fate  of  the  old  Church  shall  be  avoided  in  the  new.  Most  of  the 
windows  will  be  filled  with  rich  stained  glass.  With  this  in  view,  the 
large  traceried  windows  before  alluded  to  have  been  introduced.  The 
organ  will  be  placed  in  a  chamber  to  the  north  of  the  chancel,  and 
accommodation  will  be  provided  for  the  possible  needs  of  the  antiphonal 
choral  service.  A  baptistery  is  placed  near  the  north  transept  entrance, 
with  large  arches  opening  into  the  Church.  The  basement  is  re-built  in 
improved  form  for  the  use  of  Sunday  school  and  other  organizations. 
The  designs  include  also  the  erection  of  new  porches  to  basement  and 
north  transept,  and  new  vestry  for  rector.  The  handsome  spire  and 
tower  were  comparatively  uninjured  by  the  fire,  and  will  be  retained  in 


A'lXG'S  HAXDBOOK  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         2/3 

exactly  the  original  form.  The  materials  of  this  Church  are  light  red 
Medina  or  Albion  stone,  and  black  slate.  It  is  a  quiet,  reposeful  build- 
ing, in  excellent  taste,  reminding  one  of  those  of  genuine  mediaeval  date, 
and  is  an  eminently  pleasing  design.  The  dimensions  are,  internally: 
Length,  144  feet;  width  across  nave  and  aisles  or  nave  and  transepts, 
62  feet  ;  width,  including  side  chapel,  90  feet.  Height,  ridge  of  roof, 
61  feet.  The  seating  accommodation,  including  choir,  will  be  one 
thousand  persons.     No  galleries  will  be  used. 

ALL  SAINTS'  CATHEDRAL,  Albany,  N.  Y.— Twenty-five  years 
q,go  an  old  foundry  building  stood  along  the  edge  of  a  hill  in  Albany  east 
of  the  Capitol.  A  small  sum  of  money  and  a  great  deal  of  skill  and 
good  taste  changed  the  foundry  into  a  pro-Cathedral.  It  was  used  for 
services  while  Bishop  Doane's  plans  for  a  permanent  building  were  ma- 
turing. Because  of  the  great  size  and  expense  of  a  completed  Cathedral 
it  was  deemed  best  to  construct  it  by  stages.  The  intermediate  building 
which  has  succeeded  the  foundry  is  one  stage.  It  is  really  the  Cathedral 
with  its  proportions  and  accommodations,  but  only  slightly  developed. 
Its  development  and  completion  are  the  work  of  years.  The  description 
that  follows  will  give  some  idea  of  the  splendor  of  the  great  work  when 
done.  The  selected  design  was  chosen  as  a  beautiful  rendering  of  the 
early  type  of  Gothic  architecture,  as  well  as  for  an  eminently  practical 
scheme  for  meeting  immediate  needs  in  the  provisional  building.  It  is 
the  one  submitted  by  Mr.  R.  W.  Gibson,  an  architect  then  residing  in  Al- 
bany, but  now  in  New  York.  His  previous  training  and  experience  is  in 
some  degree  reflected  in  this  work.  The  building  is  planned  upon  the 
general  lines  of  an  English  Gothic  Cathedral,  as  being  the  most  natural 
and  appropriate  type.  But  there  are  several  important  modifications 
made  to  meet  the  altered  circumstances  of  time  and  place  and  ritual ; 
most  notable  among  them  is  the  widening  of  the  central  nave  at  the 
expense  of  the  side  aisles.  Architects  have  for  some  years  been 
struggling  with  the  problem  how  to  retain  the  pillars  and  arches,  which 
constitute  the  chief  glory  of  a  Gothic  church,  without  submitting  a  large 
proportion  of  the  congregation  to  the  discomfort  of  having  to  sit  behind 
columns  which  hinder  sight  and  sound.  In  some  other  experiments  the 
pillars  have  been  shorn  of  almost  all  their  strength  and  beauty,  attenuated 
to  mere  posts  with  this  object.  In  some  modern  churches  the  difficulty 
is  simply  ignored.  The  English  school  of  architects  had  made  some  ex- 
periments in  the  direction  of  narrow  aisles,  and  the  architect  of  the 
Albany  Cathedral,  with  these  experiments  doubtless  in  view,  has  restored 
to  the  main  arcade  and  pillars  all  their  old-time  magnitude  and  solidity, 
as  being  the   most  essential  thing  in  Cathedral  architecture.     The  side 


274  K'/xas  HAXDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

aisles  being  required  for  pass;ige  ways  only,  their  seclusion  by  massive 
columns  is  an  advantage  rather  than  a  detriment.  The  pillars  are  in  the 
nave,  seven  feet  across  their  greatest  diameter,  and  the  chief  requisite  in 
the  design — dignity — is  secured  by  imposing  size.  The  nave  is  forty-four 
feet  wide  from  centre  to  centre  of  columns,  and  every  person  in  it  is 
seated  in  full  view  of  the  pulpit  and  altar.  The  transepts  with  a  width 
the  same  as  that  of  the  nave,  are  restrained  for  similar  reasons  to  a  mod- 
erate depth,  and  have  aisles  on  their  west  sides  only,  and  in  these  the  pillars 
are  so  arranged  that  the  clear  openings  radiate  from  the  position  of  the 
pulpit.  The  nave  and  crossing,  together  give  a  length  of  about  150  feet. 
The  choir  is  about  90  feet  long  and  a  little  narrower  than  the  nave.  The 
porches  of  the  front  add  20  feet  and  the  ambulatory  and  east  walls  about 
i6  feet,  so  that  the  total  length  of  the  building  is  270  feet.  When  it  is 
remembered  that  most  of  our  large  parish  Churches  are  only  about  90  or 
100  feet  long  it  will  be  seen  that  this  is  indeed  a  noble  size.  It  is,  in  fact, 
the  niaximum  at  which  the  whole  space  is  serviceable.  Additional  length 
would  be  advantageous  upon  aesthetic  ground  only.  If  added  to  the  nave 
the  western  end  would  be  beyond  hearing.  If  put  on  the  choir  the  altar 
would  be  out  of  sight.  The  height  of  the  vaults  of  the  finished  design 
will  be  about  seventy  feet,  following  the  rule  of  proportion,  discovered  in 
the  most  beautiful  ancient  Gothic  buildings.  This  rule  determines  the 
height  by  constructing  an  equilateral  triangle  upon  a  base  equal  to  the 
extreme  width  at  the  level  of  the  eye.  Besides  these  primary  dimen- 
sions many  secondary  proportions  are  regulated  by  a  similar  rule,  which 
is  no  doubt  founded  upon  those  limiting  physically  the  angle  of  conve- 
nient vision.  The  provisional  building  is  nearly  the  same  height  inter- 
nally, not  having  the  double  roof  with  spaces,  which  will  in  future  be 
built.  The  interior  has  been  first  described,  because  Gothic  is  essentially 
an  internal  style.  The  inside  of  all  the  magnificent  structures  of  the  mid- 
dle ages  was  carefully  evolved  and  studied,  while  the  outside  generally 
was  designed  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  features  within,  and  this  has  been 
done  at  Albany.  The  windows,  for  example,  are  placed  and  proportioned 
from  within  always.  The  buttresses  have  to  follow  and  serve  the  arched 
and  vaulted  ceilings,  and,  in  fact,  exist  only  for  them,  and  so  on  through- 
out the  body  of  the  building.  The  towers  and  spires  are  external  fea- 
tures simply,  and  have  little  or  no  internal  use.  All  Saints'  Cathedral 
has  at  the  west  end  a  pair  of  noble  towers  grouped  with  that  old-time 
fitness  which  proclaims  the  cliief  portal  between  them.  They  will  rise 
from  foundations  of  unusual  massiveness  (each  one  more  than  50  feet 
square),  buttressed  by  piers  12  feet  square  at  each  angle.  Upwards  they 
diminish  in  studied  proportion  to  the  octagonal  belfries  and  spires,  210 
feet  high.     These,  with  the   triple  portals  across  their  bases,  form  the 


K/A'G'S  HAiVDBOOK'  OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         2/5 


Cathedral  of  All  Saints,  Albany,  N.  Y. 


276  A'/XC'S  IIAXDBOOK   OF   EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES. 

most  elaborate  parts  of  the  external  design.  The  central  doorway  is  30 
feet  high  to  the  main  arch,  and  is  surmounted  by  a  gable  with  carved 
cross  52  feet  above  the  sidewalk.  Behind  this  and  over  it  the  mam  gable 
will  rise  to  a  height  of  1 12  feet,  ornamented  by  the  great  traceried  rose 
window  25  feet  in  diameter.  The  rest  of  the  design  is  less  ornate,  the 
principal  feature  being  the  central  lantern  covering  and  lighting  the 
crossing.  This  rises  above  the  roof  in  an  imposing  octagon  46  feet 
across,  with  a  story  of  double  windows,  surmounted  by  a  steep  roof,  not 
attempting  spire-like  character  and  not  rivalling  tiie  western  towers,  but 
about  175  feet  from  the  ground  to  the  ornamental  cross  at  the  lop.  The 
architect  has  been  consulted  as  to  the  possibility  of  increasing  the  height 
here  to  exceed  that  of  the  western  spires,  and  it  may  possibly  be  so  car- 
ried out,  as  the  reasons  for  its  moderate  height  were  practical  rather  than 
lEsthetic,  and  it  affords  an  opportunity  for  a  spire  of  unusual  height  and 
command. 

The  east  end  is  square,  according,  to  the  precedents  of  the  ancient 
English  custom,  with  a  large  and  ricli  traceried  window  for  stained  glass 
over  the  altar.  In  style  the  building  belongs  to  the  first  period  of 
pointed  or  Gothic  architecture.  While  this  style  was  and  is  truly  inter- 
national, each  country  shows  some  variety  of  character  due  to  differ- 
ences of  climate  and  habits.  A  somewhat  Spanish  character  has  been 
adopted  in  this  design,  for  various  reasons.  In  the  first  place,  the  in- 
tense heat  of  the  summer  and  the  cold  of  the  winter  are  best  met  in  a 
building  of  massive  construction  with  windows  of  moderate  size;  and  in 
the  second  place,  the  necessity  of  economy  pointed  to  a  style  where 
effect  is  obtained  by  dignified  masses  of  material,  rather  than  in  elaborate 
ornament  by  high-priced  skilled  labor.  And  the  Spanish  is  a  very  ap- 
propriate and  beautiful  type  of  the  early  Gothic,  nearly  allied  to  the 
Komanesque,  which  has  become  a  modern  national  type  in  America. 
This  choice  of  style  having  been  made,  it  was  determined  to  concentrate 
the  richness  in  certain  places — each  one  a  focus,  so  to  speak.  For  the 
exterior  this  is  at  the  west  emi  with  an  echo  at  the  east  or  sanctuary  end. 
Within,  the  choir  is  richer  than  the  nave  and  transepts  with  the  same 
feeling,  and  in  the  choir  all  the  ornament  leafls  up  to  the  altar  and  rere- 
dos  with  the  grand  traceried  east  window.  The  style  permits  of  c<mi- 
siderable  richness  in  carved  and  moulded  w<>rk,  while  it  does  not  abso- 
lutely demand  them.  Therefore  it  lent  itself  readily  to  the  architect's 
scheme  for  building  a  provisional  structure  which  should  be  a  part 
of  the  future  complete  editice.  in  such  a  way  that  very  little  would 
have  to  be  taken  down.  This  requirement  has  been  ingeniously  met  as 
f()llf)ws:  First,  all  the  foundations  were  laid,  including  those  for  the  west- 
ern   towers.     This  was  a  considerable  expense,  as  they  are  necessarily 


KING'S  HANDBOOK   OF  EPISCOPAL    CHURCHES.         2/7 

proportioned  for  the  complete  structure.  They  are  calculated  to  carry 
a  total  load  of  28,000  tons.  The  cost  was  $52,774.  Then  the  pillars  and 
arches  of  solid  cut  stone  were  built,  and  the  wall  surmounting  them  up 
to  the  sill  of  the  triforium.  The  triforium  is  the  intermediate  story  un- 
der the  clere-story,  and  is  an  ornamental  feature  opposite  the  spaces  of 
the  side  aisle  roofs.  The  outside  walls  were  all  built  to  the  same  height  ; 
all  these  walls,  ranging  from  3  to  3^  feet  thick,  are  designed  hollow,  the 
outer  portion  of  stone  and  the  inner  of  brick,  destined  to  have  marble 
or  mosaic  or  painted  finish  at  some  future  day.  Of  the  end  walls  of 
nave  and  transepts,  only  the  inner  or  brick  half  is  built,  leaving  buttresses 
and  bonding  places  for  the  future  addition  of  the  outside  stone.  All  of 
the  western  porches  and  towers  were  deferred.  This  completed  a  large 
portion  of  the  internal  stone  work,  and  enclosed  the  whole  building  with 
walls.  It  cost  $107,371.  Then  the  outer  half  wall  of  the  triforium  was 
built  (which  is  the  brick  part  which  will  eventually  be  hidden  by  the 
aisle  roofs),  and  the  temporary  aisle  roofs  were  put  on  below  it  instead 
of  above,  and  this  triforium  thus  converted  into  a  temporary  clere-story 
of  brick.  Above  this  a  temporary  roof  is  put  over  the  whole,  with  only 
a  small  ventilating  fieche  or  spirelet  by  way  of  ornament.  But  this 
fleche,  small  as  it  looks,  is,  with  the  cross,  50  feet  high  above  the  roofs, 
and  the  top  is  131  feet  from  the  ground.  The  roof  is  of  open  timbers  of 
simple  but  effective  provisional  construction.  The  temporary  floor  is 
also  of  wood.  In  the  choir,  however,  the  permanent  fireproof  floor  of 
steel  beams  and  brick  arches  with  mosaic  pavements  is  laid.  The 
altar  is  one  large  block  of  Scotch  stone  12  by  3^  by  2\  feet.  The 
altar  pace  and  steps  are  of  Tennessee  marble.  The  seats  will  be  chairs 
of  special  designs,  arranged  in  rows  so  that  crowding  will  be  impossible. 
The  building  will  be  heated  by  two  steam  boilers  in  the  basement. 
Other  portions  of  the  basement  will  be  fitted  for  choir  room,  vestries,  etc. 
The  work  of  this,  the  last  contract,  will  amount  to  about  $75,000,  and 
together  with  several  special  gifts  will  complete  the  provisional  building 
ready  for  divine  service.  The  stalls  for  the  chief  clergy  in  the  choir  are 
some  beautiful  carved  antique  work,  brought  from  a  Belgian  Church  and 
presented  to  the  Cathedral.  The  rood-screen  is  the  finest  that  has  ever 
been  made  in  this  country.  It  is  of  iron  and  brass,  upon  a  Scotch  stone 
base.  The  height  is  30  feet,  with  an  ornamental  cross  rising  to  40  feet 
above  the  floor.  The  choir  has  some  superb  stained-glass  memorial 
windows.  The  nave  aisle  windows  will  in  some  cases  be  filled  in  similar 
style,  but  the  windows  in  the  ends  of  nave  and  transepts,  instead  of 
being  the  imposing  ones  of  the  complete  designs,  are  reduced  in  size 
because  of  the  lesser  height  of  the  walls,  and  so  are  not  yet  of  proper 
proportions.     The  east  window  over  the  altar  is  so  arranged  that  its 


2J?>  A'/.\aS  JJAXDhOOh'   OF   KP/SCOP.U.    CIICRCHES. 

ci;lass  can  be  a  part  of  the  future  and  pennanetit  window,  so  that  stained 
silass  may  be  used  and  afterwards  transferred  to  the  stone  mullions.  The 
seating  accommodation  is  as  follows:  Stalls  for  clergy,  153;  stalls  for 
choir,  50;  seats  for  congregation,  1,500  permanent,  with  possible  increase 
for  special  needs  to  2,300;  total  accommodation,  2,503.  No  galleries  will 
be  used.  There  will  be  several  buildings  partly  detached  around  the 
eastern  part  of  the  Cathedral.  The  chapter  house  and  clergy  and  choir 
room  will  be  on  opposite  sides  of  a  small  cloister,  and  10  the  south  the 
treasury  and  bishop's  vestry.  These  are  not  yet  built,  and  where  they 
will  be  there  are  blank  brick  walls.  But  it  will  be  seen  that  an  enormous 
task  has  been  accomplished  in  a  very  dignified  way  at  a  very  moderate 
expense,  and  the  persevering  energy  which  has  done  this  in  the  face  of 
all  difliculties  may  be  trusted  to  supply  one  by  one  the  things  which  are 
vet  wanting,  and  to  complete  in  grandeur  and  beauty  this  great  American 
Cathedral. 


INDEX 


Abel,  Rev.  A.  M.  183 

Abraham,  Woodward  19 

Advent,  Cliurcli  of  the,  Boston,  Mass.  19S  202 

.'\kerley,  Rev.  Benjamin  207 

"Alamo,"  Tlie,  historic  site  150 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  First  service.s  in  32 

Alexandria,  Va.  (Fairfax  Parish)  37 

All  Saints'  Cathedral,  Albany,  N.  V.  273-27S 

All    Saints'    (Henshaw   Memorial),    Providence, 

R.  1.  116-118 
All  Saints',  Worcester,  Mass.  164-16P. 
Alsop,  Rev.  Dr.  Reese  F.  iii  112 
Altar-vessels  given  by  William  and  Mary  37 
"America  Dissected,"  by  Dr.  McSparren  16 
American  Church,  Bishop  Perry's  History  of  40 
"American  Magazine,  The,"  Quotation  from  11 
American  Prayer-Book  26  35  42 
Andrews,  Rev.  William  32 
Angell,  Rev.  Thomas  B.  198 
Anstice,  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  56 
Applegate,  Rev.  Octavius  47 
Appleton,  Mrs,  Thomas  19 
Apthorpe,  Rev   iNIr.,  Cambridge,  Mass.  35 
Architects :  — 

Brown,  A.  Page  211  217 

Burns,  Charles  M.  196 

Burns,  Charles  M.,  Jun.  186  234 

Clark,  H.  P.  21S 

Coiidit,  C.  H.  90 

Congdon,  Henry  M.  161  183  188  195268 

Cram,  A.  B.  gg 

Dixon  &  Carson  160 
■'■  Dresser,  Henry  253 

Earle  &  Fuller  165 

Eidlitz  Leopold  140  262 

Esty,  A.  R.  146 

Furness,  Frank  51 

Ghequier,  T.  Buckler  86 

Gibson,  Robert  W.  231  234  237  272  273 

Haight,  C.  C.  130  250 

Harrison,  H.  G.  245 

Harrison,  Peter  24  35 

Hutton,  -Addison  217 

Jordan  &  Anderson  97 

Latrobe,  B.  H.  43 

Littell.  Emlen  T.  123  133 

Lloyd,  Mr.,  of  Detroit,  Mich.  164 

Llovd  &  Pearce  255 

Mckim,  Mead  &  White  229 

Miller,  C.  C.  104 

Mix,  K.  J.  &  Co.  207 

Notman,  Mr.,  Wilmington,  Del.  123 

Pierce  &  Dockstader  237 

Potter,  Edward  T.  117  241 

Potter,  William  A.  214 

Richards,  T.  W.  142 

Richardson,  H.  H.  173 

Robinson,  R.  H.  193 

Rotch  &Tilden  212 

Schuyler,  R.  Ij.  221 

Strickland,  William  49 

Sturgis,  John  H.  201 


Architects,  continued : 

Upjohn,  Richard  60  76  80  83  94  loi  118  130  150 

Upjohn,  k.  ^L  gi  92  137 

Upjohn,  R.  &  Son  96  108 

Vaiighan,  Henry  222 

Ware  &  Van  I'ruut  190 

Wentworth,  W    P.  146 

Withers,  Frederick  C.  169 

Wren,  James  37 
Armitage,  Rev.  \Villiam  97  99 
Arnett,  Rev.  William  W.  207 
Arthur,  President  Chester  A.  44 
Ashley,  Rev.  Dr.  William  B.  207 
Ashton,  Rev.  Jas.  W.  230  231 
Atkinson,  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas,  Bishop  109 
Atwill,  Rev.  Edwa  d  R.,  D.D.  106 
Auchmuty,  Rev.  Dr.,  in  the  Revolution  59 

Bachelors'  Pews  in  a  Church  90 

Baldwin,  Rev.  A.  G.  133 

Baldwin,  H.  P.,  Esq.  97  99 

Baldv  familv,  ISIumficence  of  189 

Baldy,  Rev.'  Hurley  118 

Barclay,  Rev.  Thomas  32 

Barlow,  Rev.  William  133  151 

Barr,  Rev.  David  12 

Barrett,  Rev.  R.  S.  270 

Barstow,  Rev.  F.  A.  113 

Bass,  Bishop  (of  Massachusetts)  41 

Batchelor,  Rev.  C.  R.   "  History  of   the  Eastern 

Diocese  "  40 
Bates,  Rev.  Cyrus  S.,  D  D.  164 
Battershail,  Rev.  Dr.  Walton  W.  91  234 
Batterson,  Rev.  H.  G.  149 
Baurman,  Rev.  John  P.  122 
Beach,  Rev.  Am'os  B.,  D.D.  85 
Beardsiey,  Rev.  John  213  214 
Beardsley,  Mrs.  Samuel  94 
Beasley,  Rev.  Frederick  91 
Beasley,  Rev.  Dr.  F.  W.  96 
Beckwith,  Rev.  C.  M.  270 
Beckwith,  Rev.  John  W.,  D.D.,  Bishop  76 
Beers,  Rev.  H.  W.,  D.D.  133  136 
Bell  cast  from  copper  cannon  150;  from  Spanish 

cannon  227 
Bend,  Rev.  Dr.  J.  G.  J.  85 
Benedict,  Rev.  Dr.  Samuel  73  74 
Benton,  Hon.  Thomas  H.  259 
Berkeley,  Bishop  George  24 
Berkeley,  Rev.  R.  M.  168 
"  Berkeley  organ.  The,"  at  Newport,  R.  L  24 
Berkeley  School  for  Boys  103 
Berrian,    Rev.    Dr.    William    61 ;     "  History   of 

Trinity  Parish,"  139  140 
Berry,  Rev.  Thomas  B.  220 
Bethesda  Church,  .Saratoga  Springs,    N.   Y.  210 

211  212 
Betts,  Rev.  George  C.  245 
Binney,  Hon.  Horace  35 
"  Bishop's  Chapel,  The  "  240 
Bishops,  House  of,  at  Baltimore  86 
Bishops,  numerous,  from  same  parish  75 


279 


28o 


/.\  I)  EX. 


Black,  Rev.  I.  U.  25 

Hlackallcr,  Rev.  Henry  i^.e 

Klaiicliarcl,  Rev.  Joseph  N.  (yc) 

lilomit,  Mrs.  Mary  S.  83 

HdardiiMti,  Hon.  H.  J.  iS 

Bollcs,  Rev.  Dr.  James  A.  200 

Book  o(  Coinniun  Prayer,  Kn}(lish  and  American 

42  ;   Unitarian  alterations  in  40 
Booth,  Rev.  Robert  C.  6S 
Bostwick,  Rev.  W.  W.  230 
Bciiirdillon,  Rev.  I'eiiedict  8j 
Bourns,  Rev.  Dr.,  of  Norwich  University  16S 
Bowen,  Rev.  Dr.  Nathaniel  63 
Bowman,    Right   Rev.    Samnel,    D.D.,    Bishop 

(Pennsylvania)  iy&  198 
BrancleRee,  Rev.   lohn  J.  94 
Breck,  Rev.  Charles,  D.D.  123 
Hrenton,  Jahleel.  clock  given  by  24 
Brewer,  Rev.  D.  R.  25 
Brick  interior,  A  1S6 
Brooks,  Rev.  Arthur  15(1 
Brooks,  Rev.  !•  rederick  162  164 
Brooks,  Rev.  Phillips,  D.D.  173  174 
Brown,  A.  Pa.ne  211 
Brown,  Rev.   John  45  47 
Brown,  Ri.nhtRev.  J.  H.  Hobart,  D.D.   136  137 

263  265 
Brown,  Rev.  Dr.  John  W.  132 
Brown  University,  Providence  99 
Biieland,  Rev.  .Samuel  214 
Buil(linv;s  for  religious  uses,  The  earliest  9 
Bulkley,  Rev    P.arzillai  214 
Burd  .Asyhmi,  Philadelphia  51 
Burd,  Kdward  Shippen  50 
Burd,  Mrs.  Kliza  Howard  50  51 
Burd  Memorial  Chapel  50  51 
Burgess,  Bishop  (of  Maine)  250 
Burnham,  Rev.  R.  F.  118 
I'urroughs,  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  22 
Burton,  Rev.  J.  G.  51 
Burton,  Rev.  George  225  227 
Burv,  Rev.  Richard  133 
Byles,  Rev.  Dr.  Mather  22 

Cabot,  John,  accompanied  by  chaplain  9 

Cadle,  Rev.  Richard  F.  121  122 

Cady,  Rev.  Dr.  Philander  K.  214 

Caird,  Rev.  James  ig8 

Calvary  Church,  New  York  City  132  133 

Cambrulge,  Mass.  35  36 

Cannon,  "  Alamo,"  bell  made   from  150;  from  a 

Spanish  227 
Cannon-ball,      Revolutionary,      cemented      into 

Church  wall  28 
Carev,  Rev.  Dr.  Joseph  210  212 
Carr.'  Rev.  Charles  M.  198 
Carter,  Rev.  Lawson  133 
Cathedral  of  the  Incarnation,  ('laidcn  City,  N.  V. 

257-259 
Cathedrals  and  Pro-Cathedrals  239 
"  Catholic  revival,  The  "  19S-200 
"  Century  Magazine,  The,"  Article  in  38 
Chancel  arrangement  in  old  times  33 
Chapel  of  .St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  Concord,  N.  H. 

222-225 
Chapman,  Rev.  George  T.  loS 
Chase,  Rev.  Carlton,  Bishop  108 
Chase,  Henry  S.,  Memorial  77 
Chase,  Right  Rev.   Philander,  D.D.    151    154  214 

252  2SJ  254 
Chase,  Rev.  Samuel  252 
Chase,  Rev.  Thomas  85 


Chaiincey,  Rev.  Peter  .Schernierhoiii,  D.D.  204 
Chimes,  noted  21  27  115  211  247 
Choirs,  vested  60  68  70  .>o  1 13  117  123  128  129  137 
142    144   162   182    189204206210211    215  224 
254 
Cholera  in  Philadelphia  67 
Chi>ral  service  194  2(x> 
Christ  Church,  Alexandria,  V'a.  37  38 
Christ  Church,  Boston,  .Mass.  21-23 
Christ  Church,  Cambridge,  Mass.  35-37 
Christ  Church  Cathedral,  .St    I^ouis,  ^Io.  259-263. 
Christ  Church  (Baldy  Memorial),  Danville,  Peiin. 

iHS  1S9 
Christ  Church,  Flizabeth,  N.  I.  80-82 
Christ  Church,  Herkimer,  N.  V.  236237 
Christ-Church  Hospital  27 
Christ  Church,  Louisville,  Kv.  52  53 
Christ  Church,  Oswego.  N.  V.  84  85 
Christ  Church,  Philadelphia  25-28 
Christ  Church,  Portsmouth,  N.  H.  194  195 
Christ  Church,  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.  213-216 
Christ  Church,  Raleigh,  N.  C.  82 
Christ  Church,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  234-236 
Christ  Church,  Towanda,  Peiin.  237  238 
"  Church  and  Meetiiig-House  before  the  Revolu- 
tion "  (Kdward  F^gglcston)  38 
Church-building  after  the  Revolution  42 
Church  Home,  Lebanon,  Penn.  1S3 
Church  of  Our  Merciful  Saviour,  The,  53 
Church  of  the  .Advocate  (George  W.  South  Me- 
morial), Philadelphia  233 
Church  of  the  Ascension,  Washington,  D.C.   157 

15.S-lfK3 

Church  (if  the  Epiphany,  Washington,  D.C.  6465 
Church   of   the  Good  Shepherd,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

219  220 
Church  of  the  Good  Shepherd,  Hartford,  Conn. 

123-127 
Church  of  the  Holy  Spirit,  Mattapan,  Mass.  212 
Church  of  tlie  Holy  Spirit,  New  York  City  193  194 
Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  New  York  City     106 

107 
Church  of  the  Incarnation,  Phil.idelphia  127-129 
Church  of  the  Redeemer,  .Astoria,  N.  Y.  115  116 
Church  of  the  Redeemer,  Bryn  Mawr  186-1S8 
Church  of  the  Transfiguialion,  New  York  City  68 
Churches  built  more  llian  half  a  century  ago  41 
C'luirchmen,  .American,  Patriotism  of  41 
Cincinnati,    .Society   of,   monument   to    .Anthony 

Wayne  20 
Claggett,  Bishop  (of  Marj-land)  loS 
Clark,  Rev.  Jonas,  of  Lexington  22 
Clark,  Rev.  J.  W.  73 
Clark,  Rev.  f)iange  136 

Clark,  Right  Rev.  Thomas  M.  16  76  loi  165  173 
Clarkson,' Right  Rev.  Robert  H.  154  241  245 
("l.ixton.  Rev.  Dr.  R.  Bethell  56  162  164 
Cl.ivton,  Rev.  Mr.  (of  Philadelphia)  26  77 
Clolhiiig-clubs,  etc.  67 
Clover,  Rev.  Louis  P.  253 
Cobb,  Rev,  Dr.  N.  H.,  Bishop  73 
Coit,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  Cambridge,  Mass.)  37 
Coleman,  Rev.  Leighton,  S.  T.  D.,  Bishop  (Del- 
aware) 96  105  iof>  1  iS 
Collin,  Hannah,  F.pit.iph  of  14 
Collin,  Rev.  Nicholas  14 
Colonists,  The  Virginia,  Churchmen  9 
Colored  people,  Cluirrh  for  178 
Colt,  Mrs.  Samuel,  memorials  123  126 
Colonial  churches  9;  large  number  of  40;  author- 
ities resiiecting  40 
C"olnnial  .Architects  39 


INDEX. 


281 


Columbia  College,  New  York  19 

Colwell,  Rev.  James  Winsor  loi 

Common  Prayer,  Book  of  26  35  42 

Conaiit,  Colonel,  and  Paul  Revere  22 

Condit,  C.  H.  go 

Congress,  First  prayer  in  26 

Connecticut   militia  quartered  in  Christ  Church, 

Cambridge,  Mass.  36 
Constitution  of  P.  E.  Church  in  U.  S.  42 
Convention,  The  first  general  26 
Convers,  Rev.  D.  89 
Coombe,  Rev.  Mr.  (of  Philadelphia)  34 
Cooper,  Rev.  Dr.  Edmund  D.  116 
Copp's  Hill,  Boston,  Mass.  21 
Corcoran,  W.  W.,  munificence  of  158 
Courtney,  Right  Rev.  Dr.  Frederick  W.,  Bishop 

(Nova  Scotia)  48  156  157 
Covey,  Rev.  Peregrine  91 
Cowley  Fathers,  The  89 
Cox,  Rev.  Samuel  73 

Coxe,  Right  Rev.  A.  C,  D.D.  85  133  220 
Craik,  Rev.  Charles  Ewell  53 
Craik,  Rev.  Dr.  James  52  53 
Craik  and  Norton,  Drs.,  Memorials  of  53 
Crocker,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  Providence,  R.  I.)  100 
Croes,  Bishop  (of  New  Jersey)  41  iii 
Cross,  Rev.  Joseph,  D.D.  268 
Croswell,  Rev.  Dr.  William  22  200 
Crummell,  Rev.  Dr.  Alex.  179 
Cuming,    Rev.     Francis     H.,   D.D.     54    56    122 

13?  133 
Cummins,  Rev.  Dr.  George  D.  109  151 
Custis,  Mrs.  Martha  14  15 
Cutler,  Dr.  Henry  S.,  organist  60 
Cutler,  Rev.  Dr.  Timothy  22 
Cutting,  R.  Fulton,  Benefactions  of  iii 

Dade,  Rev.  Townsend  37 

Dakes,  Rev   O.  C.  243 

Daly,  Rev.  James  L.  225 

Dalzell,  Rev.  W.  T.  Dickinson  149 

Dame,  Rev.  William  M.  38 

Dana,  Rev.  Dr.  38 

Dartmouth  College  168  170 

Dashiell,  Rev.  George  loS 

Davenport,  Rev.  Addington  170 

Davenport  Cathedral,  Davenport,  Iowa  241 

Davidson,  Rev.  C.  B.  74 

Davis,  Jefferson,   Pew  occupied    by    Edwin    M. 

Stanton  64 
Davis,  Rev.  Thomas  2S 
Davis,  Rev.  Dr.  Tliomas  F.  35 
Davis,  Rev.  W.  W.  113  114 
Dawson,  Rev.  W.  C.  168 
Deaconess  Fund  63 
Deady,  Hon.  Matthew  P.  225 
Decorated  Gothic  92 
De  Cormis,  Rev.  Louis  igo 
Dehon,  Rev.  Theodore  25 
De  Lancey,  Bishop  (of  Western  N.  Y.)  35  105 
Denison,  Rev.  Henry  M.  198 
Distinguished  men  in  Episcopal  Church  42  43 
Dix,  Rev.  Dr.  Morgan  61 
Doane,  Rev.  George  W.,  Bishop  80  173 
Doane,  William  C,  Bishop  qi  273 
Dobb,  Rev.  Alexander  F.  75 
Doherty,  Rev.  Robert,  D.D.  243 
"  Dominie's  Bowery,"  The  50 
Dorenuis,  Owen,  Memorial  Windows  by  263 
Dorr,  Rev.  Dr.  Benjamin  28 
Dorset,  Rev.  C.  P.  240 
Doty,  Rev.  John  32 


Doty,  Rev.  Dr.  W.  D'Orville  234 
"  Double-decker,"  A  196 
Dowdney,  Rev.  John  204 
Drake,  Rev.  George  C.  19S 
Dresser,  Rev.  Charles  252  253 
Drums  instead  of  church-bells  39 
Ducachet,  Rev.  Dr.  Henry  W.  50  51 
Duche,  Rev.  Mr.  26  33  34 
Duffee,  Rev.  Dr.  Cornelius  R.  132 
Duffield,  Rev.  S.  B.  240 
Dunmore,  Lord,  at  Norfolk,  Va.  2S. 
Dyer,  Rev.  Palmer  153 

Eames,  Rev.  James  H.  100 

Early  English  architecture  195 

Earp,  Rev.  Samuel,  Ph.  D.  122 

Eastburn,  Rev.  iSL.  D.D.,  Bishop  76  173 

Easter,  Rev.  John  D.  245 

Easton,  Rev.  Giles  A.  113 

Eaton,  Rev   Dr.  22 

Egbert,  Rev.  John  L.  17 

Eggleston,  Edward  38  39 

Elliott,  Rev.  C.  P.  83 

Elliott,  Rev.   [ohn  H.,  S.  T.  D.  74  157  160 

Elliott,  Right  Rev.  Stephen  268 

Elliott,  Bishop  (of  Western  Texas)  148 

Ellison,  Rev.  Thomas  91 

Ely,  David  J.,  Memorial  243 

Epiphany,  Washington  178 

Eucharist,  Daily  70  103 

Evans,  Rev.  Evan  26  77 

Fabritius,  Rev.  John  13 

Facken,  Rev.  St.  Michael  225 

Fairfax  Parish,  Virginia  37 

Fales,  Rev.  T.  F.,  of  Waltham,  Mass.  146 

Fanning,  Robert  S.,  Memorial  116 

Fayerweather,    Rev.    Mr.   (Wickford,  Narragan- 

sett,  R.  L)  lb 
Field,  Rev.  C.  N.  89 
Fire,  The  great,  in    Boston   172;  in  Chicago  152 

.     154  156 
First  church  service  in  Virginia   10;  illustration 

of  9 
"  First  ring  cast  for  the  British  Empire  in  North 

America,  The  "  21 
Fish,  Rev.  J.  F.,  Chaplain  U.  S.  A.  148 
Fiske,  Rev.  George  McCiellan,  Bishop  loi 
Fiske,  Rev.  William  A.  73 
Flower,  Henry  Keep,  Memorial  132 
Foggo,  Dr.  Edward  A.  25  28 
Foote,  Rev.  George  W.  227  248 
Foote,  Rev.  Henry  W.  39 
Foot-stoves  used  in  pews  39 
Forbidden  degrees.  Tables  of  30 
Fowler,  Rev.  Morelle,  Memorial  window  24S 
Fox,  Captain  Gustavus  V.,  U.  S.  N.  44 
Franklin,  Benjamin  26  27  33 
Franklin,  Rev.  Benjamin  127 
Free  church  system  81  200 
Freeman,  Rev.  G.  W.,  Bishop  83 
Freeman,  Rev.  Silas  W.  122 
Freeman,  Rev.  Mr.  (of   King's   Chapel,  Boston) 

alterations  in  Prayer-Book  40 
French,  Rev.  Dr.  Jonathan  W.  64  157 
Frisby,  Rev.  William  B.  202 
Fulton,  Rev.  Dr.  John  207 

Galleher,   Rev.   John   N.,    S.  T.    D.,   Bishop 

(Louisiana)  7b 
Gardner  memorial  148 
Gardner,  Very  Rev.  C    H.  243  247 


282 


INDEX. 


Garrell,  Rev.  A.  C".  245 

Gassman,  Rev.  John  d.  245 

CJc-neral  Convention,  The  first  26 

IJLMirne  11.  of  En^;lan(l  22  z<t 

Georpe  III.,  Charter  granted  by  214 

Gethsemano    Church,    Minneapolis,    Minn.    205 

206  207 
Giesy,  Rev.  Samuel  H.,  D.H.  64  65 
Gillespie,    Rev.    George    D.,    Kishop  (Western 

^Iichigan)  D.D.  73  122 
Gillis,  Rev.  Lewis  J.  157 
Glen,  Mrs.  Marj',  First   services   in    Kranlvforcl, 

Penn.  67 
Gloria  Dei  Church,  Philadelphia  13 
Cioodwin,  Rev.  D.  16 
(joodycar,  Rev.  H.  B.  254 

Gothic  arcliitecture  not  favored  in  early  times  39 
Gown  and  surplice,  Black  33  39 
Grace  Church  Cathedral,  Top'eka,  Kan.  265-268 
Grace  Church,  Newton,  Mass.  146-148 
Grace  Church,  New  York  City  61-63  '^5 
Grace  Church,  b'tica,  N.  Y.  ^4-96 
Grafton,  Rev.  Charles  C,  Bishop  201 
Grammer,  Rev.  Julius  E.  109 
Graves,  Rev.  .Anson  R.  205 
Gray,  Rev.  J.  B.  113 
Grecian  architecture  47 
lireen.  Rev.  William  Alercer,  Bishop 82 
Greene,  Rev.  J.  S.  Copley  146  147 
(jregg,  Right  Rev.  Alexander  149 
Gregg,  Rev.  P.M.  253 
Gregon,-,  Rev.  Dr.,  Chaplain  L .  S.  A.  243 
Griswoltl,  Rev.  George  3S 
Griswokl,  Rev.  Dr.,  Bishop  100 
Guilbert,  Rev.  Edmund  194 
Gurteen,  Rev.  S.  Humphreys  254 

Haic.ht,  Rev.  Benjamin  I.  73 

Hale,  Rev.  Charles  S.  loS 

Hale,  Rev.  Dr.,  Hanover,  N.  H.  168 

Hall,  Rev.  Charles  H.,  D.D.  64  178 

Hall,  Rev.  R.  B.  25 

Hall,  Rev.  Wyllys,  D.D.  122 

Hallain,  Rev.  Isaac  W.  151  153  154 

Hare,  Rev.  Chandler  1S3 

Harris,  Rev.  Samuel   .S.",  D.D.,  I.L.D.,   Bishop 

7,S  7f'  >5'>  .  , 
Harris  memorial  169 
Harris,  Rev.  Dr.  William  19  202 
Harris,  Rev.  William  R.  19 
Harrison,  President  W.  H.  H.  44 
Hart,  Rev.  H.  M.  254 
Harvard  University,  Cambridge,  Mass.  36 
Harwood,  Rev.  Edwin,  D.D.  204 
Haskell,  William,  and  wife  19 
Haskins,  Rev.  Thomas  W.  248 
Haughton,  Rev.  James  168  188 
Hawks,  Right  Rev.  Cicero  S,  261  262 
Hawks,  Rev.  Dr.  Francis  L,  129  132  133 
Hawley,  Rev.  Dr.  157 
Haydeii,  Rev.  Horace  Edwin  19S 
Heather,  Rev.  George  A.  73 
Heating  churches  in  colonial  limes  39 
Henrv,  Mrs.   Pauline  E.  96  97 
Hensliaw,  Rev.  Daniel  117 
Henshaw,  Rev.    John    Prentiss  Hewley,    D.D., 

Bishop  19  loS  112  1 16-11 8 
Henshaw  Memorial  116 
Hicks,  Rev.  John  A.  88 
Hills,   Yen.  George    Morgan.  D.  D  ,    Historical 

Sketch  40  77  80 
Hitchcock,  Rev.  William  .A.  144 


Hobart,  Bishop  (of  New  York)  45  54 

Hobart  Hall,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.  122  123 

H.»I'.;es,  Rev.  Dr.  J.  S.  B.  K5 

ll.)ffmaii,  Rev.  Eugene  Augustus  80  81 

Hiildcn,  Rev.  William  44 

Holland,  Rev.  Dr.  R.  A.  151 

Homans,  Rev.  James  A.  73 

Honevman,  Rev.  Mr.  24  25 

Hooker,  Rev.  Dr.  Herman  88 

Hooper,  Rev.  Jos.  85 

Hopkins,  Rev.  John  Henry  143  144 

Hopkins,  Bishop  (of  Vermont)  173 

Hopkinson,  Francis  26 

Hoppin,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  Cambridge,  Mass.)  37 

Horrell,  Rev.  Thomas  259 

Horton,  Rev.  Sanford  J.  116 

Hospital,  Epiphany  (Washington)  a  64 

Houghton,  Rev.  E.  C.  70 

Houghton,  Rev.  Dr.  George  H.  6q  70 

House  built  from  materials  of  old  church  28 

Hovey,  Rev.  Henrj'  E.  195 

Howe,  Bishop  (Pennsylvania)  182  1S9217 

Hull,  Rev.  Lemuel  B.  207 

Humphreys,  NLiry  Gay,  Description  by  11 

Hunt,  Rev.  Robert  10  11 

Huntington,  Rev.  Dr.  William  R.  63  165 

Huse,  Rev.  Mathew  133 

Hutchinson,  Governor  37 

Hutton,  Rev.  Orlando,  D.D.  157 

Hyland,  Rev.  Peter  E.  225 

I.MMANUEL  Church,  Bellows  Falls,  Yt.  107  108 

Indians,  Conversion  of  9 

Ingersoll  Memorial,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  219220 

Inglis,  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  5960 

Ireland,  Rev.  John  1 10 

Irish,  Rev.  W.  N.  243 

"  Iron  Cross,  Guild  of  the  "  89  90 

Jackson,  Rev.  William  29  52 
Jackson,  Rev.  W.  F.  B.  253 
Jaggar,  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  .A.,  Bishop  72  74 
Jamestown,  Va.,  Settlement  and  ruins  10 
Jarvis,  Rev.  Samuel  P'armar,  D.D.  48  204 
Jenckes,  Rev.  Joseph  S.  74 
fenckes,  Rev.  Joseph  S.,  Jun.  146 
Johns,  Rev.  H.  V.  D.  73 

Johnson,  Rev.  Samuel  73 
ohnson.  Sir  William  32 
Johnston,  Gen.  Joseph  E.  268 
Johnston,  Rev.  Lloyd  E.  254 
Jones,  Rev.  Charles  133 
Jones,  Rev.  Lucius  H.  148  150 

Jones,  Rev.  Cave  202 
ones.  Rev.  Henry  L.  196  19S 
Jones  Memorial  150 

"KAvCh.apel,  The"25 

Kay,  Nathaniel,  School  founded  by  25 

Kear.sley,  Dr.  John  27 

Keeling,  Rev.  George  David  151 

Keith,  Rev.  Melville  D.  149 

Keith,  Rev.  Dr.  Reul  38 

Keith  and  Talbot,  missionaries  77  78 

Keller,  Rev.  George  A.  21 

Kellogg,  Rev.  S.  B.  154 

Kemp,  Rev.  Dr.  James,  Bishop  85 

Kemper,    Rev.    Jackson,   D.D.,    Bishop   88   196 

205  210  242  247  2*^10  261  263 
Kerfoiit,  Rev.  John  B.,  D.D.,  Bishop  144 
Kulner,  Rev.  Reuben  174 
Kiniber,  Rev.  Arthur  C,  D.D.  182 


INDEX. 


28- 


King's  Chapel,  Boston  35  37  40  170 
Kinsolving,  Rev.  G.  H.  74 
Kip,  Bisliop  (of  California)  113 
Kirby,  Rev.  R.  M.  24S 
Knickerbocker,  Rev.  D.  B.,  Bishop  205 
Knowles,  Rev.  J.  H.  240 

Lady-chapel  relics,  Worcester,  Mass.  166 

Lady  choir  256 

La  Farge,  Decorations  by  130  173  198 

Landmark  on  Broadway,  New  York  6i 

Larrabee,  Rev.  Edward  k.  254 

Langdon,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  Cambridge,  Mass.)  37 

Lay  work  (at  St.  Mark's,  Frankford,  Philadel- 
phia) 65 

Leffingwell,  Rev.  Christopher  S.  176 

Lee,  Rev.  D.  J.  1 13 

Lee,  Rev.  Henry  W.,  D.D.,  Bishop  56  241  243 

Lee,  Gen.  Robert  Edward,  Memorial  38 

Leeds,  Rev.  George,  D.D.  35  94  100 

Lehigh  University  (Packer  Memorial)  South  Beth- 
leliem,  Penn.  216  217 

Lenthall  Home  for  widows  65 

Leonard,  W.  A.,  D.D.  44 

Lester,  Rev.  Charles  Stanley  207 

Lewis,  Rev.  J.  Vaughan  178  179 

Lexington,  Incidents  before  battle  of  22 

Lincoln,  Abraliam,  Incidents  connected  with  253 

Linder  Memorial  148 

Linderman  Memorial  216 

Lines,  Rev.  S.  G.  113 

Littell,  Rev.  Thomas  Gardiner,  D.D.  123 

"  Little  Church  Around  the  Corner,  The,''  New 
York  City  68-71 

Lockyear,  Rev.  Mr.  (of  Newport,  R.  L)  24 

Lombardic  architecture  197 

London,  Bisliop  of,  rector  of  Trinity,  N.  Y.  58 

Long  rectorships  33  45  i;3  61  69  129  137  '42  ibo 

Longfellow,  H.  W.,  "Old  St.  David's  at  Rad- 
nor" 19  20;  "  Paul  Revere's  Ride  "  23 

Longridge,  Rev.  W.  H.  89 

Loop,  Rev.  De  Witt  C.  198 

Lottery  for  church  purposes  27 

Lumsden,  Rev.  David  F.  122 

Lycett,  Rev.  Edward  S.,  Memorial  187 

Lyman,  Rev.  Theodore  B.,   Bishop  116 

Macauley,  Rev.  George  268270 

Madison,  Bishop  (of  Virginia)  41 

Madison,  President  James  44 

Magee,  James,  Memorial  window  51 

Magill,  Rev.  George  J.  25  240 

Magrath,  Rev.  John  T.  212 

Mahan,  Rev.  D"r.  Milo  85 

Mann,  Rev.  Charles  38 

Maples,  Rev.  Carlton  P.  225 

Marblehead,  Mass.,  Ancient  Church  at  16-19 

Marks,  Rev.  Samuel  122 

Marsh,  George  Massev  194  195 

Marshall,  Rev.  Dr.  M'.  M.  83 

Mason,  Rev.  Richard  Sharpe,  D.D.  83  196 

Maturin,  Rev.  B.  W.  89 

Maxwell,  Rev.  James  L.  189  198 

Maxwell,  Rev.  Samuel  144 

May,  Rev.  Dr.  James  118  196 

Mayer,  Rev.  H.  C.  146 

McCarty,  Rev.  John  84 

McCart'y,  Rev.  John,  D.D.  225 

McConiiell,  Rev   Dr.  S.  D.  52 

McConnell  Memorial  169 

McCook,  Rev.  J.  J.  99 

McCormac,  Rev.  Johnston  225 


McCroskey,  Rev.  Samuel  A.,  Bishop  122 

McGuire,  Rev.  John  38 

Mcllvaine,  Rev.  Dr.  Charles  P.,  Bishop  103 

McKee,  Rev.  J.  M.  E.  44 

McKim,  Rev.  Randolph  H.,  D.D.  38  76 

McLaren,  William  £.,  Bishop  156  240 

McSparren,  Rev.  Dr.  16 

Meade,  Bishop  (of  Virginia)  38  40 

Meneely,  E.  A.  &  G.  R.  227 

Mercer,  Rev.  Dr.  A.  G.  25 

Merritt,  Rev.  Dr.  R.  N.  229 

Miles,  Rev.  George  D.  196 

Militia  quartered  in  Christ  Churcli,  Cambridge, 

Mass.  36 
Miller,  Rev.  A.  D.  113 
Miller,  Rev.  Dr.  Daniel  S.  67  68 
Miller,  Rev.  G.  D.  B.  248 
Millspaugh,  Rev.  Frank  R.  245  247 
Miliior,  Rev.  Dr.,  remarkable  ministry  140 
"  Missionary  Bishop  of  the   North  West,  The  '' 

(Rev.  Jackson  Kemper)  88 
Missions,  Old  Spanish,  Ruins  of  149 
Monroe,  President  James  44 
Monroe,  Rev.  William  H.  23 
Montgomery,  Rev.  James  49  63 
Moore,  Rev.  Benjamin,  Bishop  11 1  202 
Moore,  Rev.  Richard  Chaniiing  80 
Moore,  Rev.  Thoroughgood  91 
Morgan,  Rev.  P.  B.  74 
Morgan,  Rev.  Dr.  William  F.  130  132 
Morris,  Rev.  B.  W.,  Bishop  (Oregon)  161 
Morris,  Rev.  Oliver  38 
Morrison,  Rev.  James  D.  133 
Morrison,  Rev.  James  H.  109 
Morton,  Rev.  Henry  J.  137 
Mudge,  Enoch  R.,  Memorials  190  191 
Mulchaliey,  Rev.  Dr.  James  105 
Murphy,  Rev.  R.  H.  149 

Neelv,  Rev.  Henry  .Adams,  Bishop  (Maine)  219 

234  249  250 
Nelson,  Rev.  Henry  W.  127 
Neville,  Rev.  Dr.  Edmund  130  132 
Nevins,  Rev.  Dr.  227 
Newport,  R.  1.,  Ancient  church  at  23 
Newlin,  Rev.  Dr.   Joseph  D.  128 
Newton,  Rev.  W.  W.  48 
Nicholls,  Rev.  Dr.  William  F.  137 
Nicholson,  Rev.  Joseph  J.  149 
Nicholson,  Rev.  Dr.  William  R.  73 
Niles,  Rev.  William  Woodruff,  Bishop  195 
Noble,  Rev.  Mr.  (of  Milwaukee,  Wis.)  207 
Norfolk,  V a..  Borough  of  28 
Norman  Gothic  no 
Norton,  Rev.  Dr.  F.  L.  87  190 
Norton,  Rev.  George  H.  54 
Norton  and  Craik,  Drs. ,  Memorials  of  53 
Noted  men  in  civic  life.  Churchmen  42  43 

Oberi.y,  Rev.  Henry  H.,  M.  A.  81 

Odenheimer,   Bishop  35  80 
Ogden,  (iouverneur  Morris,  Memorial  176 
Okeson,  Nicholas  Albertson,  Rev.  30 
Old  English  architecture  132 
"  Old  Glebe  Schoolhouse,  The  "  45 
"Old  Narragansett  Church  "  15 
"  Old  Radnor  "  19  20 

"  Old  St.  David's,"  at  Radnor  (poem)  19  20 
Old  Swedes'  Church,  Philadelphia  13  ;    at  Wil- 
mington, Del.  12 
Old-time  usages  38 
Oldest  church  in  North  America  ii 


284 


/X/)/:X. 


Oldest  place  of  worsliip  in  I'oston  21 

Oldest  Protestant  Church  in  North  America  11 

Oliver,  Rev.  Andrew  loS 

tdmstead,  Rev.  Charles  T.  (^4  (/■ 

Onderdonk,  Rev.  Dr.  H.  U.,  Uishi.p,  54  112 

Order  of  .St.  John  the  Kvani;elisl  Si> 

Orpan,  Largest,  in  this  country  251^ 

Organ,  The  Herkeley  24 

Organs  in  colonial  churches  39 

Organ  builders :  — 

.Appleton  &  Warren  55 

Hall  &  Krben  54 

Hook  &  Hastings  197  2o^>  210  256 

Hutchings  224 

Hutchins  &  Plaisted  202 

Inrdine  &  .Sons  118 

Odell,  J.  H.  &  C.  S.  74  216 

Roosevelt  ijo 
Osborne,  Louis  .Shreve  151 
Otis,  Rev.  George  37 

Packer    Memorial   Church,  .South    Bethlehem, 

Penn.  216  217 
Packer   Memorials,    St.    Mark's,    Mauch  Chunk 

1 18-120 
Paddock,  Rev.  Dr.  W.  F.  162 
Paddock,  Hishop  (of  Massachusetts)  165  190 
Page,  Rev.  Hernard  195 
Page,  Rev.  Dr.  David  "C.  52 
"Palatine  Dutch"  236 
Palfrey,  Colonel,  at  Cambridge,  Mass.  37 
Pardee,  Rev.  Amos  84 
Pardee,  Rev.  Luther  240 
Paret,  Rev.  William,  D.D.,  Rishop  64 
Parish  Churches  and  Parish  Buildings  57 
Parker,  Rev.  Stevens,  D.D.  Si  123 
Parker,  Bishop  (of  Massachusetts)  41 
Parkman,  Rev.  C.  M.  127 
Pasteur,  James,  House  built  bv,  from  materials 

of  old  Church  28 
Paterson,  Rev.  Andrew  B.,  D.D.  88 
Patriotism  of  American  churcluiien  41 
Patterson,  Rev.  Albert  C.  94 
Patterson,  Rev.  Jas.  243 
Patterson,  Bishop  (of  Mninesota)  247 
Paulding,  John,  sexton  of  Christ  Church  23 
Pawning  articles  to  build  church  13 
Payne,  Rev.  Dr.  William  33 
Peake.  Rev.  E.  S.  113 
Peck,  Rev.  J.  Milton  189 
Peet,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  Des  Moines,  Iowa)  243 
Pendleton.  Rev.  J.  P.  B.  33 
Penn,  William,  his  sons  churchmen  33 
Perr>',  Rev.  Dr.  C.ideon  B.  162 
Perry,    William   Stevens,  D.D.,    Bishop   42    146 

198  199  200 
Perry's  "History  of  the  American  Church"  40 

198  199  200 
Peters,  Rev.  M.  R.  133 
Peters,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  Philadelphia)  34 
Phillips,  Rev.  John  W.  254 
Phvsician,  Memi>rial  of  a  97 
Pierce,  Rev.   Henry   N.,  DD,    LL.D.,   Bishop 

(Arkansas)  -jh  253 
Pierson,  Rev.  James  W.  2^3 
Pinknev,  Rev.  William,  Ursliop  44  157  160 
Pitkin,  Rev.  Dr.   Thomas  C.  52  s'' 
Phimmer,  Rev.  ( leorge  F.  227 
Polk,  Rev.  Leonidas,  .S.  T.  D.,   Bishop  75;  gen- 
eral in  Confederate  army,  268 
Popliam  colonists  in  NLiine,  10 
Portsmouth  Parish,  Norfolk,  Va.  28 


Potter,  Rev.  .Alonzo,  Piishop  32  48  215  217 

Potter,  Rev.  Dr.  Henrv  C,  Bishop  63  87  214 

Potter,  Rev.  Horatio,  (Sishop  91  130215240241 

Pratt,  Rev.  James  15 1 

Praver-Book  copied  bv  hand  iS 

Prescott,  Rev.  O.  H.'25 

Prescott,  Rev.  O.  S.  201 

President  of  (leneral  Convention  53 

"  President's  Church,"  Washingtoii  43 

Primitive  Churches  in  Vir};iiiia  38 

Prince  of  Peace  Church,  (Gettysburg,  Penn.  227 

228  229 
Procession  of  dijinitaries,  A  33 
"  Protestant  Episcojial   Church    in  the    U.    S.," 

Origin  of  9 
Provoost,  Dr.  .Samuel,  Bishop  41  42  60 
Purviance,  Rev.  C.  127 
Pyne,  Rev.  C.  NL  44 
Pyne,  Rev.  Smith  133 

Quakers  at  Burlington,  N.  J.  77;  listening  out- 
side to  church  service  at  26 
Quintaid,  Right  Rev.  Dr.  C.  T.  268 

Radnor,  Penn.,  Old  Church  at  ig 
Rainsford,  Rev.  Dr.  William  S.  140  141 
Raleigh,  Sir  Walter,  at  Roanoke  Island  9 


Randall,  Bishop,  memorial  window  256 
Randolph,  Rev.  Dr.  (of  A 
Randolph,  Rev.  F.  L.  113 


.V  2  5'> 

a.  Va.)  3f 


38 


Ravenscroft,    Rev.    John    .Stark,    D.D.,    Bishop 

(North  Carolina)  82  83 
Reculver,  Kent,  Kng.,  Rector  in  America  10 
Reed,  Rev.  Dr   John  214 
Revere,  Paul,  Signal  lanterns  22  23 
Revolution,  War  of,  effect  of,  on  the  Cluirch  41 
Richardson,  Rev.  W.  R.  149  151 
Richmond,  Rev.  Jas.  C.  204  207 
Richmond,  Rev.  William  204  225 
Rideing,  William  H.  5960 
Roads,  .Samuel,  Jun.,  IVLirblehead  18 
Roanoke  I.sland.  Sir  W.  Raleigh  at  9 
Roberts,  Rev.  Warren  H.  108' 
Rodney,  Rev.  John  1^0  162 
Romanesque  Architecture  90 
Rood-screens  192 
Rottensteins,  father  and  son  148 
Round  Church  143 
Rouse,  Rev.   John  H.  too 
Rudder,  Rev.'  Dr.  William  51 
Rulison,  Rev.  Nelson  .S.,  D.D.  164  217 
Russell,  Rev.  Peter  118 
Rylance,  Rev.  Dr.  J.  H.  154  162 

Santa  Fe,  Roman-Catholic  Cathedral  at  11 

Satterlee,  Rev.  Henry  (I.  133 

Sayrs,  Rev.  John  J.  214 

Scarborough.  Rev.  John  144 

Schenck,  Rev.  Dr.  Noah  Hunt  112  151 

Schuyler,  Rev.  Dr.  .-XntlKuiy,  234 

Schuyler,  Rev.  Dr.  Montgomery  262 

Scott',  Bishop,  Or.  227 

Scott,  Right  Rev.  'I'homas  Fielding  225 

.Scott,  Gen.  Wintield,  Memorial  window  44 

"  Scribner's  ^L^gazine,"  quotation  from  59 

Seabury,  Bishop  (of  ("onnecticut)  42 

Seabury,  Rev.  .Samuel  213 

Searle,  Rev.  .Addison  13^ 

.Selwood,  Rev.  John,  B.D.  225 

Selwyn,  Bishop  247  2^'^ 

Senate  window,  St.  Michael's,  ^L^rblehead  18 

Seymour,  Right  Rev.  ( leoigc  Frank,  D  D.  253 


INDEX. 


1S5 


Shattuck,  Dr.  George  C.  222 

Shaw,  Rev.  William  18 

Sheets,  Rev.  Geoiije  67 

Shinn,  Rev.  Dr.  G.  W.  146 

Shirass,  Rev.  Alexander,  D.D.  19S 

Sill,  Rev.  Frederick  S.,  M.  A.  137 

Silvester,  Rev.  W.W.  233 

Simes,  Rev.  Snyder  B.  14 

Slaughter,  Rev.' Dr.  Philip,  quoted  10 

Sniailwood,  Rev.  William  A.  151 

Smedes,  Rev.  Albert  32 

Smith,  Rev.  Aristides  29 

Smith,  Rev.  Cornelius  B.,  D.D.  204 

Smith,  Captain  John  10 

Smith,  Rev.  William,  "Office  of  Institution  "  16 

Smith,  Bishop,  at  Marblehead,  Mass.  19 

Smith,  Bishop  (of  Kentucky)  259 

Smith,  Dr.  (provost  Univ.  of  Pennsylvania)  33 

Snively,  Rev.  Thaddeus  A.  87 

Southgate,  Bishop  H.  37  200 

Southgate,  Rev.  William  S.  gi 

Spackman,  Rev.  Henry  S.  67,  89 

Spaulding,  Rev.  Dr.  James  F.  36  37 

Spieren,  Rev.  George  H.  214 

Sprague,  Col.  Homer  B.,  quotation  from  113 

St.  Andrew's,  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.  121-123 

St.  Andrew's,  Boston  174-176 

St.  Andrew's  Brotherhood  96 

St.  Andrew's,  Jacksonville,  Fla   221  222 

St.  Ann's.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  (the  Old  and  the  New) 

110-113 
St.  Ann's,  Kennebunk,  Me.  218  219 
St.  Anne's,  Annapolis,  Md.  90  gi 
St.  Augustine's  Chapel,  New  York  City  1 79-1 82 
St.  Botolph's,  Old  Boston,  Eng.  173 
St.  Bride's  Parish,  Norfolk,  Va.  28 
St.  Clement's,  Philadelphia  88-90 
St.  David's,  Radnor,  Penn.  19-21 
St.  Gaudens,  Louis,  decorations  by  93  130 
St.  George's,  New  York  City  138-141 
St.  George's,  .Schenectady,  N.  Y.  31-33 
St.  George's  Chapel,  New  York  City  59  61 
St.  George's  Memorial  House  140  141 
St.  George's,  Newburgh,  N.  Y.  43-47 
St.  James',  Chicago  151  153-157 
St.  James',  Philadelphia  137,  138 
St.  James',  New  York  City  202-205 
St.  John's  Cathedral,  Denver,  Col.  254-257 
St.  John's,  Cincinnati  72  73 
St.  John's,  Cohoes,  N.  Y.  136  137 
St.  John's,  Detroit,  Mich.  97-99 
St.  John's,  Ogdensburg,  N.  Y.  133-136 
St.  John's,  Troy,  N.  Y.  86-88 
St.  John's,  Washington,  D.  C.  42-45 
St.  John's,  Wilmington,  Del.  123  124 
St.  John  the  Evangelist,  Order  of  201 
St.  Luke's  Memorial,  Bustleton,  Penn.  96  97 
St.  Luke's  Cathedral,  .Atlanta,  fla.  268-271 
St.  Luke'.s  Cathedral,  Portland,  Me.  249-252 
Jt.  Luke's,  Germantown,  Penn.  160-162 
St.  Luke's,  Lebanon,  Penn.  182-1S6 
St.  Luke's,  Rochester,  N.  Y.  54-56 
St.  Luke's,  San  Francisco,  Cal.  1 13-115 
St.  Luke's,  Smithfield,  Va.  11  12 
St.  Luke's,  Washington,  D.  C.  178  179 
St.  Mary's,  Burlington,  N.J.  77-80;  History  of  40 
.St.  Mary's,  West  Philadelphia  141  142 
St.  Mark's  Cathedral,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah  247 

248249 
St.  Mark's,  Krankford,  Philadelphia  65-68 
.St.  Mark's,  Mauch  Chunk,  Penn.  118-120 
St    TiCark's.  .San  Antonio.  lex.  14.5-151 


.St.  Michael's,  Marbl.head,  NLiss.  16-19 

St.    Paul's   Cathedral,    tond   du    Lac,  Wis,  263- 

265 
St.  Paul's  Cathi.dr.u  Churtli,  Buffalo,  N.   Y.  271 

272  273 
St.  Paul's  House,  Baltimore,  Md.  S5 
St.    Paul's    Pro-Cathedral,    Springfield,    111.    252 

253  254 
St.  Paul's,  Baltimore,  Md.  85  So 
.St.  Paul's,  Boston  47-49 
St.  Paul's,  Brookline,  Mass.  76  77 
St.  Paul's  (Old  and  New)  Cincinnati  70-74 
St.  Paul's,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  162-164 
St.  Paul's,  Milwaukee,  Wis.  207-210 
St.  Paul's,  Elizabeth  River  Parish,  Norfolk,  Va. 

2831 
St.  Paul's,  St.  Paul,  Minn.  88 
St.  Paul's,  Wickford,  R.  \.  15  16 
St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  Cathedral  of  240  241 
St.  Peter's,  Albany,  N.  Y.  91-94 
St.  Peter's,  Baltimore,  Md.  108-110 
St.  Peter's,  Morristown,  N.  J.  229  230 
St.  Peter's,  Philadelphia  33-.35 
St.  Peter's,  Portchester,  N.  Y.  217  218 
St.  Peter's,  White  Hou,se,  Va.  14  15 
St.  Saviour's,  Bar  Harbor,  Me.  176-17S 
.St.  Stephen's,  Lynn,  Mass.  190-193 
St.  Stephen's,  Olean,  N.  Y.  230-233 
.St.  Stephen's,  Philadelphia  49-52 
St.  Stephen's,  Providence,  R.  I.  gg-103 
St.  Stephen's,  Wilkes-Barre,  Penn.  195-198 
St.  Thomas',  Hanover,  N.  H.  168-170 
St.  Thomas',  New  York  City  129-132 
.Stanley,  Rev.  Henry  157 
Stanton,     Edwin    M.     179;    occupied    Jefferson 

Davis'  pew  64 
Starkev,  Rev.  Dr. ,  Bishop  64 
Steenstra,  Rev.  Dr.  P.  H.  146 
Steinhauser  Memorial  Sculptuies  41  50 
Stent,  Edward  J.  N.  &  Co.,  Decorations  by  118 

162  igS 
Stevens,   Right  Rev.  William    Bacon,  D.D.   118 

129  142  1S7  19S 
Stewart,  A    T.,  Memori.nl  Church  257-259 
Stockton,  Louise,  quoted  26  33 
Stone,  Rev.  Dr   (of  St    Paul's,  Boston)  48 
.Storrs,  Rev.  Leonard  K.  77 
Stoy,  Rev.  William,  B.  D.  225 
.Street,  Rev.  G.  C.  240 
■Stringfellow,  Rev.  Dr.'  157 
.Sullivan,  Rev.  Dr.  Edward  151 
Surplice  and  gown.  Black  33  39 
Suter,  Rev.  Henderson  38 
Swedes'  Church,  Old,  at   Wilmington,  Del.   12; 

at  Philadelphia  13 
.Swope,  Rev.  Cornelius  E.  144  151 
"  Sylvan  City,  A,"  Extract  from  33 

Talbot  and  Keith,  missionaries  77  78  79 

Taylor,  Rev.  Charles  C.  122 

Taylor,  Rev.  Frederick  William  254 

Taylor,  Rev.  John  ("  Father  Taylor  ")  143 

Taylor,  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  H.  63 

Tavlor,  President  Zacharv  44 

Thomas.  Rev.  Elisha  T.,'D.D.  88 

Tlxmipson,  Rev.  Hugh  Miller,  S.  T.  D.,  LL.D., 

P.isliop  76  156 
Thompson,  Rev.  William  143 
Tiljbs,  Rev.  William  85 
Tiffany  Glass  Co.  210 
Tobacco  paid  for  church  15;    clergyman  paid  in 

37 


286 


INDEX. 


T.Kld,  Rev.  Charles  I.  iv? 

Todd,  Mary,  Marriage  to  Abrnliam  Lincoln  253 

Tolman,  Kev.  Marcus  Alden  118  120 

Tracv,  Charles,  Memorial   141 

Trafford,  Cornelius  K.,  Chimes  115 

Transfiguration,  Church  of  the,  New  York  Citv 

68-71 
Treat,  Hon.  S.  H.,  church-warden  52  years  252 
Tremayne,  Rev.  Francis  13J 
Trinity  Catliedral,  Omaha,  Neb.  243-247 
Trinity  House,  Boston  174 
Trinity  House,  Chicago  153 
Trinity  Parish,  Portland,  Ore.  22C-227 
Trinity,  Boston  170-176;  tower  of  (illus.)  g 
Trinity,  Buffalo,  N.  V.  219220 
Tnnity,  Chicago,  111.  109  151-153 
Trinity,  New  Orleans  74 
Trinity,  New  York  City  57  105  139  140  176  179 

249  263  ;  spire  of  (illustration)  9 
Trinity,  Newport,  R.  i.  23 
Trinity,  Oxford,  Penn.  67 
Trinity,  Pittsburgh,  Penn.  143 
Trinity,  Toledo,  O.  103 
Troops  quartered  in  a  church  36 
Truro  Parish,  Virginia  37 
Tucker,  Rev.  Beverly  30 
Tucker,  Rev   Joseph  L.  234 
"  Tucker's  Hvmnal  "  86 
Tuttle,  Right  Rev.  D.  S.  248 
Tvler,  President  John  A.  44 
Tyng,  Rev.  Stephen  H.,  D.D.  140 
Tyng,  Dr.  S.  H.,  Jun.  106 

Union  College,  Schenectady,  N.  Y.  31  32 

Unitarian  Society,  King's  Chapel  40 

Upfold,  Rev.  (ieorge,  D.D.,  BishopClndiana)  132 

■  44 
Upjohn,  Rev.  Dr.  S.  161 

Vaii,,  Rev.  Thomas  H.,  Bishop  37  165 

Van  Antwerp,  Rev.  William  H.  243  245 

Van  Buren,  President  Martin  44 

Van  Deusen,  Rev.  Kdwin  M.  94 

Van  Rensselaer,  Hon.  Henry,  Liberality  of  133 

Vandyck,  Rev.  Henry  214 

Ventilation,  Ifnique  mode  of  150 

Vesey,  Rev.  William  5.S 

Vestrvman,  Washinclon  a  37 

Vibbe'rt,  Rev.  Dr.  William"  H.  157  161 

Vinton,  Rev.  Dr.,  Influence  in  Boston  48  49 

Vinton,  Rev.  Alexander  H.,  D.  D.  100  168 

Vinton,  Rev.  Francis,  D.D.  25  100 

"  Virainia,  Old  Churches  and  Old  Families  in  " 

(Bishop  Meade)  40 
Virginia,  Primitive  churches  in  38 

Wai)I-eic;h,  Rev.  A.  161 

Wagner,  Rev.  F-.  A.  140 

Wainwright,  Rev.  Dr.  J.  ^L,  Bishop  63  173 

Walbridge,  Rev.  H.  B.  104  105 

Walden,  Rev.  Trcadwell  48 

Walke,  Rev.  Lewis  29 

Walker,  Kev.  W.  F.  151   154 

Walker,  Rev.  Dr.  3S 

Walsh.  Rev.  Dr.  Oeorge  H.  87 

Ward,  Rev.  Charles  William  101 

Ward,  Rev.  John  250 

Ward,  kev.  Julius  H.  10 

Warren,  Rev.  1',.  Walpole,  a  "  missioner  "  106 

Warren,  Dr.  Joseph,  and  Paul  Revere  22 

Washburn,  Rev.  K.dward  A.  133 

"  Washington  listate.  The"  14 


Washington,  George,  Marriage  of  14  i;;  wor- 
shipped at  Christ  Church,  Phihidelphia  26; 
letter  to,  from  Rev.  Mr.  Duclie  34,  at  Cam- 
bridpe  36 ;  vestryman  and  pew-owner, 
Christ  Church,  Alexandria,  Va.  37  38;  me- 
morial tablet  3S;  at  Monistown,  N.  J.  229 

Washington,  .\Lirlha  14  15  37 

Waterman,  Rev.  Heiirv  100  lot  102 

Watkins,  Rev.  W.  F.,'D.D.  64 

Watson,  Rev.  Dr.  Benjamin  56234 

Watson,  Rev.  Oeorge  W.  243 

Watson,  Rev.  J.  Henry  127 

Wayne,  "  Mad  Anthony"  19  20 

Webster,  Daniel,  on  building-committee  47 

Week-dav  visitors  to  (irace  Church,  New  York  63 

Weeks,  Rev.  J.  W.  18 

Welsh,  Mr.  and  .Mrs.  William  67 

Welton,  Rev.  A.  W.  54  121 

West,  Rev.   John  243 

West,  Rev.  i)r.  William  85 

Wharton,  Rev.  Dr.  .Ho 

Wheaton,  Rev.  Homer  214 

Wheaton,  Kev.  Salmon  25 

Wheeler,  Charles,  .Memorial  cross  187  188 

Whetmore,  Rev.  Robert  32 

Whipple,  Right  Rev.  Henry  B.,  D.D.,  LL.  D. 
88241  242 

Whilaker,  Risht  Rev.  O.  VV.,  Bishop  233 

White,  Rev.  Dr.   I.  P.  25 

White,  Rev.  William,  D.D.,  Bishop  26  28  34  35 
41  42  49  137  142  143  144   «9<> 

White  House,  Va.  14  15 

Whitehouse,  Rev.  Henry  J.,  D.D.,  Bishop  56 
130  132  151  152  240 

Whitnev,  S.    B.,  organist  200 

Whittin'ghani,  Bishop  S5  86 

"  Wicaco  Church,  .At  the  "  13 

Wilkinson,  Rev.  John  240 

Wickford,  R.  L,  Old  church  near  15 

William  and  Mary,  Altar  vessels  given  by  37 

William,  Mrs.  James  Watson  94  96 

Williams.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.eorge,  Memorial  128  129 

Willi.nms,  Rev.  Prof.  Oeorge  P.  122 

Willi.'ms,  Rev.  John,  Bishop  33  37 

Williams,  Kev.  Dr.  W.  C.  270" 

Wilmer,  Rev.  Joseph  P.  B.,  D.D.,  Bishop  75 

Wilmington,  Del  ,  Old  church  at  12 

Wilson  the  ornithologist  14 

Windows,  Memorial  18  19  75  88  212 

Wines,  Rev.  C.  ^L  164 

Wingale,  Rev.  C.  J.  270 

Witherspoon,  Rev.  Orlando  73 

Wolfe,  IVIiss  Catharine  L.  62  150  243 

Wolfe,  John  David  243 

Wood,  Sir  ,  organist  52 

Woodward  Memorial  198 

Worcester,  Dean  of.  Inscription  by  166 

Workingman's  Church,  The  ()6 

Work-rooms,  St.  Augustine's,  New  York  182 

Worthington,  Rev.  Oeorge,  D.D.,  Bishop  99  243 

Wren,  Sir  Christopher  21 

Wright,  Rev.  George  1 10 

Wright,  Rev.   lohn  SS 

Wright,  Rev.  William  F,dgar238 

Wvatt,  Rev.  Dr.  William  F..  S5 

"  W'yoming  Parish  "   195 

Yarnai.i.,  Rev.  Dr.  Thomas  C.  142 

Yellow  fever  at  Norfolk,  Va.  29;  in  New  York  202 

Young,  Bishop.  Memorial  Church  221  222 

Zeic.enfi'ss,  \'eii.  .Archde.ncon  Henrj-  L.  r.  4 


